Structure-activity Omics of Traditional Chinese Medicine： A Case Study of Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Effect of Qizhi Weitong Granules / 中国实验方剂学杂志

The complex chemical composition and limited research ideas of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） have led to the unclear material basis and mechanism of the medicinal effects， which is a common problem hindering the modernization of TCM in China. The introduction of computer virtual technology has provided a new perspective for TCM research. In this study， we established the research method of structure-activity omics to study the relationships between the structures and effects of different compounds in TCM based on the chemical structures of TCM components and to analyze and predict the material basis and multitarget synergistic mechanism of TCM. Furthermore， a structure-activity omics study was carried out with the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Qizhi Weitong granules as an example. This study provides support for screening the pharmacodynamic components and analyzing the active ingredients of TCM and gives insights into the research on the material basis and mechanism of compound efficacy and the development of lead compounds of TCM， thus promoting the modern research and the innovative development of TCM.

Structure-activity Omics on Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Effect of Bupleuri Radix in Qizhi Weitong Granules / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo identify the pharmacodynamic substances for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Bupleuri Radix by structure-activity omics. MethodA mouse model of pain was established with formaldehyde to examine the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of saikosaponins in vivo. The core targets of the active components in Bupleurum Radix for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects were screened from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP）， Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man （OMIM）， and Search Tool for Recurring Instances of Neighbouring Genes （STRING）. The key core targets with high binding affinity were screened based on the comprehensive score in the molecular docking between different types of saikosaponins and core targets. The structure-activity relationship was discussed and analyzed based on the binding of compounds to pharmacodynamic targets. ResultSaikosaponins alleviated the foot swelling induced by formaldehyde and reduced the content of prostaglandin E2 （PGE2） in the mouse model， showcasing a significant inhibitory effect on the inflammatory pain caused by PGE2. Nine components and 39 targets of saikosaponins， as well as 3 074 targets of anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects were screened out， and 22 common targets shared by saikosaponins and the effects were obtained as the direct targets. The protein-protein interaction （PPI） analysis showed that the main active components of Bupleurum Radix were saikosaponins a， b1， b2， b3， c， d， e， f， and v， and the key targets were fms-related receptor tyrosine kinase 1 （FLT1）， kinase insert domain receptor （KDR）， fibroblast growth factor 2 （FGF2）， vascular endothelial growth factor A （VEGFA）， and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3）. Molecular docking between saikosaponins and the top 5 targets with high degrees in PPI network analysis revealed 25 highly active docks， including 6 docks with scores of 5-6 and 18 docks with scores above 6. ConclusionThis study adopted structural-activity omics to analyze the material basis for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Bupleuri Radix in vivo， providing new ideas and methods for identifying the pharmacodynamic substances in traditional Chinese medicine.

Structure-activity Omics on Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Effect of Aurantii Fructus in Qizhi Weitong Granules / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explain the pharmacodynamic substances of Aurantii Fructus flavonoids that exert anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects using a structure-activity omics approach. MethodOn the basis of the previous in vitro pharmacological screening conducted by the research team， an in vivo pharmacological study of Aurantii Fructus flavonoids was carried out. Core targets of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic active components of flavonoids of Aurantii Fructus were identified using various network databases， including the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP）， the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man （OMIM）， and the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins （STRING）. Computer-aided virtual screening technology was used to dock different types of Aurantii Fructus flavonoids with core targets. The key core targets with high binding activity were selected based on the comprehensive scores of each target and the active structures. Using these targets as bridges， the structures of one or more types of chemical components in Aurantii Fructus were closely linked to pharmacological effects. The structure-activity relationship between the clear pharmacodynamic compounds and their effects was explored through the binding patterns of various structures with pharmacodynamic targets. ResultAurantii Fructus flavonoids demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects on dextran sulfate sodium （DSS）-induced colitis in mice， which could improve symptoms and significantly reduce the levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6 （IL-6） and interleukin-1β （IL-1β）（P<0.05）. Twelve active components of Aurantii Fructus flavonoids were identified and categorized into nine dihydroflavonoids and three flavonoids based on their structures of the parent nuclei. Through Venn analysis， 167 anti-inflammatory and analgesic targets for Aurantii Fructus were identified. Based on degree value and molecular docking comprehensive scores， prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2（PTGS2） and mitogen-activated protein kinase 3（MAPK3） were selected for further structural analysis. Structural analysis revealed that components containing glycoside structures exhibited higher binding activity with anti-inflammatory and analgesic targets. ConclusionThis study utilized a structure-activity omics approach based on in vivo pharmacodynamic experiments to analyze the material basis of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Aurantii Fructus flavonoids. The structure-activity omics approach provides new ideas and methods for elucidating the pharmacodynamic substances of Chinese medicine.

Effects of Yishen Ruanjian Powder on endometrial vascular remodeling in a mouse model of dysfunctional uterine bleeding / 中成药

AIM To explore the effects of Yishen Ruanjian Powder on endometrial vascular remodeling in a mouse model of dysfunctional uterine bleeding(DUB).METHODS Forty female pregnant mice were randomly divided into the control group,the model group,Gongxuening Capsule group and Yishen Ruanjian Powder group,with 10 mice in each group.The mouse models were given mifepristone(8.5 mg/kg)and misoprostol(100 μg/kg)by gavage to prepare DUB mouse model,in contrast to those of the control group given the same volume of normal saline.On the first day after successful modeling,the control group and model group were given normal saline,and the other two groups went on with their 7-day regime of Gongxuening Capsule(0.07 g/kg)and Yishen Ruanjian Powder decoction(28.9 g/kg),respectively.After the administration,the mice had their endometrial pathological changes observed by HE staining;their endometrial expression of α-SMA protein detected by immunohistochemistry;their endometrial activities of Ang Ⅱ and NO,and serum levels of FSH,LH,E2 and P hormones detected by ELISA;their endometrial protein expressions of VEGF,bFGF,MMP-9 and TGF-β detected by Western blot;and theirendometrial apoptosis detected by TUNEL.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the model group displayed disordered arrangement in the endometrial epithelial cells;thinner endometrium thickness(P<0.01);decreased endometrial NO activity and the expressions of α-SMA and VEGF(P<0.01);increased Ang Ⅱ activity,apoptosis rate and protein expressions of bFGF,MMP-9 and TGF-β(P<0.01);increased serum levels of E2,FSH,and P hormones(P<0.01);and decreased LH level(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,Yishen Ruanjian Powder and Gongxuening Capsule groups displayed superior efficacy in terms of the improvements in all aforementioned incices levels(P<0.05,P<0.01).CONCLUSION Yishen Ruanjian Powder may improve endometrial vascular remodeling disorder in mouse models of DUB by regulating the level of vasoactive substances and the expression of growth factors.

Application of three-dimensional ultrasound in the diagnosis of different molecular subtypes of breast cancer / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To explore the value of three-dimensional ultrasound in differential diagnosis of different molecular subtypes of breast cancer.Methods:One hundred and twenty patients from August 2017 to December 2018 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University with breast masses were selected, and a total of 120 breast lesions were confirmed to be malignant by postoperative pathology. All patients underwent routine ultrasound and three-dimensional ultrasound before surgery. According to the St.Gallen criteria, the selected cases were divided into tubes according to the expression of immunohistochemical markers estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2). The Luminal epithelial subtype (Luminal subtype), HER-2 overexpression subtype and the triple negative subtype(TN subtype) were used to analyze whether there were differences in the three-dimensional ultrasound characteristics among different molecular subtypes of breast cancer.Results:①Three-dimensional gray-scale ultrasound: Luminal subtype breast cancer often showed as an irregular shape of the mass, with burrs on the edges, differential leaves, high echo echoes around and coronal surface convergence. The HER-2 overexpression subtype masses were blurred, with angles, uneven internal echo, and often accompanied by microcalcification. The TN subtype were more clearly mass with more regular edge, slightly enhanced posterior echo. And the differences between the 3 groups were statistically significant ( P<0.05). ②Three-dimensional power Doppler: The mean gray (MG), mean power (MP), ratio(R) and vascularization flow index (VFI) of three-dimensional ultrasonic flow volume in breast cancer with different molecular subtypes showed statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). There were significant differences of MG, MP between HER-2 overexpression subtype and TN subtype (all P<0.05). There were significant differences of R and VFI between HER-2 overexpression subtype and Luminal subtype, HER-2 overexpression subtype and TN subtype (all P<0.05). MG, MP, R, VFI values were the lowest in TN subtype and highest in HER-2 over expression subtype. ③Luminal subtype, HER-2 overexpression subtype, TN subtype blood flow grading and blood flow distribution were not significant different ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging combined with two-dimensional ultrasound can better reflect the morphological, blood supply and characteristics of different molecular subtypes of breast cancer, and provide more evidence for the diagnosis and identification of breast cancer before surgery.

Application of minimally invasive integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine therapy based on the SELECT concept in the diagnosis and treatment of biliary and pancreatic tumors / 临床肝胆病杂志

Among digestive malignancies, compared with gastrointestinal tumors, biliary and pancreatic tumors are difficult to diagnose in the early stage and have fewer opportunities for radical surgical resection, with a shorter survival time and poorer quality of life, and the clinical diagnosis and treatment of such tumors remain a difficult issue that needs to be solved urgently in clinical practice. Based on the different locations and features of biliary and pancreatic tumors, the SELECT concept selects the optimal combination of minimally invasive endoscopies (laparoscopy, choledochoscopy, duodenoscopy, Spyglass, and endoscopic ultrasound) and applies traditional Chinese medicine treatment in the perioperative period, so as to achieve early diagnosis and treatment, prolong the survival time with tumor, improve quality of life, and strive to realize the goal of cure.

Study on therapeutic mechanism of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata- Corni Fructus in sequelae of ischemic stroke based on network pharmacology technology / 中国中药杂志

In ischemic stroke sequela phase, Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-Corni Fructus drug pair has the effect in protecting damaged neurons, but its mechanism has not been clear. In this study, network pharmacology was used to predict the mechanism of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-Corni Fructus in the treatment of ischemic stroke sequela. Through database search and literature retrie-val, 40 active ingredients of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata and Corni Fructus were obtained, and their targets were obtained through STITCH and TCMSP databases. The targets of ischemic stroke sequela were obtained through OMIM,GAD,TTD and DrugBank databases. By screening the intersections of active ingredients targets and stroke treatment targets, 21 potential targets were obtained. The DAVID database was used for GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis of potential targets. GO enrichment analysis showed that Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-Corni Fructus were mainly involved in regulation of blood pressure, negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling and positive regulation of angiogenesis. KEGG pathway analysis showed that Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-Corni Fructus could inhibit inflammatory response and apoptosis signaling pathway by regulating HIF-VEGFA signaling pathway in neural stem cell proliferation, TNF signaling pathway and NF-kappaB signaling pathway. Molecular docking technique was used to verify that Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-Corni Fructus component has a good binding activity with potential targets. The results showed that in ischemic stroke sequela phase, Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-Corni Fructus drug pair could play an important role in recovering neural function, promoting the proliferation of neural stem cells, angiogenesis, preventing neural cells apoptosis and regulating inflammatory factors.

Micro RNA differential expression in primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma / 中国现代普通外科进展

Objective:To explore the miRNA (micro RNA)differential expression profile between primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma tissues and normal fat tissues,and to provide the evidence that miRNA were involved in the molecular pathways of primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma tissues' occurrence.Methods:Collecting retroperitoneal liposarcoma tissues and normal fat tissues from 4 patients after radical surgery of retroperitoneal lipsarcoma.Using microarray analysis.The tissues' miRNA hybridizated with human's LC Sciences microRNA Microarray-Single (miRBase 21.0) expression profile gene chips,and got the date.Analyzing the differential expressing of the siginal date by LOWESS.Results:Total 38 differential expressed miRNA were found (P＜0.05),including 23 over-expression and 15 low-expression miRNAs.10 of them(38 differential miRNAs) was significant deviation (P＜0.01),including 4 over-expression and 6 low-expression.Date analysis revealed that some miRNAs were associated some different tumors,Conclusion:The number of over-expression were more than the low-expression in primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma compared with the normol fat tissue,which indicate that the genes expression are less abundant in primary retroperitoneal li-posarcoma;some of the miRNAs might involved in the molecular pa-thways of primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma tissues' occurrence and recurrence,they might become the target point of the targetedtherapy of the primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma,some of the over-expressed miRNAs can become new biomarkers in the following diagnosis of the primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma.

Clinical Feature Analysis for Heart Failure in 32 Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients Presented as Restrictive Cardiomyopathy / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To analyze the clinical features for heart failure (HF) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients presented as restrictive cardiomyopathy. Methods: We retrospectively studied 32 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy combining HF patients with NYHA grade III-IV presented as restrictive cardiomyopathy and summarized their clinical features with the outcomes of in-hospital management. Results: Echocardiography found restrictive cardiomyopathy changes in all 32 severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy combining HF patients as both atriums were enlarged and the size of left ventricle was normal; 84.4％ patients with normal LVEF (>50％) and 15.6％ with LVEF<50％; 37.5％ patients with enlarged right ventricle. HF history was from 10 days to 35 years at the mean of 8.3 years. 75％ patients appeared whole heart failure, the main symptoms were dyspnea, edema, some patients had syncope and angina. There were 8 patients with respiratory failure, 2 with cardiac shock, 13 with medium to large amount of pleural effusion and ascites; 90％ patients combining paroxysmal or persistentatrial fibrillation (AF), 8 patients received pacemaker implantation due to slow tachycardia. The in-hospital ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation occurred in 3 patients, 2 of them were successfully rescued by electrical cardio-version and received implantable cardioverter defibrillator(ICD), 1 died for failed cardio-pulmonary resuscitation; 6 patients had heart transplantation.Conclusion: Severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy combining HF patients presented as restrictive cardiomyopathy were usually at the late stage in critical condition with various complications even they could have normal size of left ventricle and LVEF, some patients may need heart transplantation.

Structural and Functional Feature Comparison Between Dilated Phenotype and Restrictive Phenotype of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients With Severe Heart Failure / 中国循环杂志

Objectives:To compare the structural and functional features between dilated phenotype and restrictive phenotype of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with severe heart failure. Methods:We retrospectively enrolled the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with severe heart failure (NYHA classⅢ/Ⅳ) who were admitted in our hospital during January 2010 to June 2017. The structural and functional characteristics between dilated phenotype and restrictive phenotype of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with severe heart failure were compared. Results:One hundred and seventy-six hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with heart failure were enrolled, including 112 patients with dilated phenotype (dilated group) and 64 patients with restrictive phenotype (restrictive group). Echocardiographic examination showed that LVEDd was larger[(66.9±12.6) mm vs (44.6±10.1) mm,P＜0.001],the maximum left ventricular wall thickness (MLVWT) was thinner(13.1±3.1)mm vs (16.3±3.9)mm, P＜0.001], the proportion of patients with a thinner MLVWT was higher[26.8%(30/112) vs 6.3%(4/64),P=0.003], LVEF was lower ([29.7±10.1]% vs [53.0±18.2]%, P=0.006),the proportion of patients with a LVEF＜50% was higher(96.4%[108/112] vs 14.1%[9/64], P＜0.001),the proportion of patients with both left and right atrium enlarged was lower (42.9%[48/112] vs 100%[64/64], P＜0.001), and the proportion of patients with tricuspid insufficiency was also lower in the dilated group (55.4%[62/112] vs 71.9%[46/64], P=0.031) compared with the restrictive group. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging examination evidenced that the proportion of patients with local ventricular septum hypertrophy was higher[78.7%(48/61) vs 9.4%(3/32), P＜0.001], the proportion of patients with extensive areas of transmural post-contrast delayed hyper-enhancement within septal and left ventricular free wall myocardium was higher(90.2%[55/61] vs 65.6%[21/32], P=0.013)in dilated group compared with the restrictive group. However, the proportion of patients with limited areas of transmural post-contrast delayed hyper-enhancement within interventricular septum or apex is less than that in the restricted group (9.8% [6/61] vs 34.4% [11/32], P=0.026). The maximum ventricular wall thickness was also less than that of the restrictive group ([15.8 ± 3.1] mm vs [19.8±3.4] mm, P=0.001). Conclusions:There are many differences in characteristics of cardiac structure and function between dilated phenotype and restrictive phenotype in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with severe heart failure, such as the size of ventricular and atrium, the ventricular wall thickness, location and area of ventricular hypertrophy, LVEF, prevalence of mitral valve insufficiency and tricuspid insufficiency, myocardial fibrosis. The difference in location and area of ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis may be the fundamental changes leading to these two phenotypes of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Epidemiology of thyroid nodules and thyroid function in southern mountainous areas of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence of thyroid nodules and thyroid dysfunction in southern mountainouss areas of Ningxia.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among a representative sample of 10 639 adults in Jingyuan county with a population proportionate sampling method.High-resolution ultrasound was used to examine the thyroid and fasting blood specimens were collected in the morning for measurement of TSH,FT4,FT3.Chi-square test and spearman rank correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results The prevalence of thyroid nodules was 29.08％,the sex-and age-adjusted rate was 27.17％.The prevalence of thyroid nodules was higher in women than in men (32.68％ vs.24.88％,x2=76.029 2,P＜0.001) and age was positively associated with thyroid nodules (r=0.272,P＜0.001).The rate of thyroid dysfunetion,subclinical hypothyroidism,subclinical hyperthyroidism,hypothyroidism,hyperthyroidism were 17.39％,13.00％,0.42％,0.96％,3.01％,respectively.The prevalence of thyroid nodules was higher in abnormal TSH group than in normal TSH group (39.44％ vs.27.24％,x2=95.624 0,P＜0.001).The level of THS,FT3,FT4 in thyroid nodules group differed fromn control group (Z=-9.144,P＜0.001;Z=-6.140,P＜0.001;Z=-1.997,P=0.046).Conclusion The prevalence of thyroid nodules and thyroid dysfunction were higher in southern mountainous areas of Ningxia.The relationship between thyroid nodules and thyroid function needs further research.We should pay attention to the early screening and diagnosis of thyroid nodules in mountainous areas.

Comparison on sensitivity and specificity of serum miR-122 as biomarkers of drug-induced liver injury / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To make a comparison of sensitivity and specificity between serum miR-122 and traditional biomarkers of drug-induced liver injury. METHODS Acetaminophen (APAP, 1250 mg · kg-1, ig), α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT, 150 mg · kg-1, ig), methionine-choline deficient diet (MCDD, free feeding) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4, 50%, ip) were used to establish hepatocellular injury, cholestasis, steatosis and fibrosis models, respectively, which were used to evaluate the sensitivity of serum miR-122 as a biomarker of drug-induced liver injury, when compared with the traditional biomarkers. Isoprenaline hydrochloride (IH) and gentamicin (GM) were used to establish myocardial and renal injury models, respectively, which were used to evaluate the specificity of serum miR-122, when compared with the tradi-tional biomarkers. Serum and liver tissues were collected at different time points during the study. Tradi-tional biomarkers such as glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and total bilirubin (TBIL) were measured with an automatic biochemistry analyzer. MiR-122 was detected with real- time quantitative PCR. Histopathological examination with HE staining was performed for liver tissues. RESULTS Serum miR-122 increased significantly earlier [miR-122 was signifi-cantly increased (>2 fold) at 1.5 h, 3 h, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after treatment in the four models respec-tively, while no significant increase (<2 fold) was observed for GPT, GOT and TBIL at 6 h, 12 h, 3 weeks and 6 weeks after treatment in the four models respectively] and more signficantly (the maximum fold change for miR-122 was 235.8, 202.7, 73.8 and 600.3 for the four models, respectively. For the GPT, the maximum fold change was 9.5, 3.9, 2.5 and 6.6, respectively; 6.0, 2.4, 1.4 and 3.5 respectively for GOT; 2.6, 2.3, 1.2 and 1.8 respectively for TBIL) than that of traditional biomarkers in hepatocellular injury, cholestasis, steatosis and fibrosis models, when compared with the control group. In the myocar-dial injury model, a significant increase of GOT was observed after IH treatment (2.1 fold), while no change was observed for serum miR-122. In the renal injury model, no false positive results were observed for serum miR-122. CONCLUSION Serum miR-122 can be used as a biomarker of drug-induced liver injury and serum miR-122 is more sensitive and specific than traditional biomarkers (such as GPT, GOT and TBIL).

Optimization of kV Selection on Third-generation High-pitch Dual-source Coronary CT Angiography Using Ultra-low Contrast Media Protocols in Patients with Body Mass Index between 20-30 kg/munder Automatic Tube Voltage Selection / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To investigate the application of automatic tube voltage selection (CARE-kV)coronary CT angiography (CCTA)using ultra-low contrast media (CM)protocols in patients with body mass index (BMI)between 20 kg/mand 30 kg/mon third-generation dual-source CT (DSCT). Methods We prospectively included 134 consecutive patients with BMI between 20 kg/mand 30 kg/mwho underwent CARE-kV prospective high-pitch CCTA on third-generation DSCT using the ultra-low CM protocols and divided them into two groups according to the CARE-kV results:70 kV group(n=91):65 patients with normal BMI(20 kg/m≤BMI≤25 kg/m)and 26 patients with high BMI(25 kg/m<BMI≤30 kg/m);and 80 kV group(n=43):12 patients with normal BMI and 31 patients with high BMI. The 70 kV group and 80 kV group used the CM protocols of 18 ml(3.0 ml/s) and 21 ml(3.0 ml/s),respectively. The effective dose (ED),objective and subjective image quality (IQ),and results of patients in each group and subgroup were evaluated and compared.ResultsThe ED of 70 kV group was(0.24±0.04)mSv,which was 53% lower(H=3.37,P=0.02)than that of 80 kV group [(0.51±0.05)mSv]. No significant difference of CNR and SNR had been found in normal BMI patients(H=1.81,P=0.23)and high BMI patients (H=0.91,P=0.84)among 70 kV group and 80 kV group,as well as the subjective IQ in normal BMI patients(Z=0.79,P=0.76)and high BMI patients (Z=0.77,P=0.81)among 70 kV group and 80 kV group. Conclusion sWhen patients with BMI between 20 kg/mand 30 kg/mreceive CARE-kV prospective high-pitch CCTA on third-generation DSCT,the CARE-kV results for a portion of patients may be higher than other patients with the same BMI level,so as to guarantee the equivalent IQ. The CARE-kV can help to select the patients' optimal tube voltage value more accurately and reasonably.

Femoral compression variation in osteoporosis rats after intervention with different drugs / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:The mechanical index is an important method for the evaluation of the therapeutic efficiency of drug treatment for osteoporosis animal models. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of various drug treatments on osteoporosis through a mechanical performance test about the femoral compression of rats. METHODS: Thirty-six Wistar female rats were randomized into six groups: normal control group, model group, Dan Qiparticles group, alpha-D3 group, premarin group, ipriflavone group, with six rats in each group. Osteoporosis models were made in al groups except for the normal control group, and after modeling, the rats in different groups were treated withDan Qi particles, alpha-D3 group, premarin and ipriflavone, respectively. After 15 weeks, the rats were kiled by abdominal aortic bloodletting to take out the left and right femurs that were placed on a universal testing machine to perform a compressive test at a speed of 5 mm/min. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The maximum load, maximum stress, maximum displacement, maximum strain, and elastic modulus were significantly lower in the model group than the other four groups (P 0.05). These findings indicate that osteoporosis leads to the variation of compression mechanical properties of the femur. There are good compression mechanical properties of the femur after treatment with premarin and ipriflavone, andDan Qi particles has the best effect.

Improving angiogenesis in the myocardial tissue of diabetic cardiomyopathy by insulin treatment in rats / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Diabetic SD rats were established by injection of streptozotocin,and were divided into normal blood sugar control group(NC),diabetic control group(DM),and the insulin treatment group(IDM).12 weeks later,the maximum rates of increasing and decreasing pressure in left ventricle were both decreased in DM group(P＜ 0.05),and those in IDM group were higher than those in DM group(P＜0.05).Regional myocardial blood flow in DM group was lower than that in NC group [(3.39 ± 0.48 vs 3.90 ± 0.45) ml · g-1 · min-1,P＜ 0.05],and that in IDM group was higher than that in DM group [(4.46 ± 0.52 vs 3.39 ± 0.48) ml · g-1 · min-1,P＜0.05].The capillary density ratio in DM group was lower than that of NC group [0.429 ± 0.091 vs 0.545 ± 0.082,P＜0.05],but that in IDM group was higher than DM group [0.494 ± 0.076 vs 0.429 ± 0.091,P＜0.05].VEGF and Ang-1 expression in DM group were the highest in 3 groups (P＜0.05).Insulin therapy may improve the angiogenesis and myocardial blood flow in diabetic rats with cardiomyopathy.

A Meta analysis of association between IL-1 gene polymorphisms and Beh(c)et disease susciptibility / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background Interleukin (IL)-1a-889C/T,IL-1β-S11C/T,+ 3962C/T and IL-1Ra-2 are different morphology of single nucleotide of interleuki-1 (IL-1).The potential relationship of IL-1 polymorphisms with Beh(c)et disease has been studied in several populations and groups.However,study outcomes are controversial for a long duration.Objective This Meta-analysis was to determine whether the IL-1 gene polymorphisms is associated with the pathogenesis and development of Beh(c)et disease.Methods The literature of the assoiation between IL-1 polymorphisms and Beh(c)et disease was retrieved from Medline,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,Web of knowledge,Google Scholar,Wanfang and CNKI databases.All the published original articles (case-control studies) were reviewed with the deadline May 31,2013,and the languages were limited to English and Chinese.Included reports were evaluated based on Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) score.The potential influence of IL-1α-889TT gene,IL-1β-3962C,IL-1β-511T and IL-1Ra-2 polymorphisms on Beh(c)et disease were analyzed.RevMan5.0,the Cochrane collaboration software program,was used to prepare and complete this review.The effect size was assessed using fixed effect model in the index with lower heterogeneity (I2 ＜50％) or randomized effect model in the index with higher heterogeneity (I2＞50％).Results The literature search resulted a total of 370 cases-controlled studies,and 7 studies met the included criteria,with the NOS scores ≥ 8.The total patients were 499 and normal controls were 708.Meta-analysis was performed on several populations.Overall,the polymorphisms of IL-1β-3962C allele increased the susciptibility of Beh(c)et disease (OR =1.41,95％ CI:1.06-1.88,P =0.02),and IL-1α-889TT genotype reduced the risk of Beh(c)et disease (OR =0.61,95 ％ CI:0.40-0.92,P =0.02).However,There was no significant association between variants of IL-1β-511T allele (OR =0.84,95％ CI:0.58-1.23,P=0.38) or IL-1RA-2 allele (OR =1.25,95％ CI:0.50-3.14,P=0.63) and Beh(c)et disease susciptibility.Conclusions These results suggest that Beh(c)et disease is associated with the IL-1 gene polymorphisms at the locations α-889C/T and β-3962C/T.A larger sample size clinical data still are need to confirm this conclusion.

Primary culture of corneal endothelial cells in vitro and biological identification / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background Corneal blindness is one of the major blinding eye diseases in China.With the development and progress of tissue engineering technology,tissue-engineered corneas offers a new approach to the treatment of corneal diseases.To select and cultivate ideal seed cells is a foundation of construction of tissueengineered corneas.Objective This study was to evaluate the efficiency of stripe off the Descemet membrane with endothelium plus enzymic digestion in the isolation of corneal endothelial cells and analyze the bionomics of rabbit corneal endothelial cells (CECs) in vitro.Methods Descemet membrane was stripped from fresh cornea of New Zealand rabbit under the dissection microscope.Descemet membrane with endothelium was incubated in trypsin and EDTA solution at 37 ℃ and then purified for CECs subculture in vitro.The morphology of the cultured cells was observed under the inverted microscope and marked by CM-Dil dye solution.Then the shape of the cells was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and the cells were identified for the expression of neuron specific enolase (NSE) using immunochemistry.The viability of the cells were evaluated by trypan blue staining.The surface structure of the cells were examined under the scanning electron microscope.Intercellular zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) was identified by immunofluorecsence staining.Results A large number of purified CECs were obtained from Descemet membrane with endothelium through enzymic digestion.Cultured cells grew well and formed monolayer 5-7 days later with the cobblestone stone-like arrangement.The survival rate of the cells was 95％.CECs presented with the red annular fluorescence for CM-Dil with the labeling rate ＞90％.NSE was positively expressed in the cytoplasm.Polygon CECs were seen by hematoxylin and eosin staining and showed the brown staining.Abundant microvilli on the cellular surface and interconnected foot process were seen under the scanning electron microscope.ZO-1 showed the green fluorescence.Conclusions The method of striping off the corneal Descemet membrane with endothelium plus enzymic digestion can obtain abundant CECs.Cultured cells have good biological properties.This study may offer a feasible application in the engineering of corneal transplant membrane.

Differential expression profiles of microRNAs/mRNA and docking study in oral squamous cell carcinoma / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct and analyze the differential expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNA) and mRNA in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). To explore the miRNA and mRNA of OSCC development and progression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The differential expression profiles of miRNA and mRNA were built by high-throughput deep sequencing technology. Using Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, the roles of differentially expressed miRNA and mRNA in cell cycle, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and cell apoptosis were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seventy-seven differentially expressed miRNA and 1 298 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified in OSCC. GO analysis showed that 73 miRNA had found target mRNA in cell cycle, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and cell apoptosis of OSCC. Moreover, a miRNA could regulate multiple mRNA.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The differential expression profiles of miRNA and mRNA have close relationship with the development and progression of OSCC.</p>

Clinical application of high-pitch excretory phase images during dual-source CT urography with stellar photon detector / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To retrospectively evaluate the clinical feasibility of high-pitch excretory phase images during dual-source CT urography with Stellar photon detector.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 100 patients received dual-source CT high-pitch urinary excretory phase scanning with Stellar photon detector [80 kV, ref.92 mAs, CARE Dose 4D and CARE kV, pitch of 3.0, filter back projection reconstruction algorithm (FBP)] (group A). Another 100 patients received dual-source CT high-pitch urinary excretory phase scanning with common detector(100 kV, ref.140 mAs, CARE Dose 4D, pitch of 3.0, FBP) (group B). Quantitative measurement of CT value of urinary segments (Hounsfield units), image noise (Hounsfield units), and effective radiation dose (millisievert) were compared using independent-samples t test between two groups. Urinary system subjective opacification scores were compared using Mann-Whitney U test between two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no significant difference in subjective opacification score of intrarenal collecting system and ureters between two groups (all P>0.05). The group A images yielded significantly higher CT values of all urinary segments (all P<0.01). There was no significant difference in image noise (P>0.05). The effective radiation dose of group A (1.1 mSv) was significantly lower than that of group B (3.79 mSv) (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High-pitch low-tube-voltage during excretory phase dual-source CT urography with Stellar photon detector is feasible, with acceptable image noise and lower radiation dose.</p>

A survey on knowledge of recommended heart failure guidelines among Chinese physicians / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To obtain the knowledge status on recommended heart failure (HF) guidelines among Chinese physicians.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Questionnaire on heart failure including 20 multiple choice questions and 10 fill in the blank questions was designed based on the Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure in 2007 and the Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute heart failure in 2010. The rate of correct answer for each item was calculated and compared among physicians specialized for cardiovascular diseases and not.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The Questionnaire was completed in 400 physicians, including 208 physician specialized for cardiovascular disease and 192 physicians not specialized in cardiovascular disease. The rate of correct answer for 20 multiple choice questions was lower than 60% in 8 questions, 60%-80% in 8 questions, higher than 80% in 4 questions. The rate of correct answers for 10 fill in the blank questions focusing on the aimed dosage of 10 ACEI/ARB/β-blockers was 49%. The 8 multiple choice questions with correct answer rate <60% are detailed items of myocardial remodeling, symptoms suggestive of HF, diagnosis tools for patients with suspected HF, the AHA stages of heart failure, the Forrester's hemodynamic classes of acute heart failure, the goals of ACEI/ARBs treatment in patients with HF, names of heart diseases which might benefit from ACEI/ARBs treatment defined by evidenced based medicine, and detailed application methods of ACEI/ARBs and β-blockers for HF patients. In general, the rate of correct answer was significantly higher in physicians specialized for cardiovascular disease compared physicians not specialized for cardiovascular disease.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is a considerable knowledge gap on the Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure and the Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute heart failure among Chinese physicians. Efforts must be made to educate physicians to improve their knowledge and improve HF patient care.</p>