Application of cell culture techniques in cultured meat-a review / 生物工程学报

As one of the top 10 breakthrough and emerging technologies in the world in 2018, cultured meat has attracted extensive attention due to its advantages of traceable origin, food safety and green sustainable development. Europe and the United States have invested a lot of resources to focus on research about cultured meat, which will affect our domestic meat and food market in the future. At present, the challenge of cultured meat production is how to efficiently simulate the growth environment of animal muscle tissue and realize large-scale production in bioreactor. Although cell tissue engineering has been deeply studied and achieved varying successful application, it is still difficult to obtain large-scale cultured meat production due to the high cost and technical requirements. Therefore, the development of efficient and safe cell culture technology is an urgent problem for large-scale cultured meat production, which can effectively reduce costs and achieve industrial application. In this review, we summarize the research progress of animal cell tissue culture technology used for cultured meat, and highlighted the current challenges and possible strategies in further applications.

Effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in rat model of congestive heart failure / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in rat model with congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods The model of CHF in male Sprague-Dawley rat was established using subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol. The rats were randomized into model group (n = 10),angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) group ( n=10) and IGF- 1 group ( n = 10). The rats injected with saline were used as normal controls (n=10). The haemodynamic parameters of rats in each group were detected. The concentration of plasma angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ ) and expression of ICAM-1 in rat myocardium were determined by radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemistry,respectively. Results Compared with model group, ACEI and IGF-1 could rescue the diversities of hemodynamic parameters. In addition, ACEI and IGF-1 could also significantly down-regulated concentration of plasma Ang Ⅱ and inhibited ICAM-1 expression. Compared with ACEI, IGF-1 more significantly inhibited ICAM-I expression (0. 804 ± 0. 024 vs. 1. 254 ± 0. 059) and down-regulated concentration of plasma AngⅡ [(369.2±65.0) μg/L vs. (384.4±56.2) μg/L]. Conclusions IGF-1 can suppress ICAM-1 expression in rat model with CHF induced by isoproterenol. This effect may be related to inhibiting activation of RAS system.

Immunosensor Based on Immobilizing Antibody of Aflatoxin B_1 Using Silica Sol-Gel Technology / 分析化学

In the presence of hydrochloric acid, tetraethoxysilicane was hydrolyzed and formed silica sol. Non-labeled immunosensor was fabricated by droping the mixture solution of the silica sol and antibody of aflatoxin B_1 on the surface of glassy carbon electrode. In this work, a Fe(CN)_6~(3-/4-) phosphate buffer solution) was employed as base solution for investigating cyclic voltammetry(CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic(EIS) performances of the sensor, respectively. The experimental results t indicated that because of the complex formed by the immunoreaction hindered the diffusion of Fe(CN)_6~(3-/4-) on the electrode surface, the redox peak current of the immunosensor in CV obviously decreased, and its electron transfer impedance linearly) increased with increasing the concentration of aflantoxin B_1(AFB). When the medium acidit and incubation) time were pH 6.5 and 20 min, respectively, the biggest electron transfer impedance changed value before and after the immunoreaction was obtained. Under the optimal conditions, a linear range to concentration of aflatoxin B_1 was 1-10 μg/L with a detection limit of 0.1 μg/L(S/N=3). Proposed method is of high sensitivity and stability, it has been successfully applied to determine AFB_1 in maize, rice and peanut.

Influence of Acupuncture on Cephalic Acupuncture Points Region Over the Brain-stem Evoked Potential of Patients Suffering Insufficient Blood-Supply of Vertebral Basilar Artery / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective From the angle of electrophysiology, go further into the mechanism of action of acupuncture treatment to the insufficient blood-supply of vertebral basilar artery and at the same time, make a comparison of the effects between the acupuncture on cephalic meridian points and zonation cephalic acupuncture. Methods Through the contrast before and after adopting the self-acupuncture on the testees of 28 cases (including healthy persons of seven cases and TIA patients of 21 cases), observe the change of immediate effect of all waves latent period values of BAEP. Results The BAEP wave latent period of healthy persons (exclusive of I wave of auditory fainting region) assumes a relative delay within the physiological range and by comparison between points and region, the delay of V-wave Baihui point is evidently higher than that of auditory fainting region. However, the latent period of all waves of TIA patients is relatively moved up, especially there are evident differences before and after the I-wave acupuncture is carried out. Viewing from the comparison between points and region, there is no significant difference. Conclusion The function of acupuncture lies in the adjustment of antagonistic body state and it is most effective under the pathological state. Acupuncture will play the main role of excitation to the auditory nerve conduction of BAEP of TIA patients (from cochlea to midbrain) and the influence over the peripheral nerves is more sensitive than over the center ones. Although points and region have their own relative specificities, there is no significant difference between them.

Desensitization of nicotinic receptors / 中国药理学通报

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, a ligand-gated ion c hannels,mediates many important physiological processes. Chronic nicotine admini stration could desensitize nicotinic receptors. Many factors which modulate dese nsitization have been described, including different subunits, agonist, signal t ransduction and cellular microenivornment. The important physiological functions of desensitized receptors still remain controversial, may be modulate synaptic transmission,synapse plasticity and mediate self-protection.

Mechanism of delaying aging process with optimal stress / 中国行为医学科学

Objective　 To study the mechanism of delaying aging process under optimal stress . Methods　 Kunming mice swam at the 18℃ water temperature for 15min everyday based upon the model of aging mice induced by D-galactose .After six weeks continuously , the ability of memory and learning , the contents of SOD and MDA were measured, at the same time ,the mitochondria membranous fluidity ,MDA's contents in mitochondria and the activity of ATPase in hippocampus were also determined.Results　 In the aging mice, a significant reduction of learning and memory ability was observed, the contents of SOD decreased , but MDA contents increased markedly, we also found a obvious declining at the ATPase activity and the fluidity of mitochondria membrane . But the optimal swimming stress could effectually antagonize the above-mentioned changes . Conclusions　 The optimal swimming stress could delay the aging process by regulating the balance between the oxidant system and the antioxidant system.