Retrospective analysis of 188 cases of parapharyngeal space tumors / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

To explore the diagnosis,treatment,surgical approach and prognosis of parapharyngeal space tumors.The clinical data of 188 patients with parapharyngeal space tumor who were treated from January 2007 to December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.All patients underwent imaging examination before operation.Surgical approach was as follows:transcervical approach applied in 159 cases,endoscopic-assisted transnasal approach in 9 cases,transcervical-transmandibular approach in 8 cases,transcervical-transparotid approach in 8 cases,transoral approach in 7 cases,and infratemporal fossa approach in 4 case.Of the 188 cases,the tumor was benign in nature in 168 cases(89%)and malignant in 20 cases(11%).Complications occurred in 28(15%)patients,with the most common symptom being hoarseness.168 cases of benign tumors were followed up for 10 months to 10 years,and 3 cases were lost and 4 cases had recurrence.All cases underwent re-operation.Patients with malignant tumors received combined treatment after surgery,and 3 cases were lost to follow-up,1 case died of recurrence 9 months after surgery,the rest survived.Surgery is the preferred method for treating parapharyngeal space tumors and postoperative recurrence rate is pretty low.Endoscopy provides a new surgical management method,helping to reduce postoperative complications and recurrence rate.

Survey on a norovirus-borne outbreak caused by GⅡ.4 Sydney 2012 variant in a university of Guangzhou, 2017 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To understand the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of a norovirus- borne outbreak caused by GⅡ.4 Sydney 2012 in a university of Guangzhou to provide evidence for the prevention and control strategy on norovirus-caused epidemics. Methods: A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect clinical information from the patients as well as other data related to the epidemic. Pathogen detections were performed through anal swab specimens from the patients, kitchen workers and samples from the environment. Positive samples were further sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. A case-control study was employed to identify the risk factors related to this outbreak. Results: A total of 226 cases of norovirus-borne infection were identified between September 17 and 21, 2017, including 223 students, with an attack rate of 0.73% (223/30 711), and 3 kitchen workers. Students staying in the A dormitory area had the highest attack rate (1.73%, 164/9 459). No clustering was found in different colleges or classes. Results from the case-control study revealed that people who ate at the canteen in A dormitory area during September 18 to 20 was at risk for the onset of illness (OR=10.75, 95%CI: 5.56-20.79). The highest risk was related to the dinner on September 18. Another significant risk factor (OR=3.65, 95%CI: 1.92-6.94) was close personal contact in the same room of the dorm. The 3 norovirus infected kitchen workers were all from the canteen in A dormitory area where the positive rate of norovirus identified in kitchen workers was 26.67% (12/45). Positive samples were sequenced and sub-typed with results showing that the GⅡ.4 Sydney 2012 variant and the nucleotide sequences of cases and kitchen workers were 100% identical. Conclusions: The outbreak was caused by norovirus GⅡ.4 Sydney 2012 variant at campus. Similar outbreaks had been seen since 2013, with the routes of transmission most likely due to food-borne or personal contact.