Early and late-onset preeclampsia: effects of DDAH2 polymorphisms on ADMA levels and association with DDAH2 haplotypes

Abstract Objective: To examine whether the DDAH2 promoter polymorphisms -1415G/A (rs2272592), -1151A/C (rs805304) and -449G/C (rs805305), and their haplotypes, are associated with PE compared with normotensive pregnant women, and whether they affect ADMA levels in these groups. Methods: A total of 208 pregnant women were included in the study and classified as early-onset (N=57) or late-onset PE (N =49), and as normotensive pregnant women (N = 102). Results: Pregnant with early-onset PE carrying the GC and GG genotypes for the DDAH2 -449G/C polymorphism had increased ADMA levels (P=0.01). No association of DDAH2 polymorphisms with PE in single-locus analysis was found. However, the G-C-G haplotype was associated with the risk for late-onset PE. Conclusion: It is suggested that DDAH2 polymorphisms could affect ADMA levels in PE, and that DDAH2 haplotypes may affect the risk for PE.

Estudo das regulamentações de reprodução humana assistida no Brasil, Chile, Uruguai e na Argentina / Study of the regulations of assisted human reproduction in Brazil, Argentina, Chile and Uruguay

Objetivo: Estudar as regulamentac¸ões referentes à reproduc¸ão humana assistida no Brasil,Chile, Uruguai e na Argentina.Método: Estudo qualitativo transversal das regulamentac¸ões referentes à reproduc¸ãohumana assistida no Brasil, Chile, Uruguai e na Argentina entre novembro de 2013 e abrilde 2014.Resultados: O Brasil é regido pela Resoluc¸ão do Conselho Federal de Medicina n◦2.013/2013;a Argentina pela Lei n◦26.862/2013; no Chile, até o momento, não existe uma lei queregulamente o uso das técnicas; e no Uruguai o projeto de lei n◦19.167/2013 aguardaregulamentac¸ão.Conclusão: Brasil, Argentina, Chile e Uruguai são países sul-americanos que se encon-tram em distintas situac¸ões legais no que diz respeito à regulamentac¸ão das práticas dereproduc¸ão humana assistida.

tObjective: This research aimed to study the regulations of Assisted Human Reproduction inBrazil, Argentina, Chile and Uruguay.Method: A cross-sectional qualitative study of the regulations relating to Assisted HumanReproduction in Brazil, Argentina, Chile and Uruguay was conducted between November of2013 and April of 2014. Results: Regarding the Assisted Human Reproduction techniques, currently Brazil is regulatedby Resolution of the Federal Council of Medicine No. 2013/2013; Argentina by LawNo. 26,862/2013; in Chile, so far, there is no law regulating the use of these techniques; inUruguay the draft bill No. 19,167/2013 awaits regulation.Conclusion: Brazil, Argentina, Chile and Uruguay are South American countries that arein different legal situations regarding to the regulation of the practice of Assisted HumanReproduction.