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Background@#Cardiovascular risk is a modifiable factor that can help prevent dementia.Given the dearth of optimal treatment options, managing dementia risk factors is crucial. We examined the association between cardiovascular risk, as measured by the Korean coronary heart disease risk score (KRS), and cognitive function in dementia-free elderly individuals. @*Methods@#We enrolled 8,600 individuals (average age: 69.74 years; 5,206 women) who underwent a medical evaluation from the National Health Insurance Service. KRS was calculated using age, sex, blood pressure, lipid profile, diabetes, and smoking status. Cognitive function was evaluated using Korean Dementia Screening QuestionnaireCognition (KDSQ-C). Scores of ≥ 6 indicated a cognitive decline. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Weight, height, stroke history, coronary heart disease history, alcohol consumption, and physical activity engagement were adjusted. @*Results@#The lowest, middle, and highest groups, according to the KRS, were 5,923 (68.9%), 2,343 (27.2%), and 334 (3.9%), respectively. The highest KRS group in all participants exhibited a greater risk of cognitive decline than the lowest KRS group (OR, 1.339; 95% CI, 1.034–1.734; P = 0.027). The highest KRS female group aged 71–75 years old exhibited greater cognitive decline than the corresponding lowest KRS group (OR, 1.595; 95% CI, 1.045–2.434; P = 0.031). @*Conclusion@#Individuals with high cardiovascular risk were associated with poorer cognitive function than those with low risk, especially older women. Cardiovascular risk factors should be carefully managed to promote healthy mental aging in dementia-free elderly individuals.
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Pancytopenia represents a unique challenge for primary care doctors and its etiological causes encompass various specialties, including hematology and rheumatology. Despite the existence of effective tests such as bone marrow biopsy and immunoassays to rule out the potential causes of pancytopenia, it is often difficult to pinpoint the exact diagnosis. In this case report, we have described such a ‘gray zone’ patient, who presented with pancytopenia, neutropenia, and splenomegaly, and was being treated for fungal pneumonia before being transferred to Severance Hospital (department of family medicine). As the patient had a 10-year history of multiple, long-term hospital admissions that were having a severely debilitating impact on the quality of life, we performed a partial splenic embolization as a potential cure for the symptoms. Although this induced acute blood count recovery, it failed to prevent eventual mortality from septic shock.
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Pancytopenia represents a unique challenge for primary care doctors and its etiological causes encompass various specialties, including hematology and rheumatology. Despite the existence of effective tests such as bone marrow biopsy and immunoassays to rule out the potential causes of pancytopenia, it is often difficult to pinpoint the exact diagnosis. In this case report, we have described such a ‘gray zone’ patient, who presented with pancytopenia, neutropenia, and splenomegaly, and was being treated for fungal pneumonia before being transferred to Severance Hospital (department of family medicine). As the patient had a 10-year history of multiple, long-term hospital admissions that were having a severely debilitating impact on the quality of life, we performed a partial splenic embolization as a potential cure for the symptoms. Although this induced acute blood count recovery, it failed to prevent eventual mortality from septic shock.
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Foreign body aspiration is most likely to occur in children and in adults aged above 60 years, causing a respiratory emergency, such as airway closure. It is diagnosed based on a history of aspiration, presenting symptoms, and radiographic findings. The treatment may include removal of the foreign body via bronchoscopy or surgery. Here, we report a rare case of bronchial aspiration of a foreign body, confirmed with clinical and radiographic examinations, in a 57-year-old patient. The patient was transferred for treatment; however, spontaneous passage of the foreign body to the gastrointestinal tract led to its removal from the bronchus.
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Adulte , Enfant , Humains , Adulte d'âge moyen , Bronches , Bronchoscopie , Urgences , Corps étrangers , Tube digestif , Inhalation bronchiqueRésumé
BACKGROUND: Incidence of whooping cough is increasing in Korea. Since 2011, occurrence among adolescents and adults has risen putting vulnerable neonates at risk. National immunization guidelines now include Tdap (tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis) vaccination during pregnancy and as a cocooning strategy (i.e., vaccinating adults and adolescents in contact with neonates). This study assessed post-marketing Tdap (Boostrix®, GSK, Belgium) vaccine safety in subjects ≥ 10 years. METHODS: This open, non-comparative multi-center study was conducted over six years at 10 hospitals in Korea. Subjects received Tdap in normal clinical practice according to local prescribing information. All adverse events (AEs) were recorded, classified as expected or unexpected, and severity and relationship to Tdap were assessed. RESULTS: The analysis included 672 Korean subjects (mean age, 44 years; range, 11–81), 451 were women and 211 were pregnant. Ninety subjects experienced 124 AEs (incidence 13.39%) of which six were serious AEs (SAEs) assessed as not related to vaccination, and 51 were non-SAEs related to vaccination (mostly administration site reactions). Overall 65/124 AEs were unexpected; the most common were 14 constipation, 5 dyspepsia, 4 common cold and 4 premature labor cases. One case of common cold was assessed as possibly related to vaccination. Pregnancy outcome was ‘live infant, no apparent congenital anomaly’ in 195 subjects (92.42%) or ‘lost to follow-up’ in 16 subjects. CONCLUSION: Tdap administration to Korean subjects ≥ 10 years, including pregnant women, for the prevention of diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis was shown to have a well-tolerated safety profile. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01929291
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Adolescent , Adulte , Femelle , Humains , Nourrisson , Nouveau-né , Grossesse , Rhume banal , Constipation , Anatoxine diphtérique , Diphtérie , Dyspepsie , Immunisation , Incidence , Corée , Travail obstétrical prématuré , Issue de la grossesse , Femmes enceintes , Études prospectives , Anatoxine tétanique , Tétanos , Vaccination , CoquelucheRésumé
BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome is associated with cardiovascular diseases and is characterized by insulin resistance. Recent studies suggest that the triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDLC) ratio predicts insulin resistance better than individual lipid levels, including TG, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), or HDLC. We aimed to elucidate the relationship between the TG/HDLC ratio and metabolic syndrome in the general Korean population. METHODS: We evaluated the data of adults ≥20 years old who were enrolled in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2013 and 2014. Subjects with angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, stroke, or cancer were excluded. Metabolic syndrome was defined by the harmonized definition. We examined the odds ratios (ORs) of metabolic syndrome according to TG/HDLC ratio quartiles using logistic regression analysis (SAS ver. 9.4; SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). Weighted complex sample analysis was also conducted. RESULTS: We found a significant association between the TG/HDLC ratio and metabolic syndrome. The cutoff value of the TG/HDLC ratio for the fourth quartile was ≥3.52. After adjustment, the OR for metabolic syndrome in the fourth quartile compared with that of the first quartile was 29.65 in men and 20.60 in women (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The TG/HDLC ratio is significantly associated with metabolic syndrome.
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Adulte , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Angine de poitrine , Maladies cardiovasculaires , Cholestérol , Insulinorésistance , Lipoprotéines , Modèles logistiques , Infarctus du myocarde , Enquêtes nutritionnelles , Odds ratio , Accident vasculaire cérébral , TriglycérideRésumé
BACKGROUND: Microalbuminuria and obesity markers are known risk factors for cardiovascular or renal disease. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of microalbuminuria according to body mass index (BMI) and abdominal obesity criteria. METHODS: The study subjects included 3,979 individuals aged 30 years or older who did not have diabetes, hypertension, renal failure, or overt proteinuria, from among those who participated in The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2013, a cross-sectional, nationally representative, stratified survey. Microalbuminuria was defined as a urinary albumin to creatinine ratio of 30 to 300 mg/g. BMI and waist circumference were classified according to the Asia-Pacific criteria. RESULTS: The prevalence of microalbuminuria was found to be 5.1%. In the normoalbuminuria group, 3.4%, 41.7%, 24%, 27.6%, and 3.2% of participants were included in the underweight, normal, overweight, obesity 1, and obesity 2 groups, respectively. These percentages in the microalbuminuria group were 7.1%, 34.5%, 19.2%, 28.6%, and 10.6%, respectively (P<0.001). The waist circumference in men was 21.4% in the normoalbuminuria group and 36.5% in the microalbuminuria group (P=0.004). Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between the presence of microalbuminuria and BMI or waist circumference groups. The risk of microalbuminuria was significant only in the underweight group (odds ratio, 13.22; 95% confidence interval, 2.55-68.63; P=0.002) after adjusting for confounding factors, abdominal obesity was not significantly associated with microalbuminuria. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of microalbuminuria in a general population in Korea was associated with underweight in men and was not associated with waist circumference in either men or women.
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Adulte , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Indice de masse corporelle , Créatinine , Hypertension artérielle , Hypertension rénale , Corée , Modèles logistiques , Malnutrition , Enquêtes nutritionnelles , Obésité , Obésité abdominale , Surpoids , Prévalence , Protéinurie , Facteurs de risque , Maigreur , Tour de tailleRésumé
OBJECTIVES: The association between smoking and obesity is a significant public health concern. Both are preventable risk factors of cardiovascular disease and a range of other conditions. However, despite numerous previous studies, no consensus has emerged regarding the effect of smoking on obesity. We therefore carried out a novel study evaluating the relationship between smoking and obesity. METHODS: A total of 5,254 subjects aged 19 years or older drawn from the 2010-2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included in this cross-sectional study. Smoking was examined both in terms of smoking status and the quantity of cigarettes smoked by current smokers. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between smoking and obesity. Overall obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2, and central obesity was defined as a waist circumference ≥90 cm for males and ≥85 cm for females. We adjusted for the possible confounding effects of age, sex, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and the presence of hypertension or diabetes. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference in central obesity according to smoking status was identified. Current smokers were more likely to be centrally obese than never-smokers (adjusted odds ratio,1.30; 95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 1.67). However, no significant association was found between smoking and obesity defined by BMI. Moreover, among current smokers, no statistically significant association was found between the daily amount of smoking and obesity or central obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking was positively associated with central obesity. Current smokers should be acquainted that they may be more prone to central obesity.
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Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Consommation d'alcool , Indice de masse corporelle , Maladies cardiovasculaires , Consensus , Études transversales , Hypertension artérielle , Corée , Modèles logistiques , Activité motrice , Enquêtes nutritionnelles , Obésité , Obésité abdominale , Santé publique , Facteurs de risque , Fumée , Fumer , Produits du tabac , Tour de tailleRésumé
OBJECTIVES: Several studies found a significant association between earlobe crease (ELC) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a group of high-risk factors that are a collection of cardiovascular risk factors. Scant data are available about the relationship between ELC and MS. The purpose of the current study was to examine the correlation between ELC and MS. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed on 3,835 subjects (1,672 females, 43.6%) aged 20 to 79 years who visited a health promotion center. To increase the reliability of the diagnosis of MS, both the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria were applied. Independent association between ELC and MS was assessed using multiple logistic regression analysis after adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS: The frequency of ELC was 20.89% and the prevalence of MS was 11.03% (NCEP criteria) and 9.75% (IDF criteria). The prevalence of both ELC and MS significantly increased with age. The modified Framingham risk score was significantly higher in subjects with ELC than without. After adjusting for conventional risk factors for CVD, the risk of MS increased significantly in the presence of ELC. CONCLUSION: The current study showed that the odds ratio for MS increased in the presence of ELC in Korean adults. ELC is an auxiliary indicator of MS, although prognostic value might be limited. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the clinical significance of ELC.
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Adulte , Sujet âgé , Femelle , Humains , Adénosine triphosphate , Maladies cardiovasculaires , Cholestérol , Études transversales , Promotion de la santé , Modèles logistiques , Odds ratio , Prévalence , Facteurs de risqueRésumé
PURPOSE: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) generally varies depending on its diagnostic definition, and many different definitions inevitably lead to substantial confusion and lack of comparability between studies. Despite extensive research, there is still no gold standard for the definition of MetS, which continues to be a matter of debate. In this study, we investigate whether and to what extent its individual components are related to the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Korean population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used data from the 2005 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which is a nationally representative survey of the noninstitutionalized civilian population. The study sample consisted of 1,406 Korean adults (587 men, 819 women) who were diagnosed with MetS based on the revised National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) criteria. Central obesity is defined as a waist circumference cutoff point reported in Asia-Pacific criteria for obesity based on waist circumference by the World Health Organization. CVD was defined as presence of stroke, myocardial infarction, or angina pectoris on a medical history questionnaire. RESULTS: The CVD prevalence among the subjects was 6.8% for men and 8.6% for women. Besides age, the components of MetS showing a significant difference in the number of CVD events were high fasting glucose (FG) in men and high blood pressure (BP) and high FG in women. After adjusting for gender and age, high FG was shown to yield a significant difference (odds ratio: unadjusted 2.08, adjusted 1.81), alone among all MetS components. However, after adjusting for only age, no significant difference was found. CONCLUSION: Fasting glucose level is the highest predicting factor for CVD in Korean patients with MetS based on the revised NECP definition.
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Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Facteurs âges , Glycémie/analyse , Maladies cardiovasculaires/épidémiologie , Loi du khi-deux , Promotion de la santé , Enquêtes de santé , Hypertension artérielle/complications , Syndrome métabolique X/complications , Odds ratio , République de Corée/épidémiologie , Facteurs de risque , Facteurs sexuelsRésumé
Malakoplakia is an uncommon but distinctive type of chronic granulomatous inflammation that occurs most commonly in the genitourinary tract, especially the urinary bladder. Most patients have associated conditions characterized by some degree of immunosuppression, as seen in solid-organ transplants, autoimmune diseases requiring steroid use, chemotherapy, chronic systemic diseases, alcohol abuse and poorly controlled diabetes. We report an unusual case of the renal malakoplakia that involved the perirenal space, extending to the descending colon in a 65-year-old Korean woman with secondary adrenal insufficiency and diabetes mellitus.
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Sujet âgé , Femelle , Humains , Insuffisance surrénale , Alcoolisme , Maladies auto-immunes , Côlon descendant , Diabète , Immunosuppression thérapeutique , Inflammation , Rein , Corée , Malacoplasie , Transplants , Vessie urinaireRésumé
Churg-Strauss syndrome is a rare primary vasculitis called allergic granulomatosis angiitis. There is a substantial overlap of symptoms or signs between different vasculitides, so that a diagnosis of any vasculitis can be determined by a combination of clinical symptoms and laboratory tests. We report a case of a 54-year-old woman who had bronchial asthma, eosinophilia, peripheral polyneuropathy, pulmonary infiltrate, maxillary sinusitis, and extravascular eosinophilic infiltration on skin biopsy. So she was diagnosed as having Churg-Strauss syndrome, but she was antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-negative on immunologic study. She had fever and showed cardiac involvement that was presented as cardiomegaly and pulmonary edema at chest radiography and left ventricular hypertrophy on electrocardiography. After steroid therapy, general condition and skin manifestation were rapidly improved.
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Femelle , Humains , Adulte d'âge moyen , Anticorps anti-cytoplasme des polynucléaires neutrophiles , Asthme , Biopsie , Cardiomégalie , Syndrome de Churg-Strauss , Cytoplasme , Électrocardiographie , Éosinophilie , Granulocytes éosinophiles , Fièvre , Hypertrophie ventriculaire gauche , Sinus maxillaire , Sinusite maxillaire , Polyneuropathies , Oedème pulmonaire , Peau , Manifestations cutanées , Thorax , VasculariteRésumé
BACKGROUND: In the primary care setting, compliance with lipid lowering therapy was relatively low. In order to compare the efficacy of a short messaging service (SMS) text messaging and postal reminder as means of improving attendance rates during the first 24 weeks of lipid-lowering therapy, a randomized controlled trial of 918 patients from 19 family practice clinics was conducted between February 2003 and June 2006. METHODS: Patients were randomly assigned into 3 groups: SMS (327), postal (294),and control (297) group. To ascertain attendance rates, patients were followed up at 24 weeks after their treatment. Reminders were sent at 16 weeks from the coordinating center. RESULTS: Overall attendance rate was 74.1%. This differed between groups, with 76.1% attendance for the SMS group, 73.5% for the postal group, and 72.4% for the control group. According to a multivariate analysis, the SMS group had a significantly higher attendance rate (Odds ratios [OR] 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 2.16) than the control group, but the postal group (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.69) did not. Moreover, the cost per attendance for the SMS reminder (155 Korean Won [KRW]) was much lower than that for the postal reminder (722 KRW). CONCLUSION: SMS reminder may be more cost saving method to improve the attendance rate compared with the postal reminder.
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Humains , Compliance , Économies , Médecine de famille , Analyse multifactorielle , Soins de santé primaires , Envoi de messages textuelsRésumé
Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis) is a rare disease characterized by lymphadenitis with fever. It is self-limited within one to four months, and is generally diagnosed by an excisional biopsy of the affected lymph node. Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease has a wide variety of nonspecific symptoms and it is sometimes misdiagnosed as malignant lymphoma, lymph node tuberculosis, or systemic lupus erythematosus. Because clinical course and treatment of this disease differ from those of others, Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease must be included in differential diagnosis of enlarged lymph node. In this report, we discribed a case of 24-year-old male patient who visited the clinic complaining of fever, petechiae, and enlarged lymph node. He was diagnosed as Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease and immune thrombocytopenic purpura.
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Humains , Mâle , Jeune adulte , Biopsie , Diagnostic différentiel , Fièvre , Lymphadénite nécrosante histiocytaire , Lupus érythémateux disséminé , Noeuds lymphatiques , Lymphadénite , Lymphomes , Purpura , Purpura thrombopénique idiopathique , Maladies rares , Tuberculose ganglionnaireRésumé
Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis) is a rare disease characterized by lymphadenitis with fever. It is self-limited within one to four months, and is generally diagnosed by an excisional biopsy of the affected lymph node. Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease has a wide variety of nonspecific symptoms and it is sometimes misdiagnosed as malignant lymphoma, lymph node tuberculosis, or systemic lupus erythematosus. Because clinical course and treatment of this disease differ from those of others, Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease must be included in differential diagnosis of enlarged lymph node. In this report, we discribed a case of 24-year-old male patient who visited the clinic complaining of fever, petechiae, and enlarged lymph node. He was diagnosed as Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease and immune thrombocytopenic purpura.
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Humains , Mâle , Jeune adulte , Biopsie , Diagnostic différentiel , Fièvre , Lymphadénite nécrosante histiocytaire , Lupus érythémateux disséminé , Noeuds lymphatiques , Lymphadénite , Lymphomes , Purpura , Purpura thrombopénique idiopathique , Maladies rares , Tuberculose ganglionnaireRésumé
The overall prognosis of acute pyelonephritis is good, but the infections by extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli (E.coli) cause poor responses to empirical antibiotic treatment, and consequently increase mortality. ESBL can hydrolyze the antibiotics with a beta-lactam ring and confer resistance to oxyimino-cephalosporins and monobactams. If the patient shows poor responses to empirical antibiotics or severe septic conditions, physicians must switch the antibiotics to other antibiotics covering resistant strains without delay. We report a case of acute pyelonephritis by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing E.coli in a 29-year-old woman who was empirically treated with oral ciprofloxacin as an initial treatment, but progressed to sepsis.
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Adulte , Femelle , Humains , Antibactériens , bêta-Lactamases , Ciprofloxacine , Escherichia , Escherichia coli , Monobactames , Pronostic , Pyélonéphrite , SepsieRésumé
The overall prognosis of acute pyelonephritis is good, but the infections by extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli (E.coli) cause poor responses to empirical antibiotic treatment, and consequently increase mortality. ESBL can hydrolyze the antibiotics with a beta-lactam ring and confer resistance to oxyimino-cephalosporins and monobactams. If the patient shows poor responses to empirical antibiotics or severe septic conditions, physicians must switch the antibiotics to other antibiotics covering resistant strains without delay. We report a case of acute pyelonephritis by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing E.coli in a 29-year-old woman who was empirically treated with oral ciprofloxacin as an initial treatment, but progressed to sepsis.
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Adulte , Femelle , Humains , Antibactériens , bêta-Lactamases , Ciprofloxacine , Escherichia , Escherichia coli , Monobactames , Pronostic , Pyélonéphrite , SepsieRésumé
The most common cause of small bowel obstruction is postoperative adhesion, and besides a hernia, metastatic or primary cancer and small bowel tumors are possible causes. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal obstruction and is associated with debilitating conditions with marked weight loss. SMA syndrome results from the compression of the third part of the duodenum due to the narrowing of the aortomesenteric angle. We report a 28-year-old woman with SMA syndrome after acute gastroenteritis. Her stomach was severely dilated due to the duodenal obstruction and computed tomography showed the compression of the third portion of the duodenum by SMA. She was conservatively cared for and thus favorably improved.
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Adulte , Femelle , Humains , Occlusion duodénale , Duodénum , Gastroentérite , Hernie , Artère mésentérique supérieure , Estomac , Syndrome de l'artère mésentérique supérieure , Perte de poidsRésumé
BACKGROUND: Incidentally discovered gallbladder polyp in a health check-up has been increasing in numbers due to the extended use of ultrasonography. Past research has reported on the relationship between body mass index and gallbladder (GB) polyp. As there has been a recent rise in the prevalence of obesity, this research attempted to study GB polyp prevalence and the trend according to time elapse in Korea. METHODS: Retrospective cross sectional research was carried out from the data of Korean Association of Health Promotion, between January 2, 2003 to August 3, 2007 in the subjects who received abdominal ultrasonography. The subjectrs excluded were those below 20 years of age, non-Asian and those who have received cholecystectomy. The number of eligible subjects were 137,135, where 69,493 were males and 67,642 were females. RESULTS: Out of 137,135 subjects, the number of subjects with GB polyp were 5,278, where 3,163 were males and 2,115 were females. According to 2005 census, the age adjusted prevalence was 3.7% (3,656 per 100,000). The prevalence for males was 4,403 per 100,000 (4.4%) and for females 2,943 per 100,000 (2.9%). The prevalence has been increasing for the past five years. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of GB polyp in Korea was found to be higher than the pre-existing reports and the prevalence was higher in males than females. The prevalence is on the increase and there is a need to be more attentive to this issue in the future.
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Adulte , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Indice de masse corporelle , Recensements , Cholécystectomie , Vésicule biliaire , Promotion de la santé , Corée , Obésité , Polypes , Prévalence , Études rétrospectivesRésumé
OBJECTIVES: Several studies have found a significant association between the presence of earlobe crease (ELC) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Brachial-ankle Pulse Wave Velocity (baPWV) is a non-invasive and useful measure of arterial stiffness predicting cardiovascular events and mortality. However, few studies have reported the relationship between ELC and baPWV as a new measure of arterial stiffness. The purpose of this study was to determine whether ELC is related to baPWV in non-diabetic, non-hypertensive, and apparently healthy Korean adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 573 non-hypertensive, non-diabetic Korean adults aged 20-80 yr. Subjects were stratified into three groups according to gender and menopausal status. baPWV was measured by an automatic waveform analyser. The association between ELC and baPWV was assessed by multiple linear regression analysis after adjusting for conventional cardiovascular disease risk factors including age, gender, blood pressure, lipid profile, and smoking status etc. RESULTS: The overall frequency of ELC was 19.02% and the subjects with ELC showed significantly higher mean baPWV (p<0.0001). Multiple linear regression of subjects revealed that the presence of ELC was independently associated with baPWV (male, p<0.0001; premenopausal female p=0.0162; postmenopausal female p=0.0208). CONCLUSION: ELC had a significant correlation with baPWV, independently controlling for other classical cardiovascular risk factors in adults aged 20 yr or older. ELC is an important surrogate marker of increased arterial stiffness as measured by baPWV in Korean adults.