Sujet(s)
Adolescent , Adulte , Transfusion sanguine/effets indésirables , Enfant , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Test ELISA , Femelle , Anticorps anti-VIH/sang , Infections à VIH/épidémiologie , Hépatite B/épidémiologie , Antigènes de surface du virus de l'hépatite B/sang , Hépatite C/épidémiologie , Anticorps de l'hépatite C/sang , Humains , Nourrisson , Mâle , Études séroépidémiologiques , Thalassémie/complicationsRÉSUMÉ
Primary infection with TORCH complex [Toxoplasma, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Herpes simplex virus II (HSV-II)] in pregnant women can lead to adverse outcome which are initially inapparent or asymptomatic and thus difficult to diagnose on clinical grounds. Over a one-year period 380 serum samples were collected from pregnant women having bad obstetric history, attending antenatal clinic. In the present study we have shown the prevalence of Toxoplasma, Rubella, CMV, HSV-II infection in pregnant women by demonstrating the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies by ELISA test. It was found that, IgM antibodies were positive in 40 (10.52%) for Toxoplasma, 102 (26.8%) for Rubella, 32 (8.42%) for CMV and 14 (3.6%) for HSV-II. IgG antibodies were positive in 160 (42.10%) for Toxoplasma, 233 (61.3%) for Rubella, 346 (91.05%) for CMV 145 (33.58%) for HSV-II. Hence all antenatal cases with bad obstetric history should be routinely screened for TORCH as early diagnosis and appropriate intervention, will help in proper management of these cases.
RÉSUMÉ
Health care workers (HCW) are at a risk of occupational acquisition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, primarily due to accidental exposure to infected blood and body fluids. In our general public hospital, over a period of one year (June 2000 - 2001) a total number of 38 self reported incidences of needlestick injuries and other exposures to patient's blood and body fluids were reported by HCWs. A greater incidence of occupational exposure was seen in surgery residents as compared to medicine residents. Till date, i.e. in one and a half-year follow up period, no seroconversion was seen in any of the reported accidental injury cases. This data emphasizes, that needle stick injuries present the single greatest risk to medical personnel and the importance of increased awareness and training in universal safety precautions (USP), for prevention of nosocomial infection.