Comparison of the analgesic effects of dezocine, tramadol and butorphanol after cesarean section

At present, the drugs used in the field of postoperative analgesia are mainly opioids. The three analgesics selected in this study are opioid receptor agonists, but opioids are easy to produce adverse reactions. In this study, the

visual analogue score of resting pain and dynamic pain at two time points of 4 hours and 12 hours was observed in group B and group C were higher than that in group A [P<0.05], indicating that the analgesic effect of dezocine was better. Follow up observation of adverse reactions, dezocine group patients had fewer adverse reactions [P<0.05]. It can be seen that although there are certain differences in the mechanism of these three drugs, there are some relevant evidence that all three drugs can be used safely and effectively for postoperative obstetric analgesia

Effects on the regional homogeneity of resting-state brain function in the healthy subjects of gastric distention treated with acupuncture at the front- and back- points of the stomach, Weishu (BL 21) and Zhongwan (CV 12) / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the regional homogeneity (ReHo) of resting-state brain function in the healthy subjects of gastric distention treated with acupuncture at the back- and front- points of the stomach, Weishu (BL 21) and Zhongwan (CV 12) and the correlation with gastric motility so as to explore the mechanism on the central integration of the front- and back- points of the stomach.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The crossover test design was adopted. Twenty-four healthy subjects were assigned to a Weishu group, a Zhongwan group and a combined-point group separately, 8 cases in each one in each of the three times. Totally, 24 subjects were included in each group. Under the water load condition, the subjects received acupuncture at Weishu (BL 21), Zhongwan (CV 12) and the combined Weishu (BL 21) and Zhongwan (CV 12). Before and after each acupuncture, the resting-state brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan and electrogastrogram (EGG) test were applied. The ReHo value was calculated in the collected fMRI imaging data. The changes in ReHo values were analyzed and compared before and after acupuncture in each group, as well as among the groups. The gastric motility was analyzed before and after acupuncture. Additionally, the correlative analysis was conducted between the gastric motility and ReHo changes before and after acupuncture.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) After acupuncture, EGG amplitudes in the subjects of each group were lower remarkably as compared with those before acupuncture (all <0.01). The EGG frequencies were not different significantly as compared with those before acupuncture (all >0.05). The EGG amplitudes in the Weishu group and the Zhongwan group were higher than those in the combined-point group (both <0.05). (2) As compared with the conditions before acupuncture, acupuncture at the combined front- and the back- points as well as Weishu (BL 21) and Zhongwan (CV 12) separately all induced the changes in the brain ReHo. Acupuncture at the combined front- and the back- points significantly increased Reho values in the right inferior temporal gyrus, the left thalamus, the precuneus and the posterior cingulate gyrus (all <0.05) and remarkably reduced the ReHo values in the the middle temporal gyrus of the right temporal pole, sulcus calcarinus and precuneus (all <0.05). Compared with the single point groups, acupuncture at the combined front- and the back- points induced the increase of ReHo value in the posterior cingulate gyrus and the decrease of ReHo in the temporal pole (all <0.05). (3) The correlative analysis showed that the changes in the ReHo values in the posterior cingulate gyrus, the thalamus and the precuneus were positively correlated to the changes of the gastric motility amplitudes. The changes in the ReHo values in the temporal pole was negatively correlated to the changes of the gastric motility amplitudes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture at the combined back- and front- points of the stomach, as well as acupuncture at single Weishu (BL 21) and Zhongwan (CV 12) induce the ReHo changes in the different brain regions. Acupuncture at the combined back- and front- points of the stomach may induce the ReHo changes in some new brain regions as compared with the acupuncture at the single point. The thalamus, the posterior cingulate gyrus and the precuneus may be the the important integrated brain regions for acupuncture at the back- and the front- points in regulating the gastric motility. The effects of acupuncture at the back- and the front- points for the regulation of the gastric motility are closely related to the thalamus, the limbic system and the default network of the brain regions.</p>

Effects of acupuncture at left and right Hegu (LI 4) for cerebral function laterality / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the cerebral function laterality of acupuncture at left and right Hegu (LI 4) by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and provide objective evidences for side selection of Hegu (LI 4) in the clinical application.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty healthy volunteers were randomly divided into a left-acupoint group and a right-acupoint group, and they were treated with acupuncture at left Hegu (LI 4) and right Hegu (LI 4) respectively. After the arrival of qi, the task-state fMRI data in both groups was collected, and analysis of functional neuroimages (AFNI) software was used to perform intra-group and between-group comparisons. After acupuncture, acupuncture feelings were recorded and MGH acupuncture sensation scale (MASS) was recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The difference of MASS between the two groups was not significant (P>0. 05). The result of left-acupoint group showed an increased signal on right cerebral hemisphere, while the right-acupoint group showed extensive signal changes in both cerebral hemispheres. The analysis between left-acupoint group and retroflex right-acupoint group showed differences in brain areas.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The central effect of acupuncture at left and right Hegu (LI 4) is dissymmetry, indicating right hemisphere laterality. The right lobus insularis and cingulate gyrus may be the key regions in the acupuncture at Hegu (LI 4).</p>

The Value of the Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Information Science of Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国中医药信息杂志

The development of informatization and modernization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been restricted to some degree due to the lack of sufficient modern scientific evidence to support TCM theory. Rapid development of computer technology, information and imaging technology, which can be used to explore TCM theory and mechanism, may bring hope to solve this problem. In recent years, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has been widely used to study TCM theory and mechanism. However, shortage of interdisciplinary talents those who possess both medical and engineering knowledge has restricted the development of fMRI research in the field of Chinese medicine. With the development of the discipline of TCM information science in TCM colleges and universities, students majoring in TCM information science will be the main source of researchers engaging in TCM fMRI researches. The flourishing development of TCM fMRI researches will cultivate a large number of talents adapting in TCM information science who will promote the construction of TCM information science.

Study on lung function change and its impact factors in occupational exposure to air pollution in Guangzhou urban / 中国医师杂志

Objective To explore influence and variation of smoking and occupational exposure to air pollution on lung function.Methods Ninety eight sanitation staffs from Panyu District were divided into smoking and non-smoking sanitation groups; and all subject accepted the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test (CAT) scales,questionnaires,lung function test,and data statistical analysis.Healthy people accepted health examination from Guangzhou Panyu medical health center were used as the control group.Results (1) Forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1％),forced expiratory volume in the first second/ forced vital capacity(FEV1/FVC),maximal expiratory flow in 50％ vital capacity (FEF50％),maximal expiratory flow in 75％ vital capacity (FEF75％),maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) of non-smoking sanitation group was significantly lower than non-smoking healthy group (P ＜ 0.01).(2) Abnormal rates of FEF50％,FEF75％,and MMEF of non-smoking sanitation group were significantly higher than non-smoking healthy group (P ＜ 0.01).(3) Abnormal rates of FEF50％,and FEF75％ of sanitation group were significantly higher than healthy group with or without smoking.(4) Abnormal rates of FEV1％ and FEV1/FVC did not have significant difference between non-smoking sanitation group and non-smoking healthy group,but had significant difference between non-smoking and smoking healthy groups.It means smoking and occupational exposure had different impacts on pulmonary function.(5)Moderate score of nonsmoking sanitation group and smoking healthy group were significantly higher than non-smoking healthy group by P =0.049 and P =0.001,respectively.Conclusions Occupational exposure to air pollution and smoking can lead to small airway damage,which was not as obvious as pulmonary function changes.It is necessary to regularly monitor lung function for sanitation staffs who risk occupational exposure to air pollution.Increasing physical exercise would benefit to improve sport lung endurance of the people in our country.

Association between the polymorphism of A9570G in angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 gene and cardiac dysfunction and ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction / 中国医师杂志

Objective To determine the effects of polymorphism of A9570G in angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 gene ( ACE2) gene on cardiac dysfunction and ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. Methods 252 patients with old myccardial infarction were included in this study. They were classified according to their polymorphisms of ACE 2 gene analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Echocardiograms were used to determine left ventricular end diastolic diameters (LVEDd) , Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) , mitral flow pattern early diastolic and late diastolic peak flow ratio (E/A) and left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF). Results In male, LVEDd, LVMI, and LVEF had significant difference among ACE2 genotypes ( t = 2. 609,3.527and 2.063, P =0.010,0.001 and 0.041), and no significant differences in E/A( t =0.689,P =0.492). In female,LVEDd, LVMI, E/A and LVEF had no significant difference among ACE2 genotypes( F =0. 848, 0.077,0. 985 and 1.611, P = 0. 432,0. 926,0. 377 and 0. 205 ). Conclusion The polymorphism of A9570G in ACE2 gene may be associated with cardiac dysfunction and ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in male. ACE 2 gene polymorphism may be a genetic factor on cardiac dysfunction and ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction.

Fine structure and circulation of spleen ellipsoid in Pelodiseus sinensis / 解剖学报

Objective To examin and analyze the structure, ultrastructure and the circulation of the spleen ellipsoid in the soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiseus sinensis. Methods Twelve turtles were used and observed by light- and electron-microscopy and injection of ink suspension in this study. Results The spleen white pulp was consisted of the periarteriolar lymphatic sheath (PALS) and periellipsoidial lymphatic sheath (PELS). There was no lymphoid nodule in the spleen. Red pulp included splenic cords and splenic sinusoids. The marginal zone was not found in the turtle spleen. When the central arteriole left out of the PALS, it divided into several ellipsoid capillaries which were surround by the PELS. The end of the ellipsoid capillary opened directly to the splenic cord and the blood cells then entered into the splenic sinusoid through the gap between the endothelial cells. The ellipsoid capillary was consisted of simple cuboidal epithelium with an uncompleted basement membrane. The ellipsoid wall was consisted of supporting cells,ellipsoid-associated cells and reticular fibres. Lymphocytes and red cells were always found on the ellipsoid wall. After 40min of the injection of ink suspesion, much carbon particles of ink were restricted on the wall. Conclusion The ellipsoid capillary in the soft-shelled turtle, just like the high endothelial venule, was the important passage of the lymphocytes and blood cells going out and into the lymph tissue. The splenic circulation in the turtle belongs to the opening model.

Investigation of selective neck dissection for differentiated thyroid carcinoma / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To investigate the treatment method of selective neck dissection(SND). Methods 68 cases patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma were cured by selective neck dissection. Results The rate of lymph node diversion in 68 cases patients was 60.3%, among the diversion rate of lymph node in VI area was 51%. There were not patients who happend permanent damagement of laryngeal nerve and hypoparathyroidism. Conclusions It is available that selective neck dissection cures differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Association of the polymorphism of A9570G in ACE2 gene with the genetic predisposition of diabetic nephropathy / 中国综合临床

Objective To study the association of the polymorphism of A9570G in ACE2 gene with the genetic predisposition of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods 312 patients with type2 diabetes(T2DM) were included in the study. All the patients were divided into DM group and DN group according to if onset of DN. PCRRFLP were used to observe the association of polymorphisms of A9570G in ACE2 gene with DN. Results G allele frequencies of male subjects were 57.9% in DM patients and 67.5% in DN patients (X2 = 1. 559 ,P =0.212) ,52. 4% and,52.1% in female DM and DN patients (X2 =0. 003 ,P =0.955). In female patients,genetype in DN patiants had no difference from that in DM patients (X2 = 0. 109, P = 0. 947). Conclusion The polymorphism of A9570G in ACE2 gane may not associated with the genetic predisposition of DN.