Empirical Study on the Monitoring and Evaluation Index System for Economic Operation of Public Hospitals in Guangzhou / 中国卫生经济

Objective:To conduct empirical research on the economic operation monitoring and evaluation index system of public hospitals in Guangzhou,and analyze the economic operation of sample public hospitals based on the comprehensive evaluation re-sults.Methods:A total of 15 public hospitals in Guangzhou are selected as samples,and their data from 2020 to 2022 are selected for standard deviation standardization.The standardized scores of each hospital were calculated and summarized by multiplying the standardized values of each index by its weight,and analyzed and compared.Results:The economic performance of these three types of hospitals in 2022 is not ideal,and there is room for improvement in risk management and development management.Among them,comprehensive hospitals and specialized hospitals have the highest scores in 2021,followed by 2022,and the lowest scores in 2020;traditional Chinese medicine hospitals have the highest score in 2021,followed by 2020,and the lowest score in 2022.Conclusion:The indicator system meets the development requirements of public hospitals,and the indicator data can be obtained,which is suit-able for monitoring and evaluating the economic operation of public hospitals.

Prevalence and prevention and control effects of malaria in Huangshi, Hubei, 1951-2021 / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics, prevention and control strategies, measures and the effects achieved of malaria in Huangshi City from 1951 to 2021, and to offer a reference for further strengthening malaria eradication and control successes. Methods　Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to assess the prevalence, measurements, and impacts of malaria in different time periods based on data for malaria control in Huangshi City from 1951 to 2021, and we created "semi-log" line graphs and charts to display the prevalence of disease and the effort done in prior years in terms of prevention and control. Results　Between 1951 and 2021, 527 780 cases of malaria were recorded in Huangshi, with an average annual incidence rate of 40.07/10 000. The prevention and control of malaria has gone through four stages, namely, the high prevalence of malaria stage (1951-1979), the basic elimination stage (1980-1999), the consolidation stage (2000-2010), and the eradication stage (2011-2021). Different strategies and measures have been adopted in different epidemic periods. During the high epidemic period, great efforts have been made to carry out general surveys and treatments, and strengthen the management of symptomatic patients; during the eradication stage, prominent and classified prevention and control strategies were adopted. When the incidence rate dropped to below 1/10 000, the main measures adopted were malaria monitoring, including timely discovery and standardization of infectious sources, disposal of epidemic points, management of migrant population malaria and vector monitoring. Through active prevention and control, remarkable results were achieved, and the incidence rate of malaria fell to below 1/10 000 in 1989, reaching the level of "basic elimination of malaria" issued by the Ministry in 1999, and passed the provincial malaria elimination acceptance in 2015. In recent years, with the increasing labor exports and foreign exchanges, imported malaria has been on the rise. African countries are the main sources of imported malaria, and the main species is P.falciparum. Conclusions　Malaria was once one of the main infectious diseases endangering the health of people in Huangshi City. The preventive and control methods and procedures adopted in different epidemic periods are effective. Currently, we have entered the consolidation phase of malaria elimination, with the focus of work being to monitor, report, and timely and effectively respond to imported malaria cases, thus reducing the risk of local transmission.

Metabonomics analysis on Terra Flavausta in treating diarrhea with spleen yang deficiency based on UPLC-Q-Exactive MS / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To study the effects of Terra Flavausta on diarrhea mice with spleen yang deficiency based on metabonomics. Methods:Totally 30 mice were divided into normal group, model group and Terra Flavausta group according to random number table method. Mice in the model group and Terra Flavausta group were treated by the method of "diet disorder + clearing fire with herbs bitter in flavour and cold in property" to establish the diarrhea model of spleen yang deficiency. After successful modeling, Terra Flavausta group received Zaoxintu Decoction 12.0 g/kg for gavage, while normal group and model group were given equal volume of distilled water for gavage, for consecutive 7 d. The serum metabolites of each mouse were analyzed and identified based on UPLC-Q-Exective-MS. The differential metabolites were characterized by principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, and the potential biomakers were screened, and the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was performed. Results:Totally 110 different metabolites were screened under the positive and negative ion mode. Terra Flavausta can effectively reverse the disorder of serum metabolism in diarrhea mice with spleen yang deficiency, and has a significant callback effect on 12 potential biomarkers related to diarrhea with spleen yang deficiency. KEGG pathway enrichment mainly involved HIF-1 signaling pathway, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, platelet activation, etc. Conclusion:Terra Flavausta may play the effect of warming spleen and relieving diarrhea through down-regulation of L-ascorbic acid affecting HIF-1 signal pathway, ascorbic acid and aldose metabolism pathway, vitamin digestion and absorption pathway, up-regulation of prostaglandins G2 and H2 affecting platelet activation pathway, and down-regulation of jasmonic acid α linolenic acid metabolic pathway.

Preliminary Investigation of Resources and Medicinal Use of Codonopsis canescens / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the resources and medicinal use of Tibetan medicine Codonopsis canescens，analyze its suitable habitat，and protect its wild resources，in order to provide an important reference basis for further rational development and utilization. Method:Combined investigation methods of literature textual research，visiting investigation and on-the-spot investigation were adopted. Result:In this paper，we investigated the resources and medicinal use of C. canescens in 27 cities and counties of Sichuan，Qinghai and Tibet. Compared with historical records of C. canescens，the results showed that there was no obvious change in the distribution range，and the distribution was uneven in different places. Ganzi Prefecture， Sichuan， boasts rich resources； in particular， Luhuo county has as high as 90-120 plants/100 m2， it is estimated that the reserves per unit area of root C. canescens in this area were 3 445.32 g·m-2，which totaled 1 279.18 ton（1 ton=1 000 kg）. In history，the root is the main medicinal part. However， in recent years，in order to protect resources，the aboveground part is frequently used. The clinical efficacy of Tibetan medicine is mainly to tonify Qi and activate blood circulation. It can be combined with other drugs to treat rheumatism，sores，furuncle，carbuncle and other diseases. However，the plants of Codonopsis are mixed with C. canescens in each Tibetan area，and the mixed varieties are determined according to the growing varieties of the same genus in this area. Conclusion:The reserves of wild resources of C. canescens are decreasing with the increase of clinical use and market demand of Tibetan medicine. There is serious mixture of Codonopsis plants in Tibetan areas. It is suggested paying attention to resource protection，carrying out artificial planting，establishing the standard for the medicinal use of Tibetan medicine，and promote rational and sustainable utilization of resources.

Efficacy and safety of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of patients with COVID-19

OBJECTIVES: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak has catastrophically threatened public health worldwide and presented great challenges for clinicians. To date, no specific drugs are available against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) appear to be a promising cell therapy owing to their potent modulatory effects on reducing and healing inflammation-induced lung and other tissue injuries. The present pilot study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential and safety of MSCs isolated from healthy cord tissues in the treatment of patients with COVID-19. METHODS: Twelve patients with COVID-19 treated with MSCs plus conventional therapy and 13 treated with conventional therapy alone (control) were included. The efficacy of MSC infusion was evaluated by changes in oxygenation index, clinical chemistry and hematology tests, immunoglobulin (Ig) levels, and pulmonary computerized tomography (CT) imaging. The safety of MSC infusion was evaluated based on the occurrence of allergic reactions and serious adverse events. RESULTS: The MSC-treated group demonstrated significantly improved oxygenation index. The area of pulmonary inflammation decreased significantly, and the CT number in the inflammatory area tended to be restored. Decreased IgM levels were also observed after MSC therapy. Laboratory biomarker levels at baseline and after therapy showed no significant changes in either the MSC-treated or control group. CONCLUSION: Intravenous infusion of MSCs in patients with COVID-19 was effective and well tolerated. Further studies involving a large cohort or randomized controlled trials are warranted.

Assay of 18 amino acids in Chuanmingshen violaceum roots by pre-column derivative HPLC / 中国中药杂志

The roots of Chuanmingshen violaceum is a commonly used Chinese herb and food, which contains rich amino acids. However, the kinds and amounts of amino acids are variety in this herb among the geographical location and ecological environment. Therefore, this study firstly developed a new pre-column derived HPLC method to quantify the levels of 18 amino acids in Ch. violaceum roots. Then 24 Ch. violaceum samples were harvested from its main cultivating areas in Sichuan, China. These samples were divided into 4 producing areas based on their geographical sites. The 18 kinds of amino acids were quantified in these sample by the developed method. The differences of these amino acids were further analyzed among these herbal samples and the 4 producing areas by t-test and principal component analysis(PCA). The result indicated the peaks of the 18 kinds of amino acids were separated well in 70 min.The correlation coefficients between peak areas and concentration of these amino acids were more than 0.999 1(n=6). All of their recoveries were in the range of 97.38%-101.3%(n=6).Their detection limit was in the range of 0.003-0.379 μg·mL~(-1).It demonstrates that the developed HPLC method can accurately quantify the amounts of multi-amino acids in this herb. The results of t-test analysis showed the contents of histidine, cystine, leucine, valine, tryptophan, phenylalanine and threonine were significantly different(P<0.05) among the 4 producing areas. But the differences of other amino acids were not significant.The first five factors were extracted by PCA to calculate the comprehensive score. The order of comprehensive score for the 4 producing areas was B(0.603, n=10), C(0.206, n=3), A(-0.283, n=7) and D(-1.167, n=4). The total content of amino acids in Ch. violaceum collected in B producing area was largest(12.5 mg·g~(-1)). It is concluded the Ch. violaceum contains multi-kinds of amino acids. On the basis of amino acid amount, Langzhong city and Cangxi county in Sichuan province(producing area B) is the suitable areas for cultivating Ch. violaceum.

Discussion on Related Problems of Mechanism of Regional Medical Price Coordination / 中国卫生经济

With the advancement of medical and health system,the reform of medical price became one of cores in new medical reform.According to the principle of "the total quantity control,the structure adjustment",in recent years,every region adjusted the medical price.However,the regional medical price disharmony was influenced by the mechanism of information-sharing,the differentiation right of pricing and management and setting basis and cycle.It followed the regional medical price disharmony concern over the principle,content and method of mechanism of regional medical price coordination for optimizing medical price management,so as to provide references for further optimizing medical service price management.

The peritoneal dialysis efficacy of icodextrin-based solution:a Meta-analysis / 天津医药

Objective To compare the efficacy of icodextrin-based solution (ico) and glucose-based solution (GLU) in peritoneal dialysis patients. Methods Pubmed (1996-2016.12), MEDLINE (1996-2016.12), Embase (1974-2016.12) and Cochrane library were searched by two independent investigators who conducted quality assessment and data mining and performed Meta-analysis using RevMan 5.2. Results Ten randomized controlled trials with 825 participants were included in this study, and 661 patients completed the trials at last. The Meta-analysis showed that there were no significant differences in body weight (WMD=-1.88, 95%CI:-4.68-0.93, P=0.19), fasting plasma glucose (WMD=-0.76, 95%CI:-1.79-0.28, P=0.15), plasma triglycerides (WMD=-0.56, 95%CI:-1.18-0.06, P=0.08), plasma total cholesterol (WMD=-0.17, 95%CI:-0.63-0.29, P=0.47) and adverse events (RR=1.06, 95%CI:0.86-1.29, P=0.59) between ICO group and GLU group. The peritoneal creatinine clearance (WMD=0.48, 95%CI:0.27-0.68,P<0.001) and peritoneal urea clearance (WMD=0.44, 95%CI:0.23-0.66, P<0.001) were better in ICO group than those of GLU group. Conclusion ICO can provide a better peritoneal creatinine clearance and peritoneal urea clearance, and which has the same safety compared with GLU.

The peritoneal dialysis efficacy of icodextrin-based solution:a Meta-analysis / 天津医药

Objective To compare the efficacy of icodextrin-based solution (ico) and glucose-based solution (GLU) in peritoneal dialysis patients. Methods Pubmed (1996-2016.12), MEDLINE (1996-2016.12), Embase (1974-2016.12) and Cochrane library were searched by two independent investigators who conducted quality assessment and data mining and performed Meta-analysis using RevMan 5.2. Results Ten randomized controlled trials with 825 participants were included in this study, and 661 patients completed the trials at last. The Meta-analysis showed that there were no significant differences in body weight (WMD=-1.88, 95%CI:-4.68-0.93, P=0.19), fasting plasma glucose (WMD=-0.76, 95%CI:-1.79-0.28, P=0.15), plasma triglycerides (WMD=-0.56, 95%CI:-1.18-0.06, P=0.08), plasma total cholesterol (WMD=-0.17, 95%CI:-0.63-0.29, P=0.47) and adverse events (RR=1.06, 95%CI:0.86-1.29, P=0.59) between ICO group and GLU group. The peritoneal creatinine clearance (WMD=0.48, 95%CI:0.27-0.68,P<0.001) and peritoneal urea clearance (WMD=0.44, 95%CI:0.23-0.66, P<0.001) were better in ICO group than those of GLU group. Conclusion ICO can provide a better peritoneal creatinine clearance and peritoneal urea clearance, and which has the same safety compared with GLU.

Charaterizing cytotoxicity of nitrogen mustard HN-3 based on cellular high content analysis / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To study the cytotoxic characteristics of nitrogen mustard HN-3 in different cell. METHODS Human epidermal keratinocytes-fetal (HEKf), human dermal fibroblasts-adult (HDFa) and human lung fibroblasts (HLF) cell lines were treated with HN-3100, 300 and 450μmol·L-1 for 0.5, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h, respectively. Multi-parameter analysis technology based on cell imaging was used to examine the effects of HN-3 on cell survival, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, autophagy and oxidative stress, along with parameters concerning nucleus, cytoskeleton (actin and tubulin), lysosome, nuclear membrane permeability (NMP), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and phosphohistone H 2AX (pH2AX). RESULTS HN-3 caused irreversible cellular damage by significantly decreasing the number of HEKf, HDFa and HLF cells in a time-dependent manner (P<0.01). Before the cell number was reduced robustly, the content of reactive oxygen species and pH2AX significantly increased, but the glutathione content decreased after cells were exposed to HN-3 for 0.5 h (P<0.01). In addition, the content of lyso-some was reduced in HEKf cells at 0.5 h, but increased in HDFa and HLF cells at 0.5 and 2 h respec-tively, accompanied by the increase in microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B) puncta.With the significant reduction of the cell number in HEKf cell line, the nuclear intensity increased, nuclear area decreased, the intensity and area of F-actin and α-tubulin decreased, MMP decreased (P<0.01) and lysosomal intensity increased. But the effects of HN-3 on HDFa and HLF cell lines were quite different. The nuclear area increased, the intensity and area of F-actin and a-tubulin increased, MMP increased (P<0.01) and the intensity of lysosome increased. In HLF cells, there was an increase in LC3B puncta (P<0.01). In all the three cell lines, NMP and manganese superoxide dismutase content were increased, and cell cycle arrested at G2 phase. HN-3 Induced early apoptosis in HDFa cells but late apoptosis in HEKf cells. CONCLUSION HN-3 causes DNA damage, oxidative stress and lysosome damage at an early stage, whereas at the late stage, the imbalance of MMP, increase in NMP, and G2 phage arrest are the major cytotoxic effects. Moreover, HN-3 specifically induces nuclear condensation, cytoskeleton protein aggregation and apoptosis in HEKf cell. HN-3 Induces nuclear swelling, and loose cytoskeleton in HDFa cells and HLF cells, eventually inducing early apoptosis in HDFa cells and autophagic death in HLF cells.

Analysis of Situation and Restriction Factors of Doctor Multi-sited License in Guangdong Province / 现代医院

Doctor′s license for multi-sited service is an important part of hierarchical diagnosis.Aiming at the requirements and management in Guangdong medical reform, this essay clarified the situation and restriction factors when Doctor′s license for multi-sited service was carried out and gave some suggestions under the current conditions.

Clinical presentation of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults is less typical than in children

OBJECTIVE: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults is largely underdiagnosed. To improve the rate and accuracy of diagnosis in adults, the clinical and laboratory characteristics of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis were analyzed in and compared between adults and children in a Chinese cohort. METHOD: Data from 50 hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis patients, including 34 adults and 16 children who fulfilled the 2004 hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis diagnostic criteria, were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: 1. Etiological factors: The proportion of Epstein-Barr virus infection was lower in adults compared with children, whereas fungal infection and natural killer/T cell lymphoma were more frequent in adults (P<0.05). 2. Clinical manifestations and laboratory findings: Over 90% of adults and pediatric patients presented with fever, thrombocytopenia and high serum ferritin levels. However, in adults, the proportions of hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and jaundice were much lower (P<0.01) than in children, and serous cavity effusion was more frequent in adult patients (P<0.05). More children had hemoglobin <90 g/L, total bilirubin >19 mmol/L and lactate dehydrogenase >500 U/L compared with adults (P<0.05). 3. The time interval from the onset of symptoms to clinical diagnosis was significantly shorter in pediatric patients than in adults (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Certain clinical features were different between the two groups. The less characteristic clinical presentation of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults may make the disease more difficult to diagnose. Our findings suggest that hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis should be considered when an adult patient presents with the above-mentioned symptoms.

Effectiveness of Secundum Atrial Septal Defect Occlusion with the Septal Occluder through Right-chest Small Incision: Clinical Analysis of 140 Cases / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of secundum atrial septal defect(ASD)occlusion with the septal occluder through right-chest small incision. Methods The clinical data of 140 secundum ASD patients (47 males and 93 females) aged 3-63 years who were treated in our center from August 2004 to July 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The diameter of ASD was 6 to 36 mm. Under general anesthesia, all patients underwent intraoperative transtsophageal echocardiography (TEE), during which no associated cardiac deformity was found. All patients received ASD occlusion via a small incision (3-4 cm) at the right anterior chest. The occluders were released with the help of TEE. Results The atrial septal defect closure was successfully completed in 134 cases. Six cases received surgical closure of ASD after the failure of occlusion. The reasons of conversion included postoperative dislodgement of occlusion device (n=2, both were central type with large size) and technically unsuitable for occlusion (n=4, in whom residual shunt was found in 2 case, sieve pore type in 1 case, and intraoperative dislodgement in 1 case). All of these 6 patients were treated surgically under cardiopulmonary bypass. No dislocation of the device or atrial shunt was found within 3 to 48 months after the operation. Conclusion Occlusion via small chest incision of ASD under TEE guidance without cardiopulmonary bypass is a safe, minimally invasive, effective, and convenient treatment and worth clinical application.

Comparison of two therapies in treating acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of rhubarb combined with smecta in the treatment of acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (AOPP).Methods Seventy-six patients with severe AOPP admitted in the Emergency Centre of Heze Municiple Hospital in Shandong Province from June 2011 to June 2014 were enrolled in this study. They were divided into observation group and control group by the random number table method, 38 cases in each group. The comprehensive routine treatment of gastric lavage to thoroughly clear the gastric content, appropriate application of penehyclidine and atropine for detoxication, pralidoxime chloride, etc. were given to the two groups. On the basis of the above conventional treatment, the observation group was treated with rhubarb 30 g for catharsis and smecta 30 g for adsorption once in every 4 hours, two drugs applied alternately for 48 hours, while the control group was treated with 33% magnesium sulfate 60 mL for catharsis and bleaching clay 200 g for adsorption once in every 4 hours, two drugs applied alternately for 48 hours. The treatment effect, dosage, incidence of complication and case fatality rate in both groups were observed.Results The first defecation time (hours: 5.8±3.7 vs. 9.4±4.6), gastrointestinal function recovery time (hours: 21.7±6.1 vs. 25.2±8.3), atropinization time (minutes: 51.8±23.9 vs. 68.5±20.1), conscious recovery time (days: 2.3±1.2 vs. 3.6±1.9), the time of cholinesterase (ChE) activity returning to more than 50% (days: 4.7±2.3 vs. 6.1±2.9) and the length of stay in hospital (days: 9.2±4.9 vs. 12.3±6.9) were obviously shorter in the observation group than those of the control group (P < 0.05 orP < 0.01); the used dosage of atropine (mg: 234.3±37.1 vs. 265.7±31.4) and penehyclidine (mg: 19.2±14.3 vs. 36.7±25.4) and the incidence of adverse reactions of poisoning rebound [7.9% (3/38) vs. 31.6% (12/38)], intermediate syndrome [2.6% (1/38) vs. 18.4% (7/38)], delayed neuropathy [0 (0/38) vs. 15.8% (6/38)] in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05 orP < 0.01). No death occurred in both groups.Conclusion At present, the combination of smecta and rhubarb is a relatively good method of catharsis and adsorption to completely clear the gastrointestinal toxic residues inside the patients with AOPP, and it can reduce the amount of drugs used, the incidence of complications and the duration of hospital stay.

Preliminary study of odor change mechanism in Crataegi fructus stir-fried process based on correlation analysis / 中国中药杂志

In order to investigate the mechanism, the correlation between the odor change in Crataegi Fructus stir-fried process and 5-HMF were studied. Required samples were retrieved from Crataegi Fructus stir-fried process. Statistical quality control (SQC) was used to analyze the response values acquired by the electronic nose. At the same time, the content of 5-HMF was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the above two. Experimental results showed that SQC model established by response values of all samples could show the change law of odor in Crataegi Fructus stir-fried process and changes of 5-HMF content was dropped after the first increase. Correlation analysis showed that the odor change in Crataegi Fructus stir-fried process and 5-HMF were significantly correlated (P < 0.05). Sugar degradation reaction and the Maillard reaction may be one of the mechanisms of the odor change in Crataegi Fructus stir-fried process.

Research on Identification of Leonurus japonicus from Sichuan by Electronic Nose / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This study was aimed to distinguish Leonurus japonicus samples produced from different regions and growth environments in Sichuan by electronic nose. The sensor response value of odors of Leonurus japonicus sam-ples were obtained through electronic nose. Principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant factor analysis (DFA) were used to combine the optimum feature parameters. The results showed that the PCA distinguish index was 82, and the DFA comprehensive classification rate was 97.96% among samples from different regions. The PCA distin-guish index was 84, and the DFA comprehensive classification rate was 100% among samples from different growth environments. The distinguishment and differentiation were effective. It was concluded that electronic nose can be ap-plied to identify the origin and growth environment of Leonurus japonicus from Sichuan to provided reference for odor differentiation.

Comprehensive yield and quality comparison of Bupleurum chinense' s seeds of different harvesting time from Qingchuan County with Topsis approach / 中国中药杂志

In order to investigate the comprehensive quality differences of the seeds harvested in different growing time, and offer theoretical guide for the optimization of seeds' production technology, we analyzed the apparent size, 1 000-grain weight, water absorbency, germination indexes, postharvest embryo rate change, relatively contents of coumarins and the yield of single plant of its seeds of different harvesting time, and compared their comprehensive quality by Topsis analysis. The results showed that there existed obvious differences in yield and quality between seeds of 3 harvesting times. While the harvesting time postponed, the yield of single plant raised, and the shrunken seeds rate decreased, the quality of seedlings increased, while the contents of coumarins showed a steady increase, and the germination rate decreased. The comprehensive quality of the seeds harvested in the black ripe time rank the first place, followed by the brown ripe time and the yellow ripe time. As the harvesting time delays, the seeds' comprehensive quality increases, therefore, we could put off the seeds' harvesting time properly for the high efficient seed production.

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-1 ligand induces inflammation and attenuates glucose uptake in human adipocytes / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of stimulant for nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1) on secretion of proinflammatory chemokine ÷ cytokines and insulin-dependent glucose uptake in human differentiated adipocytes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Adipose tissues were obtained from patients undergoing liposuction. Stromal vascular cells were extracted and differentiated into adipocytes.A specific ligand for NOD1, was administered to human adipocytes in culture. Nuclear factor-κB transcriptional activity and proinflammatory chemokine ÷ cytokines production were determined by reporter plasmid assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively.Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was measured by 2-deoxy-D-[³H] glucose uptake assay. Furthermore, chemokine ÷ cytokine secretion and glucose uptake in adipocytes transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting NOD1 upon stimulation of NOD1 ligand were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Nuclear factor-κB transcriptional activity and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8 secretion in human adipocytes were markedly increased stimulated with NOD1 ligand (all P<0.01).Insulin-induced glucose uptake was decreased upon the activation of NOD1 (P<0.05).NOD1 gene silencing by siRNA reduced NOD1 ligand-induced MCP-1,IL-6, and IL-8 release and increased insulin-induced glucose uptake (all P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NOD1 activation in adipocytes might be implicated in the onset of insulin resistance.</p>

Clinical studies of sodium ferulate,deproteinized calf serum and high pressure oxygen on treating acute carbon monoxide poisoning / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective Discuss the treatment effect of sodium ferulate,deproteinized calf serum and high pressure oxygen on acute carbon monoxide poisoning.Methods Seventy-five cases with coma acute carbon monoxide poisoning were randomly divided into two groups:the treated group (37 cases) and the control group (38 cases).The two groups were treated with high pressure oxygen,high flow oxygen uptake and support treatment,The treated group were treated with sodium ferulate and deproteinized calf serum.The control group were treated with citicoline act medicaments.Result The occurrence and injury degree of myocardial damage and delayed encephalopathy were markedly attenuated (P ＜ 0.05),the time of coma was obviously decreased (P ＜0.01),the death rate was obviously difference (P ＜0.05) in the treated group compared with the control group.Conclusion Sodium ferulate,deproteinized calf serum injection possess obviously effect on acute carbon monoxide poisoning.