Development of membrane anatomy theory in gastric cancer surgery / 中华胃肠外科杂志

In the past decade, the concept of membrane anatomy has been gradually applied in gastric cancer surgery. Based on this theory, D2 lymphadenectomy plus complete mesogastric excision (D2+CME) has been proposed, which has been demonstrated to significantly reduce intraoperative bleeding and intraperitoneal free cancer cells during surgery, decrease surgical complications, and improve survival. These results indicate that membrane anatomy is feasible and efficacious in gastric cancer surgery. In this review, we will describe the important contents of membrane anatomy, including "Metastasis V"(2013, 2015), proximal segmentation of dorsal mesogastrium (2015), D2+CME procedure (2016), "cancer leak"(2018), and surgical outcomes of D2+CME (2022).

Visual trephine arthroplasty assisted percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy for lumbar disc herniation / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical efficacy between visual trephine arthroplasty assisted percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (VPTED) and traditional percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy(PTED) in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 60 patients with lumbar disc herniation admitted from June 2019 to December, 2020 was retrospectively analyzed. There were 38 males and 22 females, aged from 26 to 58 years old with an average of (43.63±8.48) years, 47 cases were on L4,5 segment and 13 cases were on L5S1 segment. Among them, 32 were treated with VPTED (group A) and 28 were treated with traditional PTED (group B). The general conditions of all the patients were recorded, including intraoperative fluoroscopy times, operation time, hospital stay and surgical complications during follow-up. The arthroplasty area ratio was observed by sagittal CT at the middle level of the intervertebral foramen. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score of low back pain, Oswestry disability index (ODI) were used to evaluate the clinical efficacy between two groups.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up from 9 to 15 months with an average of (12.10±1.16) months. There was no statistical difference of preoperative general data between two groups. The operation time, fluoroscopy times and hospital stay were (70.47±5.87) min, (13.66±1.34) times and (6.31±0.69) d in group A, and (90.71±7.66) min, (22.82±2.48) times and (6.54±0.92) d in group B. The operation time and intraoperative fluoroscopy times in group A were lower than those in group B(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in hospital stay between two groups (P>0.05). No obvious surgical complications were found during the follow-up in both groups. The arthroplasty area ratio in group A was (29.72±2.84)% and (29.57±2.20)% in group B, respectively, with no significant difference (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS, ODI and JOA score between two groups before operation and at the final follow-up(P>0.05), but the final follow-up was significantly improved(P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The two surgical methods have definite clinical efficacy in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. Visual trephine arthroplasty assisted percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy has the advantages of high efficiency and rapidity when establishing the channel, and can significantly reduce the operation time and intraoperative fluoroscopy times.

Animal study on left bundle branch current of injury and anatomic location of leads in His-purkinje conduction system pacing / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: Explore the relationship between tip of the left bundle branch pacing lead and anatomic location of left bundle branch as well as the mechanism of left bundle branch current of injury. To clarify the clinical value of left bundle branch current of injury during operation. Methods: The pacing leads were implanted in the hearts of two living swines. Intraoperative electrophysiological study confirmed that the left bundle branch or only the deep left ventricular septum was captured at low output. Immediately after operation, the gross specimen of swine hearts was stained with iodine to observe the gross distribution of His-purkinje conduction system on the left ventricular endocardium and its relationship with the leads. Subsequently, the swine hearts were fixed with formalin solution, and the pacing leads were removed after the positions were marked. The swine hearts were then sectioned and stained with Masson and Goldner trichrome, and the relationship between the anatomic location of the conduction system and the tip of the lead was observed under a light microscope. Results: After iodine staining of the specimen, the His-purkinje conduction system was observed with the naked eye in a net-like distribution, and the lead tip was screwed deeply and fixed in the left bundle branch area of the left ventricular subendocardium in the ventricular septum. Masson and Goldner trichrome staining showed that left bundle branch pacing lead directly passed through the left bundle branch when there was left bundle branch potential with left bundle branch current of injury, while it was not directly contact the left bundle branch when there was left bundle branch potential without left bundle branch current of injury. Conclusion: The left bundle branch current of injury observed on intracardiac electrocardiogram during His-purkinje conduction system pacing suggests that the pacing lead directly contacted the conduction bundle or its branches, therefore, the captured threshold was relatively low. Left bundle branch current of injury can be used as an important anatomic and electrophysiological evidence of left bundle branch capture.

The value of T2 mapping for evaluating the pathological type, grade and depth of myometrial invasion in endometrial carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To investigate the value of T2 map and synthetic T2WI generated by T2 mapping in evaluating the histological type, pathological classification and depth of myometrial invasion of endometrial carcinoma (EC). Methods: Seventy-three patients with pathologically proven EC diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from December 2019 to December 2021 and 42 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. All subjects underwent conventional MRI, diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and T2 mapping sequence for the pelvic cavity to test the T2 values and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the focus nidus of the patients and the normal endometrium of the volunteers. The T2 and ADC values of EC vs normal endometrium, and those of different histological types and pathological grades were compared. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of T2 and ADC values in determining the pathological type and classification of EC. In addition, two radiologists used synthetic T2WI combined with T2 map and conventional T2WI combined with DWI, respectively, to evaluate the depth of myometrial invasion, and compared the imaging results with the results of pathological diagnosis to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the two methods in determining the depth of myometrial invasion. Results: The T2 and ADC values of endometrial carcinoma were 85.0 (80.8, 92.5) ms and 0.71 (0.64, 0.77) ×10(-3) mm(2)/s, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of normal endometrium [147.4 (123.4, 176.7) ms and 1.46 (1.26, 1.76)×10(-3) mm(2)/s, respectively; both P<0.05]. The T2 values of endometrioid carcinoma (EA) [84.1 (79.5, 88.7) ms] were significantly lower than those of non-EA [98.8 (92.1, 102.8) ms; P<0.05]. There was no significant difference in ADC values between EA and non-EA (P=0.075). The T2 values of G1, G2 and G3 groups in EA were 89.1 (84.4, 94.4) ms, 83.6 (80.9, 86.2) ms, and 76.5 (71.4, 80.3) ms, respectively. There were significant differences in the T2 values between G1 vs G2, G1 vs G3, and G2 vs G3 groups, respectively (all P<0.017). Significant difference was also found in the ADC values between the G1 and G3 groups (P<0.017). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of T2 values in distinguishing EA from non-EA was 0.867. The AUC of T2 values, ADC values and their combination in predicting high-grade EA was 0.888, 0.730 and 0.895, respectively. The accuracy of synthetic T2WI+ T2 map and conventional T2WI+ DWI in the diagnosis of deep myometrial invasion was 78.1% and 79.5%, respectively, with no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusions: T2 mapping has great potential in preoperative evaluation of EC. The quantitative T2 value can be used in the diagnosis, pathological classification and grading of EC. The combination of synthetic T2WI and T2 map may be helpful to determine the depth of myometrial invasion.

Animal study on left bundle branch current of injury and anatomic location of leads in His-purkinje conduction system pacing / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: Explore the relationship between tip of the left bundle branch pacing lead and anatomic location of left bundle branch as well as the mechanism of left bundle branch current of injury. To clarify the clinical value of left bundle branch current of injury during operation. Methods: The pacing leads were implanted in the hearts of two living swines. Intraoperative electrophysiological study confirmed that the left bundle branch or only the deep left ventricular septum was captured at low output. Immediately after operation, the gross specimen of swine hearts was stained with iodine to observe the gross distribution of His-purkinje conduction system on the left ventricular endocardium and its relationship with the leads. Subsequently, the swine hearts were fixed with formalin solution, and the pacing leads were removed after the positions were marked. The swine hearts were then sectioned and stained with Masson and Goldner trichrome, and the relationship between the anatomic location of the conduction system and the tip of the lead was observed under a light microscope. Results: After iodine staining of the specimen, the His-purkinje conduction system was observed with the naked eye in a net-like distribution, and the lead tip was screwed deeply and fixed in the left bundle branch area of the left ventricular subendocardium in the ventricular septum. Masson and Goldner trichrome staining showed that left bundle branch pacing lead directly passed through the left bundle branch when there was left bundle branch potential with left bundle branch current of injury, while it was not directly contact the left bundle branch when there was left bundle branch potential without left bundle branch current of injury. Conclusion: The left bundle branch current of injury observed on intracardiac electrocardiogram during His-purkinje conduction system pacing suggests that the pacing lead directly contacted the conduction bundle or its branches, therefore, the captured threshold was relatively low. Left bundle branch current of injury can be used as an important anatomic and electrophysiological evidence of left bundle branch capture.

The value of T2 mapping for evaluating the pathological type, grade and depth of myometrial invasion in endometrial carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To investigate the value of T2 map and synthetic T2WI generated by T2 mapping in evaluating the histological type, pathological classification and depth of myometrial invasion of endometrial carcinoma (EC). Methods: Seventy-three patients with pathologically proven EC diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from December 2019 to December 2021 and 42 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. All subjects underwent conventional MRI, diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and T2 mapping sequence for the pelvic cavity to test the T2 values and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the focus nidus of the patients and the normal endometrium of the volunteers. The T2 and ADC values of EC vs normal endometrium, and those of different histological types and pathological grades were compared. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of T2 and ADC values in determining the pathological type and classification of EC. In addition, two radiologists used synthetic T2WI combined with T2 map and conventional T2WI combined with DWI, respectively, to evaluate the depth of myometrial invasion, and compared the imaging results with the results of pathological diagnosis to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the two methods in determining the depth of myometrial invasion. Results: The T2 and ADC values of endometrial carcinoma were 85.0 (80.8, 92.5) ms and 0.71 (0.64, 0.77) ×10(-3) mm(2)/s, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of normal endometrium [147.4 (123.4, 176.7) ms and 1.46 (1.26, 1.76)×10(-3) mm(2)/s, respectively; both P<0.05]. The T2 values of endometrioid carcinoma (EA) [84.1 (79.5, 88.7) ms] were significantly lower than those of non-EA [98.8 (92.1, 102.8) ms; P<0.05]. There was no significant difference in ADC values between EA and non-EA (P=0.075). The T2 values of G1, G2 and G3 groups in EA were 89.1 (84.4, 94.4) ms, 83.6 (80.9, 86.2) ms, and 76.5 (71.4, 80.3) ms, respectively. There were significant differences in the T2 values between G1 vs G2, G1 vs G3, and G2 vs G3 groups, respectively (all P<0.017). Significant difference was also found in the ADC values between the G1 and G3 groups (P<0.017). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of T2 values in distinguishing EA from non-EA was 0.867. The AUC of T2 values, ADC values and their combination in predicting high-grade EA was 0.888, 0.730 and 0.895, respectively. The accuracy of synthetic T2WI+ T2 map and conventional T2WI+ DWI in the diagnosis of deep myometrial invasion was 78.1% and 79.5%, respectively, with no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusions: T2 mapping has great potential in preoperative evaluation of EC. The quantitative T2 value can be used in the diagnosis, pathological classification and grading of EC. The combination of synthetic T2WI and T2 map may be helpful to determine the depth of myometrial invasion.

Relationship between intramuscular fat content in the quadriceps muscle and clinical severity in patients with knee osteoarthritis / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore relationship between intramuscular fat content of quadriceps femoris and clinical severity of knee osteoarthritis (KOA).@*METHODS@#Totally 30 KOA patients were selected from February 2021 to June 2021, including 6 males and 24 females, aged with an average of (64.20±9.19) years old, and body mass index (BMI) was (24.92±3.35) kg·m-2. Patients were divided into relative severe leg (RSL) and relative moderate leg (RML) according to severity of pain on visual analogue scale(VAS). Musculoskeletal ultrasound was used to collect muscle images of quadriceps muscles on both sides of the patient, and Image J was used to analyze echo intensity (EI) of each muscle. Both VAS and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) were used to assess pain and function. Quadriceps muscle EI on both sides of patients was compared. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to analyze correlation between quadriceps muscle EI value between RSL and RML, and linear regression was used to analyze relationship between each muscle EI and VAS and WOMA scores of patients.@*RESULTS@#The EI of RSL lateral vastus lateralis (VL) was 123.78±36.25 and RSL vastus medialis (VM) was 109.46±30.36 which were significantly higher than those of 108.03±31.34 and 93.32±26.04 of RML (P<0.05), but there was no statistical significance in EI values of rectus femoris (RF) on both sides (P>0.05). EI values of VL and VM on both sides were significantly correlated (P<0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between VM EI value and VAS score in RSL and RML (P<0.05). VM EI values in RSL were positively correlated with total WOMAC (P<0.05), and VM VL EI values in RML were positively correlated with total WOMAC score (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Intramuscular fat content of quadriceps is closely related to severity of clinical symptoms in KOA patients, and the most obvious one is VM. Therefore, the intramuscular fat content of quadriceps may be an objective indicator to evaluate severity of KOA patients. At the same time, reducing intramuscular fat content of the quadriceps muscle of KOA patients may be a new direction for the prevention and treatment of KOA.

Study on the diagnostic value of transient elastography, APRI and FIB-4 for liver fibrosis in children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of transient elastography, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), and fibrosis index based on 4 factors (FIB-4) for liver fibrosis in children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 100 cases of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Hunan Children's Hospital between August 2015 to October 2020 to collect liver tissue pathological and clinical data. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was used to analyze the diagnostic value of liver stiffness measurement (LSM), APRI and FIB-4 in the diagnosis of different stages of liver fibrosis caused by NAFLD in children. Results: The area under the ROC curve (AUC) value of LSM, APRI and FIB-4 for diagnosing liver fibrosis (S≥1) were 0.701 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.579 ~ 0.822, P = 0.011], 0.606 (95%CI: 0.436 ~ 0.775, P = 0.182), and 0.568 (95%CI: 0.397 ~ 0.740, P = 0.387), respectively. The best cut-off values were 6.65 kPa, 21.20, and 0.18, respectively. The AUCs value of LSM, APRI, and FIB-4 for diagnosing significant liver fibrosis (S≥ 2) were 0.660 (95% CI: 0.552 ~ 0.768, P = 0.006), 0.578 (95% CI: 0.464 ~ 0.691, P = 0.182) and 0.541 (95% CI: 0.427 ~ 0.655, P = 0.482), respectively. The best cut-off values were 7.35kpa, 24.78 and 0.22, respectively. The AUCs value of LSM, APRI and FIB-4 for the diagnosis of advanced liver fibrosis (S≥ 3) were 0.639 (95% CI: 0.446 ~ 0.832, P = 0.134), 0.613 (95% CI: 0.447 ~ 0.779, P = 0.223) and 0.587 (95% CI: 0.411 ~ 0.764, P = 0.346), respectively. The best cut-off values were 8.55kpa, 26.66 and 0.27, respectively. Conclusion: The transient elastography technique has a better diagnostic value than APRI and FIB-4 for liver fibrosis in children with NAFLD.

Quality evaluation of the disability assessment for dementia scale for the elderly / 四川精神卫生

ObjectiveTo analyze the feasibility， reliability and validity of the disability assessment for dementia scale for the elderly. MethodsA total of 290 dementia patients from 17 survey sites in 13 districts and counties of Chengdu were enrolled by convenient sampling method， and they were assessed using demographic data inventory， Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE）， Neuropsychiatric Inventory （NPI）， Physical Self-Maintenance Scale （PSMS） and disability assessment for dementia scale for the elderly. Cronbach's α coefficient， Spearman-Brown coefficient， Guttman split-half coefficient and test-retest reliability were used to evaluate the internal consistency of above scales. Criterion-related validity of the scale was analyzed based on MMSE， NPI and PSMS. ResultsA total of 276 patients （95.17%） completed valid questionnaires. The intraclass correlation coefficient of the total score and each dimension were between 0.828~0.976， the Spearman-Brown coefficient were between 0.790~0.917， the Guttman split-half coefficient were between 0.812~0.857， and the Cronbach’s α coefficient were between 0.737~0.886. The cognitive function dimension score was positively correlated with the MMSE score （r=0.948， P<0.01）， the mental behavior symptom dimension score was positively correlated with the NPI score （r=0.893， P<0.01）， and the daily living ability dimension score was positively correlated with the PSMS score （r=0.997， P<0.01）. The dimensions scores were positively correlated with the total score of the scale （r=0.634~0.841， P<0.05）. ConclusionDisability of dementia assessment scale has good feasibility， reliability and validity， which is a reliable tool to assess senile dementia and disability.

The Comparison of Iron Deficiency Anemia Rat Treated with Hydroxypropyl Chitosan Ferrous Ion Complex and Ferrous Sulfate / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To observe and compare the therapeutic effects of hydroxypropyl chitosan ferrous ion complex solution and ferrous sulfate solution in iron deficiency anemia rats and their effects on gastric mucosa.@*METHODS@#Seven rats were randomly selected from thirty five SPF grade SD rats as control group, and were fed with normal diet, distilled water (E). The rest of SD rats were fed with low iron feed and distilled water plus continuous tail vein bloodletting to establish the iron deficiency anemia model. After the model was established successfully, the rats were randomly divided into four groups: blank control group (A), iron deficiency anemia control group (B), ferrous sulfate group (C), hydroxypropyl chitosan ferrous ion complex (HPCTS-Fe@*RESULTS@#After modeling, except the normal control group, the hair color of the rats in the four groups showed dark yellow and the belly of the toes became white gradually. HGB, HCT, Ret%, MCV, MCH, MCHC and SF decreased significantly (P < 0.05). After treatment, the rats with dark yellow hair in group C and D were improved, and the toe abdomen turned pink gradually. RBC, HGB, HCT, Ret%, MCV, MCH, MCHC and SF in rats in group C and D increased, which were higher than those in group B (P < 0.05). The HGB of the rats in group D was higher than that of group C in day 28th during treatment and the Ret% was higher than that in group C at day 10th (P<0.05).After treatment, the liver and spleen of the rats in group C and D were lighter than those in group B (P<0.05).The gastric mucosa in group A, B, D and E was not damaged obviously, while it was slightly irritated and damaged in group C.@*CONCLUSION@#Hydroxypropyl chitosan ferrous complex solution can improve the hemoglobin level of SD rats with iron deficiency anemia, which is stronger than ferrous sulfate solution and shows no damage to gastric mucosa.

Association between pulse pressure and new-onset diabetes in hypertensive patients / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To determine the association between pulse pressure and the risk of new-onset diabetes in hypertensive patients. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, hypertensive patients from the Kailuan Study, who were diagnosed in 2006-2007 check-up, were screened for enrollment. Participants who finished the biennial follow-up until December 31, 2017 were finally included in this analysis. The primary outcome was incident diabetes development. The pulse pressure variables were divided into quartiles (Q1-Q4), and the Kaplan-Meier curve was used to examine and estimate the cumulative incidence of new-onset diabetes among quartiles. Cox proportional hazards regression model was performed to explore the association between pulse pressure and the risk of new-onset diabetes in hypertensive patients. Results: During an average follow-up of 8.17 years, 6 617 new-onset diabetes were identified out of the 32 917 hypertensive patients with no history or evidence of diabetes in 2006-2007 check-up. Participants were classified into quartiles according to pulse pressure levels as follows: Q1 group(<41 mmHg (1mmHg=0.133kPa))(n=7 995); Q2 group(41-<51 mmHg) (n=8 196); Q3 group (51-<61 mmHg) (n= 8 270); Q4 group (≥61 mmHg) (n=8 456). The cumulative incidences of new-onset diabetes across the quartiles were 16.94%, 19.61%, 21.07%, and 22.33%, respectively, with the incidence density was 20.27, 23.20, 24.92, and 26.10 per 1 000 person-years, respectively. The cumulative incidence of new-onset diabetes increased in proportion with increasing pulse pressure levels (P<0.01 by the Log-rank test). After multivariate adjustment, compared with the first quartile, the hazard ratios for new-onset diabetes in the third and fourth quartiles were 1.13 (95%CI 1.04-1.22, P<0.01) and 1.14 (95%CI 1.05-1.24, P<0.01), respectively. The risk of new-onset diabetes increased 5%(HR=1.05, 95%CI 1.02-1.08, P<0.01) with the fractional pulse pressure increased per 1 SD (0.13). Findings from the three sensitivity analyses were consistent with the main results in this cohort. Conclusions: Pulse pressure at baseline is positively associated with the incidence of new-onset diabetes among hypertensive individuals, and pulse pressure is an independent risk factor for the development of diabetes in hypertensive patients.

Prediction of perioperative hyperkalemia in dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To explore the influencing factors for serum potassium >4.4 mmol/L in the morning of parathyroidectomy in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). Methods: The clinical data of 72 patients with SHPT who received regular hemodialysis and underwent parathyroidectomy in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from January 2012 to December 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 37 males and 35 females, aged from 25 to 69 years, and the dialysis timespan was from 0.5 to 11 years. The levels of parathyroid hormone, serum potassium and serum calcium before hemodialysis were examined one day before operation, and hemodialysis time and dewatering volume after hemodialysis without heparin were recorded, and also the level of serum potassium in the morning of parathyroidectomy was detected. The occurrences of hyperkalemia during and after operation were studied. The factors related to hyperkalemia in the morning of parathyroidectomy were evaluated by Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis, and the cut-off values of risk factors were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Serum potassium >4.4 mmol/L in the morning of parathyroidectomy existed in 23 of 72 patients. Correlation analysis showed that serum potassium one day before operation ((4.93±0.56)mmol/L, r=0.656, P<0.001) and dehydration volume ((2.37±0.75)L, r=0.261, P=0.027) were positively correlated with serum potassium in the morning of parathyroidectomy((4.16±0.54)mmol/L). Serum potassium before hemodialysis one day before operation was a main predictor for serum potassium in the morning of parathyroidectomy (AUC=0.791, P<0.001). The cut-off value of serum potassium before hemodialysis one day before operation was 5.0 mmol/L. Conclusion: Serum potassium before hemodialysis one day before operation in patients with SHPT can predict serum potassium in the morning of parathyroidectomy, offering imformation for the safety of operation.

Influence of Nrf2/HO-l/GPX4 signaling pathway on high glucose-induced podocyte ferroptosis and intervention of berberine / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the regulatory mechanism of berberine in the high glucose (HG) -induced podocyte ferroptosis. Methods Western blot and R T - qPCR were used to detect the changes of G P X 4, PTGS2, ACSL4, podocin, and desmin at different time (0 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 36 h) of HG stimulation, and the relative expression of Nrf2, HO-1, GPX4 and podocin under HG after treated with berberine. The proliferation of podocytes stimulated by HG at different time points was observed by EdU staining. The therapeutic effect of berberine on podocyte damage was screened by CCK-8, and the effect of berberine on the level of oxidative stress in HG-induced podocytes were measured by fluorescence inverted microscope, GSH and GSSG kits. In addition, transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe the ultrastructural characteristics of podocytes in each group. Results The expression of podocin and GPX4 was significantly reduced at 24 h, and the mRNA levels of ACSL4 and PTGS2 were significantly up-regulated. Berberine could notably increase the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, GPX4 and podocin, and reduce the levels of PTGS2 and ACSL4. Moreover, berberine significantly improved the levels of ROS and GSH in podocytes under HG conditions, thereby alleviating membrane blistering, mitochondrial shrinkage and other morphological changes of HG-induced podocytes. Conclusions In this study, the number of podocytes decreases, which is a death mode different from autophagy and apoptosis, that is, ferroptosis. Berberine can alleviate the occurrence of this phenomenon by mediating the Nrf2/ H0-1/GPX4.

Reliability and Validity of Foot Position Index for Foot Posture Assessment / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To explore the reliability and validity of Foot Posture Index (FPI) scoring system in evaluating foot posture in China. Methods:From September to October, 2019, two testers (tester 1, tester 2) evaluated the foot posture of 15 adult volunteers (30 legs) aged 20 to 40 years after mastering the FPI-6 scoring system. They were tested first by two testers on the same day, and after two weeks, they were retested by tester 1. The intra-group correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to evaluate the test-retest reliability and the inter-tester reliability, and the MedCalc was used to perform the Bland-Altman plot. The correlation between the scores of items and scale was analyzed with Spearman analysis, and the items were analyzed with factor analysis. Results:The ICC of the test-retest and inter-tester reliability of each item and total score of FPI were higher than 0.75. The mean difference in FPI scores between the testers was -0.133 and the limits of agreement was (-1.82, 1.55). All items scores were correlated with the total score (P < 0.05); three factors were extracted with the cumulative contribution more than 80%. Conclusion:The FPI-6 scoring system is reliable and valid, to evaluate foot posture for Chinese.

Prevention effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for chemotherapy-related myelosuppression in non-small cell lung cancer / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the prevention effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) for chemotherapy-related myelosuppression in non-small cell lung cancer.@*METHODS@#A total of 102 patients with non-small cell lung cancer who received initial chemotherapy were randomly divided into a conventional group, a medication group and a TEAS group, 34 cases in each one. The conventional group was treated with chemotherapy of gemcitabine combined with cisplatin and given routine care. On the basis of conventional group's treatment, the medication group was given tablets before chemotherapy, 2-3 tablets each time, 3 times a day. In the TEAS group, on the basis of conventional group's treatment, TEAS was applied at Dazhui (GV 14), Geshu (BL 17), Hegu (LI 4), Zusanli (ST 36) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) on day 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 14, 21 and 28 of chemotherapy. The treatment was given 30 min each time and once a day. In the three groups, the treatment for 28 days was as one course and one course of treatment was required. The changes of leukocytes, platelets, erythrocyte, hemoglobin indexes in patients of the three groups were observed one day before chemotherapy and on day 5, 8, 11, 14, 21 and 28 of chemotherapy. The comfort situation of patients was observed one day before chemotherapy and on the 5th, 11th and 21st day of chemotherapy.@*RESULTS@#Compared with before chemotherapy, the leukocyte counts of three groups were decreased at various time points after chemotherapy (<0.05). Compared with the conventional group, the leukocyte counts were higher on day 8 and 14 in the TEAS group and on day 14 in the medication group (<0.05). Compared with before chemotherapy, the platelet count decreased on the day 5, 8, 11 and 14 of chemotherapy in the conventional group (<0.05), and the platelet counts all decreased at each time point after chemotherapy in the medication group (<0.05). The platelet counts of the TEAS group on day 5, 8, 11 and 14 of chemotherapy were higher than those of the conventional group (<0.05), and the platelet counts of the TEAS group on day 5, 8, 11 and 21 of chemotherapy were higher than those of the medication group (<0.05). Compared with the conventional group, the comfort situation scores of the TEAS group were higher on the 5th and 11th days of chemotherapy (<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation can prevent chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression (leukocyte, platelets) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and improve patient comfort situation.

Comparative study of different clinical approaches for gluteal muscle syndrome with silver needle / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical efficacy of silver needle lumbar and sacral spine approach in treating gluteal muscle syndrome.@*METHODS@#Eighty-seven patients with gluteal muscle syndrome treated with silver needles in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of our hospital from September 2017 to September 2019 were selected. Except for symptoms of waist and hip pain and discomfort, all selected patients were examined by CT or MRI to confirm pathological imaging changes such as inflammatory exudation of the gluteal muscle. The 87 patients with gluteal muscle syndrome were divided into 2 groups according to the digital table method, and 42 patients in the lumbosacral approach group, including 19 males and 23 females, aged (50.70±12.45) years old, and disease duration of (1.63±1.27) years;45 cases in the buttock approach group, including 20 males and 25 females, aged (52.80±12.18) years old, with a course of disease of (1.78±1.22) years. The lumbosacral approach group was treated with spinal L to S bilateral articular process joints and L transverse process acupuncture needles, and the buttock approach group was treated with the gluteus medulla wing starting point and femoral trochanter stop. The VAS scores, soft tissue tenderness thresholds, and hip abductor muscle strength of the affected group were measured before and 4 weeks after treatment in the two groups. The clinical efficacy was also evaluated 4 weeks after treatment.@*RESULTS@#After 4 weeks, the VAS score of the lumbosacral approach group was 1.26±0.70, and the buttock approach group was 1.18±0.74, which were significantly lower than those before treatment, but there was no statistical difference between the groups (>0.05). The soft tissue tenderness threshold and ipsilateral hip abductor muscle strength were (5.51±0.70) kg and (10.34±2.19) kg in the lumbosacral approach group, and (4.78±1.05) kg, (9.33±1.42) kg in the buttock approach group. The results in the lumbosacral approach group was better than those in the buttock approach group(<0.05). The clinical efficacy of the lumbosacral approach group:16 cases got an excellent result, 20 good, 5 fair and 1 poor;in the buttock approach group, 13 excellent, 17 good, 12 fair and 3 poor. The clinical efficacy between the two groups had statistical difference (<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#In the treatment of gluteus medius syndrome with silver needle, lumbosacral approach and buttock approach can effectively relieve the pain. Compared with the improvement of soft tissue tenderness threshold and hip abductor muscle strength, the upper lumbosacral approach is more prominent, and the overall clinical effect is more significant.

Covered Stenting Is an Effective Option for Traumatic Carotid Pseudoaneurysm with Promising Long-Term Outcome

Objective@#: Covered stenting is an optional strategy for traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm, especially in malignant conditions of potential rupture, but the long-term outcomes are not clear. Our aim was to determine if covered stenting is an effective option for traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm with promising long-term outcomes. @*Methods@#: Self-expanding Viabahn and balloon-expandable Willis covered stents were separately implanted for extra- and intracranial traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm. The covered stent was placed across the distal and proximal pseudoaneurysm leakage under roadmap guidance. Procedural success was defined as technical success (complete exclusion of the pseudoaneurysm and patency of the parent artery) without a primary end point (any stroke or death within 30 days after the procedure). Longterm outcomes were evaluated as ischemic stroke in the territory of the qualifying artery by clinical follow-up through outpatient or telephone consultation and as the exclusion of the pseudoaneurysm and patency of the parent artery by imaging follow-up through angiography. @*Results@#: Five patients with traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm who underwent covered stenting were enrolled. The procedural success rate was 100%. No ischemic stroke in the territory of the qualifying artery was recorded in any of the five patients during a mean clinical follow-up of 44±16 months. Complete exclusion of the pseudoaneurysm and patency of the parent artery were maintained in all five patients during a mean imaging follow-up of 39±16 months. @*Conclusion@#: Satisfactory procedural and long-term outcomes were obtained, suggesting that covered stenting is an effective option for traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm.

Establishment of a predictive model for short-term efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma and its clinical application

Objective: This study aimed to establish a predictive model for the presence of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer classification stage B or stage C4 (BCLC B/C) and further verify its accuracy, enabling clinicians to accurately predict the efficacy of TACE and propose individualized therapy to further optimize multidisciplinary team plans. Materials and Methods: A retrospective database review was performed, including 191 patients (39 females and 152 males; aged 50–76 years with a mean age of 55 ± 10 years) who received three consecutive TACE sessions for treating HCC (BCLC B/C) in 1 month apart, for a total of 3 months. After three TACE treatments, a total of 95 patients among the 191 patients showed TACE resistance, 112 cases were randomly selected to build the modeling group, and the remaining 79 cases formed a verification group. Some prognostic risk factors were obtained through clinical observation. Then, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the logistic proportional hazard regression model. Based on multivariate analysis results, a risk-index model was established and its effects on predicting the incidence of TACE resistance of those patients were evaluated. Results: Based on the results of the multivariate analysis, to show that were four-independent factors affecting a prognosis of patients with TACE resistance after three consecutive TACE treatment in 3 months, which were red blood cell (RBC), neutrophil count (NC), model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), and Apoprotein A1. The risk index model established according to the above factors was expressed as a predictive indice (PI), and PI = −3.79 + 4.916 × RBC − 1.547 × NC − 4.142 × MELD + 10.789 × ApoA1. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) of PI of the modeling group was 0.986, which was significantly higher than that of each component index in the equation. The specificity of the modeling group was 86.3%, and the sensitivity was 70.4%, and 43 of 61 patients with PI ≤ 5.36 (70.5%) had a good outcome 3 months after consecutive TACE. From of the PI, among 51 patients with TACE resistance after consecutive TACE, 32 (62.7%) had a PI > 5.36, and only 19 patients were misidentified as having TACE resistance because of their PI > 5.36. The accuracy was 82.1%. The specificity of the validation group was 85.9%, and the sensitivity was 77.9%. The disease was under control in 29 of the 35 patients with PI ≤ 5.36 (82.9%) after consecutive TACE. According to PI, among the 44 patients with TACE resistence after consecutive TACE, 38 (86.4%) had PI > 5.36, and only 6 patients were misidentified as TACE resistance due to their PI > 5.36, with an accuracy of 87.3%, respectively. Conclusions: According to the PI of this study, we investigated the risk factors and protective factors to estimate the presence of TACE resistance after three consecutive TACE treatment, so as it could help doctors to evaluate the patientet condition and choose more reasonable treatment methods.

Forensic Analysis of 8 Cases on Assessing Traffic Accident Disability Grade of Kümmell's Disease / 法医学杂志

Objective To provide a reference for the assessment of the disability grade of Kümmell's disease cases, through the analysis of the basic situation, the disability grade and the causality of Kümmell's disease cases. Methods Data of appraised individuals in 8 cases of Kümmell's disease from traffic accident spinal injury cases accepted by the Institute from 2015 to 2017 were collected, and the basic situation, vertebral fracture sites and disability grades of the appraised individuals were analyzed. Results Among 8 cases of appraised individuals, there were 2 males and 6 females, the oldest 75 years and the youngest 50 years, with an average age of 62.5 years, all of whom suffered from single vertebral fracture. Among them, 1 patient had thoracic 11 vertebra fracture, 3 thoracic 12 vertebra fracture, 2 lumbar 1 vertebra fracture, 1 lumbar 2 vertebra fracture, and 1 lumbar 4 vertebra fracture, all of whom were assessed as grade 10 disability. Conclusion In the assessment of disability grade of vertebral fracture, dynamic observation of the vertebral fracture and its recovery should be made based on imaging data. If it is suspected that there is Kümmell's disease, it should be differentiated from other diseases. Also, the disability grade will be assessed according to the corresponding standards when the morphology of the injured vertebral body is relatively stable.

Vertebral Artery Dissection Probably Caused by Massage: A Case Report / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

MASSAGE has been recommended to more people as an adjunct to health care. We illustrate a case of vertebral artery dissection (VAD) probably caused by massage that almost resulted in the patient's death. The patient experienced sudden cardiac arrest and paralysis. After treatment with anticoagulation and antiplatelet, he finally discharged without any sequelae.