RÉSUMÉ
Objective: We aimed to evaluate the clinical profile and radiological findings of children with nutcracker syndrome (NCS) and to assess the association between the parameters. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the clinical, laboratory and radiological parameters of children diagnosed with NCS between January, 2011 and October, 2017 was done. Results: Of a total of 29 patients [19 girls, 65.5%] with NCS, having a mean (SD) age of 10.8 years, 72.4% had BMI <-2SD. Approximately half of the patients (51.7%) were asymptomatic. Left flank pain was commonest (9/29; 31%) symptom, followed by macroscopic hematuria (4/29; 13.8%). Isolated proteinuria was seen in 9 children. There was no significant difference between the symptomatic and asymptomatic patients in terms of Doppler ultrasonography findings. All patients were followed up conservatively, 5 received enalapril therapy for moderate proteinuria. Conclusion: NCS should be considered in children, especially with low BMI, presenting with orthostatic proteinuria and hematuria, with or without left flank pain after ruling out the common causes.
RÉSUMÉ
@# Objective: To explore the possible effects of naringin on acrylamide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-250 g were randomly divided into five groups. The control group was given intragastric (i.g.) saline (1 mL) for 10 d. The acrylamide group was given i.g. acrylamide in saline (38.27 mg/kg titrated to 1 mL) for 10 d. The treatment groups were administered with naringin in saline (50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively) for 10 d and given i.g. acrylamide (38.27 mg/kg) 1 h after naringin injection. The naringin group was given i.g. naringin (100 mg/kg) alone for 10 d. On day 11, intracardiac blood samples were obtained from the rats when they were under anesthesia, after which they were euthanized. Urea and creatinine concentrations of blood serum samples were analyzed with an autoanalyzer. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to quantify malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, tumor necrosis factor-β, nuclear factor-κB, interleukin (IL)-33, IL-6, IL-1β, cyclooxygenase-2, kidney injury molecule-1, mitogen-activated protein kinase-1, and caspase-3 in kidney tissues. Renal tissues were also evaluated by histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations for 8-OHdG and Bcl-2. Results: Naringin attenuated acrylamide-induced nephrotoxicity by significantly decreasing serum urea and creatinine levels. Naringin increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activities and decreased malondialdehyde levels in kidney tissues. In addition, naringin reduced the levels of inflammatory and apoptotic parameters in kidney tissues. The histopathological assay showed that acrylamide caused histopathological changes and DNA damage, which were ameliorated by naringin. Conclusions: Naringin attenuated inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and oxidative DNA damage in acrylamide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.