Analysis of mental state in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To identify the mental state of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) patients by analyzing anxiety scale and depression scale. METHODS The LPRD patients who received treatment in Fuzhou General Hospital were studied. The healthy volunteers were recruited as control group. Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to get the individual scores. Mental states of LPRD patients were finally studied through statistical analysis. RESULTS The scores of anxiety and depression in patients with LPRD were significantly higher than those in control group (anxiety score 50.59±7.24 vs 38.76±7.70, depression score 52.90±7.14 vs 40.63±8.17). The incidence of anxiety and depression in patients with LPRD were significantly higher than that in control group (anxiety rate 56.68％ vs 9.80％, depression rate 50.98％ vs 11.76％). Significant association was detected between ref lux symptom index score and anxiety or depression score in patients with LPRD(r =0.786, r =0.736, P ＜0.05). Significant association between LPRD and anxiety and depression were concluded. CONCLUSION The results showed that the patients with LPRD are more prone to be anxiety and depression mental state than healthy control group, and the severity of LPRD symptoms is significantly correlated with the anxiety and depression. This suggests that the patient's mental state should also be emphasized as well as antacids treatment.

Study on miR-650 for promoting proliferation of osteosarcoma cells via targeting ING4 / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the expression of miR-650 in osteosarcoma tissue and cell lines and its action mechanism in the osteosarcoma formation.Methods The realtime fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect and compare the expres-sions of miR-650 between osteosarcoma tissue and normal tissue or between osteosarcoma cell lines(MG63)and normal human os-teoblast cell lines(hFOB1.19);the MTT experiment was used to investigate the proliferation situation in different groups;Western blot was used to detect the ING4 protein expression.Results The expression of miR-650 in osteosarcoma tissue and MG63 cells was higher than that in normal tissue and human osteoblast cell;after inhibiting miR-650 expression,the proliferation ability of MG63 was significantly decreased.Moreover the expression of inhibitor of growth 4(ING4)was significantly increased when miR-650 was reduced,ING4 mRNA of negative control group,scramble group and miRNA group were 1.00 ± 0.16,1.08 ± 0.14 and 5.35 ± 0.32 respectively;the ING4 protein expressions were 0.62 ± 0.06,0.59 ± 0.12 and 2.45 ± 0.20 respectively;compared with negative control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);but after suppressing this elevation,the proliferation a-bility of MG63 cells had a certain recovery.Conclusion MiR-650 promotes MG63 proliferation via reducing ING4 expression,which suggests that miR-650 could be a new target of treating osteosarcoma.

Analysis the risk factors and the prevalence of Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease in Fuzhou area / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and analyze the influence factors of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease(LPRD) in the Fuzhou region, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development of prevention and control measures for LPRD. METHODS A questionnaire survey in residents in Fuzhou by a random cluster sampling was carried out. Individual information, reflux symptom index(RSI) of Belafsky and risk factors were included. Patients more than 13 scores of RSI were defined as LPRD. Data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS A total of 4100 residents were investigated, 4063 of them were available. The prevalence of LPRD was 5.00%. Often eating too much, often drinking strong tea, menolipsis, rhinitis, tonsillitis were closely related to LPRD. CONCLUSION The prevalence of LPRD in Fuzhou region were closely related to many factors.

Research on the relationship between mucoepidermoid carcinoma and human papillomavirus infection / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To find out the relationship between mucoepidermoid carcinoma and Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.METHODS Nested polymerase chain reaction (Nested PCR) was adapted to detect HPV DNA from 51 tissues of mucoepidermoid carcinoma using consensus primers, 9 tissues of chronic parotitis were as control.RESULTS HPV DNA was detected in 37 of total 51 mucoepidermoid carcinoma tissues, the detection rate was up to 72.5%, comparatively, it was 22.2% (2 of 9) in chronic parotitis tissues. The HPV DNA detection rate of mucoepidermoid carcinoma tissues was statistically higher than that of chronic parotitis tissues (χ2=8.517, P=0.004).CONCLUSION The results suggested that the HPV infection may cause mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

Ectopic internal carotid artery of the oropharynx: two cases report / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Ectopic internal carotid artery (ICA) is a very rare congenital variation. Unless the diagnosis is made before neck or tonsil surgery, massive hemorrhage and even death may result from injury to the vessel. Therefore, knowledge of the presence of ectopic ICAs may be important. We report two cases suffering from dysphagia associated with ectopic ICA manifesting itself as a pulsative protruding of the right lateral wall of the oropharynx.

fMRI Study of Speech Processing in Presbycusis Patients / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To study the brain functional activation under speech stimulation in presbycusis pa‐tients using blood oxygenation level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD - fMRI) .Methods Eighteen normal hearing young volunteers ,10 normal hearing elderly people and 10 presbycusis patients received fM ‐RI under auditory task .Experimental tasks included monosyllabic verbal stimulating at tone of 1 kHz and sound in‐tensity to 90 dB ± 3 dB(after ambient noise detector Smart Sensor AR844 measurement and calibration) randomly transmitted to left and right ear .Following block design ,each stimulus was repeated twice .The lateralization of brain activation analysis observed changes in hemispheric dominance cases (or ear advantage change) .We observed brain activation analysis and changes of hemispheric lateralization advantage (or ear advantages) .SPM5 software was used to deal with the original pictures in the off - line work station to get fictional maps ,volume and intensity of the acti‐vated brain regions of interest ,and calculate the laterality index (LI) .Results To young people ,regardless of left or right ear stimulation ,the contralateral (region of intrest ,ROI) activation volume and intensity significantly increased compared to ipsilateral ,appearing contralateral hemispheric dominance ,and laterality index were - 0 .58 (left ear stimulation) and 0 .37 (right ear stimulation) .Compared to young people ,elderly people with normal hearing and presbycusis contralateral hemisphere conduction advantage was significantly reduced under monaural stimulation ,and the laterality indexes were - 0 .24 ,0 .28 (the aged group) ,- 0 .18 ,0 .25 (presbycusis group) .Young people received the left and the right ear auditory task respectively ,and the ratio of the total volume of bilateral ROI activation was 1 :2 .06 ,appearing to the right ear advantage (left brain dominance) .While the aged and presbycusis group manifes‐ted as right ear advantage decreased (left ear advantage enhanced) ,whose the total volume ratio was 1 :1 .51 for the old normal subjects and 1 :1 .61 for the hearing impaired seniors .Conclusion Auditory verbal tasks activated brain regions in the superior temporal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus were most obvious .Aging may cause these brain regions to be activated weaker ,appearing to the trend of contralateral hemisphere .The aging and deafness lead to the cortical reorganization .This may be one of the reasons for the declined speech recognition .

Clinical Efficacy of Triple Therapy Based on Ipratropium Bromide Inhalation in the Treatment of AECO-PD / 中国药师

Objective:To investigate the clinical effects and safety of triple therapy based on ipratropium bromide inhalation in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases ( AECOPD) . Methods:Totally 150 patients with acute exac-erbation of AECOPD were randomly divided into control group (75 patients) treated with budesonide combined with salbutamol by in-halation, and treatment group (75 patients) treated with ipratropium bromide inhalation additionally. The clinical effects, dyspnea score, pulmonary function index and blood gas analysis index before and after the treatment and the incidence of adverse reactions of the two groups were compared. Results:The clinical effects of the treatment group was significantly better than that of the control group (P0. 05). Conclusion:Triple therapy including ipratropium bromide inhalation in the treatment of acute exacerbation of AECOPD can ef-fectively alleviate clinical symptoms and signs and improve the lung ventilation function without increased risk of adverse reactions.

The Factors Affecting the Effects of Hearing Aids on Presbycusis Patients / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To analyze the factors affecting the effects of hearing aids in presbycusis patients . Methods One hundred and twenty cases with presbycusis were investigated by using general data and the Satisfac-tion with Amplification in Daily Life questionnaire(SADL) .The individual scores and total scores of all the subjects were collected together with the personal information ,including age ,gender ,degree of education ,pure-tone aver-age ,hearing aid type ,monaural/binaural status ,total hearing aid experience ,daily use time ,the time of perceived hearing difficulty .A single factor analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis were used to filter out main fac-tors influencing the effect of hearing aids .Results The degree of education ,hearing aid type ,monaural/binaural status ,daily use time ,the time of perceived hearing difficulty were factors influencing the effect of hearing aids . The patients with higher level of education ,the longer daily use ,binaural status obtained more scores than those of the low degree of education ,the shorter daily use ,and monaural status( P< 0 .01) .The older people felt better than the youngers(P<0 .01) .The patients with long -time perceived hearing difficulty got more scores than those with short -time perceived hearing difficulty (P<0 .01) .In general ,the degree of education ,and the daily use time were the main factors influencing the effects of hearing aids .Conclusion There are many factors that influence the effects of hearing aids ,in which the degree of education ,daily use time are the main factors ,and the combination of the two factors obtain the effects of hearing aid maximization ,and the binaural status ,the short time of perceived hearing difficulty and the older obtain better satisfaction .The gender doesn't significantly influence the effects of the hearing aids .

The correlation of human papillomavirus and EB virus infection in nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Fujian / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the prevalence of human papillomavirus in nasopharyngeal carcinomas of Fujian province in China.@*METHOD@#Samples from 70 patients with NPC and 25 controls. All samples were detected HPV DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) suing GP5+/6+ and MY09/11 primers and genotyped by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and HPV 16/18 E6 and LMP-1 using immunohistochemistry and EBER using in situ hybridization.@*RESULT@#Only 2 cases of 70 patients were showed evidence of HPV DNA by PCR, the 2 HPV positive cases subtype HPV-70 and HPV-18 were genotyped by SPR, both the 2 HPV positive cases are non-keratinizing carcinomas (the HPV-70 positive one is differentiated and the HPV-18 positive one is undifferentiated), both the 2 HPV positive cases do not show any evidence of EBV. Data showed that 57 of 70 NPC detected EBER positive, but only 25 out of 70 NPC samples were detected LMP-1 positive.@*CONCLUSION@#Our study showed a low prevalence of human papillomavirus in NPC patients of Fujian province in Southern China, there is no evidence about HPV and EBV co-infection.

Risk factors analysis of local failure following radiotherapy and chemotherapy to nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyse the risk factors involved in local failure following radiotherapy and chemotherapy to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.@*METHOD@#A retrospective analysis was carried out to review the histopathological data from 308 NPC patients who recieved medical treatment between 2004 and 2006. The incidence and the risk factor for local treatment failure were evaluated in a model that included the following factors: sex, age, T and N staging, histological grade of primary tumor, presence of cervical lymph node metastasis, size and laterals of positive neck nodes, levels involved, ways of radiation and condition of concurrent chemotherapy. Univariate chi2 test and multivariate stepwise logistic regression model were used for the analysis. Statistical analysis of survival of patients with local residues and recurrence was performed using Kaplan-Meier method.@*RESULT@#Ninty-three cases (30.2%) presented local residues and recurrence in 308 patients of nasopharyngeal carcinomas. In the univariate analysis, it was confirmed that the following variables correlated to local failure, i. e., T staging (P < 0.01), N staging (P < 0.01), presence of cervical lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05), size and laterals of positive neck nodes (P < 0.05, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, the most ignificant risk factors for local failure were the T staging only. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that overall survival rates of 71 NPC patients with local residues and recurrence who received re-treatment were 77.2% at 1 year, 40.4% at 3 years, 22.4% at 5 years, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#T staging is the key risk factors in determining the development of local failure following radiotherapy or chemotherapy in NPC patients. Patients with primary tumor infiltrating bone have the higher risk of developing local residues and recurrence. Retreatment to the patients suffering from local failure can imrove survival rates.

Clinical study on the left ventricular function in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the left ventricular overall systolic and diastolic function in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients with echocardiography.Methods 30 normal people and 30 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients were examined by routine echocardiography and examine the results of LVDd,IVSd,LVPW,LVFE and E/A.Results The results of IVSd [(16.47 ± 2.08) cm],LVPW [(10.28 ± 0.56) cm] and LVEF [(62.18 ±6.74) ％] in HCM patients were superior than control group [(9.56 ± 0.45) cm,(9.30 ± 0.98) cm,(57.66 ±5.22) ％] (t =-17.809,-4.756,-2.91,all P ＜ 0.05) while the results of LVDd [(40.28 ± 3.80) cm] and E/A[(0.99 ±0.17)] of HCM patients were obviously lower than control group [(45.15 ±3.84) cm,(1.10 ±0.24)](t =4.899,2.132,all P ＜ 0.05) and LVEF was obviously larger than control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Echocardiography can exactly evaluate left ventricular overall systolic and diastolic function in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients and guide the diagnosis and treatment.

Denervation change of tensor veli palati in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the denervation change of Tensor Veli Palati in patients with OSAHS by determine the mRNA and protein expression of NCAM.@*METHOD@#The OSAHS group was consisted of 30 OSAHS patients and the normal control group was consisted of 10 chronic tonsillitis patients without OSAHS. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot methods were used to determine the NCAM expression in specimens.@*RESULT@#(1) The mRNA and protein expression level of NCAM in the OSAHS group increased significantly compared with that in control group (P < 0.05). (2) There was positive correlation between AHI and the protein expression level of NCAM in the OSAHS group (r = 0.803, P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#These results indicate that the denervation change of tensor veli palati appear in OSAHS patients, and the severity of OSAHS are relevant with the degree of denervation.

The effects of Kidney-deficiency on auditory cortex metabolism in the elderly: a 1H-MRS study / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of kidney-deficiency on auditory cortex metabolism in the elderly by using the proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1H-MRS).Methods 50 volunteers,including 20 young subjects and 30 older subjects matched for gender,were measured by pure tone audiometry、“kidney-deficiency”-related test and were executed 3.0 T multi-voxel 1H-MRS tests,The ratios of N-acetylaspartate (NAA),choline (Cho) and lactate (Lac) to creatine (Cr) were measured and were compared between the two groups.The t-test analysis were used for statistic process.The relationship between auditory cortex metabolism and the symptom of kidney-deficiency was also analyzed.Resnlts The result of kidney-deficiency-related test and pure tone audiometry revealed that there was significant difference between the two groups and the older subjects had the more severity kidney-deficiency and high-frequency hearing loss (t=6.335、19.558,P＜0.05).The NAA/Cho ratio in the auditory cortex in the older group was significantly lower than that in the younger group (t=2.90,P＜0.05).There were no significant differences between two groups for the ratios of NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr (t=1.415、0.927,P＞0.05).Decrease of the ratio of NAA/Cho in the older group is significantly related with kidneT-deficiency(r=- 0.773,P=0.025).Conclusion kidney-deficiency play a very important role in the hearing loss and reduction of the number of neurons in auditory cortex of older healthy subjects.It suggests one possible underlying mechanism for the speech perception difficulties exhibited by aging adults.

Advance in preparation of magnetic nanowires and its application in biosensors / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Magnetic nanowires not only have nanometer properties, but also have magnetic property of giant magnetoresistance. Recently, nanowires were applied widely in high density hard disk slider, super magnetic storage element, micro-sensors, micro-engine, biomedical engineering, etc. This artical reviews the current preparation method of nanowires, the template synthesis, including several general templates such as track-etched porous polycarbonate membrane, porous anodic aluminum oxide membrane and carbon nanotubes, as well asgrowth patterns of nanowires in the templates. The applications of nanowires in several biosensors are introduced.The applications will greatly improve current ways of sensor detection, which will open up new areas of the field of biosensor study.

The hemispheric lateralization of the auditory cortex after being stimulated by pure tone: a 1H-MRS study / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the asymmetry of metabolic products of the auditory cortex in normal human brain after being stimulated by the pure tone with the proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1 H-MRS). Methods Twelve healthy volunteers, including 7 males and 5 females, were performed MRS tests before and after the stimulation of the pure tone of 90 dB in intensity and 1000 Hz in frequency. The the metabolites peak of the N-acetylaspartate (NAA) ,creatine(Cr) ,choline( Cho) , glutamine/glutamate ( Glx) and GABA in auditory cortex were investigated, The content of metabolic products were conducted with half-quantitative analysis. The differences of the NAA/( Cho + Cr) ,Glx/Cr and GABA/ Cr ratios before and after pure tone stimulation in the bilateral auditory cortex were analyzed. The difference of distribution of the metabolic products between the left and right auditory cortex was also analyzed to explore the asymmetry of the auditory cortex. Results The NAA/( Cho + Cr) and GABA/Cr ratios increased,the Glx/Cr ratio decreased in the left auditory cortex after being stimulated by the pure tone. There were significant differences in the NAA/( Cho + Cr) , Glx/Cr and GABA/Cr ratios before and after pure tone stimulation (P0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the Glx/Cr ratio of the auditory cortex between two sides after being stimulated by the pure tone. Conclusion The metabolic lateralization exists in auditory cortex of normal human brain after being stimulated by the pure tone, which may be the bases of the functional asymmetry.

Research on apoptosis changes of tensor veli palatini in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore apoptosis changes of dilator muscles in the upper airway by detecting the expression of Bax, Bcl-2 in tensor veli palatini in patients with OSAHS.@*METHOD@#The expression of Bax and Bcl-2 were detected in tensor veli palatini in 30 cases with OSAHS and 10 cases chronic tonsillitis without OSAHS by immunohistochemistry and image analytical system, and the results were analyzed.@*RESULT@#(1) The expression levels of Bax in the OSAHS group increased significantly compared to control group (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences of Bcl-2 expression between two groups, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 increased significantly (P < 0.05). (2) There were positive correlations between AHI and the expression levels of Bax (r = 0.697, P < 0.01) respectively in the test group.@*CONCLUSION@#The results indicate that apoptosis occurred in tensor veli palatini in patients with OS AHS, and the more severity of OSAHS, the more apoptosis.

HIF-1alpha and CA IX expression in nasal polyps and study on their correlation / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the expression and relationship between hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) and carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) in nasal polyps, and to explore the role of HIF-1alpha and CA IX in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps.@*METHOD@#Twenty-eight tissues of nasal polyps and 12 tissues of normal inferior turbinate mucosa were collected in this study. And Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the expression of HIF-1alpha and CA IX in the two groups.@*RESULT@#The numbers and intensity of positive stained cells of HIF-1alpha and CA IX were higher in nasal polyps. IOD of HIF-1alphaa and CA IX (10(3)/HP) in the nasal polyps were respectively 21.76 +/- 3.52, 26.87 +/- 4.60 compared with 3.37 +/- 1.65, 3.25 +/- l.20 in the control group by image analysis. There were significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). Spearman correlation test showed that there was a close correlation between the HIF-1alpha and CA IX expression in nasal polyps (r = 0.820, P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#The results showed that HIF-1alpha and CA IX were over expressed in nasal polyps, and there was a close correlation between them. Hypoxia was found in nasal polyps and it could become more severe under infection, inflammation and energy metabolic disorder which consumed a great deal of oxygen. HIF-1alpha was over expressed in nasal polyps, which activate and promote the expression for CA IX, in order to keep the normal pH of cells for adapting the hypoxic microenvironment and sustain persistent growth and hyperblastosis of cells in the hypoxic areas. At last the internal circle was forming, which accelerate the formation of nasal polyps.

Research on apoptosis changes of tensor veli palatini in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To explore apoptosis changes of dilator muscles in the upper airway by detecting the expression of Bax, Bcl-2 in tensor veli palatini in patients with OSAHS.Method:The expression of Bax and Bcl-2 were detected in tensor veli palatini in 30 cases with OSAHS and 10 cases chronic tonsillitis without OSAHS by immunohistochemistry and image analytical system, and the results were analyzed.Result:①The expression levels of Bax in the OSAHS group increased significantly compared to control group(P<0.05), but there were no significant differences of Bcl-2 expression between two groups, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 increased significantly(P<0.05). ②There were positive correlations between AHI and the expression levels of Bax(r=0.697,P<0.01) respectively in the test group.Conclusion:The results indicate that apoptosis occurred in tensor veli palatini in patients with OSAHS, and the more severity of OSAHS , the more apoptosis.

BOLD-fMRI Study of Auditory Cortex in Patients with Sensorineural Hearing Loss / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective BOLD-fMRI was used to observe the activated auditory cortex evoked by pure tone stimuli in patients with sensorineural hearing loss and this paper is to discuss the objective measure for patient with sensorineural hearing toss. Methods BOLD-fMRI examinations were taken in 22 patients with unilateral moderate to severe sensorneural hearing loss and 15 control subjects. The volumes and intensities of the two hemispheres of the activated auditory cortex were analyzed quantitatively. Results Significant activation was found in the temporal lobe in control subjects, and significant differences in the volume and intensity were noted between the contralateral and ipsilateral activated auditory cortexes in them (P<0.01), exhibiting clearly eontralateral predominance. When the normal ear of patients with sensorineural hearing loss received signals, there was no significant difference be-tween contralateral and ipsilateral activated auditory cortexes (P>0.05). Conclusion When the normal ear of pa-tients with sensorneural hearing loss was stimulated by pure tone, the contralateral hemisphere predominance disap-peared. This result seems to show the plasticity of auditory cortex of patients with unilateral hearing loss.

Effects of intranasal budesonide on the expression of c-fos and c-myc in nasal polyps / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of intranasal glucocorticoids treatment on the expression of c-fos and c-myc nasal polyps.@*METHOD@#Immunohistochemistry method was used to determine c-fos and c-myc expression in nasal polyps from patients with topical steroids treatment for 10-12 weeks and untreated patients.@*RESULT@#The rate of c-fos expressing cases was 15% and the rate of c-myc expressing cases was 20% in nasal polyps from topical steroid treated patients, but in untreated patients, the rate of c-fos expressing cases was 80% and the rate of c-myc expressing cases was 85%. There were significant differences between two groups (P < 0.01). The c-fos and c-myc expression was remarkably downregulated in nasal polyps from topical steroid treated patients compared to untreated patients.@*CONCLUSION@#The results show that glucocorticoids may induce cell apoptosis in nasal polyps by depressing the c-fos and c-myc expression.