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Objective@#To determine the association between the intake of five major types of prepackaged foods and the growth and development of school aged children, so as to provide a theoretical basis for guiding school aged children and their parents to make healthy prepackaged food choices.@*Methods@#Based on data from the South West China Childhood Nutrition and Growth Cohort (SCCNG), 381 children (6-11 years of age) were selected by stratified cluster sampling. Dietary intake and pubertal development were collected using questionnaires, and anthropometric measurements were obtained. Children were followed up until November 2022. Binary Logistic regression models were used to analyze the prospective association between prepackaged food intake and the growth and development of school aged children.@*Results@#The total intake of the five major types of prepackaged foods was 316.1 (197.1,501.4) g/d. After 2 years of follow up evaluations, 16.5% of school aged children were shown to be overweight and obese. Early spermarche occurred in 12.6% of boys and early menarche occurred in 15.4% of girls. The following findings were suggested after adjusting for the mothers education level, average gross monthly family income, whether or not the family had one child only, geographic area of residence, body mass index Z score, average duration of daily exercise, and total dietary energy intake: convenience food intake might increase the risk of early spermarche ( OR =9.37); fruit and vegetable intake might decrease the risk of early spermarche and menarche ( OR =0.33,0.17); and fish, poultry, meat, and egg intake might increase the risk of early menarche ( OR =7.59)( P <0.05). Intake of the five types of prepackaged foods was not associated with being overweight or obese after adjusting for confounders ( OR =1.40, 0.57, 0.73, 1.33,1.57, P >0.05).@*Conclusions@#The relationship between intake of the five major types of prepackaged foods and pubertal development is inconsistent and no significant correlation was detected between the intake of prepackaged foods and overweight or obese children. Nutrition education should be strengthened to help children and their parents choose healthy prepackaged foods.
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BACKGROUND:In recent years,many studies have confirmed that assembloids can make up for the shortcomings of organoids,which cannot fully reproduce the interaction between cell and cell and between cell and matrix.Since the assembloids construction methods are in the early stage of development,there is no unified standard. OBJECTIVE:To review the current construction methods,applications,advantages,and disadvantages of assembloids,guide the development and improvement of vitro cell models. METHODS:PubMed,CNKI,and WanFang databases were searched with English search terms"assembloids,organoids,tumor microenvironment,organoids AND assemble,organoids AND microenvironment"and Chinese search terms"assembloids,organoids,tumor microenvironment,organoid reorganization,multicellular model".Totally 94 articles were screened out for review after excluding irrelevant articles and deduplication. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)According to the different sources of cells,the construction of assembloids can be divided into three methods:self-assembly,direct-assembly,and mixed-assembly.According to the differences of cell culture methods,it can be divided into suspension culture method,matrix culture method,organ chip culture method,and 3D bio-printing.(2)The process of self-assembly covers early stages of cell and tissue development,so it has broad prospects in the fields of organ development and developmental disorders.The function of differentiated mature cells is relatively perfect,and the assembloids directly assembled by them have more potential in the study of functional disorders and cell-damaging diseases.Self-assembly may be better in organ transplantation,and direct-assembly will be more suitable for the repair of tissue damage.Mixed-assembly combines the advantages of the former two and is mostly used to explore the physiological and pathological mechanisms of cells in the microenvironment,as well as drug screening.(3)Although different assembloids have their own advantages,they all face the problem of imperfect vasculature system,then,each method has its own limitations,for example,the degree of cell differentiation in self-assembly assembloids may still be different from that in vivo,and the fixed cell types in direct-assembly models cannot simulate complex microenvironments in vivo.These are urgent problems to be solved.(4)In the future,with the continuous improvement of assembloids culture technology,scientists can assemble biomimetic organoids with more complex tissues in vitro,providing infinitely realistic models for the study of physiological and pathological processes of human tissue and organ.
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Objective:To explore the surgical procedure and effect of reconstruction of soft tissue defects in the distal segment of dorsal finger with a perforator(joint branch) flap of proper palmar digital artery combined with a dorsal metacarpal artery flap.Methods:From January 2019 to June 2022, 9 patients with soft tissue defects in distal dorsal finger, mostly with avulsion at the extensor tendon insertion point, were treated in Department of Hand and Foot Microsurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. The defect areas were 1.0 cm×1.0 cm-2.5 cm×2.0 cm. Steel wires were used to reconstruct the extensor tendon insertion point. The defects were reconstructed by a perforator(joint) flap of proximal phalanx artery and a dorsal metacarpal artery flap was used to repair the donor site for proximal flap. Postoperative follow-up and evaluation included flap survival, flap appearance, scars and function of interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints, through outpatient clinical, WeChat and so on.Results:The flap of digital artery perforator (joint branch) and the fasciocutaneous flap of dorsal metacarpal artery all survived. One flap of the digital artery perforator(joint branch) appeared purple and tension blisters after surgery. The stitches of the pedicle of the flap were partially dismantled at 36-48 hours after surgery. The flap was then turned to ruddy in colour 7 days after surgery. The wounds of the distal finger joint and nail bed healed well without redness and infection. The postoperative follow-up lasted for 5 to 12 months, 9 months in average. The appearance, colour and texture of the skin at distal finger were similar to those at the dorsal proximal finger and dorsal palm. Sensation recovered well, all flaps exceeding S 3. The two-point resolution (TPD) was 8-10 mm, with an average of 9.5 mm. According to the Evaluation Standard of Upper Limb Partial Functional of Hand Surgery of Chinese Medical Association, 5 cases were in excellent and 4 in good. Conclusion:The perforator(joint branch) flap of proper palmar digital artery combined with a dorsal metacarpal artery flap is simple and safe treatment. It has a fast functional recovery with an aesthetic appearance in reconstruction of the soft tissue defect in distal segment of dorsal finger.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of bilateral anteriolateral thigh perforator flaps (ALTPF) pedicled with descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery in series on reconstruction of large soft tissue defects in lower limbs.Methods:A total of 9 patients with large soft tissue defects in lower limbs were selected in the study. The patients were 6 males and 3 females aged between 18 and 57 years old. They were treated in the Department of Hand and Foot Microsurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from June 2018 to January 2023. Causes of injury: 4 of traffic accident, 2 of crushing, 2 of falling from height and 1 of explosion. Five patients had combined defects in dorsal feet and 4 with tibia fractures and anterior-and-posterior-tibial soft tissue defects. All affected limbs had tissue necroses and infections in various degrees. Deep tissue defects such as tendons, nerves, bones and joints or orthopaedic implants were exposed. The areas of soft tissue defects were 30 cm×14 cm-42 cm×14 cm. All the defects were reconstructed by the bilateral ALTPF pedicled with descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery in series. The size of proximal flaps was 25 cm×8 cm-33 cm×13 cm and 20 cm×7 cm-29 cm×13 cm for the distal flaps. Scheduled postoperative follow-ups were conducted to observe the survival of the transferred flaps and functional recovery of calfs and feet. Sensory recovery was assessed against British Medical Research Council (BMRC) criteria. Puno scoring was used to assess the functional recovery and the effectiveness of treatment.Results:All flaps survived and the donor sites healed well. One patient developed vascular compromise within 24 hours after surgery, but it was rectified after timely surgical exploration, however it left with a small area of necrosis at distal end of the flap. The necrosis and wound healed after skin grafting in stage-two surgery. Postoperative follow-up lasted for 8.3 months in average. Two patients underwent flap thinning in stage-two surgery due to bloating appearance, 2 patients had slightly bloated flaps at the calfs, and the rest of 5 patients had satisfactory flap appearance. Two patients received nerve reconstruction by anastomosis of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerves. At the final follow-up, the sensory recovery in 9 patients achieved S 2-S 3+ according to BMRC. The average Puno score achieved 88.36 point±5.36 point, of which 4 patients in excellent, 3 in good and 2 in fair. Conclusion:The use of bilateral ALTPF pedicled with descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery in series to reconstruct a large soft tissue defect in lower extremity has a good clinical value, and it has become one of the effective methods.
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Purpose@#Anxiety, depression, and poor quality of life (QOL) were considered important concerns that hindered the rehabilitation of breast cancer survivors. A number of studies have investigated the effects of physical activity, but they have not reached the same conclusions. This review aimed to identify the effects of physical activity on QOL, anxiety, and depression in breast cancer survivors. @*Methods@#PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, SinoMed, CNKI, Vip, and WanFang databases were searched for the time period between January 1, 2012, and April 30, 2022. Studies were included if they were randomized controlled trials of the effects of physical activity on QOL, anxiety, or depression in breast cancer survivors. The tools of the Joanna Briggs Institute were used to assess the quality of the included studies. R software version 4.3.1 was used for meta-analysis. @*Results@#A total of 26 studies, involving 2105 participants, were included in the systematic review. Among these, 20 studies involving 1228 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with the control group, the results indicated that physical activity can significantly improve QOL(Hedges' g = 0.67; 95% CI 0.41–0.92) and reduce anxiety (Hedges' g = −0.28; 95% CI −0.46 to −0.10) in breast cancer survivors. However, the effect of physical activity on depression (Hedges' g = −0.46; 95% CI −0.99 to 0.06) was not statistically significant. @*Conclusions@#Physical activity was an effective intervention to improve QOL and reduce anxiety in breast cancer survivors, as well as showed positive trends in depression, although without statistical significance. More well-designed studies are required to clarify the effects of different types of physical activities on the QOL, anxiety, and depression among breast cancer survivors.
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Objective: Due to the complicated compounds and the synergistic effect of multi-compounds, the quality control and assessment of Chinese materia medica (CMM) encounters a great challenge about how to identify the key compounds, which are directly correlated with its efficacy and safety. On the guidance of study on quality marker (Q-Marker), identification of Q-Markers was performed from Hedan Tablet (HDT) by the aid of the “spider-web” mode and hepatotoxicity evaluation derived from our previous researches and literatures. Methods: By the established ultra performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector (UPLC-PDA) method, online UPLC-DPPH· and offline antioxidant assay, 21 candidate compounds of HDT were systematically investigated and comprehensively evaluated by the “spider-web” mode for them properties of Q-Marker based on “content-stability-activity”. In addition, the Q-Markers related with hepatotoxicity based on our previous researches and literatures were identified. Results: Salvianolic acid B (SaB), quercetin-3-O-glucuronide (Qug), isoquercitrin (IQ) and hyperoside (Hyp) were adopted as the preferable Q-Markers of HDT according to the shaded area (A) of tested compounds in “spider-web” mode. Psoralen (Ps), isopsoralen (IP), psoralenoside (PO) and isopsoralenoside (IPO) were also strongly recommended as Q-Markers closely related with safety by considering hepatotoxicity of the accumulated Ps and IP and conversion between glycoside (PO and IPO) and aglycone (Ps and IP). Conclusion: This study provided scientific evidence for quality control and assessment of HDT, and also provided a meaningful reference for application of Q-Markers in CMM.
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This article reported 2 cases primary renal Ewing sarcoma (PRES)/primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET). By reviewing literature, renal PRES/PNET has a high degree of malignancy, and early symptoms are not typical. It needs to be combined with clinical manifestations, imaging examinations and pathological examination results. At present, surgical treatment is the main treatment, combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy or targeted treatment might help.
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Objective To explore the effect of acupuncture plus neuromuscular electrical stimulation and cold stimulation on children with swallowing disorders caused by viral encephalitis.Methods A total of 322 chil dren with dysphagia subsequent to viral encephalitis were randomly divided into an acupuncture + cold stimulation group (group A,n=107),an electrical stimulation + cold stimulation group (group E,n=107) and an acupuncture + electric stimulation + cold stimulation group (group C,n=108) using a random number table.The treatments were applied in two courses each of 14 days with an interval of two days between the courses.Before and after the treatment,the total effectiveness rates and the incidence of aspiration pneumonia and malnutrition were ana lyzed.The children's swallowing function was evaluated using a standardized swallowing assessment (SSA),while the severity of dysphagia was assessed using dysphagia outcome and severity scale (DOSS) based on videofluorescopic imaging.Results There were no significant differences in any of the outcome measures before the treatment.Afterward the total effectiveness rate in group A was 76％,significantly higher than in group E (62％) but significantly lower than in group C (91％).There was significant improvement in the average SSA and DOSS scores of all 3 groups.Compared with group A,the average SSA score of group E was higher while the average DOSS score was lower.For group C the relationship was the opposite,with the average SSA score significantly higher and the average DOSS score significantly lower.After the treatment there were no significant differences between groups A and E in the incidence of aspiration pneumonia or malnutrition,but the incidence of both in group C was significantly lower than in groups A and E.Conclusion Acupuncture administered together with electrical and cold stimulation can significantly improve dysphagia and lower the incidence of aspiration pneumonia and malnutrition for children with viral encephalitis.
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Objective To analyze the effect of 30 min action observation training combined with rehabilita－tion therapy on resting state visual analogue score ( R －VAS), passive movement state visual analogue score (P－VAS) and Beck depression index (BDI) scores in early stroke patients with hemiplegia .Methods From June 2016 to December 2017,86 patients with early stroke and hemiplegia treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Tai 'an Medical College were selected in the research .According to the random number table method , the patients were randomly divided into control group and combined group ,with 43 cases in each group.The control group was given routine rehabilitation treatment ,and the combined group was given 30 min action observation training on the basis of the control group.The differences of BDI,R－VAS and P－VAS were compared between the two groups before and after 1 month of treatment.Results The scores of P－VAS[(5.14 ±1.47)points]and R－VAS[(8.14 ±1.53)pionts] in the combined group were significantly lower than before treatment (t＝11.42,10.31,all P＜0.01),and the scores of the combined group were significantly lower than those of the control group (t＝9.27,8.94,all P＜0.01).The P－VAS and R －VAS scores in the control group after treatment showed no statistically significant differences compared with those before treatment(t ＝0.78,1.69,all P＞0.05).After treatment,the BDI scale scores of the combined group and control group were significantly lower than those before treatment (t＝6.43,2.29,all P＜0.05), and the score of the combined group was significantly lower than that of the control group (t＝4.44,P ＜0.05). Conclusion The 30 min exercise observation and training combined with rehabilitation therapy can effectively relieve the pain and other discomfort of early stroke patients with hemiplegia ,and can accelerate the recovery of upper limb movement function,so it has good clinical value .
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Objective To explore the expression of sex determining region Y-box 18 (SOX18) in prostate cancer(PCa) and its role on prostate cancer cells.Methods The expression of SOX18 in 98 PCa tissues and 81 adjacent non-tumor tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry.The expression of SOX18 mRNA and protein in PCa cell lines were detected by q-PCR and Western blotting analysis,respectively.After knocking down SOX18 with si-RNA,the proliferation,migration and invasion of PCa cells were analyzed by CCK8,Transwell and Matrigel assays in vitro.Results The rate of high SOX18 expression in prostate cancer tissues was 73.5％ (72/98),which was higher than that in adjacent normal tissues (43.2％,35/81) (P ＜ 0.01).In addition,the rates of high SOX18 expression in clinical stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ [83.7 ％ (36/43) vs.65.5 ％ (36/55),x2 =4.131,P =0.042],pathological grading G3-4 [88.6％ (39/ 44) vs.61.7％ (33/54),x2 =9.424,P =0.002] and Gleason scores ≥ 8 [85.0％ (34/40) vs.65.0％ (38/58),x2 =4.610,P =0.032] groups were higher than those in clinical stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ,pathological grading G1-2 and Gleason scores ≤7 groups.However,there were no differences in the rate of high SOX18 expression in different age groups [77.3％ (38/54) vs.70.4％ (34/44),x2 =0.539,P =0.441].Knockdown of SOX18 notably suppressed the proliferation,migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells.Conclusions SOX18 is over-expressed in prostate cancer,and could promote the proliferation,migration and invasion ability of prostate cancer cells.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of duration of subcutaneous injection on the extent of bruising at injection sites among patients receiving low- molecular weight heparin. Methods Randomized clinical trials and quasi-experimental within-subject design that assessed the effect of subcutaneous duration on the bruising of injection sites were selected in Cochrane library, JBI evidence-based practice medical and nursing database, PubMed biomedical information retrieval platform, Medline general medical literature retrieval database. RevMan5.3 software was used to analyze the data after quality assessment, and data extraction were made for eligible trials. Results A total of 9 trials were included. The results of Meta-analysis supported the 30 s duration injection technique on reducing the rate of bruising of injection sites than 10 s duration injection technique (odds ratio was 0.34,95%confidence interval 0.25-0.47, P 0.05). Conclusions Increasing the length of low-molecular weight heparin subcutaneous injection can reduce the rate of bruising. While it could not effectively reduce the area.
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Objective To evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).Methods We studied 200 patients with prostate cancer who were treated with primary ADT in Peking University People's Hospital from June 2014 to June 2015.The patients'average age was 73.9 years.The mean PSA level was 21.57 ng/ml when they were diagnosed with prostate cancer.Of these 200 patients,79％ (158/200) were localized and seclected ADT therapy due to age,body condition,basic diseases or individual will.21％ (42/200) were locally advanced or metastasic,which accord with the indication of ADT therapy.The scales,including the MOS item short from health survey (SF-36),Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General module (FACT-G),Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate instrument (FACT-P),Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were used to evaluate their HRQOL.Results According to results of SF36,the physical health component score and mental health component score was 67.41 ± 16.39 and 64.81 ± 17.51,respectively.They indicated that the overall quality of life of these patients was at an acceptable level.And the average score of all domains exceeded 60 except general health domain,which the score was only 40.03 ± 21.89.When it comes to FACT-P,the sum score,emotional well-being score and prostate cancer component score were 8.15 ± 3.72,12.30 ± 4.04 and 77.41 ± 9.95,respectively,which were less than half of their respective top score.However the physical well-being score was 20.41 ±4.29,which was a relatively satisfactory value.In addition,61％ (121/200) patient selected not at all in item I am able to have and keep an erection.The score of SDS and SAS was 46.76 ± 8.29 and 43.25 ±9.69,respectively.And there were 23.0％ (46/200) and 21.5％ (43/200) patiens exhibited depression and anxiety,respectively.Conclusion In the present study,the prostate cancer patients receiving ADT showed acceptable HRQOL,but some patients sufferd from depression,anxiety and erectile dysfunction.
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Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) and Quadrant minimally invasive system in treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Methods 59 single-level LDH patients were randomly divided into PTED group (n = 31) and Quadrant group (n = 28). Then compare the operative time, incision length, blood loss, length of hospital stay, and the return-to-work time between the two groups. In addition, visual analogue scale (VAS), Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA), Oswestry disability index (ODI), and modified MacNab criteria were used for surgical efficacy evaluation. Results In PTED group, compared with Quadrant group, we observed, shorter incision length, less blood loss, shorter hospital stay, and shorter time of returning to work (P 0.05). According to the improved MacNab criteria, there was no significant difference in excellent or good rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion The clinical results of PTED and Quadrant minimally invasive system in treatment of lumbar disc herniation were satisfactory, and PTED were less traumatic method with rapid recovery.
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Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with Humalog 25R and Humulin 70/30.Methods120 patients with type 2 diabetes were collected in The first people's Hospital of Jiande in the 3 years, the cases of patients were randomly divided into control group (60 cases) and observation group (60 cases);for the patients in the control group were treated with Humulin 70/30, the patients in the observation group were treated with Humalog 25, compared the experimental data between the two groups.ResultsThe clinical symptoms of the observation group were better than those of the control group after treatment, the clinical effect of the observation group was better than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionThe treatment of type 2 diabetes patients with Humalog 25 can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients, the treatment effect is good, worthy of clinical application.
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To investigate the clinical applications of robot-assisted radical cystectomy with orthotopic ileal neobladder [RARC-INB] and make a preliminary summary. Retrospective analysis the clinical data of 12 patients underwent robotic bladder cancer [da vinci surgical system] assisted laparoscopic cystectomy with ileal orthotopic neobladder from March 2015 to April 2015. 12 cases were successful, with no surgical intervention, and organ damage occurred. The operation time was 330470 min, which average [390.0 +/- 61.5] min; blood loss was 90870 ml, which average [185.0 +/- 88.3] ml. One case of intraoperative blood transfusion was 400 ml. The enjoin eating time of postoperative intestinal ventilation was 36 d, and the average time was [4.0 +/- 1.5] d. Removal of ureteral stents time was 1428 d and the average time was [21 +/- 7] d. Removal of the catheter time was 1828 d and the average time was [23 +/- 5] d. Postoperative hospital stay 1929 d and the average time was [24 +/- 5] dRARC-INB make the surgical tends to simplify, which was conducive to surgeon intraoperative control and assurance. RARC-INB make the surgical tends to use less trauma, less bleeding, complete lymphadenectomy, quick recovery, etc. It is a safe, effective and reliablethe method in the treatment of invasive bladder cancer. So the method should be widely applied
Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Sujet âgé , Adulte , Maladies de l'iléon , Soins préopératoires , Études rétrospectives , Tumeurs de la vessie urinaire , Interventions chirurgicales robotisées , LaparoscopieRésumé
Objective:To investigate the expression of MEK/ERK signaling pathways in renal cell car-cinoma with bone metastasis,and to analyze the differences of expressions of VEGFR-2,MEK,ERK on the primary and metastasis tissue and its mechanism.Methods:The tissue samples were obtained from 7 renal cell carcinoma patients kindly provided by Department of Urology,Peking University People’s Hos-pital from January 1,2009 to January 1,2010.The expression of MEK/ERK signaling pathways was de-tected in the 7 renal cell carcinoma patients`primary and matched metastatic tissues with ICH,The anti-body concentrations were 1 ∶200,1 ∶25,and 1 ∶250,respectively.The mutation of the twentieth exon of the PDGFRA gene,the second exon of the K-ras gene,the fifteenth exon of the Brafgene and the se-cond exon of the MEK1 gene were detected with PCR.Results:The expression intensities of VEGFR-2, MEK,and ERK were measured by H-score [intensity (1,2,3,or 4)multiplied by the distribution (%)].VEGFR-2,MEK,and ERK expressions were divided into 3 groups according to the positive dis-tribution of the tumor cells:1,0 -5%;2,6% -50%;and 3,>50%,To assess intratumor heteroge-neity,three distinct microscopic fields (×200)from each specimen were used to evaluate the expres-sions,Subsequently,the scores were averaged to obtain a single concatenated score for each tissue. VEGFR-2,MEK,and ERK expressions were assessed by 2 independent pathologists who were blinded to the clinicopathological data.The data were expressed as the mean value of the triplicate experiments.The expressions of MEK,and ERK were higher in the metastatic tissues than in the matched RCC tissues (6.10 ±4.10 vs.1.33 ±0.51,P =0.015;9.10 ±2.24 vs.4.43 ±2.84,P =0.021 )while the ex-pression of VEGFR-2 was not different between the primary and metastatic tissues (P =0.901).No mu-tation was detected on the twentieth exon of the PDGFRA gene,the second exon of the K-ras gene,the fifteenth exon of the Brafgene and the second exon of the MEK1 gene.Conclusion:MEK/ERK signa-ling pathways may play an important role in the metastasis and the resistance of sunitinib in RCC patients with bone metastasis.
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Objective:To investigate the association between metabolic factors,such as obesity,blood pressure,blood glucose,serum lipid profile,and the histopathological characteristics of renal cell carci-noma.Methods:The medical records of 382 consecutive renal cell carcinoma patients who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy at Peking University People’s Hospital from January 2009 to January 2015 were retrospectively reviewed.Metabolic factors were collected from the records,including weight,body mass index,waist circumstance,blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,serum total triglyceride,serum total cholesterol,serum low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and serum high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. The patients were divided into different groups according to tumor grade,stage and diameter.Statistics analysis,such as t test,Mann-Whitney U test and Logistic analysis,were performed to investigate the as-sociation between metabolic factors and grade,stage and tumor diameter of renal cell carcinoma.Re-sults:A total of 80 (20.94%)of the tumors were classified as high grade disease,63 (16.49%)were classified as advanced disease and 153 (40.05%)tumor diameter more than 4 cm.The patients in high grade group were found to have lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level than in low grade group (P =0.015),body mass index,total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol were found to be lower in advanced disease than in localized disease (P =0.022,P =0.005 and P =0.006,respec-tively),and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol was found to be lower in larger tumors (P =0.030). Other factors were comparable between the different groups.The results of Logistic analyses showed that, body mass index (OR =0.906,95%CI:0.852 -0.986,P =0.023)and total cholesterol (OR =0.660,95%CI:0.492 -0.884,P =0.005)were associated with the tumor stage,high-density lipopro-tein-cholesterol level was significantly associated with tumor grade (OR =0.293,95% CI:0.108 -0.797,P =0.016)and stage (OR =0.204,95%CI:0.065 -0.635,P =0.006),and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level was significantly associated with tumor diameter (OR =0.756,95% CI:0.586 -0.975,P =0.031).Conclusion:The results of our study indicate that metabolic factors,espe-cially obesity and serum lipid profile,are closely related with the histopathological characteristics of renal cell carcinoma.
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Objective To investigate the iodine nutrition level of vulnerable people in Inner Mongolia after adjustment of iodized salt standard and to provide theoretical bases for scientific iodine supplementation. Methods In 2013, 3 cities were selected from eastern, central and western parts of Inner Mongolia in accordance with the random number table, 3 or 4 counties were selected from each target city, 5 units according to their sub-area position of east, south, west, north and center were selected from each county, and then 1 township was selected from each unit, 5 groups of target population including school children aged 8- 10, women of childbearing age, pregnant and lactating women and infants each at least 10 people were investigated in each township. Edible salt samples from their homes and urine samples were collected. The direct titration method among the generic methods of iodide testing for salt production industry (GB/T 13025.7-2012) was used to determine the salt iodine level, and As3+-Ce4+catalytic spectrophotometry using ammonium per sulfate digestion (WS/T 107-2009) was used to test the urinary iodine level. Results Totally 3 300 samples of edible salt from local residents had been examined and median iodine was 26.20 mg/kg. The median of urinary iodine was 190.6μg/L of 1 289 school-age children;was 183.6μg/L of 621 women of childbearing age; was 178.2 μg/L o f 876 pregnant women; was 178.6 μg/L of 664 lactating women and was 167.7μg/L of 599 infants. Conclusion After adjustment of iodized salt standard, iodine nutrition level is suitable in all vulnerable people.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H .pylori)infection in type 2 diabetic patients and its effects on diabetic gastroparesis.Methods Prospective clinical case-control study was applied.From January 2011 to December 2013,125 hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes and 142 healthy controls without dyspeptic symptoms were enrolled.The prevalence of H .pylori infection and the incidence of gastroparesis in 125 patients with diabetes were investigated in both two groups.The patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into groups according to the course of the disease,and the prevalence of gastroparesis and H .pylori infection of each group were analyzed.The patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy controls confirmed with H .pylori infection were treated with eradication therapy,the rate of eradication of two groups was compared.The improved symptoms of gastroparesis before and after eradication therapy of patients with type 2 diabetes were compared.The chi-square test was performed for statistical analysis.Results The prevalence of H .pylori infection in type 2 diabetic patients was 66.4%(83/125),which was significantly higher than that of healthy control group (51 .4%,73/142 )(χ2 =5 .549,P <0.05).The prevalence of gastroparesis in diabetic patients with the disease course less than 10 years,10 to 20 years and more than 20 years was 33.8% (27/80 ),47.1 % (16/34 )and 8/11 , respectively.The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 6.554,P < 0.05).The prevalence of H .pylori infection in patients with gastroparesis was 78.4% (40/51 ),which was significantly higher than that of patients without gastroparesis (58.1 %,43/74)(χ2 =4.716,P <0.05).The eradication rate of H .pylori infection in patients with type 2 diabetes was 68.7% (57/83),which was lower than that of healthy control group (87.8%,36/41),and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =4.385 ,P <0.05).The incidence of epigastric pain and distension,early satiety and apocleisis before H .pylori eradication in type 2 diabetes patients was 75 .9% (63/83 ),66.3% (55/83 )and 67.5 % (56/83 ), respectively,while after eradication which was 44.6%(37/83),37.3%(31/83)and 39.8%(33/83)after eradication,respectively.The differences were statistically significant (χ2 =15 .720,12.764 and 11 .724;all P <0.01).Conclusions The prevalence of H .pylori infection is significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients,and gastroparesis in type 2 diabetic patients may be correlated with H .pylori infection.The eradication rate in type 2 diabetic patients was lower,and H .pylori eradication therapy can efficiently improve the symptoms of dyspepsia in diabetic patients with gastroparesis.
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Objective To investigate the clinical effect of the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in the elderly populationthrough different surgical approaches.Methods 98 cases with a single-level osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture in the elderly population were randomly divided into two groups from February 201 1 to June 2013.48 patients were performed by percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP)through unipedicular approach and 50 patients through bipedicular approachs.The clinical data of patients were prospectively analyzed and the clinical efficacy were compared between two groups using VAS (visual analogue scale method)and ODI (Oswestry disability index)in preoperative,postoperative 1 day and 1 year postoperatively .The data of age, gender,injury to the patients with operation time,postoperative follow-up time,operation time,bone cement injection,bone cement leakage and other complications were observed.Cobb angle,vertebral compression ration were observed by imaging data.Results All the cases were followed-up.There was no statistical difference in preoperative clinical data between the two groups (P >0.05).In unilateral group (48 cases),the data of operation time,bone cement injection,bone cement leakage,Cobb angle improve,vertebral compression ration improve were (34.87±5.91)min,(6.20±0.66)mL,1 6 cases(33%),(10.1 9±2.12)%,(13.23°±1.58°)and adjacent vertebral fractures was 10 cases (20.9%).VAS score was respectively improved (4.05 ± 0.12 ),(5.42 ± 0.12 ) in postoperative 1 day and 1 year than preoperative.VAS score was improved (1.40 ±0.1 1 )in postoperative 1 year than 1 day.ODI score was respectively improved (35.46 ± 1.89)%,(47.88 ±2.21 )% in postoperative 1 day and 1 year than preoperative.ODI score was improved (1 1.42±0.24)% in postoperative 1 year than 1 day.In bilateral group (50 cases).The data of operation time,bone cement injection,bone cement leakage,Cobb angle improve, vertebral compression ration improve were (41.66±6.90)min,(4.88±0.52)mL,9 cases(18.0%),(10.48±1.43)%,(13.04°±2.03°)and adjacent vertebral fractures was 6 cases(12.0%).VAS score was respectively improved (4.06±0.1 1),(5.30±0.10)in postoperative 1 day and 1 year than preoperative.VAS score was improved (1.34± 0.08)in postoperative 1 year than 1 day.ODI score was respectively improved (36.08±2.13)%,(47.54±1.97)%in postoperative 1 day and 1 year than preoperative.ODI score was improved (1 1.26 ± 0.54)% in postoperative 1 year than 1 day.There was no obvious clinical problems after occurred leakage in two groups.there was statistical difference in cement injection,bone cement leakage and postoperative adjacent vertebral fractures after operation between the two groups.there was no statistical difference in Cobb angle improve,vertebral compression ration improve,VAS score and ODI score between the two groups.Conclusion Both approaches are effective in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in the elderly population ,but there is advantage of decrease the incidence of bone cement leakage and postoperative adjacent vertebral fractures through bilateral approach.