The Role of Nrf2 in Exercise Improving of NAFLD / 生物化学与生物物理进展

In cardiovascular disorders, neurological diseases, and chronic metabolic diseases, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway is essential for maintaining cell homeostasis. According to studies, boosting Nrf2 expression can be used to cure or prevent chronic diseases that are characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic metabolic liver disease characterized by hepatic steatosis brought on by a number of causes other than alcohol. In recent years, its incidence has gradually risen across the globe. According to relevant studies, NAFLD and the Nrf2 signaling pathway are tightly connected. Inhibiting lipid production and metabolism-related enzymes, repairing impaired liver metabolism, and lowering hepatic lipid storage are all possible with Nrf2 activation. Exercise is a powerful tool for treating and preventing NAFLD. However, exercise type, exercise intensity, environment, and exhaustion all have an impact on the Nrf2 signaling pathway. By activating Nrf2, exercise can lessen liver inflammation, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and insulin resistance, and ameliorate liver damage to improve NAFLD. The activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway, its associated mechanism of controlling antioxidation, and the impact of exercise on the Nrf2 signaling pathway are all explained in this work. Based on the pathogenesis of NAFLD, this article examines the connection between exercise, Nrf2, and NAFLD, and the current state of knowledge regarding Nrf2’s role in the amelioration of NAFLD through exercise. It offers a theoretical frame of reference for future research into how Nrf2 might be used to improve NAFLD.

MW-9, a chalcones derivative bearing heterocyclic moieties, ameliorates ulcerative colitis via regulating MAPK signaling pathway / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the therapeutic effect of the MW-9 on ulcerative colitis(UC)and reveal the underlying mechanism, so as to provide a scientific guidance for the MW-9 treatment of UC. Methods The model of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells was established. The effect of MW-9 on RAW264.7 cells viability was detected by MTT assay. The levels of nitric oxide(NO)in RAW264.7 macrophages were measured by Griess assay. Cell supernatants and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines containing IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β were determined by ELISA kits. Dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced UC model in mice was established and body weight of mice in each group was measured. The histopathological damage degree of colonic tissue was assessed by HE staining. The protein expression of p-p38, p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK was detected by Western blot. Results MW-9 intervention significantly inhibited NO release in RAW264.7 macrophages with IC50 of 20.47 mg·L-1 and decreased the overproduction of inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α(P<0.05). MW-9 had no cytotoxicity at the concentrations below 6 mg·L-1. After MW-9 treatment, mouse body weight was gradually reduced, and the serum IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α levels were significantly down-regulated. Compared with the model group, MW-9 significantly decreased the expression of p-p38 and p-ERK1/2 protein. Conclusions MW-9 has significant anti-inflammatory activities both in vitro and in vivo, and its underlying mechanism for the treatment of UC may be associated with the inhibition of MAPK signaling pathway.

Diagnosis and treatment strategies of 56 cases of middle ear myoclonus / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment of middle ear myoclonus. Methods: Fifty-six cases of middle ear myoclonus were enrolled in Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University from September 2019 to August 2021, including 23 males and 33 females. The age ranged from 6 to 75 years, with a median age of 35 years; Forty-seven cases were unilateral tinnitus, nine cases were bilateral tinnitus. The time of tinnitus ranged from 20 days to 8 years. The voice characteristics, inducing factors, nature (frequency) of tinnitus, tympanic membrane conditions during tinnitus, audiological related tests, including long-term acoustic tympanogram, stapedius acoustic reflex, pure tone auditory threshold, short increment sensitivity test, alternate binaural loudness balance test, loudness discomfort threshold, vestibular function examination, facial electromyography, and imaging examination were recorded. Oral carbamazepine and/or surgical treatment were used. The patients were followed up for 6-24 months and the tinnitus changes were observed. Results: Tinnitus was diverse, including stepping on snow liking sound, rhythmic drumming, white noise, and so on. The inducing factors included external sound, body position change, touching the skin around the face and ears, speaking, chewing and blinking, etc. Forty-four cases were induced by single factor and 9 cases were induced by two or more factors. There was no definite inducing factor in 1 case. One patient had tinnitus with epilepsy. One case of traumatic facial paralysis after facial nerve decompression could induce tinnitus on the affected side when the auricle moved. Tympanic membrane flutter with the same frequency as tinnitus was found in 12 cases by otoscopy, and the waveform with the same frequency as tinnitus was found by long-term tympanogram examination. There were 7 patients with no tympanic membrane activity by otoscopy, the 7 cases also with the same frequency of tinnitus by long-term tympanogram examination, but the change rate of the waveform was faster than that of the patients with tympanic membrane flutter. All patients with tinnitus had no change in hearing. One case of tinnitus complicated with epilepsy (a 6-year-old child) was treated with antiepileptic drug (topiramate) and tinnitus subsided. One case suffered from tinnitus after facial nerve decompression for traumatic facial paralysis was not given special treatment. Fifty-four cases were treated with oral drug (carbamazepine), of which 10 cases were completely controlled and 23 cases were relieved; 21 cases were invalid. Among the 21 patients with no effect of carbamazepine treatment, 8 patients were treated by surgery, 7 patients had no tinnitus after surgery, 1 patient received three times of operation, and the third operation was followed up for 6 months, no tinnitus occurred again. The other 13 cases refused the surgical treatment due to personal reasons. Conclusions: Middle ear myoclonus tinnitus and the inducing factors manifestate diversity. Oral carbamazepine and other sedative drugs are effective for some patients, and surgical treatment is feasible for those who are ineffective for medication.

Molecular features of 109 patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in a single center / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To explore the molecular features of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) . Methods: According to 2022 World Health Organization (WHO 2022) classification, 113 CMML patients and 840 myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients from March 2016 to October 2021 were reclassified, and the clinical and molecular features of CMML patients were analyzed. Results: Among 113 CMML patients, 23 (20.4%) were re-diagnosed as acute myeloid leukemia (AML), including 18 AML with NPM1 mutation, 3 AML with KMT2A rearrangement, and 2 AML with MECOM rearrangement. The remaining 90 patients met the WHO 2022 CMML criteria. In addition, 19 of 840 (2.3%) MDS patients met the WHO 2022 CMML criteria. At least one gene mutation was detected in 99% of CMML patients, and the median number of mutations was 4. The genes with mutation frequency ≥ 10% were: ASXL1 (48%), NRAS (34%), RUNX1 (33%), TET2 (28%), U2AF1 (23%), SRSF2 (21.1%), SETBP1 (20%), KRAS (17%), CBL (15.6%) and DNMT3A (11%). Paired analysis showed that SRSF2 was frequently co-mutated with ASXL1 (OR=4.129, 95% CI 1.481-11.510, Q=0.007) and TET2 (OR=5.276, 95% CI 1.979-14.065, Q=0.001). SRSF2 and TET2 frequently occurred in elderly (≥60 years) patients with myeloproliferative CMML (MP-CMML). U2AF1 mutations were often mutually exclusive with TET2 (OR=0.174, 95% CI 0.038-0.791, Q=0.024), and were common in younger (<60 years) patients with myelodysplastic CMML (MD-CMML). Compared with patients with absolute monocyte count (AMoC) ≥1×10(9)/L and <1×10(9)/L, the former had a higher median age of onset (60 years old vs 47 years old, P<0.001), white blood cell count (15.9×10(9)/L vs 4.4×10(9)/L, P<0.001), proportion of monocytes (21.5% vs 15%, P=0.001), and hemoglobin level (86 g/L vs 74 g/L, P=0.014). TET2 mutations (P=0.021) and SRSF2 mutations (P=0.011) were more common in patients with AMoC≥1×10(9)/L, whereas U2AF1 mutations (P<0.001) were more common in patients with AMoC<1×10(9)/L. There was no significant difference in the frequency of other gene mutations between the two groups. Conclusion: According to WHO 2022 classification, nearly 20% of CMML patients had AMoC<1×10(9)/L at the time of diagnosis, and MD-CMML and MP-CMML had different molecular features.

Effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on functional connectivity in the related brain regions of patients with depression based on the resting-state fMRI / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the brain effect mechanism and the correlation between brain functional imaging and cognitive function in treatment of depressive disorder (DD) with transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) based on the resting-state functional magenetic reasonance imaging (rs-fMRI).@*METHODS@#Thirty-two DD patients were included in a depression group and 32 subjects of healthy condition were enrolled in a normal group. In the depression group, the taVNS was applied to bilateral Xin (CO15) and Shen (CO10), at disperse-dense wave, 4 Hz/20 Hz in frequency and current intensity ≤20 mA depending on patient's tolerance, 30 min each time, twice daily. The duration of treatment consisted of 8 weeks. The patients of two groups were undertaken rs-fMRI scanning. The scores of Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) were observed in the normal group at baseline and the depression group before and after treatment separately. The differential brain regions were observed before and after treatment in the two groups and the value of degree centrality (DC) of fMRI was obtained. Their correlation was analyzed in terms of HAMD, HAMA and WCST scores.@*RESULTS@#The scores of HAMD and HAMA in the depression group were all higher than those in the normal group (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of HAMD and HAMA were lower than those before treatment in the depression group; the scores of total responses, response errors and perseverative errors of WCST were all lower than those before treatment (P<0.05). The brain regions with significant differences included the left inferior temporal gyrus, the left cerebellar peduncles region 1, the left insula, the right putamen, the bilateral supplementary motor area and the right middle frontal gyrus. After treatment, the value of DC in left supplementary motor area was negatively correlated to HAMD and HAMA scores respectively (r=-0.324, P=0.012; r=-0.310, P=0.015); the value of DC in left cerebellar peduncles region 1 was negatively correlated to the total responses of WCST (r=-0.322, P=0.013), and the left insula was positively correlated to the total responses of WCST (r=0.271, P=0.036).@*CONCLUSION@#The taVNS can modulate the intensity of the functional activities of some brain regions so as to relieve depressive symptoms and improve cognitive function.

Etiological diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To explore the etiological diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis. Methods: The study was a retrospective cohort study. The clinical data of patients with PD-related peritonitis who were treated and underwent microbial cultivation and mNGS test at the same time from June 2020 to July 2021 in the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University were analyzed. The positive rate, detection time and consistency between mNGS test and traditional microbial culture were compared. Results: A total of 18 patients with age of (50.4±15.4) years old and median dialysis time of 34.0 (12.4, 62.0) months were enrolled in the study, including 11 males and 7 females. Pathogenic microorganisms were isolated in 17 patients by mNGS test, with a positive rate of 17/18, which was higher than 13/18 of microbial culture, but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.219). Both mNGS test and microbial culture isolated positive pathogenic bacteria in 12 patients, and mNGS test isolated the same types of pathogenic bacteria as microbial cultivation did in 11 patients. In five patients with negative microbial culture, mNGS test also isolated pathogenic microorganisms, including 3 cases of Staphylococcus epidermidis, 1 case of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 1 case of Ureaplasma urealyticum. In 1 patient, microbial culture isolated pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli) whereas mNGS test did not. The detection time of mNGS was 25.0 (24.0, 27.0) h, which was significantly shorter than 89.0 (72.8, 122.0) h of microbial culture (Z=3.726, P<0.001). Conclusions: mNGS test can improve the detection rate of pathogenic microorganisms in PD-related peritonitis and greatly shorten the detection time, and has good consistency with microbial culture. mNGS may provide a new approach for pathogen identification of PD-related peritonitis, especially refractory peritonitis.

The risk factors and treatment of rituximab-induced interstitial pneumonia in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma receiving R-CDOP regimen / 肿瘤

Objective:To identify clinical features,possible risk factors and treatment related to rituximab-associated interstitial pneumonia(RTX-IP). Methods:The clinicopathological characteristics,immune phenotype and treatment of six patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)develped after receiving R-CDOP treatment were retrospectively analyzed. Results:Six patients had agranulocytosis or granulocytopenia within 1 week before RTX-IP diagnosis,and the median interval time was 3 courses of treatment.All six patients had double-expressor lymphoma(DEL)or triple-expressor lymphoma(TEL).Of the six patients,four had germinal-center B-cell-like lymphoma(GCB),and two had non-GCB.The expression of Ki-67 was＞70％,except for one patient with transformed lymphoma(TL).After treatment with methylprednisolone for about 1 week,all patients'chest CT showed inflammatory absorption.However,one patient developed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia during the process of hormone reduction,and recovered after 27 days of comprehensive treatment with hormones and anti-pneumocystosis therapy.All patients received CDOP regimen(a total of 8 courses)for the treatment of the primary disease,and the process was smooth. Conclusion:R-CDOP regimen may lead to a high incidence of RTX-IP in DLBCL patients(30.0％).The DLBCL patients with DEL or TEL,GCB subtype,TL and high Ki-67 expression were more liable to develop RTX-IP,and the recovery of agranulocytosis may be related to the pathogenesis of RTX-IP.High-resolution CT scan can provide valuable evidence for early diagnosis of RTX-IP.Metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS)helps to distinguish IP from pathogen infections.High dose of glucocorticoids is effective treatment strategy.At the same time,it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and treatment of infection in the process of glucocorticoids application.

Extracellular Expression and Purification of Spider Neurotoxin Hainantoxin-IV in Escherichia coli / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

The spider neurotoxin hainantoxin-IV(HNTX-IV), which is isolated from the crude venom of the spider Selenocosia hainana, can specifically inhibit the tetrodotoxin-sensitive(TTX-S) sodium channel, and can selectively inhibit Voltage-gated sodium channel(VGSC) Na

Mechanical factors and mechanism of keratoconus pathogenesis / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Keratoconus is a corneal ectatic disease characterized by progressive corneal thinning and protrusion. Its pathogenesis remains unclear. In vitro experiments have shown that mechanical stimulation may damage corneal stromal cells by increasing oxidative stress level and inflammatory factor concentration, resulting in a series of changes such as degradation of corneal extracellular matrix. Numerous clinical studies have confirmed that mechanical factors, including eye rubbing and eyeball compression caused by sleeping position, may play an important role in the process of keratoconus occurrence and development. They may affect the cornea by increasing the level of inflammatory factors in tear, causing changes in intraocular pressure, changing the biomechanical properties of the cornea, directly damaging corneal tissue by mechanical friction, and increasing the temperature of corneal epithelium. The main aim of this review was to describe the efforts of mechanical factors on corneal stromal cells, corneal tissue, and the possible role of mechanical factors in the pathogenesis of keratoconus, so as to provide a reference for the prevention and management of keratoconus.

Semimonthly Table of Contents Nationwide investigation and problems analysis of pharmaceutical preparations in medical institutions / 中国药房

@#OBJECTIVE To investigate the situation of pharmaceutical pr eparations in medical institutions （hereinafter refer to hospital preparations ），and to promote the sustained and healthy development of hospital preparations. METHODS Under the organization of National Pharmacy Administration & Quality Control Center ，internet survey was adopted to statistically analyze the data of hospital preparations in 2019 that was completed and reported by the secondary general hospitals and above in provinces （cities，districts）and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. RESULTS Among the 4 639 hospitals，9.36％ had drug approval numbers and 8.15％ had preparation laboratories. The average ratio of the number of hospital preparations in production to the number of preparations approved was 0.72，and that of 41.52％ hospital was concentrated in 1-0.9. Self-produced by hospital was the main production mode of hospital preparations ；the higher hospital level was ，the higher the proportion of self-production combined with commissioned processing ，while the lower the proportion of commissioned processing only. In hospitals with preparation approval numbers ，the proportion of owning TCM preparations was the highest （73.66％），followed by common chemical preparations （69.93％）. From perspective of annual output value of hospital preparations ，tertiary hospitals were higher than secondary hospitals ，and private hospitals were higher than public hospitals ；it was related to the production mode ，varieties of hospital preparations and the establishment of the preparation laboratories. There was a trend that the development of hospital preparations in C entral China ，North China and South China was better than that in the Northeast China ，Northwest China and Southwest China. CONCLUSIONS At present ，hospital preparations in China are mainly made in medical institutions ， com and the types are relatively limited. The regional developmentis unbalanced and the scale of hospital preparations is reduced.It is suggested that medical institutions should pay attention to the innovation of hospital preparations ，especially to deve lopment of characteristic preparations with definite curative effect ，so as to give full play to their role of “shortage make-up ”. Great importance also should be paid to the policy support of dispensing and the establishment of regional dispensing centers.

Standardized diagnosis and treatment of undifferentiated connective tissue disease and mixed connective tissue disease / 中华内科杂志

Undifferentiated connective tissue disease (CTD) usually refers to patients who are presented with certain symptoms and signs related to CTD, and positive serological evidence of autoimmune diseases but don′t fulfill any of the classification criteria for a certain CTD. Mixed CTD refers to patients who are presented with one or more clinical manifestations such as hand swelling, synovitis, myositis, Raynaud′s phenomenon, and acrosclerosis. Patients with mixed CTD always have high-titer anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) of speckled pattern and high-titer anti-U 1 ribonuclear protein (RNP) antibody in serum, while with negative anti-Sm antibody. The update of diagnosis and treatment of undifferentiated CTD and mixed CTD lags behind other established CTD. There is a lack of evidence from randomized controlled trials or guidelines/recommendations on the treatment of undifferentiated CTD or mixed CTD. At present, the conventional therapy is mainly adopted according to the specific clinical manifestations of the disease. The standardized diagnosis and treatment of undifferentiated CTD and mixed CTD were drafted by the Chinese Rheumatology Association based on the previous guidelines and the progress of available evidence, so as to improve the management of these patients in China.

The clinical significance of the transforming growth factor-β receptor I expression in na?ve CD4 + T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of the transforming growth factor-β receptor I (TGF-βRⅠ) expression in na?ve CD4 + T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods:Na?ve CD4 + T cells were purified using magnetic microbeads from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of SLE patients and healthy controls. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect TGF-βRⅠ mRNA level, and flow cytometry was used to detect the percentage of CD69 +CD4 + T cells. Data were analyzed by t test and Pearson correlation analysis. Results:The level of TGF-βR Ⅰ mRNA in na?ve CD4 + T cells from SLE patients was significantly lower than that in healthy controls [(0.674±0.873) vs (1.445±1.112), t=2.301, P<0.05]. The TGF-βR Ⅰ mRNA level was negatively correlated with systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) ( r=-0.376, P<0.05), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) ( r=-0.376, P<0.05), serum creatinine ( r=-0.323, P<0.05) and 24 h urine protein ( r=-0.331, P<0.05), and positively correlated with serum com-plement C3 ( r=0.528, P<0.01). The level of TGF-βRⅠ mRNA level in na?ve CD4 + T cells in SLE patients with renal involvement was lower than that in SLE patients without renal involvement [(0.525±0.536) vs (1.071±1.007), t=2.198, P<0.05]. The TGF-βR Ⅰ mRNA level in the na?ve CD4 + T cells in anti-dsDNA antibody positive group was lower than that in the anti-dsDNA antibody negative group [(0.344±0.315) vs (0.958±1.076), t=2.277, P<0.05]. The expression of TGF-βRⅠ mRNA in na?ve CD4 + T cells from SLE patients was reduced after 24 h stimulation with anti-CD3/CD28 beads [(0.047±0.013) vs (1.008±0.129), t=14.38, P<0.01], which was partially reversed by dexamethasone treatment [(0.240±0.042) vs (0.047±0.013), t=7.845, P<0.01]. Meanwhile, dexamethasone significantly decreased the expression of CD69 in CD4 + T cells [(15.0±2.1)% vs(34.9±2.0)%, t=32.57, P<0.01]. Conclusion:The abnormally low expression of TGF-βRⅠ in na?ve CD4 + T cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of SLE. Glucocorticoid treatment can upregulate the expression of TGF-βRI and inhibit the activation of T cells, This suggests suggesting that TGF-βRⅠ may be a potential target for SLE treatment.

Microbe-based management for colorectal cancer / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent, most lethal cancers in the world. Increasing evidence suggests that the intestinal microbiota is closely related to the pathogenesis and prognosis of CRC. The normal microbiota plays an essential role in maintaining gut barrier function and the immune microenvironment. Recent studies have identified carcinogenic bacteria such as enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) and Streptococcus gallolyticus (S. gallolyticus), as well as protective bacterial such as Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila), as potential targets of CRC treatment. Gut microbiota modulation aims to restore gut dysbiosis, regulate the intestinal immune system and prevent from pathogen invasion, all of which are beneficial for CRC prevention and prognosis. The utility of probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation and dietary inventions to treat CRC makes them novel microbe-based management tools. In this review, we describe the mechanisms involved in bacteria-derived colorectal carcinogenesis and summarized novel bacteria-related therapies for CRC. In summary, we hope to facilitate clinical applications of intestinal bacteria for preventing and treating CRC.

Nutritional Knowledge and Skills of Fast-food Takeout Practitioners in Chengdu City / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To investigate the current status of nutritional knowledge and skills of fast-food takeout practitioners in Chengdu City,so as to provide evidence for nutritional literacy education among takeout practitioners.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 832 employees of fast-food takeout restaurants in Chengdu from April to September in 2019 through a multi-stage random sampling strategy.Results The awareness rate of nutritional knowledge of fast-food takeout practitioners in Chengdu was 77.28%,and the correct rates of answers to daily oil intake for adults,daily drinking water for adults and daily salt intake for adults in the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents were respectively 17.43%,22.60% and 25.36%.In addition,the proportion of practitioners with the ability to estimate the recommended intake of food for a meal,the ability to estimate condiments intake and the ability to interpret nutrition labels were 8.77%,8.77% and 15.02%,respectively.The awareness rate of nutritional knowledge was the lowest(71.47%)in the practitioners aged≤25 and the highest(84.53%)in those aged 26-39,and the difference was statistically significant(χ

Finite element optimization analysis of minimally invasive screw treatment for Sanders typeⅡcalcaneal fracture / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore biomechanical characteristics of minimally invasive different screw fixations in treating Sanders typeⅡcalcaneal fractures.@*METHODS@#Dicom data of calcaneus by CT scan were input into Mimics 21.0 software and Ansys15.0 software to construct three-dimensional finite element digital model of calcaneus;this model was input into UG NX 10.0 software, and calcaneus was cut according to Sanders classification to establish Sanders typeⅡ calcaneus model with posterior articular surface collapse;then simulated minimally invasive screw internal fixation after calcaneal fracture:a screw from posterior articular surface was used to outside-in fix sustentaculum tali, other 4 screws were used to fix calcaneus by different methods through calcaneal tuberosity, and 4 different calcaneal models were obtained. Under the same conditions, 4 types of internal fixation models were loaded respectively, and nonlinear finite element analysis was performed to calculate the stress distribution of different internal fixation models.@*RESULTS@#Under the same condition of loading, the model 3 had smaller displacement value, maximum calcaneus displacement value and maximum equivalent stress value of the screw than other three internal fixation models, and the stress was more dispersed.@*CONCLUSION@#In minimally invasive screw internal fixation of calcaneus fracture, after 1 sustentaculum tali screw fixation, 2 screws crossed fix posterior articular surface from calcaneal tuberosity, 2 screws fix parallelly calcaneocuboid joint from calcaneal tuberosity are more suitable for biomechanical requirements, and could provide basic theory for clinical treatment.

Methodological Evaluation of Microarray in the Detection of α-Thalassemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To proceed the clinical evaluation of DNA microarray for thalassemia gene detection.@*METHODS@#Peripheral blood samples of 166 thalassemia gene test subjects were collected and tested for thalassemia genes by microarray chip method and Gap-PCR method combined with PCR-reverse dot blot hybridization method according to double-blind control test. The specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and total coincidence rate of the microarray chip method were evaluated. When the two methods were inconsistent, multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was used to verify the deletional α-thalassemia.@*RESULTS@#Compared with Gap-PCR method, specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, Youden index, and total coincidence rate of microarray chip method was 100% (70/70), 96.88% (93/96), 100% (93/93), 95.89% (70/73), 0.969, and 97.59% (162/166), respectively, while compared with PCR-reverse dot blot hybridization method was 100% (125/125), 100% (41/41), 100% (41/41), 100% (125/125), 1, and 100% (166/166), respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The microarray chip method for α-thalassemia gene detection shows the advantages of high specificity, sensitivity, and throughput.

Application of DNA Microarray in Genetic Mutation Detection in Patients with Thalassemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To perform dried blood spots thalassemia gene detection in patients with positive blood phenotypes by microarray technology, and evaluate its value in clinical detection.@*METHODS@#DNA samples were extracted from dried blood spots of 410 patients. Microarray technology was used to detect 3 deletion and 3 non-deletion types of α-thalassemia and 19 β-thalassemia point mutations which were common gene mutions in China.@*RESULTS@#There were 357 positive cases in all the 410 tested samples with the positive rate 87.07%, among which 299 cases (72.93%) carried deletion or point mutations of α-thalassemia, 29 cases (7.07%) carried point mutations of β-thalassemia and 29 cases (7.07%) carried gene mutations of complex αβ-thalassemia syndrome. The mutations of α-thalassemia were involved with --@*CONCLUSION@#The most common genetic mutations are --

Lysophosphatidic Acid Down-regulated SKOV3 Cells of Ovarian Cancer in Doxorubicin Hydrochloride-induced Apoptosis / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a bioactive lipid medium, plays an important role in the development and progression of ovarian cancer. Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) is a first-line drug in the ovarian cancer clinical therapy, while the effect and molecular mechanism of LPA in the ovarian cancer with DOX treatment is still unclear. This study intended to explore the effect and molecular mechanism of LPA in ovarian cancer treated with DOX. SKOV3 and OVCAR-3 cells of human ovarian cancer and Chinese hamster ovary cells were treated with control, LPA (lOp-mol/L), DOX (2jjLmol/L) and LPA (10jJLmol/L) + DOX (2p,mol/L) respectively for 24 hours. The morphological changes of SKOV3 cells were observed under optical microscope and transmission electron microscope. Results showed that LPA reduced cell death and the degree of chromatin aggregation in SKOV3 cells treated with DOX; RT-qPCR showed that LPA treatment could down-regulate the mRNA levels of caspase-3 in DOX-treated SKOV3 cells (P<0. 05); Western blot showed that LPA treatment could reduce caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 levels treated with DOX in SKOV3, OVCAR-3 and CHO cells (P<0. 05); Flow cytometry using Annexin V/PI double staining showed that LPA could down-regulate apoptosis in SKOV3 cells treated with DOX (P<0. 05); DCFH-DA method was used to detect intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in SKOV3 cells. It was found that LPA reduced the intracellular ROS level treated with DOX (P<0. 05). Our preliminarily study showed the effect of LPA in the apoptosis of ovarian cancer treated with DOX, which may provide a reference for the drug therapy of ovarian cancer targeting LPA.

Effects of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy on Tendon Adhesion in Late Period after Hand Tendon Repair / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To observe the effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on tendon adhesion in late period after hand tendon repair. Methods:From July, 2017 to December, 2018, 40 patients with tendon adhesion after hand tendon repair more than three months were collected. They were randomly divided into control group (n = 20) and experimental group (n = 20). Two groups received routine therapy, and the experimental group added extracorporeal shock wave therapy. Before and two months after treatment, the total active movement (TAM) of the fingers and the grip strength were messured. Results:There was no significant difference in TAM of the fingers and the grip strength before treatment (P > 0.05). After treatment, TAM of the fingers and the grip strength significantly increased (|t| > 10.284,P < 0.001), and were higher in the experimental group than in the control group (t > 0.386,P < 0.001). Conclusion:Extracorporeal shock wave therapy could facilitate to improve the tendon slippage and hand function in patients with tendon adhesion after hand tendon repair.

Anti-oxidation and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Yixinshu Capsule in Treatment of Qi-Yin Deficiency in Viral Myocarditis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To discuss the clinical efficacy of Yixinshu capsule for viral myocarditis (VMC) with deficiency of Qi and Yin, and to investigate its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect. Method:One hundred and thirty-two patients were randomly divided into control group (66 cases) and observation group (66 cases) by random number table. Patients in two group got comprehensive treatment of Western medicine, i.e. intravenous drip of creatine phosphate injection for 14 days, 1 g/time, 1 time/day. Coenzyme Q10 capsule, 1 grain/time, 3 times/day after meals. Trimetazidine dihydrochloride tablets, 1 tablet/time, 3 times/day during meals. And critically ill patients got intravenous drip of dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection for 14 days, 10-20 mg/time, 1 time/day. The control group took Wenxin granules orally,One bag at a time,3 times/day. Patients in observation group additionally got Yixinshu capsule, 3 grains/time, 3 times/days. The courses of treatment were 8 weeks in both groups. The serum troponin I (cTnI) and creatine phosphokinase (CK-MB) were monitored, and after treatment, the recovery rates of cTnI, CK-MB were recorded. Before and after treatment, the electrocardiogram was observed and the recovery rate after treatment was recorded. Before and after treatment, the scores of deficiency of Qi and Yin were graded, and levels of creatine phosphokinase (CPK), hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-17 and IL-35 were detected. Echocardiography, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), cardiac index (CI), and maximum velocity values between early and late diastolic (E/A) were detected. Result:In the analysis of rank sum test, clinical efficacy in observation group was better than that in control group (Z=2.151, P<0.05). Recovery rates of cTnI, CK-MB and electrocardiogram in observation group were 82.26% (51/62), 90.32% (56/62) and 80.65% (50/62), higher than 65.00% (39/60), 73.33% (44/60) and 63.33% (38/60) in control group (P<0.05). Levels of serum cTnI, CK-MB, CPK, HBDH, LDH, AST, MDA, IFN-γ and IL-17 were lower than those in control group (P<0.01), while levels of LVEF, CI, E/A, SOD, GSH-Px, IL-10 and IL-35 were higher than those in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion:On the basis of comprehensive anti-infection treatment, Yixinshu capsule can additional protect myocardium by anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect, reduce myocardial enzyme, promote the recovery of ECG and cardiac enzyme, improve cardiac function and improve the effect of clinical treatment.