Role of inflammatory factors in diabetic ulcers and prospects of traditional Chinese medicine intervention / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Diabetic ulcers are a common complication of diabetes mellitus,which is manifested as foot ulcers complicated with infection,long treatment cycle,high disability rate and mortality rate,and brings a heavy burden to patients and social care. OBJECTIVE:To review the mechanism of action and the latest treatment progress of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in the treatment of diabetic ulcers,and to provide a basis for further theoretical research and clinical application. METHODS:CNKI,WanFang Database and PubMed database were searched for relevant literature using the keywords of"diabetic ulcer,medicinal herb,inflammation,interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor,hypersensitive C-reactive protein,γ-interferon,interleukin-4,interleukin-10"in Chinese and English,respectively.The relevant literature in recent years was searched,and finally 75 articles were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The high glucose environment of the body will increase the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines,so that diabetic ulcer wounds are in a state of chronic inflammatory response for a long time,and difficult to heal or even not heal.TCM has summed up a lot of experience in the long-term struggle with diabetic ulcer.At present,TCM divides diabetic ulcers into four syndrome types:dampness and heat poison syndrome,blood and blood stasis obstruction pattern,heat poison injury Yin pattern,and Qi and blood deficiency syndrome,as well as representative prescriptions for treatment.According to their clinical characteristics,diabetic ulcers can be also divided into three stages:primary,middle and late stages.Different treatment methods are proposed:"clear method,""warm and clear combined use"and"maintenance method."Under the guidance of dialectical typing and staging of TCM,TCM monomers,extracts and compounds inhibit the inflammatory response and promote the healing of diabetic ulcers by down-regulating the expression of pro-inflammatory factors and/or up-regulating the expression of anti-inflammatory factors.Compared with modern medicine,TCM has significant advantages in the treatment of diabetic ulcers.There are many TCM monomers,extracts and compounds for the treatment of diabetic ulcers,such as angelica,curcumin,improved Chonghe ointment,Sanhuang blood exhaustion prescription and sore-ulcer I.formula,etc.It has been found that TCM for the treatment of diabetic ulcers is mainly heat-clearing and detoxifying,invigorating blood circulation and removing blood stasis,and amassing sores and muscle-building drugs,and the frequency of use,treatment scope and therapeutic effect of TCM compounds are obviously better than those of TCM monomers and extracts.Among them,the most commonly used are the Sanhuang blood exhaustion prescription and the sore-ulcer I as well as prescription for the treatment of damp heat toxicity syndrome and Zizhu ointment for the treatment of non-ischemic diabetic ulcers.However,there are also some shortcomings in the treatment of diabetic ulcers with TCM.First,there are few clinical syndrome studies on diabetic ulcers.Secondly,there are a wide variety of TCM monomers,extracts and compounds for the treatment of diabetic ulcers,and the relevant research is insufficiently in-depth.Finally,the research on the mechanism underlying TCM treatment of diabetic ulcers is still in the preliminary exploration stage,and the mechanism of action still needs to be further explored.In the future,it is necessary to strengthen the research on the pharmacology of TCM and the clinical syndrome of diabetic ulcers,analyze the potential targets and related signaling pathways of TCM in the treatment of diabetic ulcers,give full play to the therapeutic advantages of TCM with multiple targets,multiple pathways,multiple levels and multiple systems,and develop TCM with significant efficacy,active ingredients and clear targets.

Role of MAPK Signaling Pathway in Prevention and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Chinese Medicine Intervention： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Rheumatoid arthritis （RA） is an autoimmune disease involving symmetrical small joints， with clinical manifestations such as small joint swelling， morning stiffness， progressive pain， and even joint deformity and loss of function. Due to the complex immune mechanism， the pathogenesis of RA remains unclear. However， studies have shown that the pathogenesis of RA is related to abnormal immune mechanism， increased synovial inflammatory response， abnormal biological behavior of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes （RA-FLSs）， and abnormal degradation of extracellular matrix. Mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） plays a key role in the regulation of cell growth， proliferation， differentiation， and apoptosis. It is involved in the abnormal release and activation of inflammatory mediators in RA， the abnormal proliferation， migration， and invasion of RA-FLSs， synovial angiogenesis， bone erosion， and cartilage destruction. The thousands of years of practical experience show that Chinese medicine can effectively mitigate the clinical symptoms such as joint swelling， morning stiffness， and pain and delay the occurrence of joint deformity in RA patients. Moreover， the Chinese medicine treatment has the advantages of overall regulation， personalized treatment， multiple pathways and targets， high safety， few adverse reactions， and stable quality. Modern studies have confirmed that Chinese medicine can play a role in the prevention and treatment of RA by interfering in the MAPK signaling pathway， reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines， inhibiting the abnormal proliferation， migration， and invasion of RA-FLSs， regulating the apoptosis of RA-FLSs， and protecting extracellular matrix. This article elaborates on the key role of MAPK signaling pathway in the development of RA and reviews the latest research results of Chinese medicine intervention in MAPK signaling pathway for the prevention and treatment RA， aiming to provide a basis for the development of new drugs and the clinical application of Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of RA.

Effect of Quercetin on LPS-induced Chondrocyte Matrix Metabolism and Inflammation by Activating Autophagy / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of quercetin in regulating chondrocyte extracellular matrix metabolism and inflammatory response in knee osteoarthritis （KOA） from the perspective of autophagy. MethodChondrocytes were extracted and cultured， and the primary cells were identified by immunofluorescence staining with collagen Ⅱ. The chondrocytes induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS） were divided into a control group （without any treatment）， a model group （10 mg·L-1 LPS treatment for 48 h）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose quercetin group （10 mg·L-1 LPS treatment for 48 h combined with 50， 100， and 150 mmol·L-1 quercetin for 24 h）. The inhibitory effects of LPS （2.5， 5， 7.5， 10， 12.5 mg·L-1） on the proliferation of chondrocytes for different periods （24， 48， 72 h） were detected by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8）. The effects of quercetin （50， 100， 150， 200 mmol·L-1） on the LPS-induced proliferation of chondrocytes for different periods （12， 24， and 48 h） were investigated. The expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3Ⅱ （LC3Ⅱ） and ubiquitin-binding protein p62 was detected by Western blot. LPS-induced chondrocytes were treated with 3-methyladenine （3-MA）. The resultant cells were divided into a control group （without any treatment）， a model group （10 mg·L-1 LPS）， a quercetin group （model group + 100 mmol·L-1 quercetin）， a 3-MA group （model group + 100 μmol·L-1 3-MA）， and a 3-MA + quercetin group （model group + 100 μmol·L-1 3-MA + 100 mmol·L-1 quercetin， specifically， LPS for 48 h， 3-MA for 2 h， and then quercetin for 24 h）. The content of interleukin （IL）-1β and tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13 （MMP-13） and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 （TIMP1） was detected by Western blot. ResultCollagen Ⅱ immunofluorescence staining showed that the extracted cells were consistent with the characteristics of chondrocytes. As revealed by CCK-8， the optimum concentration of LPS was 10 mg·L-1 with an action time of 48 h， and the optimum concentration of quercetin was 100 mmol·L-1 with an action time of 24 h. Western blot results showed that compared with the control group， the model group showed decreased expression of LC3Ⅱ （P<0.01） and increased expression of p62 （P<0.01）. The expression of LC3Ⅱ in the quercetin groups was higher than that in the control group （P<0.01）， especially in the medium-dose quercetin group. The p62 expression in the quercetin groups was lower than that in the control group （P<0.01）， especially in the medium-dose quercetin group. Compared with the control group， the model group showed increased expression of MMP-13 （P<0.05） and decreased expression of TIMP1 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the quercetin groups and the 3-MA + quercetin group showed decreased expression of MMP-13 （P<0.05， P<0.01）， especially the quercetin groups， and increased expression of TIMP1 （P<0.01）， especially the quercetin groups. Morphological changes in chondrocytes under the inverted microscope showed that quercetin could restore the morphology of damaged chondrocytes. CCK-8 showed that compared with the control group， the model group showed inhibited chondrocyte proliferation （P<0.01）， and compared with the model group， the quercetin groups and the 3-MA + quercetin group showed promoted chondrocyte proliferation （P<0.01）， especially the quercetin groups. ELISA results showed that IL-1β and TNF-α levels in the model group were higher than those in the control group （P<0.01）， and the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in the quercetin groups and the 3-MA + quercetin group were lower than those in the model group （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the decrease in the quercetin groups was the most significant. ConclusionQuercetin can promote LPS-induced chondrocyte proliferation， regulate chondrocyte extracellular matrix synthesis and metabolic balance， inhibit the inflammatory response， and restore chondrocyte function. The mechanism may be related to the activation of autophagy by quercetin.

Status of influenza vaccination in an elderty community in Shanghai during the COVID-19 pandemic / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the status and the influencing factors of influenza vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic among community-dwelling elderly in Shanghai.Methods:A questionnaire survey on influenza vaccination among community-dwelling elderly was conducted in Shanghai Taikang elderly community in November 2020. The information on demographic characteristics, reasons for refusal of vaccination, and measures for increasing vaccination rates were collected. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between influenza vaccination and sociodemographic and health-related characteristics.Results:Among 520 respondents, the vaccination rate was 30.58% (159/520). Compared with unvaccinated group, elderly in vaccinated group was older ( t=16.04, P=0.003)and more educated(χ2=8.16, P=0.043). The elderly with comorbid heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tumor, asthma, Parkinson′s disease were likely to have vaccination ( OR=1.45, 2.16, 1.23, 1.64, 5.83; all P<0.05).The reasons for the elderly not to be vaccinated were concerns of side effects (46.26%, 167/361), lack of doctors′ recommendations (24.10%, 87/361), and unnecessary for people with good health conditions (19.39%, 70/361). The independent factors of influenza vaccine awareness rate were healthcare providers′ recommendations ( OR=9.18, 95% CI:5.47-16.32), vaccination at home( OR=11.79, 95% CI:6.87-21.66),vaccination available in community( OR=8.08, 95% CI:8.08-15.45),the mandatory requirement ( OR=4.61,95% CI:4.61-10.11),free of charge( OR=7.48, 95% CI:4.08-15.12). Conclusion:Influenza vaccination coverage among the elderly in Shanghai is still low even during the COVID-19 pandemic. Policy interventions, awareness education and strengthening the primary healthcare resources may contribute to achieving a high influenza vaccine coverage rate in the community-dwelling elderly

Feasibility and safety of transurethral plasmakinetic enucleation of prostate with suprapubic bladder puncture and gland fixation / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the feasibility and safety of suprapubic bladder puncture and gland fixation in transurethral enucleation of the prostate.Methods:The clinical data of 15 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2020 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The age was (70.27±5.35) years old, preoperative serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was (3.03±1.37) ng/ml, preoperative total prostate weight was 80.3(70.49, 96.78)g, preoperative postvoid residual urine volume(PVR)was 80 (55, 108)ml, and the maximum urine flow rate (Q max) was (6.13±2.25) ml/s. The international prostate symptom score(IPSS) was 25(22, 27), quality of life (QOL)score was 5(5, 6), international erectile function index-5 (IIEF-5) score was (15.38±5.10). All 15 patients underwent conventional transurethral plasma enucleation of prostate by using the three-lobe method, and the enucleated gland was pushed into the bladder completely. Then a laparoscopic pneumoperitoneum needle was used to perform suprappubic cystipuncture, and ureteral grasping forceps were inserted through the outer sheath. The forceps were used to fix the enencied gland. A rapid harvesting electric resection was performed in the broad space of the bladder, and the Ellick was rinsed to remove the tissue fragments. Surgical indicators and complications were recorded. The improvement of subjective score (IPSS, QOL, IIEF-5) and objective index (Q max, PVR) was compared between preoperative and postoperative. Results:All the 15 operations were completed successfully and there were no complications such as blood transfusion, capsule perforation, transurethral resection syndrome, bladder injury, bladder puncture site laceration and bleeding. The weight of resected prostate tissue was 44(40, 60)g, with blood loss (79.20±18.93)ml.The time of enucleation operation was (54.13±10.88)min, with harvest cutting time (14.67±2.50)min, evisceration efficiency (0.89±0.08)g/min, harvesting efficiency (3.26±0.36)g/min, bladder irrigation time (2.47±0.52) d. The time of indwelling catheter was (3.73±0.80)d.The postoperative hospital stay was (4.40±0.91) d. Temporary urinary incontinence occurred in 1 case after operation. All patients were followed up for 6 months after operation. The IPSS score was 3(2, 3), QOL score was 0(0, 1), IIEF-5 score was (20.12±2.30), Q maxwas (21.80±2.14) ml/s and PVR was 10(5, 15)ml, which were all significantly different compared with those before surgery ( P<0.05). The symptoms of the patients were significantly improved. Conclusions:Transurethral plasma enucleation of prostate combined with suprapubic bladder puncture and fixed gland is effective in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The subjective symptoms and objective examination of patients have been significantly improved, and no adverse operation-related complications have occurred. It is a suitable method for enucleation of prostate in units which are not equipped with transurethral tissue planer.

Evaluation of reverse Judet approach in the treatment of scapular body complicated fractures / 国际外科学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of surgical treatment of scapular body complicated fractures with reverse Judet operation approach.Methods:A retrospective review was made on 36 patients with scapular body complicated fractures from Jan. 2013 to Jan. 2019. All the fractures were type Ⅳ according to Miller ME classification. There were 29 males and 7 females, at mean age of 46 years(ranged from 20 to 63 years). High energy traffic injury occurred in 13 patients, high fall injury in 8 patients, heavy pound in 3 patients.CT scan and 3D reconstruction were performed before operation, to expose the scapula with reverse Judet approach and do the internal fixation operation with reconstruction plate. Instructed the patients in functional exercises and clinic effects. All patients were followed up after operation. Twenty patients with scapular body complicated fractures from Jan. 2013 to Jan. 2019 treated by classic Judet approach operation were control analysised, compared the operation time, blood less, Incision healing and the shoulder function score after 1 year postoperation.Results:One-stage incision healing were achieved in all 36 patients, no infection and necrosis occurred in the muscle and skin flaps, all patients were followed up for 1 to 6 years(mean 3.8 years). According to Hardegger evaluation standard, 28 cases were excellent, 8 cases were good, the excellent and good rate was 100%. Opteration time and blood loss were less than those in classic Judet group, the differences were significant( P<0.001). Conclusion:For the surgical treatment of complicated fractures, reverse Judet approach that muscle flap and skin flap separated is feasible, the operation is simple, which can obviously shorten the operation time and blood loss, sufficient exposure is good for the reduction and stable fixation of fractures in the operation, early functional exercise can be proformed after operation, reverse Judet approach is a safe and efficient choice for the surgical treatment of scapular body complicated fractures.

Progress in association between high mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1) and immune imbalance in primary Sj?gren′s syndrome / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Primary Sj?gren′s syndrome (pSS) is a relatively common autoimmune systemic disease. The pathogenesis of pSS has not been fully elucidated. With the deepening of research, it is found that high mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1) is associated with the pathogenesis of pSS, and immunomodulatory abnormalities have become a research hotspot. This article reviewed the association between HMGB1 and immune imbalance in the pathogenesis of pSS.

Biomechanical Properties of the Modified Memory Alloy Internal Fixator for Separation of Pubic Symphysis / 医用生物力学

Objective To investigate biomechanical characteristics of the modified memory alloy internal fixator for separation of pubic symphysis. Methods The model of pubic symphysis separation injury was established based on 10 pelvic specimens. The control group was fixed with the dynamic compression plate after reduction, and the experimental group was fixed with the modified memory alloy internal fixator for separation of pubic symphysis after reduction. The biomechanical stability for two kinds of internal fixation was compared. Results There were no loosening and fracture of internal fixation in both groups. The displacement of pubic symphysis in horizontal, anterio-posterior and vertical direction in the experimental group was obviously reduced compared with the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusions Compared with the dynamic compression plate, the modified memory alloy internal fixator for separation of pubic symphysis shows better resistance to the tensile force against horizontal and anterio-posterior direction, as well as better resistance to the vertical shear force.

Current status survey of labor analgesia in Shanghai / 临床麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the current situation of labor analgesia in Shanghai, provide data supportion and decision-making basis for further popularization of labor analgesia.Methods Using the self-made questionnaire, Shanghai Medical Doctor Association of Anesthesiologist issued a notice on the purpose of the study and the way how to fill it up.The questionnaire was distributed and recycled through the website wjx.com.Results The 58 hospitals included in this survey accounted for 90.44％ of the total delivery in Shanghai in 2017, and the overall labor analgesia rate was37.22％.The number of deliveries in 13 maternal and child specialist hospitals accounted for 58.44％of 58 hospitals, and the labor analgesia rate was 56.75％.It accounted for 93.50％of the 58 hospitals analgesic deliveries.There are 44 (75.86％) hospitals carrying labor analgesia by intraspinal nerve block as the main method of labor analgesia.42 (95.45％) of these hospitals began to analgesia during the incubation period, 30 (68.18％) of these hospitals closed the analgesic pump during childbirth, and 40 (90.9％) hospitals had a maternal satisfaction of 85 or more, 36 (81.82％) of these hospitals charged labor analgesia in accordance with the anesthesia clause.However, among the 14 hospitals that did not practive labor analgesia, 13 (92.86％) were due to inadequate anesthesiologists and other relevant factors.Conclusion The overall labor analgesia rate in Shanghai was 37.22％.The service has been mainly provided in maternal and child specialist hospitals.The main factors restricting the labor analgesia are the shortage of anesthesiologists and the lack of specific charges.In order to promote the labor analgesia, policy support is an important aspect, and the labor analgesia process and innovative management mode should also be optimized.

Risk factors and a prognostic model for postoperative cognitive dysfunction after gynecologic laparoscopic surgery in elderly women / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the risk factors for postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD)after gynecologic laparoscopic surgery in elderly female patients,and to establish a risk model for prognosis.Methods Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) was used to evaluate the cognitive function of 280 elderly women who underwent gynecologic laparoscopic surgery from April 2014 to March 2016 in four tertiary-level hospitals in Hubei Province.Thirty-two cases were excluded due to withdrawal or loss of follow-up,and 248 cases with complete and valid data were collected for analysis.According to the degree of cognitive impairment on the 7th day after operation,subjects were grouped into a POCD group and a non-POCD group.Logistic regression was used to determine risk factors and establish a prognostic model for POCD.Results Of the 248 subjects enrolled,62 (25.0％) were diagnosed with POCD on the 7th day after operation.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) grade(OR =4.578,95％CI:1.156 ～18.139,P =0.030),age (OR =1.465,95％ CI:1.230 ～ 1.745,P =0.000),and duration of anesthesia(OR =1.030,95 ％ CI:1.005 ～ 1.056,P =0.017) were independent risk factors for POCD,and intraoperative administration of dexmedetomidine (OR =0.069,95 ％ CI:0.508 ～ 14.094,P =0.011),dexamethasone (OR =0.135,95 ％ CI:0.200 ～ 0.928,P =0.042),and maintenance of deep anesthesia(OR =0.761,95 ％ CI:0.630 to 0.919,P =0.005) were protective factors.A prognostic model was established based on the principle of logistic regression equation.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve determined Y=4.291 as the best risk value,and the expected sensitivity and specificity were 90.3％ and 97.8％,respectively.Additionally,another 50 independent cases were included to verify the predictive efficacy of the model.It showed that the overall correct rate was 86.0％,and the sensitivity and specificity were 81.8％ and 87.2％,respectively.Conclusions Increased ASA grade,advanced age,prolonged anesthesia time are independent risk factors for POCD,and intraoperative administration of dexmedetomidine,dexamethasone,maintenance of deep anesthesia play a protective role.The prognosis model of POCD has certain clinical value.

Optimization of Extraction Technology of Volatile Oil and Inclusion Technology in Quhan Zhufeng Granules / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To establish the method for content determination of ligustilide and to optimize the extraction technology of volatile oil and inclusion technology in Quhan zhufeng granules. METHODS： HPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on Waters C18 column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-water （70 ∶ 30， V/V） at the flow rate of 1 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 327 nm， and the column temperature was 30 ℃. The sample size was 10 μL. Using yield of volatile oil and the content of ligustilide as index， with soaking time， the amount of adding water and extraction time as factors， the extraction technology was optimized by orthogonal test. Using inclusion rate， the yield of inclusion compound and yield of volatile oil as index， with ratio of volatile oil to β-cyclodextrin， inclusion temperature and inclusion time as factors， the inclusion technology of volatile oil was optimized by orthogonal test. RESULTS： The linear range of ligustilide was 0.4-4 μg（r＝0.999 9）； RSDs of precision， stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 2％ （n＝6）. The recoveries were 96.75％-102.03％（RSD＝2.06％，n＝6）. The optimal extraction technology of volatile oil included 10-fold water （mL/g）， soaking for 15 min， extracting for 8 h. Average yield of volatile oil was 0.310 7％， and average content of ligustilide was 0.418 0 mg/g. The optimal inclusion technology of volatile oil included ratio of β-cyclodextrin and volatile oil was 1 ∶ 8 （mL/g）； inclusion temperature was 50 ℃； inclusion time was 3 h. Average inclusion rate was 69.43％， and the yield of inclusion compound was 58.89％； the yield of volatile oil was 14.15％. CONCLUSIONS： Established determination method is simple， accurate and stable. The optimal extraction technology of volatile oil and inclusion technology are stable and feasible.

Antihyperglycemic and antioxidant effect of the total flavones of Potentilla kleiniana Wight et Arn. in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

To investigate the antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activity of the total flavones of Potentilla kleiniana Wight et Arn. [TFP] in streptozotocin [STZ] induced diabetic rats. STZ-induced diabetic rats were treated with TFP weekly for 4 weeks at three doses [100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg]. Blood glucose levels [BGL], body weight, insulin, total cholesterol [TC], triglyceride [TG], high density lipoprotein [HDL], very low density lipoprotein [VLDL], low density lipoprotein [LDL], malondialdehyde [MDA], glutathione [GSH], super oxide dismutase [SOD] and catalase [CAT] levels of liver and pancreas were measured weekly for 4 weeks. STZ administration resulted in oxidative damage of pancreas, then hyperglycemia proved by higher MDA, lower insulin and higher BGL in comparison to normal rats. TC, TG, LDL and VLDL cholesterol levels were also significantly elevated with decreased GSH, SOD, and CAT levels. A steady decrease in BGL and increase in insulin level were observed 4 weeks after TFP treatment in a dose dependent manner, as well as remarkable improvement in body weight and biochemical parameters. TFP have the effect of inhibiting hyperglycemia and oxidative stress, and the administration may be helpful in the prevention of diabetic complications associated with oxidative stress

Tetramethylpyrazine protects learning memory of hypoxichypoxia rats through interfering expression of GABA receptor and FOXP2 / 中国药理学通报

Aim To examine the influence of tetramethylpyrazine on learning and memory function of hypoxic hypoxia rats, and the expression of gamma aminobutyric acid(GABA) receptor and forkhead box P2(FOXP2) in hippocampus of rats.Methods A total of 120 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into low hypoxic hypoxia and high hypoxic hypoxia groups, then according to different time points every group was divided into 1 d, 3 d, 7 d 15 d, 30 d group, with 12 rats per each group.Experiment group and the control group were treated with tetramethylpyrazine and 0.9% normal saline, respectively.The hypoxic hypoxia environment was achieved by putting the rats in a hypobaric chamber at a simulated altitude of 5 500 meters for different days.The capabilities of learning and memory of rats were detected by Morris water maze test.The expression of GABA receptor and FOXP2 protein in hippocampus of rat was determined by Western blot.Results ① Morris water maze test showed that the total distance of rats in the simulated hypobaric hypoxia control group was longer than that in the tetramethylpyrazine group(P0.05);however,GABAB1 receptor and FOXP2 protein rose from the third day(P<0.05).The expression of GABAAα1 receptor and FOXP2 protein expression were correlated to total distance of Morris water maze in the control group(r=-0.738, P<0.05;r=-0.693, P<0.05), and the expression of GABAB1 receptor was correlated with FOXP2 protein level(r=0.834, P<0.05).Conclusion The simulated high-altitude hypobaric hypoxia can decrease the learning and memory abilities of rats, which may be ameliorated by tetramethylpyrazine intervention, and this effect might be related to the increase of GABAB1R receptor and FOXP2 expression in hippocampus of rats.

Comparative analysis of preoperative MRI findings and surgical results in anal fistula / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To study the value of preoperative MRI in diagnosing and typing anal fistula.Methods The clinical data and MRI findings of 36 operated patients with anal fistula were analyzed retrospectively, and compared with pathological results of the operations, the manifestation and application value of MRI in anal fistula were summarized.Results 36 cases of anal fistula showed 42 internal openings,45 primary tracts,15 small tracts,42 external openings,16 abscesses.Compared with surgical results, the accuracy of MRI was 90.5%(38/42) for internal openings,80%(12/15) for small tracts,100% for primary tracts, external openings and abscesses respectively.According to the Parks type, the coincidence of MRI classification was 88.9%(32/36).Conclusion MRI can accurately display the position of the internal and external openings, the number and form of the tracts, and type about anal fistula.

Study on Alcohol-induced Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head of Phlegm-dampness Constitution with CYP2C8 Gene Polymorphism / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To study the relation between alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head (AIONFH) related with high morbidity TCM constitution type with CYP2C8 gene polymorphisms.Methods Totally 152 Han nationality NONFH cases from Feburary 2014 to September 2015 from outpatient and the inpatient departments in Gansu Province Hospital of TCM were collected. 50 AIONFH cases were set as medical case group; meanwhile, 45 healthy volunteers were enrolled as control group. Database for medical materials of all patients and volunteers was established. TCM distribution for AIONFH patients was determined. Solution DNA extraction kit was used to extract DNA, and detect the concentration and purity of DNA. The target gene was amplified by PCR and the target gene was amplified by gel electrophoresis. The length of the fragment was confirmed to conduct target gene sequencing. With the results of sequencing and gel electrophoresis, the relation of AIONFH with CYP2C8 gene polymorphism in AIONFH patients with phlegm-dampness syndrome and the control group.ResultsThe CYP2C8 gene loci rs17110453 gene polymorphism was not statistically significant between the two groups (χ2=0.253,P>0.05). There was no significant difference in allele between the two groups (χ2=0.077,P>0.05). The risk of disease in CC genotype was 1.37 times higher than the AA genotype (95%CI: 0.339-5.540), without statistical significance (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in genotype and allele distribution between AIONFH patients with phlegm-dampness and non-phlegm-dampness and the control group (P>0.05).Conclusion CYP2C8 gene loci rs17110453 gene polymorphism A/C mutation has no obvious relation with AIONFH risk. There is no clear relationship between CYP2C8 gene loci rs17110453 gene polymorphism with AIONFH.

Study on Polymorphism of Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head in Blood Stasis / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To study the correlation between nontraumatic osteonecrosis of femoral head (NONFH) and ApoA1 polymorphism of blood stasis type.Methods Totally 93 cases of NONFH were selected as the case group, and 83 healthy volunteers were randomly selected as the control group. With TCM constitution questionnaire survey, the case group was screened out 32 cases of blood stasis NONFH type and 61 cases of non blood stasis NONFH type. In the case group and control group, the subjects took blood samples 2 mL, extracted DNA for PCR amplification, PCR products for DNA sequencing. G994T PAF-AH and rs9658282 gene NOS1 site polymorphism were detected for tatistical analysis.Results -75G/A gene AA ApoA1 genotype (OR: 2.578; 95%CI: 1.174-5.663;P=0.018) and A allele (OR: 1.726; 95%CI: 1.121-2.658;P=0.013) may be one of the risk factors of NONFH.Conclusion -75G/A gene ApoA1 may be related to the pathogenesis of NONFH. There was no correlation between the ApoA1 gene polymorphism of -75G/A gene and the pathogenesis of blood stasis NONFH. There was no correlation between the ApoA1 gene polymorphism of +83C/T gene and the pathogenesis of blood stasis NONFH.

Comparison of life quality between surgical castration and drug castration in advanced prostate cancer / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To explore the effects of surgical castration and intermittent androgen blockade (IAB) in patients with advanced prostate cancer.Methods 115 cases of advanced prostate cancer were selected including 48 cases with drug castration receiving IAB and 67 cases with surgical castration.Before the treatment, 6 months and 1 years after the treatment, the quality of life of the two groups was investigated by the quality of life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30 +QLQ-PR25).Results Compared with before treatment, the general health status of the patients in the drug castration group and the surgical castration group were significantly improved (P<0.01), the whole body and the local pain were relieved (P<0.01) and the micturition symptoms were controlled ( P<0.01 ).The overall quality of life of drug castration group and surgical castration group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the degree of sexual function was particularly affected (P<0.01), but the body function of patients in drug castration group restored to a certain extent in drug castration group after 1 year’s treatment(P<0.01), while the quality of life in patients of surgical castration did not reverse.Conclusion Both of surgical castration and androgen deprivation therapy can reduce the quality of life of patients with advanced prostate cancer, but the adverse effects of drug treatment on the quality of life can be recovered in treatment intermission.

Clinical Study onErxian Decoction Combined with Elcatonin in the Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy ofErxian Decoction combined with elcatonin for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.Methods Eighty cases of female patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, 40 cases in each group. The control group received intramuscular injections elcatonin treatment, and the treatment group received oralErxian Decoction on the basis of the treatment of the control group, for 12 weeks. The main clinical symptom score, VAS score and bone mineral density (BMD) of L2-L4 and in the tibia of the two groups were observed before and after treatment to assess the therapeutic effect.Results After treatment, VAS scores of the two groups were significantly lower (P<0.05). The total effective rate of the treatment group was 92.5% (37/40); the control group was 75.0 (30/40), with statistical significance (P<0.05). The treatment group was significantly better than the control group in main symptom scores, especially in improving body symptoms (P<0.05). BMD of the treatment group was significantly higher than the control group.ConclusionErxian Decoction combined with elcatonin therapy for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis can significantly improve clinical symptoms and increase BMD.

Level of plasma homocysteine in patients with herpes zoster / 中华全科医师杂志

The plasma levels of homocysteine (Hcy),vitamin B12 and folic acid were measured in a total of 101 patients with herpes zoster (observation group) before treatment and 100 healthy controls (control group).And the plasma level of Hcy was also measured in observation group after treatment.There was a significant increase of Hcy level in observation group versus control group (P ＜0.01).And the levels of VitB12 and folic acid did not fluctuate (P ＞ 0.05).The occurrence rate of hyperhomocysteinemia and the level of Hcy differed in age group,onset site and pain severity (P ＜ 0.05).No significant differences existed between gender or onset site (P ＞ 0.05).The level of Hcy significantly decreased after treatment versus before treatment (P ＜0.01).Plasma Hcy significantly increased in patients with herpes zoster.And it was correlated with age,lesion extent and pain severity.However,there was no correlation with gender,onset site or levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid.

Relationship between TCM Constitutional Types and TGF-β1 Levels in Serum of Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To discuss the relationship between TCM constitutional types and the levels of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) of patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods A total of 161 patients with KOA as a case group filled out questionnaires about 9 TCM constitution types, and 50 cases of unrelated healthy volunteers were selected randomly as control group. The serum samples of two groups were collected. The levels of TGF-β1 were detected and compared by double antibody sandwich ELISA. Results Compared with the control group, the level of TGF-β1 in the case group decreased, with statistical significance (P0.05). Conclusion The incidence of KOA with qi deficiency type may be related to the decrease of TGF-β1 level. The decreasing level of TGF-β1 may be one of the mechanisms of molecular biology that qi deficiency was linked to KOA.