RÉSUMÉ
Se ha señalado al uso de los métodos anticonceptivos hormonales como una de las posibles causas que explican el exceso de depresión en mujeres. Objetivo: Explorar la literatura sobre la asociación entre uso de anticoncepción hormonal y depresión en adolescentes y jóvenes. Método: Se llevó a cabo una revisión de alcance de la literatura identificando estudios empíricos cuantitativos enfocados en la asociación entre uso de anticonceptivos hormonales y depresión en mujeres entre 11 y 24 años, publicados entre enero de 2017 y septiembre de 2022 e indexadas en Web of Science y SCOPUS. Resultados: Se incluyeron 12 artículos que mostraron asociaciones positivas, negativas y no concluyentes o con resultados mixtos. Conclusiones: La relación entre el uso de anticonceptivos hormonales y depresión es compleja y multifacética. Los resultados presentados resaltan la necesidad de una investigación continua y más específica para comprender mejor las posibles asociaciones y proporcionar orientación clínica más precisa.
Abstract. The use of hormonal contraceptive methods has been pointed out as one of the possible causes that explain the excess of depression in women. Objective: To explore the literature on the association between the use of hormonal contraceptives and depression in adolescents and young women. Methods: We conducted a scoping review of the literature identifying quantitative empirical studies focused on the association between hormonal contraceptive use and depression in women aged 11-24 years, published between January 2017 and September 2022, and indexed in Web of Science and SCOPUS. Results: In total, 12 articles showing positive, negative, and inconclusive or mixed associations were included. Conclusions: The relationship between hormonal contraceptive use and depression is complex and multifaceted. The results presented highlight the need for continued and more specific research to better understand possible associations and provide more accurate clinical guidance.
Sujet(s)
Humains , Femelle , Enfant , Adolescent , Adulte , Jeune adulte , Contraceptifs oraux hormonaux , Dépression/psychologieRÉSUMÉ
En todo el mundo se han descrito efectos negativos de la pandemia de COVID-19 en la salud mental, especialmente en la población infanto-juvenil. Sin embargo, en Chile, la investigación disponible aún no se ha sistematizado. El objetivo de este estudio fue revisar sistemáticamente las publicaciones científicas sobre salud mental infanto-juvenil en Chile durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Se buscaron reportes de investigación en las bases de datos WoS, Scopus, SciELO y LILACS. Se incluyeron 13 estudios que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Los estudios son heterogéneos en cuanto a sus objetivos e instrumentos utilizados. Varios estudios coinciden en que hay un aumento de los síntomas internalizantes, externalizantes y somáticos en la población infanto-juvenil desde la pandemia. Es necesario promover investigaciones colaborativas y longitudinales e investigaciones que evalúen la eficacia de intervenciones preventivas y terapéuticas. Estos resultados pueden ser útiles para clínicos, académicos y tomadores de decisión en políticas públicas para que puedan adoptar medidas para mejorar la salud mental de esta población. Palabras Clave: Salud mental, niños, adolescentes, jóvenes, COVID-19.
Abstract. Negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health have been described worldwide, especially in the child and youth population. However, in Chile, the available research has not yet been systematized. This study aimed to systematically review scientific publications on child and youth mental health in Chile during the COVID-19 pandemic. The WoS, Scopus, SciELO, and LILACS databases were searched for research reports. Thirteen studies that met the inclusion criteria were included. The studies are heterogeneous in terms of their objectives and instruments used. Several studies agree that there is an increase in internalizing, externalizing, and somatic symptoms in the child and youth population since the pandemic. There is a need to promote collaborative and longitudinal research, and research that evaluates the efficacy of preventive and therapeutic interventions. These results may be useful to clinicians, academics, and public policymakers so that they can take steps to improve the mental health of this population. Keywords: Mental health, children, adolescents, youth, COVID-19.
Sujet(s)
Humains , Enfant , Adolescent , Santé mentale , COVID-19/psychologie , PandémiesRÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND: The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale is widely used for the assessment of generalized anxiety disorder. AIM: To adapt the GAD-7 to the Chilean adolescent population and to evaluate its psychometric properties. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The GAD-7 was adapted and administered to 2,022 adolescents between 13 and 19 years of age, recruited from eight schools in the northern area of Santiago, Chile. Other self-report instruments were used to assess depressive symptoms and health-related quality of life. The one factor structure and invariance by sex were examined using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Its reliability and validity based on its relationship with other variables were assessed. RESULTS: The one-factor structure and invariance by sex were confirmed. The results showed an adequate internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.86, Spearman-Brown coefficient = 0.82). As expected, significant correlations were observed with measures of depressive symptoms and health-related quality of life. Higher scores were observed in women than in men. CONCLUSIONS: The Chilean version adapted for adolescents of the GAD-7 has good psychometric properties. Thus, it may be a useful and valid instrument for the assessment of generalized anxiety disorder in adolescents in Chile.