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Objective To investigate the effect of vitamin D(VD)on intestinal flora in spontaneously diabetic rats.Methods Zucker diabetic fatty rats(ZDF rats)were randomised to control(Con)group,VD control(VD)group,model(T2DM)group,and VD intervention(VD+T2DM)group.Fasting blood glucose profiles and oral glucose tolerance levels were determined in rats of each group.16S rDNA sequencing was used to assess changes in rat intestinal flora.OTU analysis(Venn diagram),α diversity analysis(chao1,observed species,PD whole tree,and shannon and simpson),βdiversity analysis(principal coordinate analysis(PCoA)),flora structure,and colony species variability analysis(linear discriminant analysis and influence factor(LEfSe)analysis)were also performed.Results VD intervention significantly improved fasting blood glucose levels and insulin resistance in T2DM rats(P＜0.05).α diversity showed no significant differences in chao1,observed species,PD whole tree,and shannon and simpson indices between T2DM and VD+T2DM groups(P＞0.05).β diversity analysis showed that the VD+T2DM group had more species similarity to the Con group than the T2DM group.The dominant bacteria of rat intestinal flora in each group were significantly different.In comparison to the T2DM group,the VD+T2DM group showed a decrease in abundance of Bacteroidetes and increases in abundances of Firmicutes and Clostridium XIVa.Conclusions VD improves fasting glucose elevation and insulin resistance in T2DM rats.VD improves the structure of intestinal flora,decreases Bacteroidetes,and elevates Firmicutes and Clostridium XIVa abundances in T2DM rats.
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Objective To explore the related factors of hair selenium level in Keshan disease area of Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province, and to provide reliable data basis for consolidating the elimination of Keshan disease. Methods The association rule (Apriori) analysis was carried out on the survey data of hair selenium level of people in Keshan disease endemic areas and non-endemic areas of Zhangjiakou City from 2018 to 2020. By setting the minimum support and confidence, and combining with the lift ratio, the association relationship between the hair selenium level of people in Keshan disease area and the staple food and vegetables of the residents was analyzed. Results A total of 5 strong association rules were generated. The maximum values of support, confidence and lift ratio were 12.22, 93.33 and 1.17, respectively, and the minimum values were 10.00, 90.91 and 1.14, respectively. The moderate level of selenium in the hair of residents in the disease area was related to the consumption of food purchased from other places and a large quantity of vegetables. Conclusion Association rules provide a reference research method for improving hair selenium nutrition level of residents in Keshan disease area of Zhangjiakou City and establishing a long-term mechanism for Keshan disease prevention and control.
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Objective To investigate the effect of vitamin D(VD)deficiency on the pathogenesis of Zucker diabetic fatty(ZDF)rats. Methods Male 5-6 weeks old Zucker rats were randomly divided into 4 groups according to their body weight:normal control group(ZL),VD deficient control group(ZL+VD.Def),model group(ZDF)and VD deficient model group(ZDF+VD.Def). All the rats were fed to 12 weeks of age, and body weight, food intake, water intake,urine volume,urine glucose,fasting blood glucose were measured. The glucose tolerance was tested at 11 weeks. Pancreatic samples were taken and tissue sections were examined by pathology using HE staining. Results The body weight of ZDF+VD.Def group was higher than that of the ZDF group. Drinking water and urine volume were increased earlier than the ZDF rats. The blood glucose in the ZDF +VD. Def group was increased significantly earlier than ZDF group,it is about 2 times of the ZDF group at 12 weeks. Compared with the ZDF group,the impaired glucose tolerance and islet damage were more serious than the ZDF + VD. Def group. Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency accelerates and aggravates the pathogenesis of ZDF rats,and VD deficiency may be a key factor in the pathogenesis of obese DM Type 2.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the localization and therapeutic effect of allogeneic bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation in the rat model of liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). MethodsBone marrow HSCs from allogeneic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were isolated and cultured in vitro and labeled with 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) before transplantation. Eighteen female SD rats were randomly and equally divided into groups A, B, and C. A female rat model of liver fibrosis was established using CCl4. The rats in group A were injected with HSC-containing suspension through the caudal vein in the fourth week after CCl4 injection, while the rats in groups B and C were injected with normal saline through the caudal vein. In the eighth week, blood samples were taken from all groups. Then all rats were sacrificed, and the liver, pancreatic, and stomach tissues were collected to examine the localization of HSC and evaluate the therapeutic effect of HSC on liver damage. The double-blind method was used to statistically analyze experimental results. Comparison of continuous data between these groups was made by analysis of variance, and pairwise comparison was made by SNK-q test; comparison of categorical data between these groups was made by Kruskal-Wallis H test, and pairwise comparison was made by Nemenyi test. ResultsGroup A showed significantly improved histopathology compared with group B, while groups A and C showed approximately the same histological findings. There were significant differences in classification of liver fibrosis between groups A, B, and C (χ2=13.14, P=0.001), and groups A and C had significantly lower grades of liver fibrosis than group B (both P＜0.05). In group A, BrdU-positive cells were detected in the liver tissues of all rats, but no positive cells were detected in the pancreatic and stomach tissues; no BrdU-positive cells were detected in groups B and C. Compared with group B, groups A and C had significantly lower alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels but a significantly higher albumin level (all P＜0.05). ConclusionAllogeneic HSC can be localized in the rat model of liver fibrosis and reverse the liver damage.
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Objective To establish a method for content determination of harpagide and harpagoside in Mailuoning injection by HPLC. Methods The experimental condition of HPLC method was as follows: SunfireTM C18 column (4.6 mm ×150 mm, 5 μm), with gradient elution using acetonitrile and 0.03% phosphoric acid; the detected wavelength was 210 nm, and the flow rate was 1.0mL/min.ResuIts Harpagide and harpagoside demonstrated good linear relationship in the range 0.1424~0.8544 μg/mL(r=0.9998) and 0.0732~0.4392μg/mL (r=0.9997) respectively.The average recovery rate were 98.22% and 99.27% with RSD of 1.46% and 1.42%(n=6)respectively.ConcIusion The method is simple, reliable, accurate, reproducible and stable, and it could be used in the determination of harpagide and harpagoside in Mailuoning injection.
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Objective To study the relationship between the level of serum epithelial fatty acid binding protein (E-FABP) and cardiovascular disease in obese children. Methods Thirty children with metabolic syndrome (MS), 32 obesity children with no MS and 50 healthy children were recruited. Serum E-FABP and glucose/lipid metabolic indices were measured. Results Com-pared with the healthy children, levels of serum E-FABP in MS children were signiifcantly elevated (P=0.001). Compared with obesity children, levels of serum E-FABP of MS children were elevated, but the difference was not signiifcant (P>0.05). The cor-relations of E-FABP with waist to hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, atherogenic index, fasting insulin, insulin resistance index were positive (P<0.05). According to the multivariate stepwise regression analysis, E-FABP was the independent risk of atherogenic index (P=0.018). Conclusions E-FABP plays a role in the development of atherosclerosis in obesity and MS.
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Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) has been widely used in clinical treatment of growth hormone deficiency(GHD),and has achieved satisfactory effect.Growth hormone (GH) can stimulate liver cells to produce insulin-like growth actor(IGF-1) which mediated GH growth promoting effect.The majority of IGF-1 combine with insulin like growth factor binding protein 3.IGF-I promotes cell mitotic and inhibit cell apoptosis,in recent years,some scholars have reported that there is a certain relationship between IGF-1 and tumor occurrence and development,and thus leading to the attention to the efficacy and safety of rhGH treatment.
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Objective To observe the effect of gastroscopy injection of norepinephrine combined with routine triple therapy on peptic ulcer with gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods 84 cases of gastroscopy upper gastrointestinal bleeding caused by peptic ulcer patients were randomly divided into two groups, the control group 42 cases;the observation group 42 cases, the observation group was guven endoscopic injection of norepinephrine combined conventional triple therapy,the control group was given conventional triple therapy with hemostatic therapy. Efficiency and adverse reactions were observed in patients. Results In the observation group,36 csses was significantly effective,5 cases was effective,1 case was not effective,the total effective rate was 97.6%. In the control group,21 cases was significantly effective, 16 cases was effective ,5 cases was not effective,the total effective rate was 88. 1% ,the difference of the total effective rate between the two groups was significant( x2 =5. 137, P ＜ 0. 05 ). There was no serious adverse reactions in the two groups. Conclusion Endoscopic injection of norepinephrine and routine triple therapy in treatment of gastrointestinal hemorrhage of peptic ulcer was significantly better than conventional medical treatment alone.
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In order to study the effect of excessive iodine on immune function of lymphocytes and the role of selenium supplementation with excessive iodine intake, the changes of T lymphocyte number, ratio of subsets, activity of natural killer (NK) cells and lymphocytes proliferation response were investigated. 150 female BALB/C mice were randomly divided into 5 groups in terms of their body weight (n=30 in each group), and 10 of each group were taken as one batch for test. Mice in the 5 groups were orally administrated with iodine 0 (group Ⅰ ), 1500 (group Ⅱ), 3000 (group Ⅲ),6000 μg/L (group Ⅳ), iodine 6000 μg/L plus selenium 0.3 mg/L (group Ⅴ) respectively for 30 days.Lymphocyte proliferation response, CD4+/CD8+, Th1/Th2 and the activity of NK cells were measured. CD4+/CD8+ was significantly lower, while lymphocyte proliferation response stronger, and Th1/Th2 and the activity of NK cells significantly higher in group Ⅳ than in group Ⅰ (P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in all indexes between group Ⅴ and group Ⅰ (P＞0.05). It was suggested that excessive iodine as exogenous chemical materials can induce disorders of T lymphocyte immune function in mice. 0.3 mg/L selenium supplementation can protect mice against toxicity induced by 6000 μg/L iodine.
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Objective: To explore the effect of iodine overdose on cathepsin B and D in thyroidcell line (FRTL). Method: The cells were treated with potassium iodide (0, 1, 5, 10, 50 and 100mmol/L). After treatment 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours, the cells were collected. The activities of cathepsin B (CB) and cathepsin D (CD) were assayed by fluorospectrophotometry and Lowry, respectively. The mRNA levels of CB and CD were determined with real-time PCR. Results: After 12 and 24 hours, the activities of CB and CD, treated by 50mmol/L potassium iodide were decreased significanty. The mRNA levels of CB and CD of 50mmol/L potassium iodide group were decreased significanty after treatment 24 hours. Conclusion: The decreased activities of CB and CD were one of reasons of thyroid colloid retention resulted from iodine excess.