Résumé
Purpose@#The isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) family plays an essential role in metabolism and energy production. The relative expression levels of IDH isoforms (IDH1, IDH2, and IDH3) have prognostic significance in several malignancies, including breast carcinoma. However, the IDH isozyme expression levels in different cancer stages and types have not been determined in breast carcinoma tissues. @*Methods@#We analyzed the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of IDH (IDH1, IDH2, and IDH3A) and α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) in 59 breast carcinoma tissues. @*Results@#The mRNA level of IDH2 was significantly increased at stages 2 and 3 in triple-negative and (ER-/PR-/HER+) breast cancers. However, the elevated α-KG level was only observed in stages 2 and 3, with no differences in the various breast carcinoma types. Western blotting analysis showed that IDH2 protein expression increased in the patient tissues and cell lines. An in vitro study showed IDH2 downregulation in the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 that inhibited cell proliferation and migration and induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. @*Conclusion@#These findings suggest that different from IDH1 and IDH3, IDH2 is more highly expressed in stages 2 and 3 breast cancer tissues, especially in triple-negative breast cancer. IDH2 potentially serves as a target to detect unknown mechanisms in breast cancer.
Résumé
No abstract available.
Sujets)
Femelle , Liquide d'ascite , Carcinome endométrioïde , Carcinome neuroendocrine , EndomètreRésumé
Anti–glomerular basement membrane (GBM) nephritis is characterized by circulating anti-GBM antibodies and crescentic glomerulonephritis (GN) with deposition of IgG along the GBM. In a limited number of cases, glomerular immune complexes have been identified in anti-GBM nephritis. A 38-year-old female presented azotemia, hematuria, and proteinuria without any pulmonary symptoms. A renal biopsy showed crescentic GN with linear IgG deposition along the GBM and mesangial IgA deposition. The patient was diagnosed as concurrent anti-GBM nephritis and IgA nephropathy. Therapies with pulse methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide administration were effective. Concurrent cases of both anti-GBM nephritis and IgA nephropathy are rare among cases of anti-GBM diseases with deposition of immune complexes. This rare case of concurrent anti-GBM nephritis and IgA nephropathy with literature review is noteworthy.
Sujets)
Adulte , Femelle , Humains , Maladie des anticorps antimembrane basale glomérulaire , Anticorps , Complexe antigène-anticorps , Azotémie , Membrane basale , Biopsie , Cyclophosphamide , Glomérulonéphrite , Glomérulonéphrite à dépôts d'IgA , Hématurie , Immunoglobuline A , Immunoglobuline G , Méthylprednisolone , Néphrite , ProtéinurieRésumé
Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is a rare disease characterized by marked fibro-inflammatory tissue in the retroperitoneum. Approximately 70% of cases of RPF are idiopathic, while the rest can be secondary to several other causes. The diagnosis is mainly obtained by imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT). However, histological examination should be considered when the clinical manifestations and imaging studies suggest malignancy. In particular, in malignant diseases with retroperitoneal metastases, abnormal collagen plaques are formed from an exuberant desmoplastic response, which may not be distinguishable from RPF on CT scans. Therefore, even if CT suggests RPF, biopsy is essential to identify malignant disease because it typically results in a fatal prognosis. Here, we report a case of metastatic adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site that developed only in the retroperitoneum and was initially diagnosed as RPF based on CT findings.
Sujets)
Adénocarcinome , Biopsie , Collagène , Diagnostic , Métastase tumorale , Métastases d'origine inconnue , Pronostic , Maladies rares , Fibrose rétropéritonéale , TomodensitométrieRésumé
BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major risk factor for cervical cancer. METHODS: We evaluated the clinical significance of the HPV DNA chip genotyping assay (MyHPV chip, Mygene Co.) compared with the Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) chemiluminescent nucleic acid hybridization kit (Digene Corp.) in 867 patients. RESULTS: The concordance rate between the MyHPV chip and HC2 was 79.4% (kappa coefficient, κ = 0.55). The sensitivity and specificity of both HPV tests were very similar (approximately 85% and 50%, respectively). The addition of HPV result (either MyHPV chip or HC2) to cytology improved the sensitivity (95%, each) but reduced the specificity (approximately 30%, each) compared with the HPV test or cytology alone. Based on the MyHPV chip results, the odds ratio (OR) for ≥ high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) was 9.9 in the HPV-16/18 (+) group and 3.7 in the non-16/18 high-risk (HR)-HPV (+) group. Based on the HC2 results, the OR for ≥ HSILs was 5.9 in the HR-HPV (+) group. When considering only patients with cytological diagnoses of “negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy” and “atypical squamous cell or atypical glandular cell,” based on the MyHPV chip results, the ORs for ≥ HSILs were 6.8 and 11.7, respectively, in the HPV-16/18 (+) group. CONCLUSIONS: The sensitivity and specificity of the MyHPV chip test are similar to the HC2. Detecting HPV-16/18 with an HPV DNA chip test, which is commonly used in many Asian countries, is useful in assessing the risk of high-grade cervical lesions.
Sujets)
Humains , Asiatiques , Dysplasie du col utérin , Diagnostic , ADN , Cellules épithéliales , Papillomavirus humain de type 16 , Papillomavirus humain de type 18 , Hybridation d'acides nucléiques , Odds ratio , Séquençage par oligonucléotides en batterie , Facteurs de risque , Sensibilité et spécificité , Lésions malpighiennes intra-épithéliales du col utérin , Tumeurs du col de l'utérusRésumé
BACKGROUND: S100A8 is differentially expressed in various cell types and is associated with a number of malignant disorders. S100A8 may affect tumor biology. However, its role in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is not well established. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the relationship between S100A8 and cutaneous SCC development. METHODS: We performed immunohistochemical staining to detect S100A8 expression in facial skin specimens of premalignant actinic keratosis (AK), malignant SCC, and normal tissues. In addition, we utilized postconfluence and high calcium-induced differentiation in a culture system model. Furthermore, we constructed a recombinant adenovirus expressing GFP-tagged S100A8 to investigate the role of S100A8 in SCC cell differentiation. RESULTS: S100A8 was significantly overexpressed in human cutaneous SCC compared to that in normal and AK tissues. S100A8 was gradually upregulated in SCC cells in a post-confluence-induced differentiation model. Overexpression of S100A8 in SCC cells induced by adenoviral transduction led to increased expression levels of differentiation markers, such as loricrin, involucrin, and filaggrin. S100A8 overexpression also increased loricrin and involucrin luciferase activity. CONCLUSION: S100A8 regulates cutaneous SCC differentiation and induces well-differentiated SCC formation in skin.
Sujets)
Humains , Adenoviridae , Antigènes de différenciation , Biologie , Carcinome épidermoïde , Différenciation cellulaire , Kératose actinique , Luciferases , PeauRésumé
A 44-year-old man was admitted for evaluation of asymptomatic graft dysfunction. An allograft biopsy revealed diffuse interstitial infiltration of lymphocytes (i3) with moderate tubulitis (t3) and SV40-positive renal tubular epithelial cells. The patient was diagnosed with BK virus nephropathy, and immunosuppression was modified with discontinuing mycophenolate and reducing tacrolimus. Leflunomide treatment was also started simultaneously. However, serum creatinine increased to 3.0 mg/dL; therefore, the patient underwent a second allograft biopsy, in which the crescent was no longer evident but tubulitis (t2) and fibrosis (i2) persisted. On day 20, leflunomide was switched to ciprofloxacin due to leukopenia. The serum creatinine increased to 3.3 mg/dL, and the third biopsy showed slightly improved tubulitis and interstitial inflammation. We then administered an intravenous infusion of immunoglobulin. On day 70, the renal function was stable and the BK serum viral load was low, and the patient was discharged. This is a case of severe crescentic BK nephropathy with successful outcome treated with aggressive treatment and this method will be useful in renal transplant patients.
Sujets)
Adulte , Humains , Allogreffes , Biopsie , Virus BK , Ciprofloxacine , Créatinine , Cellules épithéliales , Fibrose , Immunoglobulines , Immunosuppression thérapeutique , Inflammation , Perfusions veineuses , Transplantation rénale , Leucopénie , Lymphocytes , Polyomavirus , Tacrolimus , Transplants , Charge viraleRésumé
Lymphocytic phlebitis of gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a rare diseaes. Approximately 50 cases of lymphocytic phlebitis of the GI tract have been reported. Most of these involved the colon or small intestine and presented as acute abdomen. We report the second case of lymphocytic phlebitis of the stomach. A 73-year-old female complaining of dizziness had endoscopic and computed tomography findings strongly suggested gastric cancer, while gastric biopsy was negative for carcinoma. The partial gastrectomy specimen showed lymphocytic phlebitis involving veins in the submucosa, muscularis propria, and serosa while the adjacent arteries were spared. The veins were mainly surrounded by lymphocytes. When a patient has a lesion in the GI tract that is suggesting cancer without biopsies revealing any carcinoma, the pathologist should recommend a deeper biopsy for a proper examination of the submucosa.