Association between antiretrovirals and thyroid diseases: a cross-sectional study

Objective This study aims to estimate the prevalence of thyroid diseases and anti-TPO status. We searched for an association among presence of immune reconstitution and use of stavudine, didanosine and protease inhibitors with thyroid diseases. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was performed to analyze the records of 117 HIV-infected patients who had their CD4+ cell count, viral load, anti-TPO, TSH and free T4 levels collected on the same day. Immune reconstitution was considered in those whose T CD4+ count was below 200 cells/mm3, but these values increased above 200 cells/mm3 after the use of antiretrovirals. The odds ratio obtained by a 2x2 contingency table and a chi-square test were used to measure the association between categorical variables. Results The prevalence of thyroid disease was 34.18%; of these, 4.34% were positive for anti-TPO. There was an association of risk between stavudine use and subclinical hypothyroidism (OR = 4.19, 95% CI: 1.29 to 13.59, X2 = 6.37, p = 0.01). Immune reconstitution achieved protection associated with thyroid disease that was near statistical significance OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.19 to 1.04, X2 = 3.55, p = 0.059. Conclusion The prevalence of thyroid disease in the sample studied was higher than what had been found in the literature, with a low positive anti-TPO frequency. The historical use of stavudine has an association of risk for the presence of subclinical hypothyroidism, and immune reconstitution has trends towards protection for the presence of thyroid diseases. .

Profilaxia da arteriosclerose com lípidios marinhos: efeitos de uma curta suplementaçäo com óleo de figado de bacalhau em voluntários normais e revisäo de literatura / Prophylaxis of atherosclerosis with marine lipids: effects of a short supplementation with cod liver oil in healthy voluntects and a review of the literature

Numerosos estudos epidemiológicos e experimentais sugerem existir uma relaçäo inversa entre o consumo de peixe e a mortalidade por doenças aterotrombóticas. Esses efeitos protetores devem-se, provavelmente, aos lipídios encontrados nos peixes e outros animais marinhos, particularmente os ácidos eicosapentaenóico e decosahexaenóico. O presente estudo foi estruturado com o objetivo de avaliar que efeitos uma curta suplementaçäo à dieta ocidental com óleo de fígado de bacalhau poderá exercer sobre o tempo de sangramento e o padräo lipídico plasmático em voluntários normais. O autor também faz uma revisäo de estudos recentes e discute seus resultados