Photothermal Effect-based Cytotoxic Ability of Melanin from Shells to Heal Wounds Infected with Drug-resistant Bacteria / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#Owing to antibiotic abuse and the subsequent development of antibiotic resistance, bacterial infection has become one of the most persistent unresolved problems. New antibacterial agents, especially those that are environmental-friendly, are urgently needed.@*Methods@#Melanin extracted by filtration centrifugation and acid and proteolytic hydrolysis was characterized using UV, FTIR, TEM, and XPS. Photothermal conversion was calculated, and the bacteriostatic effects, and , were assessed by plate counting and ratios (%) of wound areas.@*Results@#Natural melanin hydrolyzed by trypsin had good photothermal conversion effects, which resulted in superior bacteriostatic activities. The extracted melanin along with laser NIR irradiation at 808 nm promoted the healing of wounds infected by drug-resistant bacteria and was biocompatible according to toxicity tests and .@*Conclusion@#The present findings indicated a safe and efficient method of developing natural antibacterial agents.

Catharmus tinctorius volatile oil promote the migration of mesenchymal stem cells via ROCK2/Myosin light chain signaling / 中国天然药物

MSC transplantation has been explored as a new clinical approach to stem cell-based therapies for bone diseases in regenerative medicine due to their osteogenic capability. However, only a small population of implanted MSC could successfully reach the injured areas. Therefore, enhancing MSC migration could be a beneficial strategy to improve the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation. Catharmus tinctorius volatile oil (CTVO) was found to facilitate MSC migration. Further exploration of the underlying molecular mechanism participating in the pro-migratory ability may provide a novel strategy to improve MSC transplantation efficacy. This study indicated that CTVO promotes MSC migration through enhancing ROCK2 mRNA and protein expressions. MSC migration induced by CTVO was blunted by ROCK2 inhibitor, which also decreased myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation. Meanwhile, the siRNA for ROCK2 inhibited the effect of CTVO on MSC migration ability and attenuated MLC phosphorylation, suggesting that CTVO may promote BMSC migration via the ROCK2/MLC signaling. Taken together, this study indicates that C. tinctorius volatile oil could enhance MSC migration via ROCK2/MLC signaling in vitro. C. tinctorius volatile oil-targeted therapy could be a beneficial strategy to improve the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation for bone diseases in regenerative medicine.

Summarize drug dosage forms in treatment of age-related macular degeneration disease / 中国中药杂志

In this review, the authors summarized the drugs in treatment of the age-related macular degeneration (AMD or ARMD), including the pathogenesis of the age-related macular degeneration at home and abroad, dosage forms used in the treatment, and the drugs research and development directions in the future. AMD disease is the third largest blinding diseases all over the world, with an incidence of 6.62%. The dosage form of the traditional medicine is mostly oral formulations, playing a role in body, while the newly dosage form is topical drug delivery formulation. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has certain advantages in the treatment of AMD disease and the development of topical drug delivery preparations with newly preparation technologies would have a very bright prospect in the future.

Effect of shugan jianpi bushen recipe on splenic T lymphocytes and virus load in hepatitis B virus transgenic mice / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Shugan Jianpi Bushen Recipe (SJBR) on the splenic T lymphocytes and virus load in the hepatitis B virus (HBV) transgenic (Tg) mice, and to study its antiviral efficacy and mechanisms of action.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty male BALB/C mice of SPF grade were included. Ten non-HBV Tg male mice were included as the normal control group. Fifty HBV Tg mice were randomly divided into five groups, i. e., the model group, the adefovir (ADV) group, the low dose SJBR group, the middle dose SJBR group, and the high dose SJBR group, ten in each. 10, 20, and 40 g/kg SJBR crude drug was respectively given by gastro-gavage to mice in the low dose SJBR group, the middle dose SJBR group, and the high dose SJBR group. ADV 50 mg/kg body weight was given by gastrogavage to mice in the ADV group. Equal volume of sterilized iso-osmia was given to mice in the normal group and the model group. The medication was performed once daily, totally for 21 successive days. The serum HBV DNA titers of HBV Tg mice were detected using Real-time fluorescent PCR one day before administration (T0), ten days after administration (T1), 21 days after administration (T2), and three days after withdrawal (T3), respectively; the serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) of HBV Tg mice on T3 was detected by ELISA. The splenic T lymphocyte percent of all mice was detected by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Serum HBsAg at TO was positive in the high-, middle-, low-dose SJBR, and ADV groups. The HBsAg negative rate at T3 was lower in the high dose SJBR group than in the ADV group, showing statistical difference (P<0.01). Compared with TO of the same group, the serum HBV DNA titers could be continually decreased by high dose SJBR, showing statistical difference (P<0.01). The serum HBV DNA titers also gradually decreased in the ADV group (P<0.01), but it somewhat increased at T3. The CD3+ cell percent could be elevated by high-, middle-, low-dose SJBR, and ADV groups (P<0.05, P<0.01). The CD8+ T cell percent could also be obviously lowered by high-, middle-, and low-dose SJBR (P<0.01). Compared with the middle-, low-dose SJBR, and ADV groups, the CD4+ T cell percent and CD4+/CD8+ increased as well as CD8+ decreased in the high dose SJBR group, showing statistical difference (P<0.01). The CD3+ T cell percent was significantly positively correlated to the decrement of HBV DNA titers between the pre-treatment and post-treatment in the middle dose SJBR group (r=0.654, P<0.05). The percents of CD4+, CD8+ T cells and CD4+/CD8+ were significantly positively correlated to the decrement of HBV DNA titers between the pre-treatment and post-treatment in the high dose SJBR group (r=0.53, r=0.79, r =0.80, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>SJBR were capable of inhibiting the HBV DNA duplication of HBV Tg mice. One of its anti-HBV mechanisms possibly be improving the the abnormality of T lymphocyte subsets and the immune function.</p>