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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of percutaneous foraminal endoscopy in the treatment of lumbar lateral recess stenosis in elderly.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 31 elderly patients with lumbar lateral recess stenosis treated by percutaneous foraminal endoscopic decompression from March 2018 to August 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Including 16 males and 15 females, aged from 65 to 81 years with an average of (71.13±5.20) years, the course of disease ranged from 3 months to 7 years with an average of (14.36±6.52) months. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were used to assess clinical symptom and functional status before operation and 1, 6, 12 months after operation. At the final follow-up, the modified Macnab standard was used to evaluate clinical efficacy.@*RESULTS@#All patients were completed the operation successfully. The operation time was from 75 to 120 min with an average of (97.84±11.22 ) min. All 31 patients were followed up from 12 to 28 months with an average of (17.29±5.56) months. Postoperative lumbago-leg pain VAS and ODI were significantly improved at 1, 6, and 12 months(P<0.01). At the final follow-up, according to the modified Macnab standard to evaluate the effect, 23 got excellent results, 5 good, 3 fair. One patient had severe adhesions between peripheral tissues and nerve root, and postoperative sensory abnormalities in the lower extremities were treated conservatively with traditional Chinese medicine and neurotrophic drugs, which recovered at 2 weeks after surgery. No complications such as nerve root injury and infection occurred.@*CONCLUSION@#The intervertebral foraminal endoscopy technique, which is performed under local anesthesia for a short period of operation, ensures adequate decompression while minimizing complications, and is a safe and effective surgical procedure for elderly patients with lumbar lateral recess stenosis.
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Mâle , Femelle , Humains , Sujet âgé , Nourrisson , Sténose pathologique/chirurgie , Sténose du canal vertébral/chirurgie , Décompression chirurgicale/méthodes , Études rétrospectives , Vertèbres lombales/chirurgie , Endoscopie/méthodes , Résultat thérapeutiqueRésumé
Objective To propose an Alzheimer's disease(AD)classification method based on deep learning and multimodal physiological data.Methods Multimodal data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative(ADNI)database of AD patients,early mild cognitive impairment(EMCI)patients,late mild cognitive impairment(LMCI)patients and normal cognition(NC)subjects were selected.Three networks were used for AD classification,of which an improved New_ResNet50 network extracted the features of MRI images of the subject's brain to realize AD classification,a 3D-Unet-Attention network segmented the hippocampus images and implemented residual network-based AD classification,and a multi-layer perception(MLP)network carried out AD classification based on patient physiological data and hippocampus size,and the final classification results were determined with the voting method.Comparison analyses were performed on the classification results by the improved New_ResNet50 network model,3D-Unet-Attention network model or traditional network models,and the improved New_ResNet50 network model,3D-Unet-Attention network model and MLP network model were all compared with the fusion network model involving in the three networks model above.Results The improved New_ResNet50 network model and 3D-Unet-Attention network model both had the classification accuracy enhanced when compared with the traditional network models,and the fusion network model had a classification accuracy of 97.99%for AD patients and control normal,which was higher by 1.51%,1.51%and 14.62%than those by the improved New_ResNet50 network model,3D-Unet-Attention network model and MLP network model respectively.Conclusion The classification method proposed behaves well for AD classification,and can be used for auxiliary diagnosis of AD.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2023,44(11):1-8]
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This study aimed to analyze aflatoxins content and fungal community distribution in the harvesting and processing of Platycladi Semen, and explore the key link that affects aflatoxins contamination. The related Platycladi Semen samples of different maturity periods(cone non-rupture period, early rupture, and complete rupture period) and different processing periods(before drying, during 2-d drying, during 7-d drying, before and after seed scale removal, before and after peeling, 1 d after color sorting, and 7 d after color sorting) were collected for identifying the fungal community composition on sample surface by ITS amplicon sequencing. Then the content of aflatoxins B_1, B_2, G_1 and G_2 was determined by HPLC-MS/MS. The results showed that during the harvesting of Platycladi Semen from cone non-rupture to complete rupture, aflatoxins were only detected in the seed scale and seed coat, with aflatoxin G_2 in the seed scale and aflatoxin B_1 in the seed coat. During the drying, with the prolongation of drying time, aflatoxins B_1 and G_2 were detected simultaneously in the seed scale, aflatoxin B_1 in the seed coat, and low-content aflatoxin B_1 in the seed kernel. During subsequent processing, the aflatoxin content in seed kernel during subsequent processing was slighted increased. As demonstrated by fungal detection, Aspergillus flavus was not present during the harvesting of Platycladi Semen, but present during the drying and processing. Its content in the seed coat during the drying process was relatively higher. In short, Platycladi Semen should be harvested as soon as possible after it becomes fully mature. Drying process is the key link of preventing aflatoxin contamination. It is advised to build a sunlight room or adopt similar settings, standardize the operations in other processes, and keep the surrounding environment clean to minimize aflatoxin contamination.
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Aflatoxines/analyse , Aspergillus flavus , Contamination des aliments/prévention et contrôle , Mycobiome , Sperme/composition chimique , Spectrométrie de masse en tandemRésumé
ObjectiveTo investigate the antidiarrheal effect and mechanism of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens on diarrhea mice, and to provide research basis for the inhibition of intestinal peristalsis by Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens and its application in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. MethodThe diarrhea model of mice was established by Sennae Folium. The control group, model group, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens low-, medium-, high-dose groups (0.1, 0.32, 1.0 g·kg-1) and loperamide group (1.6 g·kg-1) were set. The intervention effect of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens with different doses on diarrhea mice was detected by diarrhea score, incidence rate of loose stools (LSIR), grade of average loose stools (ALSG), diarrhea index (DI), intestinal propulsion rate and intestinal pathological section. The serum metabonomics of mice was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS), principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The conditions were as follows:mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution (A)-0.1% formic acid acetonitrile solution (B) for gradient elution (0-3.5 min, 5%-15%B; 3.5-6 min, 15%-30%B; 6-6.5 min, 30%B; 6.5-12 min, 30%-70%B; 12-12.5 min, 70%B; 12.5-18 min, 70%-100%B), flow rate of 0.4 mL·min-1, injection volume of 5 µL, electrospray ionization (ESI), positive and negative ion detection modes, acquisition range of m/z 100-1 500. ResultCompared with the model group, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens high-dose group could obviously reduce the diarrhea score, LSIR, ALSG, DI and intestinal propulsion rate (P<0.05, P<0.01), and improve the intestinal mucosal injury. There were 40 main differential metabolites among the control group, model group and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens high-dose group, including glucose 1-phosphate, xanthine, xanthosine and so on. The metabolic pathways mainly included starch and sucrose metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, fructose and mannose metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and galactose metabolism. ConclusionZingiberis Rhizoma Recens can inhibit intestinal peristalsis in diarrhea mice and exert antidiarrhoea effect, the mechanism of which may be related to the regulation of carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism.
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ObjectiveTo explore the differences in response to bakuchiol-induced hepatotoxicity between Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice and Kunming (KM) mice. MethodThe objective manifestations of bakuchiol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice were confirmed by acute and subacute toxicity animal experiments, and enrichment pathways of differential genes between normal ICR mice and KM mice were compared by transcriptomics. The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time qPCR) assay was used to verify the mRNA expression of key genes in the related pathways to confirm the species differences of bakuchiol-induced liver injury. ResultIn the subacute toxicity experiment, compared with the normal mice, the ICR mice showed increased serum content of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and 5′-nucleotidase (5′-NT), without significant difference, and no manifest change was observed in KM mice. Pathological results showed that hepatocyte hypertrophy was the main pathological feature in ICR mice and hepatocyte steatosis in KM mice. In the acute toxicity experiment, KM mice showed erect hair, mental malaise, and near-death 3 days after administration. The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in KM mice (400 mg·kg-1) significantly increased(P<0.01), and the activity of total reactive oxygen species (SOD) in liver significantly decreased(P<0.01)compared with those in normal mice, while the serum content of 5′-NT and cholinesterase (CHE) in ICR mice (400 mg·kg-1) were significantly elevated (P<0.01). The liver/brain ratio in ICR mice increased by 20.34% and that in KM mice increased by 29.14% (P<0.01). The main pathological manifestation of the liver in ICR mice was hepatocyte hypertrophy, while those in KM mice were focal inflammation, hepatocyte hypertrophy, and hepatocyte steatosis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)and Reactome pathway enrichment analyses showed that the differential gene expression between ICR mice and KM mice was mainly involved in oxidative phosphorylation, bile secretion, bile acid and bile salts synthesis, and metabolism pathway. CYP7A1 was up-regulated in all groups with drug intervention (P<0.01) and MRP2 was reduced in all groups with drug intervention of KM mice (P<0.01) and elevated in all groups with drug intervention of ICR mice (P<0.01) compared with those in the normal group. The expression of BSEP was lowered in ICR mice with acute liver injury (400 mg·kg-1) (P<0.05). SHP1 was highly expressed in KM mice with acute liver injury (400 mg·kg-1). The expression of FXR was diminished in ICR mice with subacute liver injury (200 mg·kg-1) (P<0.01). SOD1, CAT, and NFR2 significantly decreased in KM mice with acute liver injury (400 mg·kg-1), and CAT dwindled in KM mice with subacute liver injury (200 mg·kg-1) (P<0.01). GSTA1 and GPX1 significantly increased in KM mice with acute liver injury (400 mg·kg-1) (P<0.01) and SOD1, CAT, NRF2, and GSTA1 significantly increased in ICR mice with subacute liver injury (200 mg·kg-1) (P<0.01). CAT and NRF2 significantly increased in ICR mice with acute liver injury (400 mg·kg-1) (P<0.01). ConclusionWith the increase in the dosage of bakuchiol, the liver injury induced by oxidative stress in KM mice was gradually aggravated, and ICR mice showed stronger antioxidant capacity. The comparison of responses to bakuchiol-induced hepatotoxicity between ICR mice and KM mice reveals that ICR mice are more suitable for the investigation of the mechanisms related to bile secretion and bile acid metabolism in the research on bakuchiol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. KM mice are more prone to liver injury caused by oxidative stress.
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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease due to impaired pulmonary development and is one of the main causes of respiratory failure in preterm infants. Preterm infants with BPD have significantly higher complication and mortality rates than those without BPD. At present, comprehensive management is the main intervention method for BPD, including reasonable respiratory and circulatory support, appropriate enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition, application of caffeine/glucocorticoids/surfactants, and out-of-hospital management after discharge. The continuous advances in stem cell medicine in recent years provide new ideas for the treatment of BPD. Various pre-clinical trials have confirmed that stem cell therapy can effectively prevent lung injury and promote lung growth and damage repair. This article performs a comprehensive analysis of the mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of BPD, so as to provide a basis for clinical applications.
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Humains , Nouveau-né , Dysplasie bronchopulmonaire/prévention et contrôle , Nutrition entérale , Prématuré , Poumon , Cellules souches mésenchymateusesRésumé
As a traditional Chinese medicinal material, Lonicera japonica has a long medicinal history. The chemical constituents of Lonicera japonica are complex, mainly including iridoid glycosides, flavonoids, triterpenes, organic acids and volatile oil. Iridoid glycosides account for a higher proportion. In addition, modern pharmacological studies have shown that the iridoid glycosides have many pharmacological activities such as antivirus, anti-inflammation, anti-tumor, liver protection and lowering blood sugar. This review intends to systematically summarize the iridoid glycosides identified from Lonicera japonica and their pharmacological activities by searc-hing Chinese and English databases, in order to provide a reference for the further development and utilization of Lonicera japonica and for the improvement of quality standards of medicinal materials.
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Anti-inflammatoires , Flavonoïdes , Hétérosides/pharmacologie , Glycosides d'iridoïdes/pharmacologie , Lonicera , Extraits de plantesRésumé
The concepts of acupuncture-moxibustion "academic school" "school of thought" and "school" are differentiated. It is believed that "academic school" is the general term of "school of thought" and "school". This paper puts forward a solution to the confusion of related concepts, disunity of formation conditions, disunity of divisionmethods and disunity of nomenclature. It is proposed that a great concentration should be put on the arrangement of acupuncture-moxibustion academic school and the regulation on related issues. Because of the complexity and diversity of the form and content of acupuncture-moxibustion schools, the division of them should not be so specified and the unification of related issues should not be so strictly required.
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Acupuncture , Thérapie par acupuncture , Moxibustion , Établissements scolairesRésumé
A common clinical problem encountered by colorectal surgeons is the secondary tumors of the ovary (STO), particularly in young female patients. Most STO are from the digestive tract, and the known possible metastatic mechanisms include lymphatic, hematogenous, and intraperitoneal spreading. The molecular and histopathological characteristics of STO from different sites are diverse. It is particularly important to correctly identify the origin and feature of STO, which should be clarified by combining medical history, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, molecular biology, imaging and other means. The prognosis of patients with STO is poor in general. Comprehensive therapies based on surgical resection can benefit some patients. There is no specific treatment for STO at present, but not giving up easily on these patients is the right choice that every surgeon should understand.
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Femelle , Humains , Tumeurs colorectales/thérapie , Tumeur de Krukenberg , Tumeurs de l'ovaire/chirurgie , Pronostic , ChirurgiensRésumé
Natural deep eutectic solvent (NDES) is a kind of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) which is composed of natural substances with good biocompatibility. Those substances can function as hydrogen bond donor and acceptor, such as choline, amino acids, sugars, etc. NDES have been widely used in many fields due to their advantages of low cost, easy preparation and environmental friendliness. It is especially suitable for the pharmaceutical industry because of its good biocompatibility and safety for use. In this paper, we firstly review the molecular simulation methods for current design of DESs from the formation principle. And then, the materials and preparation of NDES are reviewed and the physicochemical properties are further described. Finally, we review the current application of NDES in pharmaceutics including increasing drug solubility, promoting drug permeability and enhancing oral drug absorption, and meanwhile their future applications in pharmaceutics were also prospected.
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OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical efficacy between moxibustion and acupuncture for knee osteoarthritis (KOA), and to observe the effect on serum tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA).@*METHODS@#A total of 60 patients with KOA were randomized into a moxibustion group (30 cases, 2 cases dropped off) and an acupuncture group (30 cases, 2 cases dropped off). In the aucpuncture group, acupuncture was applied at Neixiyan (EX-LE 4), Dubi (ST 35), Heding (EX-LE 2), Xuehai (SP 10), Liangqiu (ST 34), Zusanli (ST 36) and point on the affected side for 30 min.In the moxibustion group, moxibustion was adopted at knee for 60 min. The treatment was given once every two days for 4 weeks, totally 14 times. Before and after treatment, the western ontario and McMaster universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) score was compared, and the therapeutic effect was evaluated in the two groups. The contents of serum TNF-αand IL-1β, the activity of serum SOD and the serum level of MDA were detected in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the WOMAC scores and the contents of serum TNF-α, IL-1β and MDA after treatment were reduced (<0.05), the activity of serum SOD was increased (<0.05) in the two groups. In the moxibustion group, the WOMAC score and the contents of serum TNF-α, IL-1β and MDA after treatment were lower than the acupuncture group (<0.05), the activity of serum SOD was higher than the acupuncture group (<0.05). The total effective rate was 89.3% (25/28) in the moxibustion group, which was superior to 42.9% (12/28) in the acupuncture group (<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Moxibustion and acupuncture can relieve KOA symptoms, and the therapeutic effect of moxibustion is superior to acupuncture. The mechanism may be related to the reduction of serum inflammatory factor and oxidative stress factor.
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The aim of this paper was to compare different effects of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets from 6 different manufacturers on multiple organ injuries in rats and to explore mechanism of hepatotoxicity preliminarily from the perspective of apoptosis and oxidative stress. Rats were randomly divided into the groups normal, Zhejiang, Hunan, Hubei, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Fujian(7 groups with 16 rats in each group, sex in half). Rats were given Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets at 144 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(16 times the clinical equivalent dose) once a day according to its corresponding group like rats in Zhejiang group was given Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets from Zhejiang manufactures continuously for 20 days with the life and death situation of mice to be observed, then rats were executed to detect various indicators. RESULTS:: showed that 8 female rats in Zhejiang group died after 15 days of administration, the serum NEUT of rats in Hubei, Fujian and Shanghai groups was significantly lower than that of normal rats. The serum AST, ALT and/or TBiL levels were increased in all rats, and serum BUN and/or CRE levels of rats were also increased in Hunan, Hubei, Fujian and Shanghai groups. In dosage groups, testicular and ovarian coefficients of rats were reduced, the number of sperm were significant decreased while the rate of sperm malformation increased and sperm dynamics parameters of normal, especially in Jiangsu and Zhejiang groups. Liver histopathology and apoptosis of liver cells were observed in dosage groups, especially in Jiangsu and Hubei groups. In liver, Nrf2, HO-1 and Bcl-2 were inhibited and the protein expression level of Bax were increased simultaneously in dosage groups. These results showed that all Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets from 6 manufacturers could lead to chronic multiple organ injuries with disparate specialties in rats, and Jiangsu and Zhejiang groups were more toxic. It could be the mechanism promoting mitochondrial mediated Bax/Bcl-2 cell apoptosis signaling pathway and negatively regulating Nrf2/HO-1 oxidative stress signaling pathway that Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets from 6 different manufacturers resulted in chronic liver injury, the results above were for reference only in subsequent study.
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Animaux , Femelle , Mâle , Rats , Apoptose , Chine , Médicaments issus de plantes chinoises/pharmacologie , Hétérosides/pharmacologie , Stress oxydatif , Répartition aléatoire , Transduction du signal , Comprimés , Tripterygium/composition chimiqueRésumé
Based on the literature regarding auricular acupuncture in recent 60 years, the theoretical basis, acupuncturemethods and dominant diseases are analyzed and compared, and three major auricular acupuncture schools are proposed. The first school is the sinicized auricular acupuncture school derived from French Nogier auricular acupuncture school, which can be further divided into three branches:
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Points d'acupuncture , Acupuncture auriculaire , Chine , Normes de référence , Établissements scolairesRésumé
The historical origin of hand acupuncture therapies were collected. The positioning method, acupuncture manipulation and dominant diseases, etc. were compared among 8 kinds of extensively used hand acupuncture schools, such as traditional hand acupuncture, Korean finger needle and
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Acupuncture , Points d'acupuncture , Thérapie par acupuncture , Aiguilles , Établissements scolairesRésumé
Objective:Arrange long-term toxicity experiments by a uniform design method, so as to explore the effect of different extracts of Psoraleae Fructus on liver toxicity in rats and mice, and find the drug factors that cause psoralen liver toxicity. Method:Based on the factors of processing, extraction technology, dosage and treatment course, each experimental group was arranged by uniform design method. A total of 220 SD rats and 220 Kunming mice with half male and half female were divided into normal groups and drug groups 1 to 8. The corresponding drugs (50% alcohol extract of salt Psoraleae Fructus in rats 2.57 g·kg-1, mice 5.14 g·kg-1, 95% alcohol extract of Psoraleae Fructus in rats 0.51 g·kg-1, mice 1.02 g·kg-1, 70% alcohol extract of salt Psoraleae Fructus in rats 1.71 g·kg-1, mice 3.42 g·kg-1, water extract of Psoraleae Fructus in rats 1.03 g·kg-1, mice 2.06 g·kg-1, water extract of salt Psoraleae Fructus in rats 1.03 g·kg-1, mice 2.06 g·kg-1, 70% alcohol extract of Psoraleae Fructus in rats 1.71 g·kg-1, mice 3.42 g·kg-1, 95% alcohol extract of salt Psoraleae Fructus in rats 0.51 g·kg-1, mice 1.02 g·kg-1, 50% alcohol extract of Psoraleae Fructus in rats 2.57 g·kg-1, mice 5.14 g·kg-1) were administered by gavage daily. The body weight and food intake of the rats and mice were measured once a week. After the treatment course, the rats were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, and blood was taken from the abdominal aorta, and the mice were sacrificed by removing the eyeballs, and the liver and brain were taken to calculate the organ coefficients. Serum was taken to determine liver function-related indicators, and the liver was taken for histopathological examination by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Result:The liver visceral-brain ratio of female rats in group 3 were significantly increased (P<0.05). The liver quality, visceral-body ratio and visceral-brain ratio of male mice in groups 1 to 3 were significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Histopathological manifestations in mice were more obvious than those in rats. Histopathology showed hepatocyte hypertrophy in the central area of liver lobules in mice, in particular in group 3. According to the multiple regression equation, there were interactions between extraction technology, processing, dosage and treatment course, and the extraction technology was positively correlated with the pathological score of liver injury. Based on the results of visual analysis and other indicators, it is concluded that the extraction technology factor is most relevant to psoralen liver toxicity of Psoraleae Fructus. Conclusion:Psoraleae Fructus has the hepatotoxicity, which is related to ethanol extraction technology; alcohol extraction is more toxic than water extraction, and 70% ethanol extraction is the most toxic. Besides, there are species differences, with a more significant hepatotoxicity in mice than that in rats.
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Three new secoiridoid glycosides, named lonijapoglycol A (1), aldosecolohanin C (2) and aldosecolohanin B (3), together with three known ones (4-6), have been isolated from the flower the buds of Lonicera japonica. All the structures were identified by spectroscopic analyses. Lonijapoglycol A (1) expressed significant anti-inflammatory activity to inhibit the release of β-glu-curonidase induced by platelet-activating factor in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes with an IC value of 3.76 μmol·L.
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To explore the regularity of traditional Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of hyperlipidemia recorded in Newly Edited National Chinese Traditional Patent Medicines,the Composition Principles of Chinese Patent Drugs,New Drug Conversion Standard,the Compilation of National Standard for Traditional Chinese Medicines and Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Researchers extracted the information of prescriptions from these cases according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then microsoft excel 2010 was used to conduct frequency statistics and count the frequency of traditional Chinese medicine. SPSS Clementine( ver.12. 0) and SPSS( ver. 18. 0)were adopted respectively for frequency analysis,association rules analysis,cluster analysis and factor analysis. Besides,KMO test and Bartlett spherical test were performed for factor adaptation test. Finally,a total of 173 traditional Chinese medicines were included,involving 94 Chinese patent medicine prescriptions. The frequency results of traditional Chinese medicine showed that there were 33 kinds of high-frequency traditional Chinese medicine,mainly including those for tonifying medicine,activating blood and resolving stasis and blood-stasis,and clearing damp. The association rules analysis found out 12 association rules of drug pairs,3-herb pairs of 25 and4-herb pairs of 6. Totally 11 medicine groups with relevance were respectively extracted by cluster analysis. KMO test and Bartlett spherical test indicated that the method was suitable for factor analysis and 11 common factors were respectively extracted by factor analysis. The association rules reflected the therapeutic method for tonify the liver and kidney,activating blood and resolving stasis. Cluster analysis and factor analysis showed the therapeutic method of Qi-enriching and Yin-nourishing,and the factor analysis focused more on removing blood stasis and dampness. The decision tree with hawthorn as the dependent variable reflects the importance of alisma orientalis and fructus schisandrae in the drug matching. In conclusion,data mining technique can comprehensively analyze the regularity of prescriptions of traditional Chinese patent medicine for hyperlipidemia,and is helpful for guiding the development of Chinese patent medicines and the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Humains , Ordonnances médicamenteuses , Médicaments issus de plantes chinoises , Hyperlipidémies , Médecine traditionnelle chinoise , Médicaments sans ordonnanceRésumé
The authors note that on page 637 (Author Name), author affiliation of Tao Liu “Tao Liu⁶” should instead appear as “Tao Liu⁵.”
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Objective:To investigate the pharmacodynamics and mechanism of Chaijin Sanjie prescription (CJSJP) on rat mammary gland hyperplasia, in order to provide experimental basis for the research and development of new Chinese medicine. Method:SD rat model of mammary gland hyperplasia was established through exogenous intramuscular injection with estrogen and progesterone. After successful establishment of the model, the rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, and low, medium and high-dose CJSJP groups (3.13, 6.26, 12.52 g·kg-1) and Rupixiao (0.517 g·kg-1) group, with 9 rats in each group. After 28 days of administration, estradiol (E2), progesterone (P) and rolactin (PRL) were measured by radioimmunoassay, uterus and ovary coefficients were calculated; nipple diameter and breast histopathology were observed, estrogen receptor-α(ER-α) expression in mammary gland was measured by immunohistochemistry, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRH-R) mRNA expressions in hypothalamus, pituitary were measured by Real-time PCR. ICR mice were randomly divided into normal group, low, medium and high-dose CJSJP groups (5.2,10.4,20.8 g·kg-1) and Luotongding group (0.038 6 g·kg-1) according to their body weight. Twelve mice in each group were given drugs for 7 days, and 0.6% acetic acid was injected intraperitoneally for 30 minutes after the last administration. The writhing times were observed within 15 minutes. Result:Compared with the normal group, the diameter of nipple was widened, serum E2 was significantly increased (Pα expression were increased in model group. compared with model group, the diameter of nipple was significantly decreased in high dose group of CJSJP (P2 was decreased in all dose groups of CJSJP, pathological score of breast hyperplasia was decreased in middle and high dose groups of CJSJP, GnRH mRNA in hypothalamus was decreased in all dose groups of CJSJP. The writhing times of mice in high dose group of CJSJP was decreased (PConclusion:Chaijin Sanjie prescription can improve the lesions of breast hyperplasia. The therapeutic mechanism may be related to the regulation of GnRH gene expression in hypothalamus and the decrease of estrogen receptor expression.
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Objective To explore the sensitivity of Culex pipiens pallens to common chemical insecticides in the southwestern region of Shandong Province, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the development of reasonable and effective mosquito control measures. Methods The resistance of Cx. pipiens pallens larvae to 5 chemical insecticides, such as cypermethrin, deltamethrin, DDVP, propoxur, and acetofenate were tested by using the WHO biological test method in 2018, and the co-toxicity coefficients after compounding the above-mentioned insecticides were tested by using a drug compounding method. Results The resistance indexes of Cx. pipiens pallens to cypermethrin, deltamethrin, DDVP, propoxur, and acetofenate in 3 cities were 144.43–557.54, 118.17–445.33, 6.44–19.00, 2.37–8.10, and 0.88–2.98, respectively, and expect the difference between the DDVP resistances of Cx. pipiens pallens in Jining City and Heze City was not statistically significant (P > 0.05), all the other differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The synergistic coefficients of cypermethrin + DDVP, cypermethrin + propoxur, DDVP + acetofenate, and propoxur + acetofenate were 199.58 – 456.95, 190.56 – 292.37, 123.32 – 319.24, and 192.31 – 367.32, respectively. The lower synergism was observed by using the mixture of DDVP + propoxur (synergistic coefficient: 99.87–108.36) . Conclusions After decades of chemical control, Cx. pipiens pallens in the southwestern region of Shandong Province has produced different degrees of resistance to common chemical insecticides. Therefore, comprehensive control measures should be taken to control mosquito breeding and prevent the development of insecticide resistance.