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OBJECTIVE To study the pharmacokinetic changes in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of bronchial asthma model rats after the complication of Ephedra sinica and Prunus armeniaca. METHODS SD male rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, E. sinica group (12 g/kg, calculated by raw drug, similarly hereinafter), P. armeniaca group (6 g/kg) and E. sinica-P. armeniaca drug-pair group (12 g/kg of E. sinica+6 g/kg of P. armeniaca), with 6 rats in each group. Except for the blank group, the bronchial asthma model was induced by spraying rats in each group with an equal volume mixture of 2% acetylcholine chloride and 0.4% histamine phosphate, once a day, for 7 d. One hour before modeling every time, rats in each group were gavaged with the corresponding drug/normal saline, once a day, for 7 d. After the final administration and provocation of asthma, blood and cerebrospinal fluid collection were performed at different time points. The plasma and cerebrospinal fluid samples were pre-treated (with geranylgeranyl as the internal standard), and the mass concentrations of ephedrine/pseudoephedrine, methyl ephedrine and amygdalin in both samples were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. DAS 2.0 pharmacokinetic software was used to determine the main pharmacokinetic parameters through the non-atrial chamber model and to compare the changes of the pharmacokinetic parameters before and after the combination of the two drugs. RESULTS Compared with E. sinica group, cmax and AUC0-21.33 h (or AUC0-10.67 h) of ephedrine/pseudoephedrine and methyl ephedrine in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of rats were significantly reduced in E. sinica-P. armeniaca drug-pair group, while CLZ/F and VZ/F were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01); tmax of methyl ephedrine in the cerebrospinal fluid was significantly shortened (P< 0.05).Compared with P. armeniaca group, the t1/2 of amygdalin in the plasma of rats in E. sinica-P. armeniaca drug-pair group was significantly shortened, and CLZ/F was significantly increased (P<0.01); the tmax of bitter amygdalin in the cerebrospinal fluid was significantly shortened, and the AUC0-10.67 h, CLZ/F, and VZ/F were significantly increased (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The combination of E. sinica and P. armeniaca accelerates the absorption and elimination of ephedra alkaloids, thus reducing the accumulation of ephedra alkaloids in the bronchial asthma model rats.
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Objective To analyze the frontiers and hot spots of oral leukoplakia(OL)research.Methods The core collection of Web of Science databases was searched by computer for the period January 1,1995 to December 31,2021.A bibliometric analysis was performed using CiteSpace software.Results There has been a consistent increase in the number of published studies associated with OL,and related research has received increasing support and attention from the entire community.When analyzed in the country dimension,the United States is the country with the highest number of publications;Among research institutions,China is the country with the highest number of institutions in the top 20,and Shanghai Jiaotong University is the institution with the highest number of papers.Investigators expect to achieve breakthroughs through multidisciplinary studies because the causative factors of OL are not clear.The keyword analysis of literature,carcinoma,associated lesions and follow-up studies are the current scientific hotspots;And the analysis of keyword-based emergent intensity,potential malignant diseases,classification and developmental abnormalities are the research frontiers.Conclusion Documented visual analysis visualizes the hot spots and frontiers of OL research and provides reference for future studies.
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ObjectiveMolecular docking plays a critical role in predicting binding modes and affinity between molecules, serving as a pivotal method in structural biology and computer-aided drug design research. Our research team has recently developed a novel template-based docking method called FitDock, which outperforms commonly used molecular docking methods in terms of accuracy and speed, particularly when approximate protein-ligand templates are available. To enhance the accessibility of the FitDock method and promote its broader application in the field of molecular simulation, the development of a graphical software tool is imperative. MethodsUtilizing Python-based graphical programming, we have created FitDockApp, a plugin software for the molecular visualization software PyMOL. ResultsFitDockApp enables template-based molecular docking and ligand structure alignment through an interactive graphical interface, providing real-time visualization of predicted three-dimensional structures. It also offers the convenience of uploading docking files to a laboratory server to obtain the optimal template. Additionally, FitDockApp includes batch docking functionality. ConclusionFitDockApp simplifies the docking process through its user-friendly interface and provides robust functionality to assist researchers in obtaining precise docking results. FitDockApp is a free software compatible with both Windows and Linux systems and can be downloaded from http://cao.labshare.cn/fitdock/.
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Objective:To explore the predictive value of pre-biopsy serum inflammatory markers on positive prostate biopsy results, establish a nomogram model based on pre-biopsy inflammatory markers combined with other parameters, and evaluate its predictive ability for prostate biopsy results.Methods:The clinical data of 601 patients undergoing transperineal prostate biopsy who were admitted to the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from August 2019 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The median age was 68(35, 89)years, and the median tPSA was 9.56(4.01, 19.95)ng/ml. The median fPSA was 1.36(0.88, 2.02)ng/ml, the median PSAD was 0.16(0.11, 0.26)ng/ml 2, and the median platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)was 129.90(98.95, 169.89). PI-RADS v2.1 score<3 points in 189 cases(31.45%), 3 points in 174 cases(28.95%), 4 points in 190 cases(31.61%), and 5 points in 48 cases(7.99%). A simple randomization method was used to obtain 421 cases(70.00%)in the modeling group and 180 cases(30%)in the validation group.There was no significant difference in the clinical data between the two groups ( P>0.05). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed in the modeling group to screen independent influencing factors for the prediction of positive prostate biopsy results. A nomogram model was established and internal verification was conducted. External validation of the model was performed in the validation group. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to verify model discrimination, Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was used to verify model calibration, and decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to evaluate the net benefit and clinical utility of the predictive model. Results:The results of univariate analysis showed that the age( OR=1.060, P<0.01), histological inflammation( OR=0.312, P<0.01), the number of biopsy needles( OR=0.949, P=0.009), f/tPSA( OR=0.954, P=0.003), PV( OR=0.973, P<0.01), PSAD( OR=29.260, P<0.01), PI-RADS v2.1 score(3-point OR=3.766, P=0.001; 4-point OR=11.800, P<0.01; 5-point OR=57.033, P<0.01), lymphocyte count( OR=1.535, P=0.013), NLR( OR=0.848, P=0.044), PLR( OR=0.994, P=0.005)and SII( OR=0.999, P=0.009)were statistically different between the prostate patients and non-prostate cancer patients in the modeling group; Multivariate analysis showed that age( OR=1.094, P<0.001), fPSA( OR=0.605, P=0.002), histological inflammation ( OR=0.241, P<0.001), PSAD ( OR=7.57, P=0.013), PLR ( OR=0.994, P=0.005) and PI-RADS v2.1 Score(3-point OR=2.737, P=0.016; 4-point OR=8.621, P<0.001; 5-point OR=47.65, P<0.001) was an independent influencing factor for prostate cancer at initial biopsy; a nomogram model based on age, fPSA, PSAD, PLR and PI-RADS v2.1 scores was established. The AUC of the modeling group was 0.849(95% CI 0.810-0.888), and the sensitivity was 80.9%, and the specificity was 76.1%; the AUC of the validation group was 0.862(95% CI 0.809-0.915), and the sensitivity was 91.9%, and the specificity was 67.8%, suggesting that the diagnostic prediction model had a good discrimination. The calibration curve showed that the prediction model was well calibrated ( χ2=6.137, P=0.632). The decision curve analysis (DCA) of the modeling and validation groups indicated a larger net benefit of the predictive model. Conclusions:The nomogram model established in this study based on age, fPSA, PSAD, PLR and PI-RADS v2.1 score showed good predictive efficacy for prostate biopsy in patients with PSA between 4-20 ng/ml.
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Patients with glioblastoma (GBM) generally have a bad prognosis and short overall survival after being treated with surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy due to the histological heterogeneity, strong invasive ability and rapid postoperative recurrence of GBM. The components of GBM cell-derived exosome (GBM-exo) can regulate the proliferation and migration of GBM cell via cytokines, miRNAs, DNA molecules and proteins, promote the angiogenesis via angiogenic proteins and non-coding RNAs, mediate tumor immune evasion by targeting immune checkpoints with regulatory factors, proteins and drugs, and reduce drug resistance of GBM cells through non-coding RNAs. GBM-exo is expected to be an important target for the personalized treatment of GBM and a marker for diagnosis and prognosis of this kind of disease. This review summarizes the preparation methods, biological characteristics, functions and molecular mechanisms of GBM-exo on cell proliferation, angiogenesis, immune evasion and drug resistance of GBM to facilitate developing new strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of GBM.
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Humains , Glioblastome/génétique , Exosomes/métabolisme , microARN/métabolisme , Pronostic , Prolifération cellulaire , Tumeurs du cerveau/génétique , Lignée cellulaire tumoraleRésumé
OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the nutritional status and its influencing factors in children with newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of children who were diagnosed with IBD for the first time in Hunan Children's Hospital from January 2015 to December 2021. Diagnostic delay was defined as the time from the symptom onset to IBD diagnosis being in the upper quartile (P76-P100) of all IBD children in the study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors for emaciation and growth retardation.@*RESULTS@#A total of 125 children with newly diagnosed IBD were included, with Crohn's disease being the main type (91.2%). The rates of emaciation and growth retardation were 42.4% (53 cases) and 7.2% (9 cases), respectively, and the rate of anemia was 77.6% (97 cases). Diagnostic delay was noted in 31 children (24.8%), with the time from the symptom onset to IBD diagnosis of 366 to 7 211 days. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diagnostic delay was a risk factor for emaciation and growth retardation (OR=2.73 and OR=4.42, respectively; P<0.05) and that age was positively associated with emaciation (OR=1.30, P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Children with newly diagnosed IBD have poor nutritional status, and the rates of anemia, emaciation, and growth retardation are high. Diagnostic delay is associated with malnutrition in children with IBD.
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Humains , Enfant , Rectocolite hémorragique/diagnostic , État nutritionnel , Études rétrospectives , Émaciation/complications , Retard de diagnostic , Maladies inflammatoires intestinales/complications , Malnutrition/complications , Troubles de la croissance/complicationsRésumé
ObjectiveTo explore the optimal formula of Maxing Shigantang in regulating epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)expression and alleviating airway injury in asthmatic rats and to reveal the underlying mechanism. MethodSD male rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, dexamethasone group (5×10-4 g·kg-1) and Maxing Shigantang 1∶0.5, 1∶1, 1∶2 groups (group A, B, C, 10 g·kg-1), with 8 rats in each group. The other groups except the normal group received nebulization of 2% acetylcholine chloride and 0.4% histamine phosphate for the modeling of asthma. One hour before modeling, the normal group and the model group were given the same amount of normal saline, and the other groups were given the same amount of corresponding drugs, once a day for 7 days. On the 7th day, the model was established and the incubation period of asthma was recorded. The rats were then immediately anesthetized, and arterial blood and tracheal tissue were collected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to detect the levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in serum. Pathological sections were prepared for the observation of the pathological changes of tracheal tissues and the ultrastructure of epithelial cells in each group. Terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick-end labeling (TUNEL) was adopted to detect epithelial cell apoptosis, and in situ hybridization and Western blot were employed to determine the mRNA and protein levels of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), respectively. ResultCompared with the model group, groups A, B and C prolonged the incubation period of asthma (P<0.05,P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the model group showed declined IL-2 level (P<0.01), risen IL-4 and TNF-α levels (P<0.05,P<0.01), increased airway pathology score, collagen volume fraction, and airway epithelial cell apoptosis index (P<0.01), and up-regulated mRNA and protein levels of EGFR in trachea tissue (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, group A showed increased IL-2 level (P<0.05) and declined IL-4 (P<0.05,P<0.01) level, and group B showed declined IL-4 level (P<0.05). The level of TNF-α in groups A, B, and C declined compared with that in the model group (P<0.01). Maxing Shigantang repaired the tracheal tissue to different degrees (P<0.05). Among the three groups, group A inhibited tracheal fibrosis (P<0.05) and had the most significant effect of repairing the ultrastructural changes of airway epithelial cells. Groups A, B and C all inhibited the apoptosis of airway epithelial cells (P<0.05). All the three groups inhibited the up-regulation of EGFR mRNA level (P<0.05,P<0.01), and groups B and C inhibited the up-regulation of EGFR protein level (P<0.05,P<0.01). ConclusionMaxing Shigantang can inhibit the abnormal changes of airway epithelial structure, alleviate airway injury, and can down-regulate the expression of EGFR in the tracheal tissue of asthma model rats. In this study, the optimal compatibility of Maxing Shigantang to repair airway epithelial injury in asthmatic rats was group A, with the Ephedrae Herba-Armeniacae Semen Amarum-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Gypsum Fibrosum ratio of 1∶0.5∶4∶1.
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BACKGROUND@#Severe hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is a life-threatening contagious disease among young children and infants. Although enterovirus A71 has been well acknowledged to be the dominant cause of severe HFMD, there still remain other unidentified risk factors for severe HFMD. Previous studies mainly focused on identifying the individual-level risk factors from a clinical perspective, while rare studies aimed to clarify the association between regional-level risk factors and severe HFMD, which may be more important from a public health perspective.@*METHODS@#We retrieved the clinical HFMD counts between 2008 and 2014 from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, which were used to calculated the case-severity rate in 143 prefectural-level cities in mainland China. For each of those 143 cities, we further obtained city-specific characteristics from the China City Statistical Yearbook (social and economic variables) and the national meteorological monitoring system (meteorological variables). A Poisson regression model was then used to estimate the associations between city-specific characteristics (reduced by the principal component analysis to avoid multicollinearity) and the case-severity rate of HFMD. The above analysis was further stratified by age and gender to examine potential modifying effects and vulnerable sub-populations.@*RESULTS@#We found that the case-severity rate of HFMD varied dramatically between cities, ranging from 0 to 8.09%. Cities with high case-severity rates were mainly clustered in Central China. By relating the case-severity rate to city-specific characteristics, we found that both the principal component characterized by a high level of social and economic development (RR = 0.823, 95%CI 0.739, 0.916) and another that characterized by warm and humid climate (RR = 0.771, 95%CI 0.619, 0.960) were negatively associated with the case-severity rate of HFMD. These estimations were consistent across age and gender sub-populations.@*CONCLUSION@#Except for the type of infected pathogen, the case-severity rate of HFMD was closely related to city development and meteorological factor. These findings suggest that social and environmental factors may also play an important role in the progress of severe HFMD.
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Adolescent , Enfant , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Femelle , Humains , Nourrisson , Nouveau-né , Mâle , Chine/épidémiologie , Villes/épidémiologie , Syndrome mains-pieds-bouche/virologie , Incidence , Facteurs de risqueRésumé
Objective To evaluate the association between V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF)V600E mutation and biological behaviors of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC).Methods Published papers about the association between BRAFV600E mutation and aggressiveness of PTMC from January 2011 to January 2016 were collected using databases of Wanfang,VIP,China National Knowl-edge Infrastructure (CNKI),PubMed,Embase and Cochrane library.The key words were "PTMC","papillary thyroid microcarcinoma"," thyroid microcarcinoma"," micropapillary thyroid carcinoma"," BRAF".The languages were restricted to English and Chinese.Meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3 software.Results Eighteen studies involving 2 938 patients were included.A total of 1 536 patients showed BRAFV600E mutation-positive results,and 1 402 patients were with wild type.The average prevalence of the BRAFV600E mutation was 52.3%.The BRAFV600E mutation was associated with the multifocality (odds ratio (OR)=1.37,95% CI:1.11-1.67),extrathyroid extension(OR=2.25,95% CI:1.31-3.86),lymph node metastases (OR =3.05,95% CI:1.60-5.79),advanced stage (TNM Ⅲ + Ⅳ;OR =1.99,95% CI:1.54-2.57),recurrence(OR=2.92,95% CI:1.84-4.65),male patients(OR=1.70,95% CI:1.35-2.14) and tumor diameter >5 mm(OR=1.62,95% CI:1.29~2.04)of PTMC.There was no significant association between BRAFV600E mutation and age or distant metastases.Conclusion BRAFV600E mutation is a risk factor for aggressive behaviors of PTMC.
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The canonical transient receptor potential channels (TRPCs) constitute a series of nonselective cation channels with variable degrees of Ca2+ selectivity. TRPCs consist of seven mammalian members, TRPC1, TRPC2, TRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5, TRPC6, and TRPC7, which are further divided into four subtypes, TRPC1, TRPC2, TRPC4/5, and TRPC3/6/7. These channels take charge of various essential cell functions such as contraction, relaxation, proliferation, and dysfunction. This review, organized into seven main sections, will provide an overview of current knowledge about the underlying pathogenesis of TRPCs in cardio/cerebrovascular diseases, including hypertension, pulmonary arterial hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, atherosclerosis, arrhythmia, and cerebrovascular ischemia reperfusion injury. Collectively, TRPCs could become a group of drug targets with important physiological functions for the therapy of human cardio/cerebro-vascular diseases.
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Humains , Troubles du rythme cardiaque , Athérosclérose , Cardiomégalie , Maladies cardiovasculaires , Angiopathies intracrâniennes , Hypertension artérielle , Hypertension pulmonaire , Relaxation , Lésion d'ischémie-reperfusion , Canaux cationiques TRPRésumé
Objective with the advantages of rapidity in detection protein, We selected the gender-specific amino acid sequence based on human SMCY and SMCX, cloned and expressed SMCY gender-specific fusion antigens. The rabbits were immunized with purified antigens to obtain the polyclonal antibodies. A new method was established for rapidly sex identification of forensic evidence samples by detecting SMCY antigens with the corresponding polyclonal antibodies. Methods We found three differential fragments by analyzing the sequence of human SMCY and SMCX. Then we cloned this three fragments and ligated as a new recombinant.This SMCY gender-specific fusion antigen gene was sub-cloned into pET-28a and expressed in Escherichia coli. The fusion antigen was purified by Ni-NTA column. The rabbits were immunized with purified antigen to produce the specific polyclonal antibodies.The reactivity of the polyclonal antibody was evaluated by ELISA and Western blotting. We developed a colloidal gold test strip for detecting the gender of human samples. Results We successfully selected gender-specific amino acid sequence, the SMCY gender-specific fusion antigen was expressed by prokaryotic expression and the polyclonal antibody was prepared by immunizing rabbit. The results of colloidal gold strip tests showed that there is a significant difference between male and female serums. Conclusion The results showed that the SMCY gender-specific fusion antigen could be recognized by the polyclonal antibody.The colloidal gold strip tests made by SMCY gender-specific fusion antigens and the corresponding polyclonal antibodies could be used for rapidly determining the gender of forensic evidence samples.
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We investigated the molecular characteristics of the full-length genome of 5 dengue serotype 4 virus (DENV-4) strains isolated in Yunnan Province,China,2015 and their molecular epidemiological feature.Isolation of dengue virus was using C6/36 cell culture method.Viral RNA was extracted from virus isolates,then the full-length genome was amplified by RT-PCR.The homology and phylogenetic analysis was made on the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences by bioinfor matics softwares including ClastalX1.83 and MEGA6 etc.Results showed that five strains of DENV-4 isolated from dengue fe ver cases in Ruili City of Yunnan Province in 2015,of these,2 strains from indigenous cases,3 from imported cases from Lashio and Nam Can cities of Myanmar to Ruili of China.RT-PCR and sequencing indicated that the full-length genes (10 661 nt) of 5 DENV-4 strains were obtained,and their open reading frame (103-10 264) were coded 3 386 amino acid residues.Phylogenetic tree and homology analysis based on the comeplete genome or structural and non-structural protein genes showed that the 5 DENV 4 isolates were highly homologous and gathered in an evolution as well as they have a closer genetic relationship with the DENV-4 genotype Ⅰ (G-Ⅰ) strains isolated from Thailand.Results indicated that the Yunnan strains belonged to G-Ⅰ.Yunnan strains and Thailand strains compared with DENV 4 prototype strain (H241,Philippines 1956) and Guangzhou strain (B5,1990) of China and showed low homology and evolutionary relationship.When Yunnan strains compared with H241 strain,there were 21 and 45 different sites in amino acid of structural and non-structural proteins,respectively.This is the first time in Yunnan to obtain full-length genomes sequence of DENV-4 and they have closer evolutionary relationship with DENV 4G-Ⅰ strains from Southeast Asia region in recent years.The autochthonous DENV-4 epidemic in Yunnan was detected for the first time,and the virus transmission sources were from neighboring northern Myanmar.It is necessary to further study that change of the amino acid sites of Yunnan strains of DENV-4 is related to its antigenicity and virulence.
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Transient receptor potential(TRP)channels superfamily consists of a large number of nonselective cation chan?nels,which can be grouped into six subfamilies:canonical,vanilloid,melastatin,ankyrin,polycystic and mucolipin TRP channels. The majority of these TRP channels are expressed in different organs including respiratory airway,lung,kidney,heart,intestinal tract,stomach and liver. TRP channels can sense various stimuli including pressure,oxidative stress,lipid environment alterations, hypertrophic signals,and inflammation products. By integrating these stimuli and via Ca2+entry,TRP channels play main role in regu?lating cell functions such as contraction,proliferation,differentiation and cell death. TRP channels is involved in the pathophysiology of numerous cellular functions,and connected to cystic fibrosis,cardiac fibrosis,renal fibrosis,and liver fibrosis. This review mainly summarizes the involvement of TRP channels in tissue fibrosis.
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The canonical transient receptor potential(TRPC)regulating non-voltage-gated cation entry in plasma-membrane is widely expressed in cardiovascular system. Cytosolic Ca2+takes charge of multifunctional biogenic activities and its stabilization is criti?cal for physiological function. Almost all TRPC channels are non-selectively permeable for Ca2+. Overexpression or transgenation of TRPC leading to the change of Ca2+may contribute to fundamental malfunctions and engage in the physiological and pathophysiological processes of some diseases. Evidence suggests that regulation of TRPC channels plays important roles in the development of hyperten?sion,pulmonary arterial hypertension,cardiac hypertrophy,atherosclerosis,and arrhythmia. This review gives an overview of the functional properties of mammalian TRPC channels,describes their roles in cardiovascular diseases and discusses their potential as drug targets for therapeutic intervention.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the prevalence, current treatment, and clinical characteristics of asthma, as well as the risk factors for this disease, among children aged 0-14 years in 2010 in urban Zhongshan, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 10 336 children aged 0-14 years were selected from urban Zhongshan by cluster random sampling. The Third National Childhood Asthma Epidemiological Questionnaire 2010 was used to analyze the prevalence, current treatment, and clinical characteristics of childhood asthma, as well as the risk factors for this disease.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Asthma was diagnosed in 179 cases (1.73%). The prevalence of asthma in male children was significantly higher than that in female children (2.25% vs 1.16%; P<0.01). Of the 179 patients, severe attacks were common in 104 cases (58.1%), 110 cases (61.5%) had slow onset, 102 cases (57.0%) had gradually relieved conditions, 61 cases (34.1%) suffered from asthma during seasonal transition, and 150 cases (83.8%) developed asthma due to respiratory tract infection. Among all asthmatic children, 71.5% had been treated with inhaled corticosteroids, and 71.5% had been treated with bronchodilator. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a history of penicillin allergy, a family history of allergy, food allergy, eczema, allergic rhinitis, cesarean delivery, family mould, and perinatal passive smoking were independent risk factors for childhood asthma.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The prevalence of childhood asthma in urban Zhongshan is on a high level, and is associated with gender. The treatment of asthma has been standardized, but still needs further improvement. The onset of asthma attack is influenced by various factors.</p>
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Adolescent , Enfant , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Femelle , Humains , Nourrisson , Nouveau-né , Mâle , Asthme , Épidémiologie , Chine , Épidémiologie , Facteurs de risque , Saisons , Facteurs tempsRésumé
Objective To establish a new RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of chlorogenic acid,forsythin, and baicalin in shuanghuanglian powder for injection after ultrasonic atomization. Methods Hypersil ODS2 C18(250 mmí4. 6 mm,5 μm) was used as the chromatographic column. The mobile phase was methanol-0. 2% phosphate acid solution (4060). Flow rate was 1. 0 mL·min-1 . Sample volume was 5μL. Column temperature was 30℃. Detection wavelength was 324 nm at 0-10 min and 277 nm at 10-25 min. Results Contents of chlorogenic acid,forsythin, and baicalin had good linear relationship with the respective peak area (r≥0. 999 7) within the scope of the sample volume. The RSD was <2% for precision, reproducibility, and stability. Recovery rate was 98. 50%-101. 12% (n=6). Conclusion The method is rapid, accurate and reproducible, with high resolution. It can determine the content of three kinds of components at the same time. The three components in shuanghuanglian powder for injection did not change significantly before and after ultrasonic atomization.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the incidence of wheezing and chronic cough in children aged 3-14 years in different living areas of Zhongshan, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>According to the unified program of the 2010 national epidemiological survey of asthmatic children aged 0-14 years, a questionnaire survey of the children aged 3-14 years in rural and urban areas of Zhongshan was conducted.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 15 763 children were included in the survey. Among all participants, 8 248 were from the urban area, and 7 515 from the rual area; 8 306 were boys, and 7 457 were girls. The percentage of children with a history of wheezing was significantly higher in the urban group than in the rural group (6.6% vs 3.2%; P<0.05), and it was significantly higher in boys than in girls for each group (P<0.05). The urban group had a significantly higher percentage of individuals who had wheezing in the past one year than the rural group (2.8% vs 1.5%; P<0.05), and this percentage was significantly higher in boys than in girls for each group (P<0.05). Compared with the rural group, the urban group had a significantly higher percentage of individuals who had chronic cough (duration 1 year) (7.9% vs 3.1%; P<0.05). The above indices were relatively high in children under 6 years of age, and all but the percentage of girls who had wheezing in the past one year in both rural and urban areas showed significant differences between all age groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The incidence of wheezing and chronic cough varies with age, sex, and living area for children aged 3-14 years in Zhongshan, and it is relatively high under 6 years of age, in the urban area, and among boys.</p>
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Adolescent , Enfant , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Chine , Épidémiologie , Maladie chronique , Toux , Épidémiologie , Incidence , Bruits respiratoires , Enquêtes et questionnairesRésumé
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the methods and therapeutic efficacy of restitution combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for treating osteoporosis vertebral compression fracture (OVCF).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Recruited were 132 senile patients with OVCF who were willing to receive minimally invasive therapy were assigned to the comprehensive treatment group and the percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) group. The 89 vertebral bodies in the 68 cases of the comprehensive treatment group received restitution combined with PVP, while the 81 vertebral bodies in the 64 cases of the control PKP group received PKP alone. All patients completed the follow-ups for more than 3 years. The therapeutic efficacy was assessed using visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), Cobb's angle, the height ratios of the diseased vertebral anterior edge and middle edge. The operation time for a single centrum, the perspective time during the operation, the incidence of bone cement leakage, the injection rate of the bone cement, the cost of hospitalization, and the hospital days were compared between t he comprehensive treatment group and the PKP group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with before treatment in the same group, the VAS and ODI were significantly lower, the height ratios of the diseased vertebral anterior edge and middle edge, and the Cobb's angle were obviously improved in the two groups, showing statistical difference (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the aforesaid indices between the two groups after treatment at the same time point (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of bone cement leakage, th e injection rate of the bone cement, or the hospital days between the two groups (P > 0.05). But the operation time f or individual vertebral body, the perspective time during the operation, and the cost of hospitalization were obviously less in the comprehensive treatment group than in the PKP group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Restitution combined PVP could achieve the same therapeutic efficacy as that of the PKP. It could effectively restore the diseased vertebral height and correct the spinal kyphosis. Besides, there was no statistical difference in the incidence of bone cement leakage.</p>
Sujets)
Sujet âgé , Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Fractures par compression , Thérapeutique , Cyphoplastie , Médecine traditionnelle chinoise , Méthodes , Ostéoporose , Posture , Fractures du rachis , Thérapeutique , Vertébroplastie , MéthodesRésumé
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the roles of the residential environment and eating habits in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma in school children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and twenty-nine children between 6-12 years who were diagnosed with asthma were enrolled. Two hundred and fifty-eight healthy age- and gender-matched children were used as the control group. A questionaire which included 23 factors related to respiratory tract anaphylactic diseases such as residential environment and eating habits were completed by the children's parents.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Logistic regression analysis showed that 6 variances out of 16 agents of the residential environment, the experience of raising pets, the type of floor, the type of pillow, the type of quilts, the heating equipments and the house area, were entered into the regression equation; none of the 7 variances of eating inhabits was entered into it.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The residential environment plays an impotent role in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma in children. The incidence of bronchial asthma in children can be reduced by the improvement of the residential environment.</p>
Sujets)
Enfant , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Asthme , Études cas-témoins , Modèles logistiques , Facteurs de risqueRésumé
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Study on the moisture sorption process characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine extract powder, to establish a mathematical model, provide a new method for in-depth study for moisture sorption behavior of traditional Chinese medicine extract powder and a reference for determine the production cycle, and predict product stability.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Analyzed moisture absorption process of traditional Chinese medicine extract powder by utilized the law of conservation of mass and Fick's first law to establish the double exponential absorption model, fitted the moisture absorption data and compared with other commonly used five kinds of model to estimate the double-exponential absorption model.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The statistical analysis showed that the coefficient of determination (R2) of double exponential model, Weibull distribution model and first order kinetics model were large, but the residues sum of squares (RSS) and AIC values were small. Synthesized the practical application meaning, we consided that the double exponential model was more suitable for simulating the process of Chinese medicine extract powder moisture absorption.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The double exponential is suitable for characterization the process of traditional Chinese medicine extract moisture absorption.</p>