Post-translational Modifications of PML in Regulating the Functions of Nuclear Bodies --Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Abstract　　The promyelocytic leukemia (PML) gene encoded PML protein as a tumor suppressor protein, plays important roles in the occurrence and development of various cancers including acute promyelocytic leukemia. Recent studies have indicated that there are a variety of post-translational modifications of the PML protein, such as SUMOylation, ubiquitination, phosphorylation, and acetylation in cells. These modifications of the PML protein can directly affect the formation of PML nuclear bodies (PML-NBs), repair DNA damage, and modulate cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the abnormal modifications of PML not only result in the occurrence of hematopoietic tumors, but also are closely related to the drug-resistance of cancer. Therefore, investigating the post-translational modifications of PML is significant to uncover the mechanism of formation and functions of PML-NBs, thus contributing to the prevention and treatment of related hematopoietic tumors. In this review, the characteristics of the post-translational modifications of PML protein and the relationship between these modifications and functions of PML-NBs are summarized so as to provide the potential targets for the treatment of related cancers.

Role of P2X4 receptor,a subtype of ionotropic purinoceptors, in central nervous system and its potential role as a drug target for treating neurological disorders / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

Adenosine 5-triphosphate is not only the source of cellular energy,but also the extracel-lular signal molecule that binds two different classes of ATP receptors:ionotropic P2X receptors and G-protein-coupled P2Y receptors.P2X4 receptor is one of the ionotropic P2X receptors widely expressed in the central nervous system(CNS).This subtype of the ionotropic P2X receptor is implicated in many physiological and pathological functions in the CNS, including chronic pain, alcohol abuse, seizures, Alzheimer′s and Parkinson′s diseases,and stroke.Therefore,P2X4 receptor has attracted attention as a promising drug target.Here,we review the findings of research or the physiological and pathological functions of P2X4 in the CNS. Recent progress in the development of new pharmacological agents of P2X4,such as selective antagonists,is also presented here.