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Acupuncture, a therapeutic treatment defined as the insertion of needles into the body at specific points (ie, acupoints), has growing in popularity world-wide to treat various diseases effectively, especially acute and chronic pain. In parallel, interest in the physiological mechanisms underlying acupuncture analgesia, particularly the neural mechanisms have been increasing. Over the past decades, our understanding of how the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system process signals induced by acupuncture has developed rapidly by using electrophysiological methods. However, with the development of neuroscience, electrophysiology is being challenged by calcium imaging in view field, neuron population and visualization in vivo. Owing to the outstanding spatial resolution, the novel imaging approaches provide opportunities to enrich our knowledge about the neurophysiological mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia at subcellular, cellular, and circuit levels in combination with new labeling, genetic and circuit tracing techniques. Therefore, this review will introduce the principle and the method of calcium imaging applied to acupuncture research. We will also review the current findings in pain research using calcium imaging from in vitro to in vivo experiments and discuss the potential methodological considerations in studying acupuncture analgesia.
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Calcium , Thérapie par acupuncture , Acupuncture , Analgésie par acupuncture/méthodes , Points d'acupuncture , TechnologieRésumé
@#Objective: To determine the inhibitory effects of pachymic acid on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells and elucidate its underlying mechanism. Methods: CCK-8, wound healing, Transwell, Western blot, tube formation, and immunofluorescence assays were carried out to measure the effects of various concentrations of pachymic acid on LUAD cell proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis as well as autophagy. Subsequently, molecular docking technology was used to detect the potential targeted binding association between pachymic acid and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). Moreover, PTP1B was overexpressed in A549 cells to detect the specific mechanisms of pachymic acid. Results: Pachymic acid suppressed LUAD cell viability, metastasis as well as angiogenesis while inducing cell autophagy. It also targeted PTP1B and lowered PTP1B expression. However, PTP1B overexpression reversed the effects of pachymic acid on metastasis, angiogenesis, and autophagy as well as the expression of Wnt3a and β-catenin in LUAD cells. Conclusions: Pachymic acid inhibits metastasis and angiogenesis, and promotes autophagy in LUAD cells by modulating the Wnt/ β-catenin signaling pathway via targeting PTP1B.
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Galectin-9 (Gal-9) is a member of the galectin family that can specifically recognize and bind to galactosides. Recent studies have shown that Gal-9 is highly expressed in the liver and can help to maintain intrahepatic immune homeostasis and perform biological functions in various liver diseases. This article reviews the immunomodulatory functions of Gal-9 and its role in different liver diseases. Studies have shown that Gal-9 has important biological functions in different liver diseases through multiple pathways. Research on the specific immunomodulatory mechanisms and functions of Gal-9 may help to discover the therapeutic role of Gal-9 in liver diseases.
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Objective:To investigate the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in Hangzhou City and analyze its influencing factors, in order to provide a basis for guiding pregnant women in Hangzhou City to supplement iodine scientifically.Methods:A stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 1 400 pregnant women in Hangzhou City from March to October 2018. Random urine samples and household salt samples from pregnant women were collected, and the levels of urine iodine and salt iodine were measured using arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry and direct titration, respectively. The iodine nutritional status of pregnant women with different basic characteristics and dietary levels were analyzed and compared (Kruskal-Wallis test), and the main influencing factors affecting the urinary iodine concentration level of pregnant women were identified (the ordinal multiple classification logistic regression analysis).Results:The median urinary iodine of pregnant women was 135.00 μg/L, and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate of pregnant women was 83.36% (1 167/1 400). In terms of basic characteristics, there were statistically significant differences in the distribution level of urine iodine among pregnant women with different pregnancy frequency, delivery frequency, and natural abortion frequency ( P < 0.05). In terms of diet, the frequency of consuming milk, yogurt, meat, and whether pregnant women consumed cabbage and cauliflower showed statistically significant differences in urinary iodine distribution levels ( P < 0.05). Ordinal multiple classification logistic regression analysis showed that the urine iodine levels of pregnant women who were pregnant twice were higher than those who were pregnant ≥3 times ( OR = 1.64, P = 0.003). Pregnant women who never or occasionally consumed yogurt had lower urine iodine levels than or equal to those who consumed 2 bottles of yogurt per day ( OR = 0.53, P = 0.044). Pregnant women who never or occasionally consumed meat and those who consumed meat once a week had higher urinary iodine levels than that who consumed meat ≥2 times per week ( OR = 1.40, 1.47, P < 0.05). Conclusions:The overall iodine nutrition of pregnant women in Hangzhou City is at an deficiency level. Pregnancy experience and dietary level are influencing factors on iodine nutrition of pregnant women. It is necessary to carry out in-depth health education for pregnant women, improve the dietary structure during pregnancy, and improve the abnormal iodine nutrition of pregnant women.
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Objective: To explore the obesity-related factors among primary and middle school students in Hangzhou. Methods: A stratified random cluster sampling cross-sectional study was conducted using Hangzhou city's 2016-2020 annual school health survey data. Finally, 9 213 primary and secondary school students with complete data were selected as the research objects. The standard of Overweight and Obesity Screening for School-age Children and Adolescents (WS/T 586-2018) was used to verify students' obesity. SPSS 25.0 software was applied to conduct statistical analysis on the related factors of obesity. Results: The overall obesity detection rate among primary and middle school students in Hangzhou was 8.52%. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that inadequate sleep (OR=6.507, 95%CI: 2.371-17.861, P<0.001), 3- hours (OR=5.666, 95%CI: 2.164-14.835, P<0.001) and ≥4 hours (OR=7.530, 95%CI: 2.804-20.221, P<0.001) of watching video every day in the past week, being beaten and scolded by parents in the past week (OR=1.627, 95%CI: 1.161-2.280, P=0.005), parents often reduce students' exercise time in order to let students have more time to study in the past week (OR=3.310, 95%CI: 1.243-8.819, P=0.017), age 16-18 years old (OR=0.137, 95%CI: 0.050-0.374, P<0.001), often suffering from campus violence in the past week (OR=0.332, 95%CI: 0.141-0.783, P=0.012), 1 hour of watching video every day in the past week (OR=0.023, 95%CI: 0.006-0.083, P<0.001), sometimes having breakfast (OR=0.151, 95%CI: 0.058-0.397, P<0.001) and eating breakfast every day (OR=0.020, 95%CI: 0.005-0.065, P<0.001) in the past week, eating vegetables and fruits sometimes (OR=0.015, 95%CI: 0.010-0.023, P<0.001) and every day (OR=0.020, 95%CI: 0.008-0.053, P<0.001) in the past week, eating sweet food sometimes (OR=0.089, 95%CI: 0.035-0.227, P<0.001) and every day (OR=2.568, 95%CI: 1.632-4.041, P<0.001) in the past week, eating fried food sometimes (OR=0.274, 95%CI: 0.094-0.800, P=0.018) in the past week, and having three physical education classes every week (OR=0.156, 95%CI: 0.057-0.423, P<0.001) were the main related factors affecting the occurrence of obesity in primary and secondary school students. Conclusions: With the higher obesity prevalence among primary and middle school students in Hangzhou, parents and teachers should strengthen health education for primary and middle school students, help children develop scientific eating behavior, develop positive and healthy living habits of children, and effectively prevent overweight/obesity in primary and middle school students.
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Enfant , Adolescent , Humains , Surpoids/épidémiologie , Études transversales , Obésité/épidémiologie , Comportement alimentaire , ÉtudiantsRésumé
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of baicalin on prostate cancer (PCa) progression both in vivo and in vitro.@*METHODS@#The in situ PCa stem cells (PCSCs)-injected xenograft tumor models were established in BALB/c nude mice. Tumor volume and weight were respectively checked after baicalin (100 mg/kg) treatment. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the growth arrest and cell necrosis. mRNA expression levels of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), CD44, CD133 and Notch1 were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Protein expression levels of ALDH1, CD44, CD133, Notch1, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) P65 and NF-κB p-P65 were detected by Western blot. Expression and subcellular location of ALDH1, CD44, CD133, Notch1 and NF-κB p65 were detected by immunofluorescence analysis. In vitro, cell cycle distribution and cell apoptosis of PC3 PCSCs was assessed by flow cytometry after baicalin (125 µmol/L) treatment. The migration and invasion abilities of PCSCs were assessed using Transwell assays. Transmission electron microscopy scanning was utilized to observe the structure and autophagosome formation of baicalin-treated PCSCs. In addition, PCSCs were infected with lentiviruses expressing human Notch1.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the tumor volume and weight were notably reduced in mice treated with 100 mg/kg baicalin (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Histopathological analysis showed that baicalin treatment significantly inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. Furthermore, baicalin treatment reduced mRNA and protein expression levels of CD44, CD133, ALDH1, and Notch1 as well as the protein expression of NF-κB p-P65 in the xenograft tumor (P<0.01). In vitro, the cell proliferation of PCSCs was significantly attenuated after treatment with 125 µmol/L baicalin for 72 h (P<0.01). The cell migration and invasion rates were decreased following treatment with baicalin for 48 and 72 h (P<0.01). Baicalin notably induced cell apoptosis and seriously damaged the structure of PCSCs. The mRNA and protein expressions of CD133, CD44, ALDH1 and Notch1 in PCSCs were significantly downregulated following baicalin treatment (P<0.01). Importantly, the inhibitory effects of baicalin on PCa progression and stemness were reversed by Notch1 overexpression (P<0.05 or P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Mechanistically, baicalin exhibited a potential therapeutic effect on PCa via inhibiting the Notch1/NF-κB signaling pathway and its mediated cancer stemness.
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Mâle , Humains , Souris , Animaux , Facteur de transcription NF-kappa B/métabolisme , Souris nude , Lignée cellulaire tumorale , Transduction du signal , Tumeurs de la prostate/traitement médicamenteux , ARN messagerRésumé
It is well established that increased excitability of the presympathetic neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) during hypertension leads to heightened sympathetic outflow and hypertension. However, the mechanism underlying the overactivation of PVN presympathetic neurons remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of endogenous corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) on the excitability of presympathetic neurons in PVN using Western blot, arterial blood pressure (ABP) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) recording, CRISPR/Cas9 technique and patch-clamp technique. The results showed that CRF protein expression in PVN was significantly upregulated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) compared with normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Besides, PVN administration of exogenous CRF significantly increased RSNA, heart rate and ABP in WKY rats. In contrast, knockdown of upregulated CRF in PVN of SHRs inhibited CRF expression, led to membrane potential hyperpolarization, and decreased the frequency of current-evoked firings of PVN presympathetic neurons, which were reversed by incubation of exogenous CRF. Perfusion of rat brain slices with artificial cerebrospinal fluid containing CRF receptor 1 (CRFR1) blocker, NBI-35965, or CRF receptor 2 (CRFR2) blocker, Antisauvagine-30, showed that blocking CRFR1, but not CRFR2, hyperpolarized the membrane potential and inhibited the current-evoked firing of PVN presympathetic neurons in SHRs. However, blocking CRFR1 or CRFR2 did not affect the membrane potential and current-evoked firing of presympathetic neurons in WKY rats. Overall, these findings indicate that increased endogenous CRF release from PVN CRF neurons enhances the excitability of presympathetic neurons via activation of CRFR1 in SHRs.
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Rats , Animaux , Rats de lignée SHR , Noyau paraventriculaire de l'hypothalamus/physiologie , Récepteur CRH/métabolisme , Rats de lignée WKY , Corticolibérine/métabolisme , Neurones/physiologie , Hypertension artérielle , Système nerveux sympathiqueRésumé
The liver is easily affected by a variety of factors to induce liver damage, which can cause disorders in the synthesis, detoxification, metabolism, and biotransformation functions of the liver in severe cases, and at present, there is still a lack of efficient clinical treatment methods for end-stage liver diseases such as liver failure and decompensated liver cirrhosis. Recent studies have confirmed the clinical efficacy of stem cells, and treatment methods based on stem cell-derived exosomes have become a research hotspot. This article introduces the advantages of treatment based on stem cell-derived exosomes, the research advances in related mechanisms, and the current status of preclinical research. Current research findings suggest that treatment based on stem cell-derived exosomes has a good application prospect in the treatment of liver diseases, but it is still needed to conduct in-depth preclinical and clinical studies.
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Objective@#To examine the effects of air pollution on overall mortality, mortality of respiratory diseases, and mortality of circulatory diseases among residents in Hangzhou City.@*Methods@#Residents' mortality data in Hangzhou City from 2014 to 2016 were captured from Zhejiang Provincial Chronic Disease Surveillance Information Management System, and the ambient air quality in Hangzhou City from 2014 to 2016 were collected from Hangzhou Environmental Monitoring Center, while the meteorological monitoring data during the study period were collected from Hangzhou Meteorological Bureau. The effects of PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and SO2 on overall mortality, morality of respiratory diseases and mortality of circulatory diseases were evaluated a generalized additive model (GAM) based on Poisson distribution, and the risk of mortality was described with excess risk (ER) and its 95%CI.@*Results@#The daily M (QR) overall deaths, deaths from respiratory diseases and deaths from circulatory diseases were 111 (30), 16 (9) and 37 (14) persons in Hangzhou City from 2014 to 2016, respectively. A 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and SO2 resulted in 0.47% (95%CI: 0.23%-0.70%), 0.37% (95%CI: 0.21%-0.53%), 1.06% (95%CI: 0.50%-1.61%) and 3.08% (95%CI: 2.18%-3.99%) rises in the risk of overall mortality, 0.60% (95%CI: 0.04%-1.16%), 0.45% (95%CI: 0.06%-0.83%), 2.01% (95%CI: 0.84%-3.20%) and 6.06% (95%CI: 3.80%-8.37%) rises in the risk of mortality of respiratory diseases, and 0.45% (95%CI: 0.08%-0.83%), 0.44% (95%CI: 0.17%-0.71%), 1.43% (95%CI: 0.49%-2.37%) and 3.66% (95%CI: 2.13%-5.22%) rises in the risk of mortality of circulatory diseases, and the greatest effect was observed at a 2-day lag. Multi-pollutant model analysis showed that, after adjustment for PM2.5, NO2 and PM2.5+NO2+SO2, a 10 μg/m3 increase in SO2 resulted in an elevated risk of mortality of respiratory diseases than a single-pollutant model.@*Conclusions@#The air pollutants PM10, PM2.5, NO2, and SO2 correlated positively with the risk of overall mortality, mortality of respiratory diseases and mortality of circulatory diseases in Hangzhou City from 2014 to 2016, and the co-existence of multiple pollutants enhanced the effect of SO2 on mortality of respiratory diseases.
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【Objective】 To investigate the effects of miR-126-3p targeting chemokine receptor 1 (CCR1) in exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells. 【Methods】 BMSC cells were cultured; exosomes were extracted and identified by the exosomal marker proteins CD63 and TSG101. After exosome culture of A549 cells for different durations (0, 24, 48, and 72 h), cell survival rate was detected by CCK-8, mRNA levels of miR-126-3p and CCR1 were detected by qRT-PCR, and cell migration and invasion abilities were detected by Transwell assay. The relative expressions of CCR1, epithelial cadherin (E-cad), neural cadherin (N-cadherin), and Vimentin were detected by Western blotting. 【Results】 Exosomes had round or oval cup-shaped structures with bright edges and dark middle, with a particle size distribution of about 152 nm, expressing CD63 and TSG101 proteins. The expression of miR-126-3p in exosomes was higher than that in A549 cells. The expression of miR-126-3p was low in A549 cells and that of CCR1 mRNA was high. However, after co-culture with exosomes, the expression of miR-126-3p in A549 cells was increased, while the expression of CCR1 was decreased. A549 cells were cocultured with exosomes for 0, 24, 48, and 72 h. The survival rate, migration and invasion abilities, CCR1 gene and protein expression levels, and N-cad and Vimentin protein expression levels of A549 cells decreased gradually with the extension of culture time. The level of miR-126-3p and the expression of E-cad protein increased gradually with the extension of culture time. 【Conclusion】 The co-culture of exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with A549 cells can increase the expression level of miR-126-3p, and miR-126-3p can reduce the proliferation, migration, and invasion of A549 cells by targeting the inhibition of CCR1 expression.
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Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of excimer laser ablation (ELA) in the treatment of lower extremity arterial ischemic diseases.Methods:The clinical data of 44 patients with lower extremity ischemic diseases treated with ELA in the People′s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from December 2020 to April 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Among the 44 patients, there were 29 patients in lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO), including 3 patients with femoral artery stent occlusion. 8 patients of diabetes foot (DF) and 7 patients of thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO). Observation indicators include target vascular patency rate, amputation rate, vascular reintervention rate and mortality rate. The measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation ( ± s), one-way analysis of variance was used for inter-group comparison, and paired sample t-test was used for intra-group comparison. The Chi-square test was used for comparison between count data. Results:The success rate of operation was 100% in 44 patients. The rate of major amputation in ASO group was 10.3%, while the other two groups had a major amputation rate of 0. The minor amputation rates of the three groups were 6.9%, 25.0% and 28.6%, respectively. The vascular reintervention rate was 10.3% in ASO group, 12.5% in DF group and 0 in TAO group. The 1-year mortality rate in the ASO group was 10.3%, while the other two groups had a mortality rate of 0. The 2-year mortality rate of the three group were 31.0%, 12.5% and 0, respectively.Conclusion:For the treatment of lower extremity arterial ischemic diseases, ELA is safe and effective, but the curative effect need to further clarify by large sample and long-term clinical follow-up observation.
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Objective:To investigate the epidemiology of pathogens of acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) in children in Guangzhou area.Methods:A total of 13 610 hospitalized children with ARTI in Guangzhou Women and Children′s Medical Center from January 2018 to December 2021 were enrolled. Throat swab specimens were collected, and fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect 11 respiratory pathogens, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), human rhinovirus (HRV), human bocavirus (HBoV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), enterovirus (EV), influenza A virus (IFA), influenza B virus (IFB), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) and Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP). Grouping according to age (< one year group, one to < three years group, three to < six years group, six to 14 years group) and season. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results:At least one pathogen was detected in 6 331 cases among 13 610 patients, and the overall positive rate was 46.52%. The detection rates from high to low were as follows: RSV (13.75%(1 872/13 610)), ADV (4.82%(656/13 610)), PIV (4.82%(656/13 610)), MP (4.54%(618/13 610)), HRV (3.39%(462/13 610)), HBoV (2.64%(359/13 610)), HMPV (2.59%(352/13 610)), EV (1.76%(239/13 610)), IFA (1.29%(176/13 610)), IFB (0.90%(122/13 610)) and CP (0.30%(41/13 610)). The positive rate of viral detection showed significant differences among different age groups ( χ2=49.91, P<0.001), and the highest positive rate was in the age group of one to <three years (50.83%(2 196/4 320)). The positive rate of viral detection showed a significant difference in terms of seasonal distribution ( χ2=13.90, P=0.003), with a peak prevalence in summer (48.76%(1 498/3 072)). Conclusions:RSV, ADV, PIV, MP and HRV are important pathogens causing ARTI in children in Guangzhou area. The distribution of pathogens in children with ARTI is associated with age and season.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the changes of skin temperature, blood infusion and inflammatory cytokines of cutaneous tissue in the sensitized area of colitis model rats, as well as the relationship between sensory and sympathetic nerves and the formation of sensitized area, and to initially reveal the partial physical-chemical characteristics of the sensitized area in the colitis model rats.@*METHODS@#Thirty-five male SD rats were randomly divided into a control group (n=10), a model group (n=18) and a guanethidine group (n=7). 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was adopted for 6-day free drinking to establish colitis model in the model group and the guanethidine group. On day 6 and 7, in the guanethidine group, guanethidine solution (30 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally for sympathetic block. On day 7, after injection of evans blue (EB) solution, the EB extravasation areas on the body surface were observed to investigate the distribution and physical-chemical characteristics of the sensitized area. The control area was set up, 0.5 cm away from the sensitized area, and with the same nerve segment innervation. Disease activity index (DAI) score of rats was compared between the normal group and the model group, and the morphological changes in the colon tissue were investigated with HE method. Using infrared thermal imaging technology and laser speckle flow imaging technology, skin temperature and blood infusion were determined in the sensitized area and the control area of the rats in the model group. Immunofluorescence technique was adopted to observe the expression levels of the positive nerve fibers of substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and the correlation with blood vessels; as well as the expression levels of SP positive nerve fibers/tryptase+ mast cells, and tryptase+ mast cells/5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in skin tissue in the sensitized area and the control area of the rats in the model group. MSD multi-level factorial method and ELISA were applied to determine the contents of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4 and IL-10) and anti-inflammatory substance corticosterone (CORT).@*RESULTS@#Sensitization occurred at the T12-S1 segments of the colitis model rats, especially at L2-L5 segments. Compared with the normal group, DAI score was increased in the rats of the model group (P<0.05), and the colonic mucosal damage was obvious, with the epithelial cells disordered, even disappeared, crypt destructed, submucosal edema and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated. In comparison with the control area, the skin temperature and blood infusion were increased in the sensitized area of the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01); as well as the expression levels of the positive nerve fibers of SP, CGRP and TH of skin tissue (P<0.05), which was specially distributed in peripheral vessels, the expression levels of SP positive nerve fibers/tryptase+ mast cells, and tryptase+ mast cells/5-HT of the skin tissue were all expanded (P<0.05) in the sensitized area of the model group. Compared with the model group, the number of sensitized areas was reduced in the guanethidine group (P<0.05). In comparison with the control area of the model group, in the sensitized area, the contents of pro-inflammatory cytokines, e.g. TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, and the anti-inflammatory substance CORT of skin tissue were all increased (P<0.05); and the contents of IL-6 and TNF-α were negatively correlated with CORT (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The sensitized areas on the body surface of colitis rats are mainly distributed in the L2-L5 segments. Sensory and sympathetic nerves are involved in the acupoint sensitization, and the sensitized areas may have the dynamic changes in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory substances.
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Animaux , Mâle , Rats , Anti-inflammatoires , Peptide relié au gène de la calcitonine/métabolisme , Colite/métabolisme , Cytokines/métabolisme , Guanéthidine , Interleukine-6 , Rat Sprague-Dawley , Sérotonine , Température cutanée , Substance P/génétique , Tryptases , Facteur de nécrose tumorale alphaRésumé
Objective@#To examine the correlation between atmospheric PM2.5 and emergency call for respiratory diseases.@*Methods@#The daily emergency call for respiratory and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases was collected from Hangzhou Emergency Medical Center from 2018 to 2020, and meteorological and atmospheric pollutant data were collected from Hangzhou Municipal Center for Ecological and Environmental Monitoring during the same period, including daily mean air temperature, daily mean relative humidity, PM2.5, PM10 and SO2 levels. The correlation between atmospheric PM2.5 and emergency call for respiratory and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases was examined using a generalized additive model, and the risk of emergency call was predicted using excessive risk (ER) and its 95%CI.@*Results@#The daily mean emergency call was 14 (interquartile range, 12) cases for respiratory diseases and 20 (interquartile range, 7) cases for cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in Hangzhou City from 2018 to 2020, and the daily mean PM2.5 mass concentration was 29.77 (interquartile range, 21.32) μg/m3. Cumulative exposure to PM2.5 for 5 or 6 d caused the largest effect on the emergency call for respiratory diseases, and an increase in PM2.5 by 10 μg/m3 led to a 1.93% (95%CI: 0.76%-3.11%) rise in the emergency call for respiratory diseases. Cumulative exposure to PM2.5 for 4 d caused the largest effect on the emergency call for cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, and an increase in PM2.5 by 10 μg/m3 led to a 1.88% (95%CI: 0.80%-2.97%) rise in the emergency call for cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Cumulative exposure to PM2.5 for 7 d caused the largest effect on the emergency call for respiratory diseases among residents aged 60 years and older, and an increase in PM2.5 by 10 μg/m3 led to a 4.37% (95%CI: 2.70%-6.06%) rise in the emergency call for respiratory diseases. Cumulative exposure to PM2.5 for 4 d caused the largest effect on the emergency call for cardio-cerebrovascular diseases among residents aged 60 years and older, and an increase in PM2.5 by 10 μg/m3 led to a 2.44% (95%CI: 0.97%-3.52%) rise in the emergency call for cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. However, exposure to PM2.5 had no marked effects on emergency call for respiratory or cardio-cerebrovascular diseases among residents aged <60 years.@*Conclusions@#Elevated atmospheric PM2.5 mass concentration may lead to an increase in the daily emergency calls for respiratory and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, notably among residents aged 60 years and older.
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Objective: Objective to investigate the health changes of patients with severe trimethyltin chloride (TMT) poisoning in four years. Methods: Six patients with severe TMT poisoning treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College in August 2016 were numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 respectively. The patients were followed up 0.5, 2 and 4 years after poisoning and compared and analyzed. The follow-up contents include: symptom degree, score of simple mental intelligence examination scale (MMSE) and modified Rankin Scale (MRS) , cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) , EEG, etc. Results: The symptoms of dizziness, headache, chest tightness, palpitation, nausea and vomiting decreased gradually in 6 patients. The symptoms of speech disorder and memory decline in No.1, 2 and 3 patients gradually increased, and the scores of MMSE and Mrs gradually decreased; Patients No.4, 5 and 6 had improved speech disorder, but their memory decreased, MMSE and Mrs scores were still flat, and mild cognitive impairment. The brain atrophy of No.1, 2 and 3 patients was aggravated, which showed obvious atrophy of hippocampus, temporal lobe, insular lobe and cerebellum and enlargement of ventricle; There was no significant change in brain atrophy in No.4, 5 and 6 patients. Conclusion: The neurotoxic symptoms in the later stage of severe TMT poisoning are still serious, and the neurotoxic time is long.
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Humains , Atrophie , Études de suivi , Imagerie par résonance magnétique , Triméthyl-stannanesRésumé
Myocardial ischemia (MI) causes somatic referred pain and sympathetic hyperactivity, and the role of sensory inputs from referred areas in cardiac function and sympathetic hyperactivity remain unclear. Here, in a rat model, we showed that MI not only led to referred mechanical hypersensitivity on the forelimbs and upper back, but also elicited sympathetic sprouting in the skin of the referred area and C8-T6 dorsal root ganglia, and increased cardiac sympathetic tone, indicating sympathetic-sensory coupling. Moreover, intensifying referred hyperalgesic inputs with noxious mechanical, thermal, and electro-stimulation (ES) of the forearm augmented sympathetic hyperactivity and regulated cardiac function, whereas deafferentation of the left brachial plexus diminished sympathoexcitation. Intradermal injection of the α2 adrenoceptor (α2AR) antagonist yohimbine and agonist dexmedetomidine in the forearm attenuated the cardiac adjustment by ES. Overall, these findings suggest that sensory inputs from the referred pain area contribute to cardiac functional adjustment via peripheral α2AR-mediated sympathetic-sensory coupling.
Sujets)
Animaux , Rats , Ganglions sensitifs des nerfs spinaux , Hyperalgésie/étiologie , Ischémie myocardique/complications , Douleur référée/complications , Système nerveux sympathiqueRésumé
Objective @#To explore the clinical value of monocyte count and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy ( DCM) .@*Methods @#A total of hosphospitalized 300 patients with chronic heart failure in DCM was selected and divided into NYHA Ⅱ , NYHA Ⅲ and NYHA Ⅳ group ( 100 patients) ,according to the cardiac function classification of New York Heart Association (NYHA) .In the same period,100 patients with organic heart disease and chronic heart failure were selected as the control group.The level of MHR , the relationship between MHR and N-terminal precur- sor B-type natriuretic peptide ( NT-pro BNP) ,and the relationship between MHR and echocardiographic indexes related to cardiac remodeling and cardiac function were observed and analyzed in DCM patients with chronic heart failure . @*Results @#The MHR of DCM patients with chronic heart failure was significantly higher than that of the con- trol group (P<0. 001) ,and there were differences among different grades of heart failure in the case group (P < 0. 05) .After controlling the influence of gender,it was found that MHR was positively correlated with left atrial di- ameter (LAD) ,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) ,left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) and NT-pro BNP.It was negatively correlated with LVEF.Correlation analysis showed that MHR was positively cor- related with left atrial diameter (LAD) ,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) ,left ventricular end-sys- tolic diameter (LVESD) and NT-pro BNP (P<0. 05) ,and negatively correlated with LVEF (P<0. 05) .The di- agnostic value of MHR combined with NT-pro BNP ( AUC = 0. 983 ) was higher than that of NT-pro BNP alone (AUC = 0. 974) (P<0. 05) .These results suggested that MHR might be associated with cardiac remodeling and cardiac function in DCM.The higher the MHR , the more pronounced the cardiac remodeling of DCM,and the more severe the heart failure.The combination of MHR and NT-pro BNP might further improve the diagnostic efficacy of NT-pro BNP in chronic heart failure in DCM.@*Conclusion @#Clinically,MHR can be used as an evaluation index of the presence of chronic heart failure and the severity of HF in DCM patients.The combined measurement of MHR and NT-pro BNP may be more conducive to improve the sensitivity and specificity of the clinical diagnosis of DCM chronic HF,so as to identify and accurately implement the standardized treatment of DCM chronic HF earlier.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical significance and biological effect of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) NRSN2-AS1 in ovarian cancer.Methods:The expression of NRSN2-AS1 was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) in 84 cases of ovarian cancer tissues and corresponding normal adjacent tissues, and the relationship between NRSN2-AS1 expression and clinical data of patients was analyzed. Human ovarian epithelial cells HOSEpiC and human ovarian cancer cells A2780 and OVCAR3 were cultured in vitro, and overexpression or interference of NRSN2-AS1 and control plasmids were respectively transfected into A2780 and OVCAR3 cells as the blank group, overexpression group and control group, interference group. CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation, while transwell invasion and migration assay were used to detect the change of cell metastasis ability, RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the expressions of SRY related HMG box transcription factor 12 (SOX12), a potential downstream gene of NRSN2-AS1.Results:The expressions of NRSN2-AS1 in ovarian cancer tissues and cells were significantly higher than normal adjacent tissues, and the high expression of NRSN2-AS1 was significantly correlated with poor prognosis, lymph node metastasis and high clinical stage ( P<0.05). In the blank and overexpression group, the expressions of NRSN2-AS1 were 1.00±0.08 and 5.78±0.41, the expressions of SOX12 mRNA were 1.00±0.10 and 3.08±0.23, the expression of SOX12 protein were 1.00±0.08 and 7.26±0.39, the invasion cells per field were 22.7±4.9 and 79.0±6.2, and the migration cells per field were 26.5±4.1 and 43.5±4.5. In the control and interference group, the expression of NRSN2-AS1 were 1.00±0.11 and 0.37±0.04, the expressions of SOX12 mRNA were 1.00±0.07 and 0.59±0.05, the expression of SOX12 protein were 1.00±0.07 and 0.36±0.03, the invasion cells per field were 68.3±6.1 and 30.6±5.5, and the migration cells per field were 85.2±7.0 and 22.7±4.2. Compared with the blank group, the expression of SOX12 mRNA and protein in the overexpression group was significantly increased ( P<0.05), and the cell proliferation and metastasis ability were significantly enhanced ( P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression of SOX12 mRNA and protein in the interference group was significantly decreased, and the ability of cell proliferation and metastasis was suppressed significantly ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:The expression of NRSN2-AS1 is up-regulated in ovarian cancer, which is closely related to poor prognosis and progression of ovarian cancer. NRSN2-AS1 can promote the expression of SOX12 and the malignant behavior of ovarian cancer cells in vitro.
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Objective:To learn about the knowledge and practice of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) prevention and control among main caregivers of pregnant women in trimester and its related influencing factors, so as to provide a scientific basis for effectively improving the iodine nutrition level of pregnant women.Methods:In April 2020, using the stratified sampling method, 2 districts and counties were selected in the urban, suburban and rural areas of Hangzhou City, respectively, and 5 maternal and child health care institutions were selected as the survey sites in each district and county according to the five directions of East, West, South, North and Middle. A face-to-face questionnaire investigation was used to investigate the knowledge and practice of IDD prevention and control among main caregivers of pregnant women.Results:Totally 601 caregivers of pregnant women were investigated. Among them, 68.9% (414/601) knew that eating iodized salt was the best way to prevent IDD. However, 15.0% (90/601) thought that eating seafood was the best way to prevent IDD. And 41.9% (252/601) caregivers of pregnant women would actively purchase iodine-rich food for cooking, and 63.6% (382/601) would choose iodized salt. There were statistically significant differences in the knowledge and practice of IDD prevention and control among caregivers of pregnant women in urban, suburban and rural areas ( P < 0.05). And 50.3% (87/173) male caregivers would actively purchase iodine-rich food for cooking, which was higher than that of female caregivers [38.6% (165/428)], the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 6.97, P = 0.008). There was a statistically significant difference between the caregivers of pregnant women of different ages in actively purchasing iodine-rich food for cooking (χ 2 = 12.61, P = 0.013). And there were statistically significant differences between the caregivers of pregnant women with different educational levels in actively purchasing iodine-rich food for cooking and choosing iodized salt (χ 2 = 29.34, 39.42, P < 0.001). Conclusions:The awareness of knowledge about IDD prevention and control and the formation of prevention and control behavior among caregivers of pregnant women in Hangzhou City are poor. Active education of caregivers of pregnant women should be strengthened to promote maternal and infant health.
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Objective:To investigate the levels of gross radioactivity in drinking water in Hangzhou city before and after Qiandao Lake as the water source to the main urban area of Hangzhou.Methods:Since 2012, water samples were collected from water source, factory water and peripheral water in rainy and dry seasons, respectively, to determine their gross α and β activity concentrations for comparison and analysis.Results:The gross radioactivity levels in drinking water in Hangzhou are lower than the limits specified in the national standard "Standards for drinking water quality" (GB 5749-2006), without statistically significant difference for these water sources between the rainy and dry season ( P>0.05). The gross α(0.008±0.000)and gross β(0.034±0.013)levels in Qiandao lake were both less than those in Qiantang river ( Z=-3.235, -4.058, P<0.05), with significant difference ( Z=-2.181, -4.577, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in gross α and gross β in factory water and peripheral water before and after the operation of Qiandao Lake water supply project ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The gross radioactivity in drinking water in downtown Hangzhou are low from 2012 to 2020. The gross radioactivity levels in Qiandao Lake are lower than in the lower reaches of Qiantang river and Dongtiao steam. No impact was generated on radioactivity levels in drinking water after Qiandao lake supplied water to Hangzhou.