RÉSUMÉ
The effects of the conditions of microarc oxidation (MAO) and hydrothermal treatments on the formation of micro-nano hybrid surface on titanium has been studied. Titanium metals were microarc oxidized using the electrolyte containing Ca and P ions for 30, 60, 120, 180, and 240 s, respectively. These MAO-treated specimens were hydrothermally treated using alkaline solution (HT-treatment) or P-containing alkaline solution (HTP-treatment). The porous morphology was appeared after MAO treatment for more than 60 s. The Ca and P ions in oxide layer were detected clearly after MAO treatment for 120 s, and their contents increased as MAO-treatment time increased. After hydrothermal treatment, micro-sized hydroxyapatite (HAp) and nano-sized TiO2 crystallites were formed on porous surfaces. The size of HAp crystallites formed by HTP-treatment was larger than that formed by HT-treatment, while the size of TiO2 crystallites showed the opposite tendency. Surface roughness of MAO-treated groups increased with MAO-treatment time. After hydrothermal treatment, the roughnesses of the specimens MAO-treated for 30 and 60 s decreased, while the roughness increased after MAO treatment for 120 s. The hydrophilicity of MAO-treated specimens increased with MAO-treatment time. The hydrophilicity of the specimens MAO-treated for 30 and 60 s decreased after hydrothermal treatment. However, the hydrophilicity of the specimens treated with MAO over 120 s and subsequent HT- or HTP- treatments increased with the formation of HAp on their surfaces.
RÉSUMÉ
The effects of the conditions of microarc oxidation (MAO) and hydrothermal treatments on the formation of micro-nano hybrid surface on titanium has been studied. Titanium metals were microarc oxidized using the electrolyte containing Ca and P ions for 30, 60, 120, 180, and 240 s, respectively. These MAO-treated specimens were hydrothermally treated using alkaline solution (HT-treatment) or P-containing alkaline solution (HTP-treatment). The porous morphology was appeared after MAO treatment for more than 60 s. The Ca and P ions in oxide layer were detected clearly after MAO treatment for 120 s, and their contents increased as MAO-treatment time increased. After hydrothermal treatment, micro-sized hydroxyapatite (HAp) and nano-sized TiO2 crystallites were formed on porous surfaces. The size of HAp crystallites formed by HTP-treatment was larger than that formed by HT-treatment, while the size of TiO2 crystallites showed the opposite tendency. Surface roughness of MAO-treated groups increased with MAO-treatment time. After hydrothermal treatment, the roughnesses of the specimens MAO-treated for 30 and 60 s decreased, while the roughness increased after MAO treatment for 120 s. The hydrophilicity of MAO-treated specimens increased with MAO-treatment time. The hydrophilicity of the specimens MAO-treated for 30 and 60 s decreased after hydrothermal treatment. However, the hydrophilicity of the specimens treated with MAO over 120 s and subsequent HT- or HTP- treatments increased with the formation of HAp on their surfaces.
RÉSUMÉ
We have recently experienced a case of prune-belly syndrome, in 119/12-year-old male child with congenital defects of abdominal muscles, cryptorchidism, hydronephrosis, megacystis and spina bifida. Diagnosis was confirmed by EMG, IVP, retrograde cystogram, radiorenogram & renal scanning, and roentgenologic examinations. The patient in this report may be one of the most long-term survival case reported in korean literature.