Association between Antipsychotic-Related Restless Legs Syndrome and the RORA Gene Polymorphism in Schizophrenia / 대한정신분열병학회지

OBJECTIVES: The previous studies have suggested genetic vulnerability to restless legs syndrome (RLS) development. The occurrence of antipsychotic-related RLS could also be attributable to differences in genetic susceptibility. This study aimed to investigate whether Retinoid-related orphan receptor A (RORA) gene polymorphism is associated with antipsychotic-related RLS in schizophrenia. METHODS: We assessed symptoms of antipsychotic-induced RLS in 190 Korean schizophrenic patients and divided the subjects into two groups according to the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group diagnostic criteria : 1) subjects that met all of the criteria (n=44) and 2) the remaining subjects who were not considered to be RLS patients (n=146). Single-nucleotide polymorphism in the RORA gene was genotyped by PCR in 190 individuals. The chi2-test was conducted to compare differences between two groups. RESULTS: The frequencies of genotype (chi2=0.066, p=0.968) of the RORA gene (rs11071547) did not differ significantly between schizophrenic patients with and without RLS. The difference of allele frequencies (chi2=0.008, p=0.927) of the RORA gene (rs 11071547) between the schizophrenic patients with and without RLS were not significant. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that RORA gene polymorphism does not play a major role in susceptibility to antipsychotic-related RLS in schizophrenia.

Current Trends in the Epidemiological and Pathological Characteristics of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors in Korea, 2003-2004

Despite remarkable progress in understanding and treating gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) during the past two decades, the pathological characteristics of GISTs have not been made clear yet. Furthermore, concrete diagnostic criteria of malignant GISTs are still uncertain. We collected pathology reports of 1,227 GISTs from 38 hospitals in Korea between 2003 and 2004 and evaluated the efficacy of the NIH and AFIP classification schemes as well as the prognostic factors among pathologic findings. The incidence of GISTs in Korea is about 1.6 to 2.2 patients per 100,000. Extra-gastrointestinal GISTs (10.1%) are more common in Korea than in Western countries. In univariate analysis, gender, age, tumor location, size, mitosis, tumor necrosis, vascular and mucosal invasions, histologic type, CD34 and s-100 protein expression, and classifications by the NIH and AFIP criteria were found to be significantly correlated with patient's survival. However, the primary tumor location, stage and classification of the AFIP criteria were prognostically significant in predicting patient's survival in multivariate analysis. The GIST classification based on original tumor location, size, and mitosis is more efficient than the NIH criteria in predicting patient's survival, but the mechanism still needs to be clarified through future studies.

Prevalence and Clinicopathologic Features of Mucinous Cystic Tumor and Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Tumor of Pancreas in Korea

BACKGROUND: Mucin producing cystic neoplasms, such as mucinous cystic tumor (MCT) and intraductal papillary mucinous tumor (IPMT) of the pancreas, are uncommon but become increasing in their incidences. The pathologic classification and biologic potential of these neoplasmsremain the subject of controversy. METHODS: The Gastrointestinal Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists analyzed the clinicopathologic characteristics of 85 casesof MCT and 72 cases of IPMT and examined the expression patterns of p53, CEA and MUC1. RESULTS: IPMT was located largely in the head, and showed connection with the main pancreatic duct (MPD, 68.1%), no ovarian-like stroma (0/72), and presence of intervening intratumoralnormal or atrophic parenchyma. On the other hand, MCT was located largely in thetail (73%), and showed common ovarian-like stroma (66/80), rare connection with the MPD(7/85) and no intervening pancreatic parenchyma. CEA and p53 immunoexpressions weresignificantly increased from adenoma through borderline to carcinoma, but MUC 1 was expressedonly in the invasive carcinoma among cases of MCT and IPMT. CONCLUSIONS: The tumorlocation, ovarian-like stroma, connection with the MPD and intratumoral intervening nonneoplastictissue were helpful in the differential diagnosis between IPMT and MCT. CEA and p53expressions can be indicators of malignancy, while MUC 1 expression can indicate invasion.

A Case of Adenoma Malignum at the Uterine Cervix / 대한산부인과학회잡지

We report one case of adenoma malignum of the cervix. Adenoma malignum is an extremely well-differentiated form of adenocarcinoma in which the branching glandular pattern strongly simulates that of the normal endocervical glands. This term has been used to describe a very well-differentiated adenocarcinoma characterized histologically by distorted and architecturally irregular endocervical glands which penetrate deeply into the wall of the cervix, but with minimal and focal evidence of glandular cell stratification, anaplasia, or mitotic activity. Despite this innocuous histologic appearance, these tumors have classically been thought to be clinically highly malignant, with an almost invariably rapid lethal outcome. The diagnosis of minimal deviation adenocarcinoma (adenoma malignum) of the endocervix may be difficult. The diagnosis was adenocarcinoma on the Pap Smear treatment has been hysterectomy.