Effect of Shengmai Yin on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Radioresistant Cells / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the mechanism by which Chinese medicine Shengmai Yin (SMY) reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through lipocalin-2 (LCN2) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells CNE-2R.@*METHODS@#Morphological changes in EMT in CNE-2R cells were observed under a microscope, and the expressions of EMT markers were detected using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot assays. Through the Gene Expression Omnibus dataset and text mining, LCN2 was found to be highly related to radiation resistance and EMT in NPC. The expressions of LCN2 and EMT markers following SMY treatment (50 and 100 µ g/mL) were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot assays in vitro. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities were measured using colony formation, wound healing, and transwell invasion assays, respectively. The inhibitory effect of SMY in vivo was determined by observing a zebrafish xenograft model with a fluorescent label.@*RESULTS@#The CNE-2R cells showed EMT transition and high expression of LCN2, and the use of SMY (5, 10 and 20 µ g/mL) reduced the expression of LCN2 and reversed the EMT in the CNE-2R cells. Compared to that of the CNE-2R group, the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of SMY high-concentration group were weakened (P<0.05). Moreover, SMY mediated tumor growth and metastasis in a dose-dependent manner in a zebrafish xenograft model, which was consistent with the in vitro results.@*CONCLUSIONS@#SMY can reverse the EMT process of CNE-2R cells, which may be related to its inhibition of LCN2 expression. Therefore, LCN2 may be a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in patients with NPC.

Effects of Shengmai Jianghuang San on intestinal flora in nude mice with radio resistant cells of nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 中国中药杂志

Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Shengmai San has the effects of enhancing immunity and improving blood circulation, and Curcumae Longae Rhizoma(Jianghuang) has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation and other functions. Shengmai San combined with Jianghuang is a new research direction in the study of anti-tumor of traditional Chinese medicines. The main treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is radiation therapy, but radiation therapy can cause a variety of side effects, and it also changes the composition of the intestinal flora. In this study, the 16 s rDNA sequencing platform was used to perform macro-sequence sequencing of the intestinal flora samples of nude mice bearing the veins of Shengmai Jianghuang San, and then the results of intestinal flora data were analyzed to investigate the effect of Shengmai Jianghuang San on tumors. The results showed that Shengmai Jianghuang San combined with irradiation could enhance the therapeutic effect of tumor treatment. Radiation therapy would reduce the total number and diversity of intestinal flora in nude mice, and also change the structure of the flora. Shengmai Jianghuang San could protect the diversity of colonies, and also partially restore the colony imbalance caused by irradiation. This study provides a research idea for Shengmai Jianghuang San as a sensitizing adjuvant for radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Study on the attitudes toward suicide among university students in Chongqing / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the attitudes on suicide and their related factors among university students in Chongqing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 9808 students from 11 universities in Chongqing, were chosen under stratified cluster random sampling method and had completed a questionnaire survey through the Scale of Public Attitudes on Suicide(SPAS).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Data showed that the scores of university students having negative or neutral attitudes towards questions including "suicide is not preventable", "suicidal behavior is not controllable or is caused by outside forces" and "suicidal behavior can(or is used to)affect the behavior of others'" were 34.28±16.44, 35.64±19.14 and 36.94±16.05 respectively. The scores of students taking neutral attitude towards questions as:"similarity of attempted and completed suicide", "negative attitudes on the behavior or on the person him/her self", "positive aspects of suicide and positive feelings about suicides"were 47.38±22.01, 51.78±17.05 and 37.77±18.12 respectively but 70.77±17.21 went to the students who had agreed with "suicide is an important social/health problem". Factors as gender, nationality, religion, history of attempted suicide and suicide exposure to others appeared having had important effects on the attitude towards suicide among college students.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is necessary to consider above mentioned factors when developing related suicide crisis intervention strategy.</p>

Prevalence of social distance and restriction among college students with suicide attempts in Chongqing / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the attitude towards 10 different populations with different characteristics on their social distance and acceptance among those people with or without suicidal attempts among college students in Chongqing.Methods 9808 college students were randomly selected from 11 universities in Chongqing and administered a self-constructed questionnaire"Suicide Attitude and Mental Health Status Questionnaire".A t-test was employed to analyze the social distance and degree of acceptance of college students with or without suicide attempts towards different groups as criminals,hypertensive,with suicide actions,homosexuals,depressive disorder,HIV infection,drug addiction,death of family members,hospitalization history in mental service and alcohol addiction.Results 169 college students had suicide attempts;the reporting rate of suicide attempts was 1.7%.Among college students.the scores higher than 50 on nine items related to social distance towards strangers with those 10 different characteristics and the top three were on those with HIV infection,drug addiction and hospitalization history in mental service.There were differences(P<0.05)in scores of social distance attitude towards strangers with drug addiction(with suicide attempts 83.38±21.82,without suicide attempts 78.55±21.55,t=2.88).hospitalization history in mental service(79.27±21.23,75.67±21.31,t=2.17),homosexuality(66.87±24.77,74.14±21.94,t=-4.25),alcohol addiction(66.72±21.80,61.00±22.80,t=3.23)and hypertension(56.65±20.40,53.36±21.05.t=2.01)between college students with or without suicide attempts.College students scored higher than 50 in 7 items of social rejective attitudes towards acquaintances,of those with hospitalization history in mental service,drug and alcohol addiction ranked the top three.It showed statistical significances in social rejection attitudes towards acquaintances with homosexuality(35.28±30.38,42.83±30.76,t=-3.14),severe depression(56.59±28.49,61.64±25.56,t=-2.53)and suicide behaviors(51.46±28.19,56.56±26.35,t=-2.48)between students with or without suicide attempts.Conclusion College students in Chongqing kept quite far social distance and restrictive behaviors in college students with or without suicide attempts.Targeted interventions on suicide attempters should be carried out accordingly.

Study on the related factors to suicidal behavior between two groups in university students / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence of self-reported suicidal behavior in university students and to compare the related risk factors between two selected groups. Methods A questionnaire survey on situation of suicidal behavior and risk factors was conducted among 9808 university students. Results The overall rate of suicide attempts among university students was 1.7%. Factors as suicidal attitude, having associates who had suicidal experience and negative life events, were significantly different between groups with or without suicide attempts. Risk factors on suicidal behavior were as follows: high frequency of feeling hopeless in the last year (OR=4.23,95% CI: 3.05-5.85) , first degree relatives with suicide behavior (OR=2.85, 95% CI: 1.72-4.73),having associates with suicide behavior (OR=2.82,95%CI: 2.05-3.88), having had sexual experience (OR=2.73,95%CI: 1.88-3.96), daily live being influenced by the existing psychological problems in the last month (OR=2.53, 95% CI: 1.80-3.56) , being female (OR=2.47, 95% CI: 1.77-3.45) and having other relatives with suicide behaviors (OR=2.36, 95% CI: 1.63-3.41). Conclusion Psychological, biological and social factors had influenced on suicidal behaviors among university students which all called for effective intervention to be implemented.

Analysis on factors affecting the severity of post-traumatic stress disorder in transferred casualty after Earthquake / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigated the related factors which affecting the severity degrees of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) in trailsferred casualty after Wenchuan Earthquake.Methods Taking PTSD symptoms self-assessment scale(PCL-C) to involve 386 wounded who sufiered 40 days after the earthquake disaster,from 11 hospitals and were transferred to Chongqing city.Multi-stage cluster sampling method was used.354 valid questionnaires were recovered to explore the relevant factors affecting the severity on the symptoms of PTSD.Results This survey contains 354 subjects,with male 154(43.6%),female 200(56.4%),age 43.76±21.22,nation alities:Han people 236(66.7%),Qiang people 114(32.2%),others4(1.1%),and marriage status as unmarried 92(26.1%),married 253(71.7%),others 9(2.2%).The wounded women PTSD have more seriotis symptoms than men,and there were differences between them in repeated and disturbing dreams of this stressful experience(t=2.46,P=0.014),a strong sense of psychological suffering annoyance (t=2.02,P=0.044),having difficulty concentrating(t=2.04,P=0.042),being"super-alert"(t=2.465,P=0.014) etc,also in the total scores(t=2.489.P=0.013)(P<0.05).The PTSD symptoms of wounded degree in who had been buried in Earthquake were more serious than those not been buried.There were significant difierences between them in the iterns as:avoid thinking about or talking about a stressful experience(t=2.661,P=0.008),avoid activities or situations that could fecall the stressful experience(t=2.705,P=0.007),trouble remembering important parts of a stressful experience (t=2.775,P=0.006),feeling emotionally numb or being unable to have loving feelings for those close to you(t=3.017,P=0.003),feeling as if your future will somehow be cut short(t=2.979,P=0.003) and total scores(t=3.175,P=0.002).The wounded that witnessed someone be buried or died in earthquake,in PTSD symptoms,were more serious than those without.In the items of feeling distant or cut off from other people,feeling emotionally numb or being unable to have loving feelings for those close to you,feeling irritable or having angry outbursts, there were significant difference(P<0.05-0.01).There were significant difrerences among the average score of the three core symptoms(F=3.350,P<0.001),among the three core symptoms as well as between the three core symptoms and total score respectively.Conclusion There were differences in the severity degrees of PTST in transferred casualty under difrerent exposed conditions.Correlations were also found between each of the symptoms.