Conical beam CT measurement of alveolar bone structure remodeling in patients with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion after orthodontic-orthognathic treatment / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Most of the studies on combined orthodontic-orthognathic treatment of skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusions have focused on the improvement of the patient's lateral appearance and recovery in the later stages of the treatment,while there are fewer studies observing the microcosmic nature of the alveolar bone remodeling of the lower anterior teeth. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of lower anterior tooth decompensation and alveolar bone remodeling in patients with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion before and after orthodontic-orthognathic treatment based on oral X-ray lateral films and oral cone-beam CT. METHODS:From January 2015 to May 2023,15 patients with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion who underwent orthodontic-orthognathic surgery at Qingdao Hospital of Rehabilitation University were enrolled.All patients underwent lateral cephalography and cone beam computed tomography before and after treatment.Cephalometric measurement items related to the angle and line distance,lip/lingual bone cracking length(d-La/d-Li)and bone cracking/bone fenestration of the lower anterior teeth before and after treatment were measured. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Lateral X-ray films showed that the amount of alveolar bone remodeling after decompensation of the lower anterior teeth showed significant changes compared to before treatment.The root of the tooth moved significantly towards the center of the alveolar bone,and the specific data was closer to normal data,but there were still some differences compared with normal individuals.Based on the cone-beam CT measurement,the bone cracking/bone fenestration length and width of the alveolar bone were improved in almost all the teeth after orthodontic-orthognathic combined treatment,alveolar bone remodeling in some teeth even reached the level of healthy individuals.Before treatment,most patients often experienced bone fenestration/cracking on the lip/lingual side of the lower incisor due to compensatory tooth growth.However,during the preoperative orthodontic stage,decompensation triggered alveolar bone remodeling and significant changes in tooth angle.Preoperative orthodontic treatment caused the upper anterior teeth to retract and the lower anterior teeth to tilt and control the root,but the amount of decompensation before surgery was often insufficient.In the orthognathic surgery stage,the jaw was removed through the positioning guide plate,the maxilla moved forward,and the mandible retreated.During the postoperative orthodontic process,the effect of fine adjustment was better.Although there is a certain degree of recurrence trend in the position of teeth and jawbones,the postoperative orthodontic treatment is closer to the normal value.

Effects of Shiquan Dabu Decoction on cognitive impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease through regulation of synaptic function / 中成药

AIM To explore the effects of Shiquan Dabu Decoction on the synaptic function and cognitive impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease(AD).METHODS Sixty mice were randomly divided into the control group,the model group,the memantine group(5 mg/kg)and the high,medium and low dose Shiquan Dabu Decoction groups(6.24,3.12 and 1.56 g/kg),with 10 mice in each group.Except for those of the control group,the mice of other groups underwent their 70-day AD models induction by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose and gavage feeding of AlCl3,followed by 42-day corresponding dosing of drugs by gavage on the 29th day.The mice had their spatial learning and associative memory detected by Morris water maze test and conditioned fear test;their morphological changes of hippocampal neurons observed by HE staining;their serum SOD activity,MDA level,and SOD,AChE activities and MDA,ACh,TNF-α and IL-1β levels in hippocampus detected by kits;and their PSD-95,Shank3,NR1,NR2A,NR2B,AMPK and p-AMPK protein expressions in hippocampus detected by Western blot.RESULTS Compared with the model group,the high-dose Shiquan Dabu Decoction group displayed improved spatial learning and memory ability and associative memory(P<0.05,P<0.01);reduced pathological damage of hippocampal neurons,decreased levels of oxidative stress and inflammation(P<0.05,P<0.01);enhanced cholinergic transmission(P<0.05,P<0.01),and increased protein expressions of PSD-95,Shank3,NR1,NR2A,NR2B,and p-AMPK in hippocampal tissue(P<0.05,P<0.01).CONCLUSION Shiquan Dabu Decoction can improve the cognitive impairment of in the mouse model of AD,and its mechanism may be related to AMPK activation and synaptic function restoration.

Ethanol extract of Abelmoschus manihot suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress in contrast-induced nephropathy

@#Objective: To explore the efficacy and potential mechanisms of the ethanol extract of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medic in contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). Methods: CIN rat models and human renal proximal tubular cells (HK-2) with iopromide-induced injury were employed to mimic CIN conditions. The effect of Abelmoschus manihot extract on the rat models and HK-2 cells was evaluated. In rat models, kidney function, histology, oxidative stress and apoptosis were determined. In HK-2 cells, cell viability, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and endoplasmic reticulum stress were assessed. Results: Abelmoschus manihot extract significantly improved structural and functional impairments in the kidneys of CIN rats. Additionally, the extract effectively mitigated the decline in cellular viability and reduced iopromide-induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Mechanistic investigations revealed that Abelmoschus manihot extract prominently attenuated acute endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis by downregulating GRP78 and CHOP protein levels. Conclusions: Abelmoschus manihot extract can be used as a promising therapeutic and preventive agent in the treatment of CIN.

Mechanism of ellagic acid improving cognitive dysfunction in APP/PS double transgenic mice based on PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of ellagic acid (EA) on cognitive function in APP/PS 1 double- transgenic mice, and to explore the regulatory mechanism of ellagic acid on the level of oxidative stress in the hippocampus of double-transgenic mice based on the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/glycogen synthase kinase-3 (PI3K/AKT/GSK-3 β) signaling pathway. Methods Thirty-two SPF-grade 6-month-old APP/PS 1 double transgenic mice were randomly divided into four groups, namely, APP/PS 1 group, APP/PS1 + EA group, APP/PS1 + LY294002 group, APP/PS 1 + EA + LY294002 group, with eight mice in each group, and eight SPF-grade C57BL/6J wild type mice ( Wild type) were selected as the blank control group. The APP/PS 1 + EA group was given 50 mg · kg

NDFIP1 limits cellular TAZ accumulation via exosomal sorting to inhibit NSCLC proliferation

NDFIP1 has been previously reported as a tumor suppressor in multiple solid tumors, but the function of NDFIP1 in NSCLC and the underlying mechanism are still unknown. Besides, the WW domain containing proteins can be recognized by NDFIP1, resulted in the loading of the target proteins into exosomes. However, whether WW domain-containing transcription regulator 1 (WWTR1, also known as TAZ) can be packaged into exosomes by NDFIP1 and if so, whether the release of this oncogenic protein via exosomes has an effect on tumor development has not been investigated to any extent. Here, we first found that NDFIP1 was low expressed in NSCLC samples and cell lines, which is associated with shorter OS. Then, we confirmed the interaction between TAZ and NDFIP1, and the existence of TAZ in exosomes, which requires NDFIP1. Critically, knockout of NDFIP1 led to TAZ accumulation with no change in its mRNA level and degradation rate. And the cellular TAZ level could be altered by exosome secretion. Furthermore, NDFIP1 inhibited proliferation in vitro and in vivo, and silencing TAZ eliminated the increase of proliferation caused by NDFIP1 knockout. Moreover, TAZ was negatively correlated with NDFIP1 in subcutaneous xenograft model and clinical samples, and the serum exosomal TAZ level was lower in NSCLC patients. In summary, our data uncover a new tumor suppressor, NDFIP1 in NSCLC, and a new exosome-related regulatory mechanism of TAZ.

Quantitative analysis of macular microcirculation changes in diabetic retinopathy patients by optical coherence tomography angiography / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate the macular microcirculation changes in patients with diabetic retinopathy(DR)by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA), and correlate the risk factors that may affect the macular microcirculation, so as to provide a clinical basis for early screening, diagnosis and therapeutic intervention for DR.METHODS: Retrospective study. A total of 75 patients(75 eyes)with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM)who came to the ophthalmology outpatient clinic and ward of Xi'an Central Hospital from May to October 2022 were collected, and the DM patients were further divided into non-DR(NDR)group, non-proliferative DR(NPDR)group and proliferative DR(PDR)group, with 28 eyes, 25 eyes and 22 eyes in each group respectively. OCTA was applied to perform a 3mm×3mm blood flow imaging scan of the macular retina to automatically obtain the vascular density(VD)of the superficial retinal macular foveal, the parafoveal(1～3mm), as well as the macular 3mm×3mm and the area of macular foveal avascular zone(FAZ). Furthermore, the alteration of these parameters in patients with different degrees of DR was analyzed.RESULTS: Compared with the NDR group, the VD of the 3mm×3mm superficial retinal capillary(SCP)in the macular region was decreased in both PDR and NPDR group(all P&#x003C;0.017), and the VD of the parafoveal was decreased in each quadrant(P&#x003C;0.017), with the most significant decrease in the PDR group. The FAZ area of patients in the PDR and NPDR groups was significantly larger than that in the NDR group(P&#x003C;0.017). Age, homocysteine, best corrected visual acuity(LogMAR), axial length and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)of patients with DR were negatively correlated with VD in the macular foveal(P&#x003C;0.05), while homocysteine, best corrected visual acuity(LogMAR), axial length, and the duration of diabetes were negatively correlated with VD in the macular 3mm×3mm(P&#x003C;0.05). Triglycerides, best corrected visual acuity(LogMAR), and HbA1c were negatively correlated with VD in the parafoveal(P&#x003C;0.05), while total cholesterol and central macular thickness had no significant correlation with VD(P&#x003E;0.05).CONCLUSION: The microcirculation changes in the macular area of DR patients can be monitored by OCTA, and the systemic condition of DR patients is closely related to their macular microcirculation.

Construction of a dual fluorescent reporter system for tracing horizontal transfer of mcr-1-carrying plasmid / 中华预防医学杂志

The green fluorescent reporter gene was inserted into the gene interval of polymyxin resistant mcr-1-carrying plasmid (pSH13G841) by homologous recombination of suicide plasmid. At the same time, E. coli J53 with red fluorescent reporter gene was constructed. Using the ability of spontaneous conjugation of drug resistant plasmid (pSH13G841), pSH13G841-GFP plasmid was transferred into J53 RFP bacteria to construct a double fluorescent labeled donor bacterium. The two light-emitting systems could stably and spontaneously express fluorescence without mutual interference. The dual fluorescence report system constructed can be used for visual tracing horizontal transfer of mcr-1-carrying plasmid, the subsequent model can study the colonization, transfer and prognosis of drug-resistant bacteria/drug-resistant genes mcr-1 by using mouse in vivo imaging technology.

Study of the urban-impact on microbial communities and their virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genomes in the Nandu River, Haikou / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To explore the changes in bacterial community structure, antibiotic resistance genome, and pathogen virulence genome in river water before and after the river flowing through Haikou City and their transmission and dispersal patterns and to reveal anthropogenic disturbance's effects on microorganisms and resistance genes in the aquatic environment. Methods: The Nandu River was divided into three study areas: the front, middle and rear sections from the upstream before it flowed through Haikou City to the estuary. Three sampling sites were selected in each area, and six copies of the sample were collected in parallel at each site and mixed for 3 L per sample. Microbial community structure, antibiotic resistance, virulence factors, and mobile genetic elements were analyzed through bioinformatic data obtained by metagenomic sequencing and full-length sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Variations in the distribution of bacterial communities between samples and correlation of transmission patterns were analyzed by principal co-ordinates analysis, procrustes analysis, and Mantel test. Results: As the river flowed through Haikou City, microbes' alpha diversity gradually decreased. Among them, Proteobacteria dominates in the bacterial community in the front, middle, and rear sections, and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the middle and rear sections was higher than that in the front segment. The diversity and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes, virulence factors, and mobile genetic elements were all at low levels in the front section and all increased significantly after flow through Haikou City. At the same time, horizontal transmission mediated by mobile genetic elements played a more significant role in the spread of antibiotic-resistance genes and virulence factors. Conclusions: Urbanization significantly impacts river bacteria and the resistance genes, virulence factors, and mobile genetic elements they carry. The Nandu River in Haikou flows through the city, receiving antibiotic-resistant and pathogen-associated bacteria excreted by the population. In contrast, antibiotic-resistant genes and virulence factors are enriched in bacteria, which indicates a threat to environmental health and public health. Comparison of river microbiomes and antibiotic resistance genomes before and after flow through cities is a valuable early warning indicator for monitoring the spread of antibiotic resistance.

Application of augmented reality navigation in laparoscopic and robot-assisted liver surgery / 中华外科杂志

In recent years, laparoscopic surgery and robotic surgery have been widely used, and various intraoperative image navigation systems have also developed rapidly. However, the liver itself has a complex vessel and duct system, which increase the difficulty of liver surgery. The augmented reality image navigation system combines the three-dimensional reconstructed image of the liver with the real liver anatomy, which presents the specific relationship between the tumor location and the surrounding vessels for the surgeon. Compared with other intraoperative image navigation methods, augmented reality has its unique advantages. This paper provides an overview of current advances in registration technology in augmented reality image navigation system, and focuses on its applications in liver surgery, including laparoscopic surgery and robotic surgery. Finally, the technological problems and difficulties still faced at present are summarized, and future directions worth studying in this field are proposed.

Research progress on chemical constituents of Schisandra chinensis and its effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease / 中国中药杂志

Schisandra chinensis, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, is rich in chemical constituents, including lignans, triterpenes, polysaccharides, and volatile oils. Clinically, it is commonly used to treat cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, liver, gastrointestinal, and respiratory diseases. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that S. chinensis extract and monomers have multiple pharmacological activities in lowering liver fat, alleviating insulin resistance, and resisting oxidative stress, and have good application prospects in alleviating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD). Therefore, this study reviewed the research progress on chemical constituents of S. chinensis and its effect on NAFLD in recent years to provide references for the research on S. chinensis in the treatment of NAFLD.

Research progress of histone acetylation in prevention and treatment of heart failure and new ideas based on traditional Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

Chronic heart failure(CHF) has become a worldwide public health problem due to its high morbidity and mortality, which seriously endangers people's lifespan and quality of life. In recent years, the treatment strategy of CHF has shifted its emphasis on short-term improvement and transformation of hemodynamics to long-term repair as well as improvement of the biological properties of heart failure. At present, with the continuous deepening of medical research, it has been found that histone acetylation is closely related to the occurrence and development of CHF. Traditional Chinese medicine, via regulating histone acetylation, delays ventricular remodeling, improves energy metabolism, inhibits fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and intervenes in the development process of heart failure, thus reducing the mortality and the readmission rate and ultimately improving long-term prognosis. Therefore, this study reviewed the mechanism of histone acetylation in the treatment of heart failure as well as its prevention and treatment with traditional Chinese medicine, to provide reference for clinical treatment of CHF.

Cancer-cell-intrinsic mechanisms shaping the immunosuppressive landscape of prostate cancer / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Although immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment and achieved remarkable success across many different cancer types, only a subset of patients shows meaningful clinical responses. In particular, advanced prostate cancer exhibits overwhelming de novo resistance to immune checkpoint blockade therapy. This is primarily due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment of prostate cancer. Therefore, it is paramount to understand how prostate cancer cell-intrinsic mechanisms promote immune evasion and foster an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Here, we review recent findings that reveal the roles of the genetic alterations, androgen receptor signaling, cancer cell plasticity, and oncogenic pathways in shaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment and thereby driving immunotherapy resistance. Based on preclinical and clinical observations, a variety of therapeutic strategies are being developed that may illuminate new paths to enhance immunotherapy efficacy in prostate cancer.

Advances in the effect of inhibiting complement activation in the treatment of sepsis-associated coagulopathy / 中华危重病急救医学

Sepsis-associated coagulopathy refers to extensive coagulation activation accompanied by a high risk of bleeding and organ failure. In severe cases, it is manifested as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and leads to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Complement is an important component of the innate immune system and plays an important role in defending against invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. The early pathological process of sepsis involves excessive activation of the complement system, which forms an extremely complex network through interactions with the coagulation, kinin and fibrinolytic system, amplifying and exacerbating the systemic inflammatory response. In recent years, it has been suggested that uncontrolled complement activation system can exacerbate sepsis-associated coagulation dysfunction or even DIC, indicating the potential value of intervening in the complement system in the treatment of septic DIC, and related research progress is reviewed in this article in order to provide new ideas for the discovery of sepsis-associated coagulopathy therapy drugs.

5 Cases Analysis of Pachydermoperiostosis Complicated with Synovitis / 罕见病研究

  Objective  To analyze the clinical characteristics, treatments and prognosis of pachydermoperiostosis (PDP) with synovitis, and to improve clinicians′ understanding of PDP.  Methods  The clinical data of 5 patients diagnosed with PDP in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2010 to June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.  Results  Among the 5 patients in this study, all were male, with an average age of (24.2±3.8)years old. The main manifestations of PDP were joint swelling and pain and skin thickening. In this study, all 5 patients were treated with medication, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoids, and immunosuppressants, and 4 patients were treated with arthroscopic minimally invasive synovectomy. Their symptoms gradually improved and controlled. The last patient′s symptoms of synovitis were mild and significantly relieved after conservative treatment.  Conclusions  The diagnosis of PDP is still challenging. Symptoms can be alleviated, and the progression of the disease can be basically controlled after active drug therapy and surgical mitigation measures.

One case report of massive ischemic intestinal necrosis at the onset of diabetes mellitus with ketoacidosis and coma in a male patient / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Diabetes mellitus with ketoacidosis and combined with coma are acute critical complications, which can be complicated with acute abdomen, such as acute pancreatitis, mesenteric thrombosis, small intestine necrosis, etc. There is no report of massive intestine necrosis in the previous literature. We present an overview and aim to improve the diagnosis of acute complications in diabetes mellitus combined with acute abdomen.

Prevalence and clinical characteristics of polymyositis in a Chinese cohort / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective:To analyze the frequency and characteristics of polymyositis (PM) in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM), and to investigate whether PM is over-diagnosed.Methods:Patients diagnosed as IIM according to the Bohan & Peter criteria of IIM hospitalized in the Department of Rheumatology of China-Japan Friendship Hospital from 2008 to 2019 were involved in the study. Definite PM (dPM) was defined as typical clinical and pathological features including elevated creatine kinase (CK) level, muscle weakness and muscle biopsy findings with endomysial CD8 + T cell infiltration and expression of MHC-1 on sarcolemma. Meanwhile, dermatomyositis (DM), anti-synthase syndrome(ASS), immune-mediated necrotic myopathy(IMNM), sporadic inclusion body myositis(sIBM) and other myopathies were excluded according to the new classification criteria of IIM subtypes respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software 24.0. The Kruskal-Wallis test and χ2 test were used to compare the clinical characteristics between the dPM group and other IIM subtypes. Results:A total of 1 259 patients with IIM including 1 015 (80.6%) DM and 244(19.4%) PM were enrolled in this study. According to the strict definition of PM criteria, only 0.5% of patients (6/1 259) in IIM could be diagnosed as dPM. Most PM patients were IMNM and ASS according to the new IIM subtypes criteria, of which 48.0% (117/244) were IMNM and 32.0% (78/244) were ASS. 66.7%(4/6) of dPM patients were women. One complicated with RA, and one was dPM overlaped with systemic sclerosis. All of them had muscle weakness, mild elevation of CK level [611(391,1 451) U/L], and were myositis-specific autoantibodies negative. Except one dPM patients who did not receive immunoregulatory therapy due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the others were administrated with low or medium dose prednisone combined with or without immunosuppressive agents. After a median follow-up of (38±26) months, the muscle strength of dPM patients were improved.Conclusion:dPM is a very rare clinical subtype of IIM. PM is an over-diagnosed entity in clinical practice. Patients with dPM have mild symptoms and good outcome.

Analyzing the influencing factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in neck, shoulder and lower back of live-electric line workers / 中国职业医学

{L-End}Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) of live-electric line workers in the power supply enterprises. {L-End}Methods A total of 1 479 live-electric frontline workers in the power supply bureaus under China Southern Power Grid Co., LTD in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangdong Province and Yunnan Province were selected as the research subjects using the cluster sampling method. The revised Chinese version of the Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire was used to investigate the prevalence of WMSDs and their influencing factors in the past year. {L-End}Results The prevalence of WMSDs was 61.4%. The prevalence of WMSDs in nine body sites ranged from 11.3% to 45.1%, with the highest prevalence being on three sites of neck, shoulder and lower back with a prevalence of 45.1%, 36.0% and 30.8%, respectively. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of WMSDs in the neck, shoulder, and lower back were different, but all related to individual factors, poor ergonomics factors, and unreasonable work organization factors. The influencing factors simultaneously affecting these three sites included length of service, educational level, working in a sitting posture for a long time, working in uncomfortable postures, adequate rest time, starting to work after rest, deciding when to start and finish by oneself, and shortage of staff in the department or group. The factors affecting both neck and shoulder WMSDs were gender and back bending slightly for a long time. The factors affecting both neck and lower back were age and back bending significantly for a long time. {L-End}Conclusion The prevalence of WMSDs in the live-electric line workers in power supply enterprises is high, mainly occurring in the neck, shoulders, and lower back. The influencing factors are individual factors, poor ergonomics factors, and unreasonable work organization.

MiR-326 regulates EphB3 to inhibit invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells / 中国药理学通报

;Aim To investigate the molecular mechanism of miR-326 inhibiting breast cancer invasion and metastasis by regulating EphB3 expression. Methods RTFQ-PCR was used to examine the expression of miR-326 in normal breast epithelial cells and breast cancer cells and the transfection efficiency of miR-326 overexpression plasmid. EdU cell proliferation assay and Transwell assay were used to examine the changes in proliferation, migration and invasion ability of different subgroups of cells. Dual luciferase assay was used to verify the presence of binding sites for miR-326 and EphB3. Western blot was used to detect the expression of EphB3 in breast cancer cells after overexpression of miR-326. Results RTFQ-PCR results showed that miR-326 was lowly expressed in breast cancer cells and successfully transfected (P < 0. 05). EdU proliferation assay and Transwell assay results showed that overexpression of miR-326 in breast cancer cells inhibited proliferation, migration and invasive ability (P < 0. 05). The results of dual luciferase assay showed that miR-326 could interact with the 3'-UTR of EphB3 (P < 0. 05). Western blot and Transwell assays showed that miR-326 could negatively regulate EphB3 to inhibit invasive metastasis of breast cancer cells (P < 0. 05). Conclusions MiR-326 acts as a cancer suppressor genes in the development of breast cancer and suppresses the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells by regulating the expression of EphB3.

Stapled anoplin peptide combined with photothermal therapy enhances oncolytic immunotherapy of triple-negative breast cancer / 中国中药杂志

This study constructed a nano-drug delivery system, A3@GMH, by co-delivering the stapled anoplin peptide(Ano-3, A3) with the light-harvesting material graphene oxide(GO), and evaluated its oncolytic immunotherapy effect on triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC). A3@GMH was prepared using an emulsion template method and its physicochemical properties were characterized. The in vivo and in vitro photothermal conversion abilities of A3@GMH were investigated using an infrared thermal imager. The oncoly-tic activity of A3@GMH against TNBC 4T1 cells was evaluated through cell counting kit-8(CCK-8), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) release, live/dead cell staining, and super-resolution microscopy. The targeting properties of A3@GMH on 4T1 cells were assessed using a high-content imaging system and flow cytometry. In vitro and in vivo studies were conducted to investigate the antitumor mechanism of A3@GMH in combination with photothermal therapy(PTT) through inducing immunogenic cell death(ICD) in 4T1 cells. The results showed that the prepared A3@GMH exhibited distinct mesoporous and coated structures with an average particle size of(308.9±7.5) nm and a surface potential of(-6.79±0.58) mV. The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of A3 were 23.9%±0.6% and 20.5%±0.5%, respectively. A3@GMH demonstrated excellent photothermal conversion ability and biological safety. A3@GMH actively mediated oncolytic features such as 4T1 cell lysis and LDH release, as well as ICD effects, and showed enhanced in vitro antitumor activity when combined with PTT. In vivo, A3@GMH efficiently induced ICD effects with two rounds of PTT, activated the host's antitumor immune response, and effectively suppressed tumor growth in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice, achieving an 88.9% tumor inhibition rate with no apparent toxic side effects. This study suggests that the combination of stapled anoplin peptide and PTT significantly enhances the oncolytic immunotherapy for TNBC and provides a basis for the innovative application of anti-tumor peptides derived from TCM in TNBC treatment.

Regularity of prescriptions for sick sinus syndrome based on latent structure combined with association rules / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to mine the regularity of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) prescriptions for sick sinus syndrome(SSS) and provide a reference for clinical syndrome differentiation and treatment. The relevant papers were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and SinoMed with the time interval from inception to January 31, 2023. The relevant information from qualified papers was extracted to establish a library. Lantern 5.0 and Rstudio were used to analyze the latent structure and association rules of TCMs with the frequency ≥3%, which combined with frequency descriptions, were used to explore the rules of TCM prescriptions for SSS. A total of 192 TCM prescriptions were included, involving 115 TCMs with the cumulative frequency of 1 816. High-frequency TCMs include Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Astragali Radix, and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. The high-frequency medicines mainly had the effects of tonifying, releasing exterior with pungent-warm, and activating blood and resolving stasis. The analysis of the latent structure model yielded 13 hidden variables, 26 hidden classes, 8 comprehensive cluster models, and 21 core prescriptions. Accordingly, the common syndromes of SSS were inferred as heart-Yang Qi deficiency, heart-spleen Yang deficiency, heart-kidney Yang deficiency, Yang deficiency and blood stasis, both Qi and Yin deficiency and blood stasis, and Yin and Yang deficiency. The analysis of association rules predicted 30 strong association rules, among which Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma-Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata had the highest support. SSS is a syndrome with Yang deficiency and Qi deficiency as the root causes and cold, phlegm, and stasis as the manifestations. The clinical treatment of SSS should focus on warming Yang and replenishing Qi, which should be supplemented with the therapies of activating blood and resolving stasis, warming interior and dissipating cold, or regulating Qi movement for resolving phlegm according to the patients' syndromes.