Interactive effects between health literacy and mobile phone dependence as well as its relation with unintentional injuries in middle school students / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To investigate the interaction between health literacy, mobile phone dependence and unintentional injuries in middle school students, and to provide guidance for prevention on unintentional injuries in adolescents. Methods: From November 2015 to January 2016, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 22 628 middle school students in Shenyang of Liaoning province, Bengbu of Anhui province, Xinxiang of Henan province, Ulanqab of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Chongqing and Yangjiang of Guangdong province. Chinese Adolescent Interactive Health Literacy Questionnaire (CAIHLQ), Self-rating Questionnaire for Adolescent Problematic Mobile Phone Use (SQAPMPU), and Unintentional Injuries Assessment Scale and demographic variables were used to measure the health literacy, mobile phone dependence and unintentional injuries among the Chinese middle school students. Results: The detection rates of mobile phone dependence and unintentional injuries were 25.4% and 46.7%, respectively. The rates of unintentional injuries of middle school students with mobile phone dependence and with low, medium and high health literacy were 53.6%, 44.4% and 48.8%, 48.1%, 41.7%. Factors as mobile phone dependence, low and middle health literacy were positively related to unintentional injuries (OR=1.452, 1.196, 1.364). However, the multiplicative interaction between mobile phone dependence and health literacy on unintentional injuries was noticed significant (OR=1.217, 95%CI: 1.041-1.422). Conclusions: Our results showed that the prevalence of unintentional injuries was relatively high in middle school students. Health literacy and mobile phone dependence seemed related to unintentional injuries. Interaction between health literacy and mobile phone dependence on unintentional injuries appeared significant.

Surveillance data on notifiable infectious diseases among students aged 6-22 years in China, 2011-2016 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases among Chinese students from 2011 to 2016 and to provide reference for the effective prevention and control programs on infectious disease among students. Methods: Both morbidity and mortality of notifiable infectious diseases among Chinese students aged 6-22 years from 2011 to 2016 were analyzed, with main characteristics of the disease described. Results: During 2011 to 2016, morbidities of Categories A, B and C infectious diseases among the Chinese students aged 6-22 years showed a decreasing trend, from 248.24/100 000 in 2012 to 158.57/100 000 in 2016. Mortality rates of Category A, B and C infectious diseases had also decreased from 0.12/100 000 in 2011 to 0.07/100 000 in 2016. The average morbidity of the top four diseases from Category A and B infectious diseases appeared as: tuberculosis (16.24/100 000), scarlet fever (9.39/100 000), hepatitis B (7.69/100 000) and bacillary and amebic dysentery (7.15/100 000). The average rates of mortality on the top four diseases appeared as: rabies (0.044 8/100 000), HIV/AIDS (0.027 7/100 000), tuberculosis (0.008 0/100 000) and Japanese encephalitis (0.005 9/100 000). The average rates of morbidity on the top four diseases appeared as: mumps (75.81/100 000), hand-foot-mouth disease (28.55/100 000), other infectious diarrhea (22.41/100 000) and influenza (15.67/100 000) in the Category C. Reported death cases were from hand-foot-mouth disease (11 cases), influenza (9 cases), mumps (1 case) and rubella (1 case). The prevalence rates varied among different student populations, with higher HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B and tuberculosis rates among college and senior high school students, while higher mumps, influenza and hand-foot-mouth disease rates among primary school and junior high school students. Conclusions: Both morbidity and mortality of notifiable infectious diseases among Chinese students aged 6-22 years had decreased significantly in 2011-2016. However, the major infectious diseases had become new challenges among students. HIV/AIDS had become a key infectious disease among college students and the relatively high prevalence of tuberculosis was seen in college and high school students.

Phospholipid fatty acids analysis of the vertical distribution of microbial communities in eutrophic lake sediments

Vertical distribution of microbial communities in a eutrophic lake sediments of Lake Xuanwu was quantified by phospholipid fatty acids analysis and multivariate statistical analysis was employed to interprete the data. Principle component analysis of sediment characteristics parameters, including total nitrogen, total phosphorus, organic matters and pH produced clustering of sampling sites for two distinct groups. These groups corresponded with the two sampling stations and the levels of nutrient enrichment. Total phospholipid fatty acids concentration, which is indicative of microbial biomass, reduced with depth, however, the relative percentage of anaerobic prokaryotes increased. To assess changes of microbial community along depth, phospholipid fatty acids compositions were analyzed by cluster analysis. Distinct clusters were observed in different sampling stations. Canonical correspondence analysis was carried out to infer the relationship between sediment characteristics and microbial communities. Phospholipid fatty acids samples collected at the same sampling site clustered together. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed that the environmental parameter with the greatest bearing on the phospholipid fatty acids profiles was pH. This study proved the successful application of phospholipid fatty acids and multivariate analysis to investigate the relationship between environment factors and microbial community composition