Conformational Engineering of Antibody Fragments on The Surface of Platinum Nanoparticles / 生物化学与生物物理进展

ObjectiveRecent successful restoration of the native conformation and function of the complementary-determining regions (CDRs) of antibodies on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) demonstrates that the era of molecular conformational engineering is dawning. Basically, molecular conformational engineering aims to precisely tune flexible non-functional molecules into special conformations to carry out novel functions, in the same way as protein folding. In order to explore the general applicability of molecular conformational engineering, as well as to reveal the mechanism of protein structure-function relationship, the objective of this work is to restore the native conformation and function of the CDRs of an antibody on platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs). MethodsThe CDR fragment of the anti-lysozyme antibody cAB-lys3, which has no stable conformation or function in free state, was conjugated onto the surface of PtNPs through two Pt-S bonds. The original antigen-recognizing function of the CDR restored on PtNPs was assessed by the specific inhibition of the enzymatic activity of lysozyme by the PtNP-CDR conjugates. ResultsAfter optimization of the peptide density on the surface of PtNPs and modification of PtNPs with polyethylene glycol (PEG), the resulted PtNP-based hybrid artificial antibody (PtNP-10PEG-30P1), dubbed Platinumbody, could bind specifically to lysozyme and significantly inhibit the activity of lysozyme. ConclusionThis is the first time that the fragment of a protein could refold on PtNPs. Together with the previous Goldbody and Silverbody, current work demonstrates that artificial proteins could be generally created by restoration of the native conformation of natural proteins fragments on NPs.

Prognosis of traumatic spinal cord injury in children: Follow-up of 86 patients / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

PURPOSE@#The long-term situation of children with spinal cord injury (SCI) was investigated, and suggestions for helping them better return to the society were provided.@*METHODS@#SCI patients less than 18 years old hospitalized in Beijing Boai Hospital from January 2011 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Information including motor function, complications, characteristic changes, self-care abilities, school attendance and social participation were collected by telephone interview and electronic questionnaire. All the answers were statistically analyzed.@*RESULTS@#A total of 86 cases were enrolled, 77 girls and 9 boys, with a median injury age of 6 years and 2 months. The follow-up time was 3-130 months. The main cause of trauma in these children was sport injury (66.3%), the thoracic spinal cord was involved the most (91.9%), and complete SCIs accounted for the majority (76.7%). In terms of complications, children with complete SCIs were more likely to have urinary incontinence, constipation and characteristic changes (p < 0.05); whereas the incomplete SCIs often have spasticity (p < 0.05). As to the daily living abilities, children with incomplete lumbar SCIs were more capable to accomplish personal hygiene, transfer, and bathing independently than those with complete injuries, or cervical/thoracic SCIs, respectively (p < 0.05). Moreover, children older than 9 years care more able to dress and transfer independently than the youngers (p < 0.05). Wheelchair users accounted for 84.9% and more than half of them were able to propel wheelchair independently, and those who move passively in wheelchairs were mostly introverted kids (p < 0.05). Almost all (93.8%) children with incomplete injuries were able to walk independently. Most (79.1%) children continued to attending school, and 41.9% participated in interest classes. Unfortunately, 67.4% of the children spent less time playing with their peers than before the injury.@*CONCLUSION@#SCIs impair physical structures and function of children, affect their independence in daily living, and restrict school attendance and social interaction. Comprehensive rehabilitation after injury is a systematic work. Medical staff and caregivers should not only pay attention to neurological function, but also help them improve self-care abilities. It is also important to balance rehabilitation training and school work and social participation.

Analysis of clinical features and risk factors of heat stroke patients with infection / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and risk factors of infection in patients with heat stroke (HS).Methods:The patients with HS who were admitted to the emergency departments of seven hospitals, including West China Hospital of Sichuan University, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College and so on, between July 01, 2020 and September 30, 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The basic characteristics and laboratory test results of the patients were collected. The patients were divided into infected group and non-infected group according to the etiological results, and the differences in clinical characteristics between the different groups were compared. Multivariate logistic regression was used to screen variables, and the predictive model was established and ROC curve was performed to compare the predictive efficiency with SOFA score.Results:During the study period, a total of 183 patients with HS were included, and 156 patients were finally included for analysis according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Among them, 58 cases (37.2%) were in the infected group. The mortality of infected group was significantly higher than that of non-infected group (41.4% vs. 25.5%, P < 0.05). Compared with the patients in non-infected group, the infected gourp serum procalcitonin, direct bilirubin, alanine transaminase (ALT), creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase isoenzymes, myoglobin, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and respiratory support ratio at admission were significantly higher and albumin level was lower in infected group (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that myoglobin, ALT, APTT and respiratory support required at admission were independent risk factors for HS co-infection. A prediction model was constructed based on these four indicators, and the area under ROC curve of the prediction model was 0.846, which was better than SOFA score (0.732, P < 0.05). Conclusions:The prognosis of patients with heat stroke complicated with infection were obviously poor. Myoglobin, ALT, APTT and need for respiratory support at admission are risk factors for HS complicated with infection. The prediction model based on these four indicators is better than SOFA score for the early identification of the HS patients with infection.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can augment the effectiveness of cognition training for persons with vascular cognitive impairment / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of combining hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy with cognition training for persons with vascular cognitive impairment (VCI).Methods:Forty-two persons with VCI were randomly divided into a control group of 19 and a research group of 23. In addition to basic treatment, the control group was given hyperbaric oxygen therapy once a day, 5 days per week for 4 weeks, while the research group received cognition training along with the hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Each person′s cognition was assessed using the Simple Mental Status Scale (MMSE) before and after the four-week treatment. Meanwhile, 3ml of venous blood was collected before eating in the morning to test the plasma levels of Klotho protein and homocysteine using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Results:After the treatment the average MMSE score had improved significantly in both group, with the improvement in the research group′s average significantly greater than that in the control group. The average plasma levels of Klotho protein and homocysteine had also improved significantly more in the research group. In the control group, the only significant improvement was in the average homocysteine level.Conclusions:Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can be an effective supplement to cognition training for persons with vascular cognitive impairment.

Exploration of organoid in breast cancer related research / 生物工程学报

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. At present, the in vivo model and traditional cell culture are mainly used in breast cancer researches. However, as high as 90% clinical trials are failed for drugs explored by the above two methods, due to the inherent species differences between humans and animals, as well as the differences in the tissue structure between organs and cells. Therefore, organoid three-dimensional culture is emerging. As a new tumor research model, organoid, a three-dimensional cell complex with spatial structure, has broad application prospects, such as precision medicine, organ transplantation, establishment of refractory disease model, gene therapy and drug research and development. Therefore, organoid is considered as one of the ideal carriers for life science research in the future. Breast cancer, a heterogeneous disease with complex phenotypes, has a low survival rate. Breast cancer organoid can reproduce many key features of human breast cancer, thus, the construction of organoid biological library of breast cancer will provide a new platform for studying the occurrence, development, metastasis and drug resistance mechanism of breast cancer. In this review, we systematically introduce the culture conditions of organoids and their application in breast cancer related research, and the application prospect of organoids.

Aerobic exercise combined with hyperbaric oxygen therapy can improve post-stroke cognition and reduce oxidative stress / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of combining aerobic exercise with hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the cognition and oxidative stress of patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI).Methods:Forty-five PSCI patients were divided randomly into a hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) group (of 21) and a combination group (of 24). Both groups received HBO therapy, but the combination group also performed 30min of aerobic exercise using a cycle ergometer 5 times a week for 8 weeks. The HBO therapy involved 20min for pressurization, 20min of decompression, 60min of pressurized oxygen inhalation and 10min of air inhalation. The treatment pressure was 0.2MPa (2.0ATA). Before and after the intervention, cognitive functioning was measured using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and the Montreal cognitive assement (MoCA). The Barthel index quantified ability in the activities of daily living. Serum glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured spectrophotometrically.Results:The average MMSE scores of both groups had improved significantly after the treatment, with significantly better improvement in the combination group. After the treatment, the average MoCA score of the combination group had improved significantly while that of the HBO group had not. The average Barthel index scores of both groups improved significantly and there was no significant difference between them after the treatment. The average serum GSH increased after the treatment in the combination group, and the increase was weakly positively correlated with the increase in MMSE scores. The average MDA content of the HBO group decreased after the treatment, and the decrease was positively correlated to the increase in the MMSE scores, but again weakly.Conclusions:Aerobic exercise combined with hyperbaric oxygen therapy can effectively improve cognition among PSCI patients. Increases in serum GSH and decreases in serum MDA are weakly positively correlated with cognitive functioning.

Distribution of deuterosuccinylcholine chloride in rats determined by UPLC-MS/MS method / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To establish an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method to determine the distribution of deuterosuccinylcholine chloride (

Study on distribution of succinylcholine chloride at poisoning dose in rats by UHPLC-MS/MS analysis / 中国药理学通报

Aim To determine the distribution of succinylcholine chloride (Suc) at toxic dose in rats by establishing UHPLC-MS/MS analysis. Methods The rats were subcutaneously injected with three doses of Suc, and 4 h later, rat serum and major organs were taken for acetonitrile protein precipitation and purified by solid phase extraction with WCX column. Luna NH2 column (2 mm × 100 mm, 3 μm) was used for chromatography. The mobile phase was 0. 1% formic acid-acetonitrile isoelution. Mass spectrometry was carried outwith positive ion scanning multi-reaction monitoring mode (MRM). Qualitative and quantitative analysis was conducted on the ion pairs of Suc (m/z 145. 1→93.3, m/z 145.1→115.4). Results The detection limit of Suc was 0.01 μg · L-1, the recovery rate was 89. 5% ∼ 95. 4%, and the intraday and mtraday RSD was less than 15%. Except in the untreated rat, Suc was detected in the serum, heart, liver, kidney and other major organs from Sue-administered rats, and Suc content in the kidney was the highest among organs. Conclusions Sucat poisoning dose is distributed in the serum, heart, liver, kidney and other tissues. The content in the kidney is the highest; UHPLC-MS/ MS analysis is an effective and reliable method for detecting the drug content in Sue-poisoned rats.

Short-Term Efficacy of Two Different Access Site Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation for Saphenous Varicose Veins at Two Different Access Sites / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】 To investigate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound- guided above- knee and below- knee radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of saphenous varicose veins.【Methods】Patients who underwent ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation closure in our department from July 2019 to November 2019 were compared in operation time ， recovery time，volume of sclerosant foam，pain score，venous clinical severity score（VCSS），Aberdeen Varicose Veins Questionnaire （AVVQ）， and complications. 【Results】 Fifty- nine patients underwent above- knee radiofrequency ablation and 19 patients underwent below-knee radiofrequency ablation. The average operation time（69.75 vs. 78.95）min， time return to normal activity（2.93 vs. 3.58）min or the volume of foam（28.3 vs. 24.2）mL were similar in both groups. The pain score，VCSS，and AVVQ scores 24 h，1 week，or 4 w postoperative decreased significantly in the two groups. No deep vein thrombosis，pulmonary embolism，or infection occurred in the two groups after surgery. Other complications including phlebitis，pigmentation，bleeding，rash，or paresthesia，showed no difference in rates. And overall incidence of complications were similar between the two groups. 【Conclusions】 Both above-knee and below-knee radiofrequency ablation are safe and effective treatments for great saphenous varicose veins.

Effect of Sensomotor Insole on Gait and Energy Expenditure for Children with Cerebral Palsy / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To evaluate the effects of sensomotor insole (SMI) on gait and energy expenditure in children with spastic cerebral palsy during walking. Methods:From December, 2014 to March, 2016, 42 children with spastic cerebral palsy aged three to 15 years were recruited. Their gait parameters and energy expenditure of six minute walking were measured under two test conditions: walking with shoes and walking with shoes and SMI. Results:After wearing SMI, the walking distance, speed, left step length and right step length were all greater (t = -6.022~-4.331, Z= -4.814~-4.183, P < 0.001), the both feet single limb support was shorter (t = 2.954, P < 0.05), and the energy expenditure was higher than before (t = -2.358, P < 0.05). Conclusion:SMI as a sort of orthopedic insole, could improve the gait parameters of children with cerebral palsy immediately after wearing it, and increase the energy expenditure slightly.

Effect analysis of the cesarean scar pregnancy with intervention treatment and expectant treatment / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the clinical significance of cesarean scar pregnancy with expectatant treatment.METHODS: Collect 21 cases of CSP between 2012 and 2017 in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University.Group A had 8 cases who were pregnant again after intervention treatment,and group B had 13 cases who insisted on expecting treatment.We summarized clinical indexes of both groups,such as preserving uterus,bladder rupture,admission to ICU,blood transfusion,placenta implantation,etc. in order to further study the significance of expecting treatment for CSP.RESULTS: All of group A were pregnant again after intervention treatment,of whom 1 was CSP again and hysterectomy was performed at 15 weeks due to placenta implantation,while another 7 were uterine pregnancy,of whom 3 were term birth and had no placenta implantation,and another 4 were terminated in response to the requirements of patients,of whom 1 was treated with drug abortion and 3 underwent dilatation and curettage.Uterus was preserved in the 7 women,and there was no bladder rupture,no admission to ICU,no blood transfusion,and no placenta implantation.Among the 13 cases in group B, 6 cases underwent cesarean section during third trimester,including 3 cases of premature delivery and 3 cases of delivery at 37 weeks.5 cases were pregnant to second trimester,containing 4 cases received hysterectomy and 1 case suffered subtotal hysterectomy.2 cases were pregnant to first pregnancy, including 1 case of abdominal nidus resection, 1 case of ultrasound-guided dilation and curettage;Among the13 patients, 4 cases underwent bladder rupture, 4 cases lost uterus, 5 cases were admitted to the ICU, and 10 cases required blood transfusion.Placental implantation occurred in 11 cases who were pregnant to second and third trimester.CONCLUSION: Most of CSP with expecting treatment will develop into placenta implantation inevitably in the late stage of pregnancy.The patients with CSP can be pregnant again after early intervention and have extremely low possibility of a second CSP.

Application of nursing clinical ladder program based on Benner theory in nurses′ stratified training / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the effect of advanced hierarchical training based on Benner theory on nurses' core competence and post competency. Methods A total of 499 nurses were selected to participat in the training from January 2016 to December 2017. They were divided into before-training group and after- training group, the training method was based on the advanced hierarchical training model of energy level under the guidance of Benner′ s theory.The nurse′ s core competence, post competency, and nursing satisfaction were compared. Results The ratings of nurses′ critical thinking and research, clinical nursing, ethics and legal practice, professional development and education consultation (34.21±4.56), (30.12±5.25), (27.12±5.24), (25.46±4.52), (26.24±4.21), (20.21±3.56), (23.12± 5.24) points in after-training group were significantly higher than in before-training group (28.36±4.12), (26.45±4.52), (26.72±4.52), (25.12±4.12), (24.50±3.25), (18.65±3.12), (20.24±4.65) points (t=7.308-21.264, P<0.05 or 0.01). The scores of nurses' professional knowledge, professional skills, professional ability, and overall quality (72.32 ± 9.21),(93.24 ± 12.35), (43.34 ± 4.12), (54.20 ± 4.23) points were significantly higher than before training (68.25±8.32), (86.42±10.21), (41.05±5.24), (52.12±5.25) points (t=6.892-9.507, P<0.05 or 0.01), and patient satisfaction 92.67％(12164/13126) was significantly higher than before training 88.68％ (11106/12524) (χ2=121.409, P<0.01). Conclusion The advanced level-stratified training model based on Benner theory is helpful to promote the development of nurses′ core competence and post competency, and improve patient satisfaction.

Meta analysis of atorvastatin combined with trimetazidine in the treatment of angina pectoris of coronary heart disease / 中国医师杂志

Objective To evaluate efficacy and safety of Atorvastatin combined with trimetazidine Sibutramine treating angina pectoris of coronary heart disease.Methods Of computer retrieval China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),Wanfang database,VIP database and search atorvastatin statins combined with trimetazidine trimetazidine in the treatment of angina pectoris of coronary heart disease:a randomized controlled trial,according to Jadad scale to evaluate the quality of the included studies and extracted data.Meta analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3.Results In accordance with the inclusion criteria were included in the 18 study,a total of 1 848 patients.The software of RevMan 5.3 on cardiovascular events incidence,clinical curative effect,angina pectoris,blood lipid [total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)],the improvement of cardiac function [including cardiac index left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD),left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD)] and the adverse reactions of meta analysis showed that compared with pure atorvastatin,atorvastatin combined with trimetazidine can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events [OR =0.19,95％ Cl (0.11,0.35),P＜0.01],reduce seizure frequency and duration of angina [WMD =-1.52,95％ CI (-1.84,-0.99),P ＜ 0.01;WMD =-1.80,95％ CI (-2.20,-1.50),P ＜0.01],improve the clinical efficiency of [OR =4.78,95％ Cl (3.54,6.47),P ＜ 0.01] display.Blood lipid and cardiac ultrasound index show that atorvastatin combined with trimetazidine can better improve the patient's LVEDD [WMD =-2.69,95％ CI (-4.39,-0.98),P ＜ 0.01] LVESD [WMD =-6.92,95 ％ CI(-11.82,-2.02),P ＜ 0.01].The decrease of serum level of TC,TG,LDL-C was better than atorvastatin monotherapy,but there were no statistically significant differences in the improvement level of serum HDL-C in the included patients (P =O.17).In the included studies,atorvastatin combined with trimetazidine can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse reactions in patients [0R=0.33,95％ CI (0.13,0.85),P=0.02].Conclusions Atorvastatin combined with trimetazidine is safer and more effective than atorvastatin alone in the treatment of coronary heart disease angina pectoris.

Size Estimation of HLA -Ⅰ class Typed Platelet Apheresis Donor Bank / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To estimate the size of HLA -Ⅰ class typed platelet apheresis donor bank.@*METHODS@#A total of 16062 blood samples from Chinese Han voluntary unrelated marrow donors in Jiangsu were included in this study. Luminex-SSO was used to detect the HLA -Ⅰ class(A,B locus) antigens. The probability of finding at least one HLA matched unrelated donor was calculated based on the HLA -I class phenotype frequency.@*RESULTS@#The population genetic data of HLA -Ⅰ class in Jiangsu were obtained, the optinal bans size in HLA typed apheresis plateler donor registry databane hrad been estimated by evaluating the population genetic data of HLA-1 class same donor.@*CONCLUSION@#The establishment of HLA-1 class typed apheresis platelet donor bank with a total size of 1500 persons is acceptable, which can satisty the patients with phenotype freguency>0.002 to find at least 1 phenotype same donor in 95% probavility.

Association between the internal exposure levels of phthalates and executive function of preschool children / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the association between the internal exposure levels of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) and executive function (EF) of preschool children.@*Methods@#Between October 2008 and October 2010, pregnant women who accepted pregnancy health care services in four municipal medical and health institutions in Ma'anshan city, Anhui Province, were recruited as study objects. A total of 5 084 pregnant women and 4 669 singleton live births were enrolled in this cohort. The follow-up study was conducted from April 2014 to April 2015. A total of 3 725 data-completed preschool children aged 3 to 6 years older entered in this study. The method of analysis seven metabolites of phthalates in urine was high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) and divided objects into low (P0-P24), medium (P25-P74) and high (P75-P100) groups according to their exposure concentrations. To investigate the executive function of preschool children, we used the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool Version (BRIEF-P). Univariate and multivariate statistical method was used to analyze the etiology association between the phthalate metabolites levels and preschool children's executive function.@*Results@#In this study, 53.6% (1 997/3 725) of preschoolers were boys, children's age was (51.5±5.6) months. The detection rates of seven phthalate esters were: mono-n-methyl phthalate (MMP) was 99.89% (3 721/3 725); mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) was 99.97% (3 724/3 725); mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) was 69.10% (2 574/3 725); mono-butyl phthalate (MBP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) and mono- (2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) were 100.00% and mono-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) was 99.95% (3 723/3 725). The median concentrations of the seven phthalate metabolites were: 17.71, 15.36, 0.07, 155.24, 10.73, 14.67, 3.59 µg/L, respectively. The median concentrations corrected by urinary creatinine were 29.65, 26.65, 0.12, 257.73, 17.94, 24.80, 6.27 µg/g Cr, respectively. The P25 and P75 concentration of the total PAEs metabolites corrected by urinary creatinine were 1.20 µmol/g Cr and 3.04 µmol/g Cr. After adjusted the relevant demographic information: children sex, children age in month, maternal age, parental education levels, household exposure to secondhand smoke and whether the child is the only child as confounds, multivariate logistic regression model showed that the risk of inhibitory self-control index (ISCI) dysplasia in MEHHP high concentration group and MEOHP high concentration group were 1.71 and 1.54 times (OR=1.71, 95% CI: 1.11-2.62; OR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.01-2.34) than in low concentration group. The risk of ISCI dysplasia in total PAEs metabolites high concentration group was 1.55 times (OR=1.55, 95% CI: 1.00-2.38) than in low concentration group.@*Conclusion@#Phthalates exposure may damage the executive function of preschool children.

Association between early pregnancy bisphenol A exposure and sleep problems among preschool children / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To analyze the association between maternal bisphenol A exposure during early pregnancy and sleep problems among preschool children.@*Methods@#Research subjects were from one of the sub-cohorts(Ma'anshan Cohort) of the China-Anhui Birth Cohort Study (C-ABCS) in Ma'anshan city. The basic situation of pregnant women and sleep information of preschool children were investigated. We selected preschool children whose mother's maternal serum bisphenol A concentrations of the first trimester had been already detected between December 2012 to Januray 2014. 1 259 pairs of mothers and children were included. The concentrations of bisphenol A exposure during early pregnancy were divided into low, medium and high exposure groups according to 25th percentile (P25) and 75th percentile (P75) levels. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between maternal bisphenol A exposure during early pregnancy and sleep-related problems in preschool children.@*Results@#The P50 (P25-P75) of serum bisphenol A exposure level during early pregnancy was 0.231 (0.106-0.512) ng/ml. The sleep-related problems scores of 1 259 preschool children were (16.43±3.82) points. The occasional sleep-related problems were detected about 47.8% (602 cases) and frequent sleep-related problems were detected about 18.3% (230 cases). After the adjustment of the confounding factors such as children's gender, age, BMI, sleep position (lying down, sleeping on one's back), the length of time to sleep and the length of sleep at night, in comparison with bisphenol A low exposure group, the OR (95%CI) value of preschool children with occasional sleep-related problems in maternal bisphenol A high exposure group during early pregnancy was 1.44 (1.01-2.06). After the gender stratification, the results showed that in comparison with bisphenol A low exposure group, the OR (95%CI) value of preschool girls with occasional sleep-related problems in maternal bisphenol A medium and high exposure group during early pregnancy were 1.61 (1.05-2.46) and 2.40 (1.42-4.04), respectively. The OR (95%CI) value of preschool girls with frequent sleep-related problems in maternal bisphenol A high exposure group during early pregnancy was 2.64 (1.34-5.17). However, in boys, there was no statistically significant association between maternal bisphenol A exposure during early pregnancy and sleep-related problems (P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#Maternal bisphenol A exposure during early pregnancy might be related to sleep-related problems in preschool children.

Intestinal Microbiota and Kidney Diseases / 中国结合医学杂志

Kidney diseases are common and the incidence rate is increasing. Gut microbiota is involved in metabolic and immune regulation of the host. Genetic, alimentary and environmental disease factors may change gut flora and increase opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria, contributing to immune or non-immune mediated kidney diseases including IgA nephropathy and diabetic nephropathy. Additionally, bacterial metabolites may be a source of uremic toxins. Thus, identification of diversity, composition, and metabolic and immunologic features of gut bacteria in chronic kidney diseases may help understand pathogenetic mechanism and develop therapy for diseases.

Exposure to bisphenol A during maternal pregnancy and the emotional and behavioral impact on their preschool children / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To explore the long-term effects of maternal pregnancy bisphenol A (BPA) exposure on emotional and behavioral problems appeared in their preschool children. Methods: The study sample was a subset of the China-Anhui Birth Cohort Study (C-ABCS). A unified questionnaire was used to collect basic information on both pregnant women and their children. Free BPA concentration in maternal serum was determined by high-performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The parent-report version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to estimate the emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children. A total of 1 713 pairs of mothers and children were included in this study. Association between BPA exposure during pregnancy and the emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children was evaluated with multinomial logistic regression model. Results: Prevalence rates in 1 713 preschool children appeared as: 6.48% of emotional problems, 8.11% for conduct problems, 8.35% for hyperactivity/inattention, 2.86% for peer problems, 11.38% for prosocial behaviors and 7.94% for total difficulties. Subjects were divided according to the degrees of exposure and the results showed as: low exposure group (≤0.120 ng/ml), medium exposure group (0.120<BPA<0.400 ng/ml) and high exposure group (≥0.400 ng/ml) according to the serum BPA concentration in tertile. Results from the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high level of maternal BPA exposure appeared a risk factor on children's abnormal conducts (OR=1.876, 95% CI: 1.161-3.029), more obvious in boys (OR=2.291, 95%CI: 1.126-4.661). Conclusion: Maternal exposure to high level of BPA during pregnancy might increase the detrimental effects of abnormal conducts in their preschool children, more obviously seen in boys.

Effect of cystatin from Schistosoma japonicum on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of cysteine protease inhibitor derived from S chistosoma japonicum(SjCys-tatin)on dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced acute ulcerative colitis in mice.Methods Eighteen C57BL/6 mice were ran-domly divided into three groups:a control group treated with PBS(Group A),a DSS-induced-colitis group treated with PBS(Group B),and a DSS-induced-colitis group treated with SjCystatin(Group C).Colitis was induced in mice by giving 3％DSS orally for 7 days.During this period,the mice were daily injected with 10μg of SjCystatin or PBS only as a control intraperitone-ally.The mice were monitored daily for their clinical manifestations and given scores based on disease activity index(DAI).The severity of colonic inflammation was monitored by the macroscopic score and pathological change.The cytokine profile including TNF-α,IL-4,IL-6 and IL-10 in the supernatants of colon homogenate was detected by ELISA.Results Compared with Group A(0.50 ± 0.28),the DAI score increased significantly in Group B(9.30 ± 1.30)(F=86.86,P<0.01),with remarkable path-ological damages seen in colon tissues.and the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were(321.33±67.01)and(403.58 ±180.51)pg/mL.The DAI score significantly reduced in Group C(6.67±1.57)as compared to Group B(F=86.86,P<0.01),with improve-ments in the macroscopic and microscopic pathology in mouse colon specimens.As compared to Group B,the levels of TNF-α [(188.14 ± 40.14)pg/mL] and IL-6 [(209.71 ± 48.47)pg/mL] significantly decreased(F=17.46 and 9.89,both P<0.01).Con-clusion SjCystatin has a significantly inhibitory effect for alleviating DSS-induced acute ulcerative colitis in C57BL/6 mice.

Exposure to bisphenol A during maternal pregnancy and the emotional and behavioral impact on their preschool children / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the long-term effects of maternal pregnancy bisphenol A (BPA) exposure on emotional and behavioral problems appeared in their preschool children.Methods The study sample was a subset of the China-Anhui Birth Cohort Study (C-ABCS).A unified questionnaire was used to collect basic information on both pregnant women and their children.Free BPA concentration in maternal serum was determined by high-performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS).The parent-report version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to estimate the emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children.A total of 1 713 pairs of mothers and children were included in this study.Association between BPA exposure during pregnancy and the emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children was evaluated with multinomial logistic regression model.Results Prevalence rates in 1 713 preschool children appeared as:6.48％ of emotional problems,8.11％ for conduct problems,8.35％ for hyperactivity/ inattention,2.86％ for peer problems,11.38％ for prosocial behaviors and 7.94％ for total difficulties.Subjects were divided according to the degrees of exposure and the results showed as:low exposure group (≤0.120 ng/ml),medium exposure group (0.120＜BPA＜0.400 ng/ ml) and high exposure group (≥0.400 ng/ml) according to the serum BPA concentration in tertile.Results from the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high level of maternal BPA exposure appeared a risk factor on children's abnormal conducts (OR=1.876,95％CI:1.161-3.029),more obvious in boys (OR=2.291,95％CI:1.126-4.661).Conclusion Maternal exposure to high level of BPA during pregnancy might increase the detrimental effects of abnormal conducts in their preschool children,more obviously seen in boys.