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Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(HICH)is a disease with a rapid onset,rapid progression,high mortality rate,and long-term impact on the ability to function.Non-contrast agent-based CT(NCCT)is a common method for evaluating and identifying HICH.Recent radiomics in image processing and machine learning(ML)have enabled the extraction of high-dimensional feature information from medical images,which can be used to rapidly and accurately diagnose HICH and predict its course of disease.The paper describes the application of radiomics and ML techniques in HICH diagnosis and treatment,and identifies possible directions for future research.
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@#[Objective] To investigate the evolution of inflammation under conditions and the effects of ginsenosides on macrophages subjected to the simulated weightlessness, with the aim of mitigating the inflammation. [Methods] Initially, genes related to weightlessness, inflammation, and immunity were identified in the GeneCards database. Then, Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interaction Gene/Proteins (STRING) protein network analysis was conducted to determine the core targets involved in the weightlessness-induced inflammation. Subsequently, Label-Free Quantitative (LFQ) proteomics was carried out to discern the distinctive genes within ginsenoside-treated Tohoku Hospital Pediatrics-1 (THP-1) cells. Next, utilizing the outcomes of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses, the biological processes and signaling pathways in which ginsenosides predominately engaged were scrutinized, and the primary targets of ginsenosides in combating weightlessness-induced inflammation were examined. Finally, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect the secretion levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced THP-1 cells under simulated weightlessness conditions, as well as during the weightlessness recovery period following treatment with ginsenosides. [Results] A total of 2 933 genes associated with inflammation, 425 genes linked to weightlessness, and 4 564 genes connected to immunity were retrieved from the GeneCards database. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were generated to identify pivotal targets associated with weightlessness-induced inflammation such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF, and albumin (ALB). It was found that ginsenosides primarily participated in the regulation of various inflammationrelated signaling pathways and pathways related to pathogenic microorganism infections. Moreover, it has a significant impact on the expression of proteins such as cluster of differentiation 40 (CD40), IL-1β, and poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1). As revealed in the simulated weightlessness cell test, ginsenosides exhibited a remarkable capacity to attenuate the secretion of inflammatory factors, specifically IL-6 and TNF-α (P < 0.000 1), in THP-1 macrophages following induction by LPS under simulated weightlessness conditions. In addition, it reduced the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α (P < 0.000 1) during the weightlessness recovery phase [Conclusion] Weightlessness can disrupt several inflammation-related signaling pathways, but ginsenosides were shown to mitigate the release of various inflammatory factors in macrophages subjected to simulated weightlessness, thereby exerting a protective role against inflammation. This study has laid a theoretical groundwork for further exploring the potential application of ginsenosides in safeguarding against LPS induced inflammation in a weightlessness environment.
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Objective@#To explore the therapeutic effects of ginseng total saponins (GTSs) on cognitive impairments in astronauts caused by prolonged exposure to microgravity environment.@*Methods@#Fifty specific pathogen-free (SPF) male Wistar rats were randomized into control, hindlimb suspension (HLS), Huperzine A (HLS-Hup A 0.1 mg/kg), low-dose GTSs (HLS-GTSs 100 mg/kg), and high-dose GTSs (HLS-GTSs 200 mg/kg) groups, based on the completion time of reward-directed conditioning tasks. Except for rats in the control group, the others were subjected to HLS and treated with drugs (day 20 – 58), received reflex test under the condition of rewarding, and underwent Nissl body staining and Western blot detection on hippocampal.@*Results@#After modeling, rats in HLS group exhibited a reduction in the number of lever presses and an increase in the completion time of the reward-directed operant conditioning task Ⅰ (P < 0.05) when compared with the control group, which were not substantially altered in the HLS-GTSs 100 and 200 mg/kg groups (P > 0.05). In the reward-directed operant conditioning task Ⅱ, the HLS group rats demonstrated a marked decrease in the number of lever presses (P < 0.05) and nose pokes (P < 0.01) when compared with the control group rats; the HLS-GTSs 100 mg/kg showed a significant increase in the number of lever presses and nose pokes (P < 0.05), while the HLS-GTSs 200 mg/kg demonstrated a significant reduction in completion time and an elevation in the number of lever presses (P < 0.05) when compared with the HLS group rats. In visual signal discrimination task, compared with the control group rats, the HLS group rats showed decrease in the indexes of the visual signal discrimination(P < 0.01), while HLS-GTSs 100 and 200 mg/kg groups exhibited manifest increase in it (P < 0.01). In reward extinction experiment, the number of lever presses in HLS rats significantly increased when compared with the control group (P < 0.01); compared with the HLS group, HLS-GTSs 100 and 200 mg/kg groups demonstrated a marked descrease (P < 0.05). The expressions of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor 1 (NR1) and phosophorylated N-methyl-Daspartic acid receptor 2B (p-NR2B) proteins were markedly decreased in rats in the HLS group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively), while that of NR2B protein maintained the same (P > 0.05). GTSs increased the expression levels of p-NR2B (P < 0.01).@*Conclusion@#GTSs improved the learning and memory ability of complex operations by regulating the NR1/NR2B phosphorylation pathways in rats.
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@#Objective To study the therapeutic effects of Shenyuan Gan (参远苷, SYG) on the inflammatory response in BV2 microglial cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods The cytotoxicity of SYG to BV2 microglial cells was evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and the effect of SYG concentrations on LPS-induced BV2 microglial cells was studied. The morphological changes were observed using an optical microscope. The nitric oxide (NO) concentration in cell culture supernatant was determined using Griess reagent. The expression of cytokines and inflammatory mediators were also measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blot analysis was used to determine the levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65, alpha inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB-α), phosphorylation-IκB-α (p-IκB-α), NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3), and caspase-1 expression. Moreover, the expression of iNOS, NLRP3, and ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1) was also observed using immunofluorescent staining. Results SYG had a low cytotoxic effect on BV2 microglial cells and could significantly decr-ease LPS-induced morphological changes of BV2 microglial cells (P < 0.05). ELISA results showed that SYG significantly inhibited the LPS-induced increase in interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in BV2 microglia cells (P < 0.05), and Western blot analysis showed that the phosphorylation levels of iNOS, NF-κB p65, and IκB-α as well as NLRP3 and caspase-1 expression were also significantly decreased, and IκB-α expression was increased after SYG treatment (P < 0.05, compared with the LPS-treated group). The immunofluorescence results were consistent with the Western blot results, and Iba1 staining indicated that the cell morphology tended to be resting. These results indicate that SYG has a certain inhibitory effect on LPS-induced inflammation in BV2 microglial cells. Conclusion SYG can inhibit LPS-induced release of inflammatory factors in BV2 microglial cells by affecting the phosphorylation levels of NF-κB p65 and IκB-α. SYG is a valuable candidate for treating neuroinflammation-related diseases.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics, pathological features and surgical efficacy of adult gangliogliomas.Methods:Seven patients with gangliogliomas underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from August 2010 to December 2021, were chosen; their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed, and the CT and MRI manifestations and histopathological features of gangliogliomas and surgical efficacy of these patients were concluded.Results:In these 7 patients, solid-mass type was identified in 1 patient, cystic-solid mixed type in 4 patients, and diffuse infiltrating type in 2 patients. The solid part showed slightly low or equal density on CT, and mostly showed slightly low signal on T1, slightly high signal on T2, high or slightly high signal on T2 FLAIR, and equisignal or slightly low signal on DWI of MRI. Immunohistochemical staining showed that in the tumor specimens, glial cell components were positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein, oligodendrocyte transcription factor and S-100 protein, and ganglion cell components were positive for neuronal nuclear antigen and synaptophysin. Gross total resection was achieved in 5 patients, subtotal resection in 1 patient, and partial resection in 1 patient; gangliogliomas without total resection were diffuse infiltrative type. The median Karnofsky performance status scores were 80. There was no death during the follow-up period of 7 months-11 years.Conclusions:Adult gangliogliomas are mostly cystic and solid lesions with clear boundary on imaging, and the histopathological characteristics of mixed neoplastic ganglion cells and glial cells are the main basis for their diagnosis. The surgical efficacy is usually good, but the diffuse infiltrating type is difficult to achieve total resection.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics, pathological features and surgical efficacy of adult gangliogliomas.Methods:Seven patients with gangliogliomas underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from August 2010 to December 2021, were chosen; their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed, and the CT and MRI manifestations and histopathological features of gangliogliomas and surgical efficacy of these patients were concluded.Results:In these 7 patients, solid-mass type was identified in 1 patient, cystic-solid mixed type in 4 patients, and diffuse infiltrating type in 2 patients. The solid part showed slightly low or equal density on CT, and mostly showed slightly low signal on T1, slightly high signal on T2, high or slightly high signal on T2 FLAIR, and equisignal or slightly low signal on DWI of MRI. Immunohistochemical staining showed that in the tumor specimens, glial cell components were positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein, oligodendrocyte transcription factor and S-100 protein, and ganglion cell components were positive for neuronal nuclear antigen and synaptophysin. Gross total resection was achieved in 5 patients, subtotal resection in 1 patient, and partial resection in 1 patient; gangliogliomas without total resection were diffuse infiltrative type. The median Karnofsky performance status scores were 80. There was no death during the follow-up period of 7 months-11 years.Conclusions:Adult gangliogliomas are mostly cystic and solid lesions with clear boundary on imaging, and the histopathological characteristics of mixed neoplastic ganglion cells and glial cells are the main basis for their diagnosis. The surgical efficacy is usually good, but the diffuse infiltrating type is difficult to achieve total resection.
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Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage treated by minimally invasive puncture assisted by image post-processing combined with 3D printing surgical guide plate.Methods:The clinical data of 76 patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage admitted to Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2019 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to different guiding ways at minimally invasive puncture, they were divided into a control group guided by imaging positioning ( n=43) and an observation group guided by image post-processing combined with 3D printing surgical guide plate ( n=33). The differences of postoperative clinical efficacies were compared between the two groups, including one-time puncture success rate, puncture accuracy rate, hematoma clearance rate on 3 rd d of surgery, postoperative complications, and prognoses 3 months after surgery. Results:Patients in the observation group had significantly higher success rate of one-time puncture (100.0% vs. 83.7%), puncture accuracy (90.9% vs. 72.1%), effective hematoma clearance on the 3 rd d of surgery (93.9% vs. 76.7%), good prognosis rate 3 month after surgery (84.8% vs. 62.8%) than those of the control group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in postoperative intracranial infection (9.1% vs. 11.6%) or puncture path bleeding rate (6.1% vs. 9.3%) between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:minimally invasive puncture assisted by image post-processing and 3D printed surgical guide plate can more accurately puncture hematoma in the treatment of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, and its clinical efficacy is more satisfactory than the convention one; moreover, minimally invasive puncture can help to achieve treatment homogenization.
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OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the therapeutic effect of the combined treatment with balance acupuncture therapy and exercise re-learning rehabilitation therapy and the impact on serum cAMP and cGMP in the patients with hemiplegia of cerebral ischemic stroke.@*METHODS@#A total of 90 patients of hemiplegia of cerebral ischemic stroke were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 45 cases in each one. All of the patients in the two groups received health education, diet guidance, routine symptomatic treatment as well as exercise re-learning rehabilitation therapy. Additionally, in the observation group, balance acupuncture therapy was applied, in which, the acupoints on the aspect of the human body, on the governor vessel and bladder meridian were adopted in the morning and those on the aspect of the human body, on the conception vessel and kidney meridian were stimulated in the afternoon. In the control group, the regular acupuncture was given. In the two groups, both acupuncture and rehabilitation therapies were given 5 days a week, 2 week-treatment as one course and totally 2 courses were required. Separately, before and after treatment, the score of Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) and the score of Chinese stroke scale (CSS) were recorded, the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) detected in serum and the clinical therapeutic effect were evaluated in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, FMA score was increased in the patients of either of the groups as compared with that before treatment (<0.01) and CSS score decreased as compared with that before treatment (<0.01). After treatment, FMA score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (<0.01) and CSS score was lower than the control group (<0.01). After treatment, the level of serum cAMP of the patients in either of the groups was increased as compared with that before treatment (<0.01) and that of cGMP decreased as compared with that before treatment (<0.01). After treatment, the level of cAMP in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (<0.01) and that of cGMP was lower than the control group (<0.01). The total effective rate was 93.3% (42/45) in the observation group, better than 73.3% (33/45) in the control group (<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#The balance acupuncture therapy combined with exercise re-learning rehabilitation effectively improves the motor function of the affected limb, relieves injury and regulate the levels of serum cAMP and cGMP in the patients with hemiplegia of ischemic stroke.
Sujet(s)
Humains , Points d'acupuncture , Thérapie par acupuncture , Encéphalopathie ischémique , Thérapeutique , AMP cyclique , Sang , GMP cyclique , Sang , Hémiplégie , Thérapeutique , Accident vasculaire cérébral , Thérapeutique , Réadaptation après un accident vasculaire cérébral , Résultat thérapeutiqueRÉSUMÉ
Objective@#To investigate the clinical practicability and prognostic value of Helsinki CT score in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).@*Methods@#A retrospective case series study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 124 TBI patients admitted to First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from September 2016 to October 2018. There were 91 males and 33 females, aged 14-84 years, with an average age of 49 years. Glasgow coma score (GCS) at admission ranged from 3-8 points in 45 patients, 9-12 points in 42 patients, and 13-15 points in 37 patients. According to Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) at 6 months after injury, 26 patients were classified into the poor prognosis group with GOS of 1-3 points and 98 patients were in the good prognosis group with GOS of 4-5 points. The prognosis-related risk factors were analyzed, and the role of Helsinki CT score to predict the adverse prognosis and mortality of TBI patients in the two groups was investigated. The sensitivity and specificity of Helsinki CT Score for 6-month poor prognosis were evaluated by receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC).@*Results@#Univariate analysis suggested that there were significant differences in terms of subdural hematoma, intracranial hematoma, extradural hematoma, hematoma volume >25 cm3, intraventricular hemorrhage and suprasellar cistern pressure between the poor prognosis group and good prognosis group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the mortality and bad prognosis were related to the hemorrhage of ventricles, the pressure of suprasellar cistern and the disappearance of suprasellar cistern in the poor prognosis group and the good prognosis group (P<0.05), while intracranial hematoma and hematoma volume showed no association with mortality and poor prognosis (P>0.05). The Helsinki CT score could independently predict the adverse prognosis and mortality of TBI patients at 6 months (multivariate logistic regression: ORdeath=1.21, ORadverse prognosis=1.14). Helsinki CT score had a better predictive ability of 6-month mortality (AUC=0.85) than that of 6-month adverse prognosis (AUC=0.76), and had a predictive value for 6-month mortality and adverse prognosis.@*Conclusions@#Subdural hematoma, extradural hematoma, intraventricular hemorrhage and suprasellar cistern state (compression or disappearance) are the risk factors for the poor prognosis of TBI patients. Intraventricular hemorrhage and suprasellar cistern state are the main risk factors for predicting the mortality of 6 months. Helsinki CT score can independently predict the adverse prognosis and mortality of TBI patients at 6 months, and has relatively better value in predicting the mortality.
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Objective To investigate the clinical practicability and prognostic value of Helsinki CT score in patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI).Methods A retrospective case series study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 124 TBI patients admitted to First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from September 2016 to October 2018.There were 91 males and 33 females,aged 14-84 years,with an average age of 49 years.Glasgow coma score(GCS)at admission ranged from 3-8 points in 45 patients,9-12 points in 42 patients,and 13-15 points in 37 patients.According to Glasgow outcome scale(GOS)at 6 months after injury,26 patients were classified into the poor prognosis group with GOS of 1-3 points and 98 patients were in the good prognosis group with GOS of 4-5 points.The prognosis-related risk factors were analyzed,and the role of Helsinki CT score to predict the adverse prognosis and mortality of TBI patients in the two groups was investigated.The sensitivity and specificity of Helsinki CT Score for 6-month poor prognosis were evaluated by receiver operation characteristic(ROC)curve and area under the curve(AUC).Results Univariate analysis suggested that there were significant differences in terms of subdural hematoma,intracranial hematoma,extradural hematoma,hematoma volume＞25 cm3,intraventricular hemorrhage and Suprasellar cistern pressure between the poor prognosis group and good prognosis group(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the mortality and bad prognosis were related to the hemorrhage of ventricles,the pressure of suprasellar cistern and the disappearance of suprasellar cistern in the poor prognosis group and the good prognosis group(P＜0.05),while intracranial hematoma and hematoma volume showed no association with mortality and poor prognosis(P＞0.05).The Helsinki CT score could independentiy predict the advetse prognosis and mortality of TBI patients at 6 months(multivariate logistic regression: ORdealth=1.21,ORadvene prognosis = 1.14).Helsinki CT score had a better predictive ability of 6-month mortality(AUC = 0.85)than that of 6-month advetse prognosis(AUC = 0.76),and had a predictive value for 6-month mortality and advetse prognosis.Conclusions Subdural hematoma,extradural hematoma,intraventricular hemorrhage and suprasellar cistern state(compression or disappearance)are the risk factots for the poor prognosis of TBI patients.Intraventricular hemorrhage and suprasellar cistern state are the main risk factots for predicting the mortality of 6 months.Helsinki CT score can independently predict the advetse prognosis and mortality of TBI patients at 6 months,and has relatively better value in predicting the mortality.
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The efficacy of decompressive craniectomy (DC) in reducing traumatic brain injury mortality has been affirmed,but there are also many serious complications.Syndrome of the trephined (ST) and paradoxical herniation (PH) are rare complications.ST is characterized by a series of neurological deterioration due to skin flaps subsidence from weeks to months after DC.These neurological impairments are closely related to the subsequent repair of skull defects.PH shows progressive decrease in consciousness on the basis of ST,changes in pupils on the side of skull defects,low touch pressure at the defect window,and obvious midline shift and brain stem compression on CT.ST and PH have common inducements in pathophysiology,including cerebrospinal fluid dynamics,atmospheric pressure,cerebral blood flow and brain material metabolism.There is no consensus on the diagnosis of ST and PH,and early cranioplasty is suggested in terms of treatment.This article reviews the clinical manifestations,pathophysiological changes,diagnosis and treatment of ST and PH after DC operation,so as to provide references for clinicians to further understand ST and PH.
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Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of intracranial pressure monitoring in ventricular puncture for patients with posttraumatic diffuse brain swelling under guidance of real-time intraoperative ultrasound. Methods Sixty-seven patients with posttraumatic diffuse brain swelling, admitted to and accepted intracranial pressure monitoring in ventricular puncture under real-time intraoperative ultrasound in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2017, were chosen as experimental group; and other 71 patients with posttraumatic diffuse brain swelling, admitted to and accepted traditional intracranial pressure monitoring in ventricular puncture in our hospital from January 2012 to June 2014, were chosen as control group. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed, and the success rate of primary puncture and complications were compared between the two groups. Results The success rate of primary puncture in the experimental group was 100％ (67/67), and that in the control group was 77.5％ (55/71), with significant difference (P<0.05). No catheter-related infection was noted in either group. Only one patient in study group had puncture tract bleeding, while 9 patients in the control group had puncture tract bleeding; abnormal puncture location was noted in 8 patients of the control group, including 5 failing to be punctured in the ventricle, one puncturing to the contralateral ventricle, and two having excessive puncture depth; occurrence of postoperative complications in study group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Real-time intraoperative ultrasound-guided puncture ventricle drainage is superior to conventional bind-puncture in traumatic patients with diffuse brain swelling, and can be widely used in clinical practice.
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Objective To investigate the effect of bone flap reduction on unilateral acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) under intracranial pressure monitoring.Methods A retrospective case control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 139 patients with unilateral ASDH admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from July 2014 to December 2017.There were 84 males and 55 females,aged 19-87 years (mean,53 years).At the time of admission,the Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) was 3-5 points in 63 patients and 6-8 points in 76.There were 40 patients with unilateral cavity dilation and 16 cases with bilateral pupil dilation.According to the different surgical methods,the patients were divided into study group (n =61) and control group (n =78).The study group removed the cranial hematoma under cranial pressure monitoring and determined whether to perform bone flap reduction according to the actual intracranial pressure.The control group was treated with craniotomy hematoma removal and standard large bone decompressed craniectomy (DC).The success rate of bone flap reduction in the study group was recorded.The complications at postoperative 3 months and the Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) at postoperative 6 months were compared.Results All patients were followed up for 1-6 months,average 5.5 months.In the study group,23 patients underwent bone flap reduction,and the bone flap reduction rate was 38％.At postoperative 3 months,the study group showed better efficacy in subdural effusion (9:25),hydrocephalus (7 ∶19),and brain swelling in the skull defect area(5 ∶ 18) than the control group (P ＜0.05).Based on the GOS at 6 months after operation,in the study group,25 patients were with good results,nine with moderate disability,10 with heavy disability,seven with plant survival,and 10 died;in the control group,six patients were with good results,21 with moderate disability,15 with heavy disability,10 with plant survival,and 26 died.The number of patients with good prognosis (good and moderate disability) and the number of deaths in the study group were statistically different from those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclsion In the treatment of unilateral ASDH,bone flap reduction under intracranial pressure monitoring can reduce the incidence of complications and improve the life quality of patients.
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Objective Minimally invasive treatment of orthopedic diseases is the general direction of future development of medicine.This study was designed to observe the effect of manual reduction combined with percutaneous kyphoplasty (MR+PKP) in the treatment of fresh osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures ( OVCF) in elderly patients. Methods Sixty OVCF patients aged 60-86 ( mean 72.3) years were randomly assigned to 2 groups of e-qual number to be treated by MR+PKP and PKP alone, respectively. Comparisons were made between the two groups of patients in the op-eration time, volumeand permeability of the bone cement injected,changes of the Cobb angle,restoration of the anterior height of the compressed vertebral bodies,pre-and post-operative Visual Analogue Scale ( VAS) pain scores, OswestryDisability Indexes ( ODIs) , and other differences observed before and aftersurgery. Results Op-erations were performed successfully in all the 60 cases.In the MR+PKP group, the mean operation time was 61 min, the mean volume of bone cement injected was 5.1mL with qualified distribution, and bone cement leakage occurred in 1 case without adverse reaction. Statistically significant differences were found in the pre-and post-operativeanterior height of the compressed vertebral bodies, Cobb an-gle, VAS scores, and ODIs (P<0.05).Compared with the PKP control, MR+PKP achieved a significant increase at 3 days and 3 months after surgery in the anterior height of the compressed vertebral bodies ([22.4±1.4] vs [26.8±8.1] mm and [21.4±4.2] vs [26.5±7.2]mm, P<0.05), and a decrease in the Cobb angle ([8.6±2.7] vs [8.1±2.1]°and [9.0±2.3] vs [8.3±1.8]°, P<0.05) as well as remarkably reduced VAS scores (4.1±2.2vs 3.1±2.0, P<0.05)and ODIs (23.0±3.1vs25.6±3.3, P<0.05) at 3 d postopera-tively. Conclusion MR+PKP, with its advantages of effective pain-relief, improvement of the height of compressed vertebral bodies, and reduction of bone cement leakage,is better than PKP alone for the treatment of OVCF in elderly patients.
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OBJECTIVE@#Based on the sequence differences of Amelogenin homologous gene in the X and Y chromosomes, a pair of specific primers was designed to identify the sex of archaeological samples.@*METHODS@#Ancient DNA fragments were extracted from the bones and teeth of sacrificial slaves with an improved method that combines phenol-chloroform extraction, silicon dioxide adsorption with ultrafiltration concentration. The polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) was used to detect PCR products.@*RESULTS@#Seven in sixteen samples from eight graves showed positive results and the targeted segments were visible: a male with two bands of 106bp (Amel-X) and 112 bp (Amel-Y), while a female with only one band of 106 bp (Amel-X). Ancient DNA analyzing results from tooth samples are more marked than that from bones.@*CONCLUSION@#The improved extraction method is more effective for ancient DNA extraction, which reduced the PCR inhibitors and lowered experimental costs. The sex determination technology based on Amelogenin homologous gene is an important and feasible method in the molecular archaeological research.