Effects of protein powder on the bioavailability of perfluoroalkyl substances in rat kidney / 预防医学

Objective@#To explore the effects of protein powder on the bioavailability of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in blood and kidneys of rats and renal function change.@*Methods@#Twenty-four rats of the SD strain were randomly divided into the negative control group, PFASs group and protein powder group, with 8 rats (half males and half females) in each group. PFASs included 13 perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) and 8 perfluorosulfonic acids (PFSAs), and the mixture was used as a test subject for intervention. The rats in the negative control group were given deionized water at doses of 20 mL/kg·bw, in the PFASs group were given 5 mL/kg·bw of PFASs mixtures and 15 mL/kg·bw of deionized water, and in the protein powder group were given 5 mL/kg·bw of PFASs mixtures and 15 mL/kg·bw of protein powder (0.258 g/mL). After intervention for 28 successive days, body weight and kidney mass were weighed, and the kidney volume index was calculated. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were detected by an automatic biochemical analyzer. The PFCAs, PFSAs and PFASs contents were quantified in blood and kidney using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry, and the bioavailability was estimated.@*Results@#There was no significant differences in kidney mass, kidney volume index, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen among the negative control group, PFASs group and protein powder group (all P>0.05). The bioavailability of blood PFCAs, PFSAs and PFASs in the protein powder group was not significantly different from the PFASs group (all P>0.05). Compared with the PFASs group, the bioavailability of PFCAs, PFSAs and PFASs were significantly increased in kidneys of male rats in the protein powder group (all P<0.05), while were not significant different in those of female rats (all P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#Protein powder at the dose of this study can significantly improve the bioavailability of PFASs in kidneys of male rats, while there no obvious effects on the bioavailability of blood PFASs and renal function.

Application value of the aortic dissection detection risk score plus D-dimer for the early diagnosis of acute aortic dissection / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the application value of aortic dissection detection risk score (ADD-RS) combined with D-dimer (DD) in the early diagnosis of acute aortic dissection (AAD).Methods:The clinical data of 70 patients with suspected aortic dissection detection admitted to The Second Hospital of Jiaxing from August 2019 to April 2020 were collected. All patients were scored using the ADD-RS, and grouped according to the scoring results. The sensitivity and specificity of ADD-RS plus DD in the early diagnosis of AAD were calculated. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves that were plotted for drADD-RS plus DD versus DD alone to screen AAD were compared to evaluate efficacy. Results:CT angiography results showed that among 70 patients with suspected AAD, 29 patients had AAD and 41 patients had no AAD. A total of 21 patients were scored 0, 41 patients were scored > 1, and 8 patients were scored > 0. ADD-RS > 0 had an overall sensitivity of 79.31% and a specificity of 36.59% for AAD diagnosis. DD test results had an overall sensitivity of 86.20% and a specificity of 36.50% for AAD diagnosis. The area under the ROC curve of ADD-RS = 0 plus DD-negative result and the area under the ROC curve of DD-negative result alone in ruling out AAD were 0.885 with 95% CI (0.786-0.949) and 0.787 with 95% CI (0.673-0.876), respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P = 0.024). Conclusion:Compared with DD-negative result alone, the ADD-RS = 0 plus DD-negative result strategy offers greater specificity to rule out AAD. The combined strategy has a greater efficacy in ruling out AAD. However, a multi-center study involving a large sample is required for in-depth evaluation.

Expert consensus on off-label drug use in the three Northeastern provinces of China（solid tumors and hematology） / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To provide theoretical basis for the rational use of drugs in medical institutions， assist in improving the quality of pharmaceutical services， and thus meet clinical drug demands. METHODS Adopting consensus meetings， Liaoning Pharmaceutical Association，Jilin Pharmaceutical Association and Heilongjiang Pharmaceutical Association collaborated with clinical and pharmaceutical experts in the region to compile the expert consensus on off-label drug use in the three Northeastern provinces of China after many votes and discussions by collecting and collating the information related to off-label drug use in medical institutions from the three northeastern provinces of China，and referring to and citing off-label drug use stated in some expert consensus and medication catalog. RESULTS Finally， a total of 198 pieces of off-label drug use information for 70 drugs were included in the two sections of solid tumors and hematological diseases in Consensus of Experts on Drug Use beyond the Instructions in the Three Provinces of Northeast China. CONCLUSIONS Consensus of Experts on Off-label Drug Use in the Three Northeastern Provinces of Northeast China （solid tumors and hematology）offers a theoretical foundation for rational drug use in the treatment of solid tumors and hematological diseases within medical institutions，and has a positive significance in improving the effectiveness and safety of drug treatment.

The role and advantage of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 / 中西医结合学报

The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a massive impact on global social and economic development and human health. By combining traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with modern medicine, the Chinese government has protected public health by supporting all phases of COVID-19 prevention and treatment, including community prevention, clinical treatment, control of disease progression, and promotion of recovery. Modern medicine focuses on viruses, while TCM focuses on differential diagnosis of patterns associated with viral infection of the body and recommends the use of TCM decoctions for differential treatment. This differential diagnosis and treatment approach, with its profoundly empirical nature and holistic view, endows TCM with an accessibility advantage and high application value for dealing with COVID-19. Here, we summarize the advantage of and evidence for TCM use in COVID-19 prevention and treatment to draw attention to the scientific value and accessibility advantage of TCM and to promote the use of TCM in response to public health emergencies. Please cite this article as: Huang M, Liu YY, Xiong K, Yang FW, Jin XY, Wang ZQ, Zhang JH, Zhang BL. The role and advantage of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. J Integr Med. 2023; 21(5): 407-412.

Evaluation of the early diagnostic and prognostic value of miR-424 in children with sepsis complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To measure the predictive value of miR-424 on the risk of sepsis complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS), and to explore its correlation with the prognosis of ARDS children.Methods:A prospective study was conducted.The data of children with sepsis (some complicated with ARDS), who were treated in Henan Provincial People′s Hospital (People′s Hospital, Zhengzhou University) were collected from February 2020 to February 2021.The incidence of ARDS and the fatality rate of ARDS children were recorded.Children were divided into survival group and death group according to whether death or not.The expression of miR-424 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Pearson correlation analysis was made to investigate the relationship between the expression level of miR-424 and Pediatric Critical Illness Score(PCIS), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA) score, oxygenation index(P/F ratio), C-reactive protein(CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 8 (IL-8). The factors affecting the prognosis of ARDS children were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was used to assess the accuracy of miR-424 in early diagnosis of sepsis complicated with ARDS, and to measure the predicative value of miR-424 on the risk of death in sepsis patients with ARDS. Results:A total of 121 sepsis patients were included in this study, and 36 cases of them were complicated with ARDS.The expression level of miR-424(0.56±0.17)in the blood of sepsis patients complicated with ARDS was significantly lower than that of sepsis patients without ARDS (0.98±0.26)( t=8.776, P<0.001). The expression of miR-424 was negatively co-rrelated with IL-6( r=-0.627, P<0.01), IL-8 ( r=-0.651, P<0.01) and CRP( r=-0.472, P<0.05)in sepsis patients with ARDS.The expression of miR-424 was positively correlated with PCIS score( r=0.330, P<0.05), P/F ratio ( r=0.592, P<0.001) and albumin ( r=0.496, P<0.05) in sepsis patients with ARDS.The ROC showed that miR-424 [area under curve(AUC)=0.908, 95% CI: 0.856-0.960] could differentiate sepsis patients with ARDS from those without ARDS.Compared with that of the survival group(0.63±0.15), miR-424 of the death group decreased significantly(0.42±0.14)( t=3.890, P<0.05). The decreased miR-424 (AUC=0.845, 95% CI: 0.696-0.995)indicated an increased risk of death in children with ARDS.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that miR-424( OR=0.001, P=0.033)and albumin ( OR=0.553, P=0.040) were independent risk factors for death in ARDS children. Conclusions:miR-424 can help with early diagnosis of sepsis complicated with ARDS, and can be used as a predictor of the prognosis of sepsis children complicated with ARDS.

Evaluation of the early diagnostic and prognostic value of miR-424 in children with sepsis complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To measure the predictive value of miR-424 on the risk of sepsis complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS), and to explore its correlation with the prognosis of ARDS children.Methods:A prospective study was conducted.The data of children with sepsis (some complicated with ARDS), who were treated in Henan Provincial People′s Hospital (People′s Hospital, Zhengzhou University) were collected from February 2020 to February 2021.The incidence of ARDS and the fatality rate of ARDS children were recorded.Children were divided into survival group and death group according to whether death or not.The expression of miR-424 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Pearson correlation analysis was made to investigate the relationship between the expression level of miR-424 and Pediatric Critical Illness Score(PCIS), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA) score, oxygenation index(P/F ratio), C-reactive protein(CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 8 (IL-8). The factors affecting the prognosis of ARDS children were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was used to assess the accuracy of miR-424 in early diagnosis of sepsis complicated with ARDS, and to measure the predicative value of miR-424 on the risk of death in sepsis patients with ARDS. Results:A total of 121 sepsis patients were included in this study, and 36 cases of them were complicated with ARDS.The expression level of miR-424(0.56±0.17)in the blood of sepsis patients complicated with ARDS was significantly lower than that of sepsis patients without ARDS (0.98±0.26)( t=8.776, P<0.001). The expression of miR-424 was negatively co-rrelated with IL-6( r=-0.627, P<0.01), IL-8 ( r=-0.651, P<0.01) and CRP( r=-0.472, P<0.05)in sepsis patients with ARDS.The expression of miR-424 was positively correlated with PCIS score( r=0.330, P<0.05), P/F ratio ( r=0.592, P<0.001) and albumin ( r=0.496, P<0.05) in sepsis patients with ARDS.The ROC showed that miR-424 [area under curve(AUC)=0.908, 95% CI: 0.856-0.960] could differentiate sepsis patients with ARDS from those without ARDS.Compared with that of the survival group(0.63±0.15), miR-424 of the death group decreased significantly(0.42±0.14)( t=3.890, P<0.05). The decreased miR-424 (AUC=0.845, 95% CI: 0.696-0.995)indicated an increased risk of death in children with ARDS.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that miR-424( OR=0.001, P=0.033)and albumin ( OR=0.553, P=0.040) were independent risk factors for death in ARDS children. Conclusions:miR-424 can help with early diagnosis of sepsis complicated with ARDS, and can be used as a predictor of the prognosis of sepsis children complicated with ARDS.

Differential analysis of different study types in clinical safety evaluation of Xuebijing Injection / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to comprehensively analyze and compare the differences of different clinical study types currently published in the safety evaluation of Xuebijing Injection. Six databases, namely the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang database, were electronically retrieved to collect all types of studies on the safety of Xuebijing Injection, including randomized controlled trials, case-controlled studies, cohort studies, systematic reviews, and centralized monitoring studies of clinical safety(hospital), in order to comprehensively and objectively evaluate the safety of Xuebijing Injection, and analyze the differences of different research results. A total of 211 literatures were included, involving a total of 46 384 patients treated with Xuebijing Injection, and 423 adverse reactions(ADRs) occurred. They included 191 randomized controlled trials, 3 cohort studies, 15 systematic reviews, and 2 centralized monitoring studies of clinical safety(hospital), and the incidence of adverse reactions was 2.54%(common), 2.31%(common), 0.95%(occasionally), and 0.50%(occasionally). More than half of the 423 cases of ADRs occurred in skin and adnexal system(151 cases) and gastrointestinal system(65 cases), including such manifestations as rash, skin itching, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea. The degree of ADRs was mild. Randomized controlled trials showed that the incidence of ADR was the highest when Xuebijing Injection was used for malignant tumor and multiple organ failure. And the systematic evaluation showed that the incidence of ADR was the highest when Xuebijing Injection was used for spontaneous peritonitis of liver cirrhosis. In conclusion, different study types could lead to significant differences in the results of drug safety evaluation. Sample size, study type, and quality control are the main factors for biased results. Due to large sample size and high-quality, centralized monitoring studies become the better clinical safety evaluation model of drugs at present, and full life cycle management could more objectively reflect drug safety and guide clinical rational drug use.

Systematic review of efficacy and safety of Compound Danshen Injection combined with Western medicine in treatment of vascular dementia / 中国中药杂志

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Compound Danshen Injection combined with Western medicine in the treatment of vascular dementia. Databases of Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, CNKI, SinoMed, VIP, Wanfang Data were electronically retrieved for collecting randomized controlled trial(RCT)about vascular dementia treated with Western medicine alone or combined with Compound Danshen Injection from the year of database establishment to January 2020. Two researchers independently screened out li-teratures, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias for inclusion in the study. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software. A total of 5 RCTs were included, involving 588 patients, with 299 in treatment group and 289 in control group. Meta-analysis results showed that compared with Western medicine alone, Compound Danshen Injection combined with Western medicine was better in the effective rate(RR=1.23,95%CI[1.14,1.33],P<0.000 01), MMSE score(MD=3.54,95%CI[3.01,4.06],P<0.000 01), ADL score(MD=11.49,95%CI[8.05,14.93],P<0.000 01), the level of CRP(MD=-0.72,95%CI[-1.25,-0.20],P=0.007) and the level of IL-6(MD=-7.64,95%CI[-9.65,-5.63],P<0.000 01). Adverse reactions mainly included rash and skin prick, which did not affect the treatment effect. Based on the findings, the combination of Compound Danshen Injection in the treatment of vascular dementia could improve the effective rates, relieve the mental state damage and improve the daily living ability, with mild adverse reactions and a low incidence. However, due to the low quality of the included literatures, high-quality and large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed for further verification.

Systematic evaluation on efficacy and safety of Gingko Ketone Ester Dropping Pills in treatment of angina pectoris and coronary heart disease / 中国中药杂志

To systemically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Gingko Ketone Ester Dropping Pills in treating angina pectoris and co-ronary heart disease. CNKI, Wanfang, SinoMed, PubMed, Cochrane Library and EMbase databases were retrieved on computer, and the randomized clinical trial(RCT) on Gingko Ketone Ester Dropping Pills in treating angina pectoris and coronary heart disease, which were published from the database establishment to December 31, 2019, were comprehensively collected. Literature screening, data extraction and quality evaluation were conducted independently by two researchers according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Literature methodology quality evaluation was conducted with use of the Cochrane Handbook 5.3.0(bias risk assessment tool). Meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3.0 software. A total of 10 RCTs were included. The results of the Meta-analysis showed that as compared with conventional Western medicine alone, the application of Gingko Ketone Ester Dropping Pills combined with conventional Western medicine treatment further improved the total effective rate and electrocardiogram effect(RR=1.43,95%CI[1.20,1.71],P<0.000 1). There were statistically significant differences in the number of angina attacks, the duration of angina and the amount of nitroglycerin used. In terms of safety indicators, four studies reported adverse reactions in the experimental group, including facial flu-shing, tachycardia, dizziness, dyspnea, nausea and other symptoms. Based on the existing findings, in the treatment of angina pectoris and coronary heart disease, Gingko Ketone Ester Dropping Pills combined with conventional Western medicine can improve the clinical total effective rate, electrocardiogram effect, number of angina attacks, duration of angina and the amount of nitroglycerin used. However, in the included studies, due to some methodological quality problems which would impact the reliability of literature results more high-quality randomized controlled trials are still needed for further verification.

Application of immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutant / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene is one of the most common driving genes in non-small cell lung cancer patients, and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been controversial in the clinical application of non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutant. The expression abundance of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an important predictor to guide the application of ICIs, and EGFR mutations may affect PD-L1 expression in tumor cells. Recent clinical studies have pointed out that the single drug of ICIs is not effective in patients with EGFR mutation, however, the combination of ICIs combined with chemotherapy and the four drugs proposed in the IMpower150 trial show good clinical benefits. In addition, the safety of ICIs and epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) combination model needs to be further clarified.

Analysis on clinical study protocols of traditional Chinese medicine for coronavirus disease 2019 / 中国中药杂志

To analyze the registered clinical trial protocols of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for the prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), in order to provide information for improving the quality of research design. The website of the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(www.chictr.org.cn) and the American Clinical Trial Registry(clinicaltrials.gov) were searched to collect protocols of TCM for COVID-19. Documents were screened following the inclusion criteria, and data were extracted in regard to registration date, study objective, type of design, sponsor, patient, sample size, intervention, and evaluation index. Descriptive analysis was conducted. A total of 49 clinical trial protocols of TCM for COVID-19 were included. Primary sponsors were mainly hospitals or universities in places like Hubei, Beijing, Zhejiang and other regions. The implementation units are mainly in Hubei, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Henan and other regional hospitals. The types of study design were mainly experimental studies(40), including 30 randomized parallel controlled trials, 7 non-randomized controlled trials, 2 single arm trials and 1 consecutively recruited trial; besides, there were also 6 observational studies, 2 health service studies and 1 preventive study. The sample size reached a total of 30 562 cases, with a maximum of 20 000 for a single study and a minimum of 30. The 49 trials subjects included healthy people(3), isolation and observation cases(1), suspected cases(10),confirmed COVID-19 patients(31) and COVID-19 recovery patients(4). Of the 31 trials planned to include confirmed COVID-19 patients, 16 protocols no definite disease classification, 3 with a clear exclusion of severe subjects, 4 with common subjects, 2 with light, common or severe subjects, 1 with light and common subjects, 1 with common or severe subjects, 3 with severe subjects, and 1 with severe or critical subjects. The experimental interventions included Chinese patent medicine(Lianhua Qingwen Capsules/Granules, Huoxiang Zhengqi Dropping Pills/Oral Liquid, Babao Dan, Gubiao Jiedu Ling, Jinhao Jiere Granules, Compound Yu-xingcao Mixture, Jinye Baidu Granules, Shufeng Jiedu Capsuless, Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid, Tanreqing Injection, Xuebijing Injection, Reduning Injection, Xiyanping Injection), Chinese medicinal decoction and taichi. The primary evaluation outcomes mainly included antipyretic time, clinical symptom relief, novel coronavirus nucleic acid turning to negative, conversion rate of severe cases and chest CT. There was a quick response of clinical research on the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 with TCM, with the current registered protocols covers the whole process of disease prevention, treatment and rehabilitation. However, issues need to be concerned, including unclear definition of patient's condition, unclear research objectives, unclear intervention process and inappropriate outcomes, etc. In addition, researchers should consider the actual difficulties and workload of doctors in epidemic response environment, and make effort to optimize the process and improve the operability of research protocols under the principle of medical ethics.

Analysis on pattern of prescriptions and syndromes of traditional Chinese medicine for prevention and treatment of COVID-19 / 中国中药杂志

To investigate the regularity of prescription and clinical syndromes by analyzing the diagnosis and treatment protocols of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), so as to provide references for syndrome differentiation and relevant researches. The diagnosis and treatment protocols of COVID-19 published by national and regional health authorities were searched, and information was extracted in regard to disease stages, type of syndromes, and prescriptions, etc. Frequency statistics and relative analysis were used to analyze the rule of syndrome differentiation and prescription with TCM, and further discussion on the pathogenesis and progress of the disease. A total of 26 diagnosis and treatment protocols of TCM for COVID-19 were retrieved after screening(including 1 national scheme and 25 regional ones), among which 16 contained aspects of both prevention and treatment, 7 only involved treatment contents and 3 were prevention schemes. The courses of COVID-19 can be divided into early stage, middle stage, severe stage and recovery stage. The pathogeny of COVID-19 in TCM is damp-toxin, with the core pathogenesis of damp-toxin retention in lung and Qi repression. Its pathological features can be summarized as "damp, toxin, obstruction, deficiency". The location of the disease is lung, always involving spleen and stomach, and may further affect heart and kidney in severe cases. The major treatments for each course are Fanghua Shizuo, Xuanfei Touxie(early stage); Qingre Jiedu, Xuanxie Feire(middle stage); Kaibi Gutuo, Huiyang Jiuni(severe stage); Qingjie Yure, Yiqi Yangyin(recovery stage). There were many diagnosis and treatment protocols for COVID-19 have been published, which generally followed the national edition, through with certain personalities in different regional protocols. There were common features with respect to the disease stage, syndrome differentiation, therapeutic principles and methods, as well as prescriptions; the treatment were generally carried out against the core pathogenesis and progress of the disease. Along with the deepening recognition of COVID-19, the diagnosis and treatment protocols are still need further concretization and standardization. We hope researchers and decision-makers can pay more attention to the treatment of Huayu Tongluo in severe and recovery period.

Network Meta-analysis of Yiqi Huoxue Chinese patent medicine for coronary heart disease with angina pectoris / 中国中药杂志

To assess the clinical efficacy of Yiqi Huoxue Chinese patent medicine for coronary heart disease with angina pectoris by using network Meta-analysis method. The relative randomized controlled trials( RCTs) of Yiqi Huoxue Chinese patent medicine for coronary heart disease with angina pectoris were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure( CNKI),Wan Fang,VIP and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database( CBM) in July 2018. Two researchers independently completed the literature screening,data extraction and quality evaluation according to the pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria,and the results were cross-checked.The data were analyzed by Win Bugs,and STATA software was used for plotting. Finally,114 RCTs were included,involving 7 Yiqi Huoxue Chinese patent medicines and 11 775 patients. Network Meta-analysis showed that the total effective rate for improvement in AP symptoms had 7 direct comparisons and 21 indirect comparisons,8 of which were statistically significant. The ECG improvement had 7 direct comparisons and 21 indirect comparisons,7 of which were statistically significant. In terms of the total effective rate of improvement in AP symptoms,the order of efficacy was as follows: Shensong Yangxin Capsules > Shexiang Baoxin Pills > Qishen Yiqi Dropping Pills > Tongxinluo Capsules > Wenxin Granules > Qishen Capsules > Naoxintong Capsules. In terms of ECG improvement,the order of efficacy was as follows: Shexiang Baoxin Pills > Tongxinluo Capsules > Naoxintong Capsules > Qishen Yiqi Dropping Pills> Wenxin Granules > Shensong Yangxin Capsules > Qishen Capsules. The results showed that Shensong Yangxin Capsules and Shexiang Baoxin Pills had certain advantages in the treatment of coronary heart disease with angina pectoris. Due to the small sample size,more studies were required to further verify the evidences.

Tongmai Yangxin Pills in treatment for angina pectoris of coronary heart disease: a systematic review of randomized clinical trails / 中国中药杂志

To systematically review the efficacy and safety of Tongmai Yangxin Pills in treatment for angina pectoris of coronary heart disease. CNKI, WanFang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase and the Cochrane Library databases were retrieved online to collect randomized controlled trials(RCTs) of Tongmai Yangxin Pills for angina pectoris of coronary heart disease since the establishment to November 2018. Two investigators screened out literatures independently, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. The risk assessment of included references was made according to criteria recommended by Cochrane Handbook 5.3. Meta-analysis was then performed by RevMan 5.3 software. A total of 9 RCTs were included. The results of Meta-analysis showed that compared with the single application of chemotherapy, the combined administration with Tongmai Yangxin Pills and Western medicine could significantly improve the clinical efficacy of angina(RR=1.22, 95%CI[1.13, 1.31]), the improvement rate of electrocardiogram(RR=1.31, 95%CI[1.21, 1.42]), and the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome(RR=1.17, 95%CI[1.02, 1.35]). Only one study reported adverse events, while 5 studies reported no adverse event. According to current evidences, in the treatment of angina pectoris of coronary heart disease, Tongmai Yangxin Pills has a better clinical efficacy in the treatment of angina pectoris of coronary heart disease in terms of the improvement rate of electrocardiogram and the clinical efficacy of TCM syndrome. Due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are required to verify the above conclusions.

Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and its related risk factors among 34 637 pregnant women in Tongzhou district of Beijing from 2013 to 2017 / 中华疾病控制杂志

@# Objective The study aims to investigate the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among pregnant women in Tongzhou district of Beijing and its related risk factors. Methods Information of 34 637 singleton pregnancies delivered in a maternal and child health care hospital in Tongzhou district of Beijing were collected from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017. GDM prevalence of pregnant women were calculated. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between GDM and its related factors. Results The prevalence of GDM in 34 637 singleton pregnant women in Tongzhou district of Beijing was 23.2% (8 034/34 637). Multivariate analysis showed that advanced maternal age(aOR=1.87, 95% CI: 1.71-2.05), high level of education(aOR=1.19-1.23), delivering during 2016-2017(aOR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.38-1.55), macrosomia(aOR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.02-1.59), history of cesarean section(aOR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.08-1.30), history of spontaneous abortion(aOR=1.23, 95% CI:1.10-1.37), history of induced abortion(aOR=1.08, 95% CI:1.01-1.14), family history of diabetes(aOR=1.51, 95% CI:1.26-1.83), multipara(aOR=1.24, 95% CI:1.15-1.34), pre-pregnancy overweight(aOR=2.02, 95% CI:1.89-2.15), pre-pregnancy obesity(aOR=3.11, 95% CI:2.81-3.43)and conceived by assisted reproductive technology(aOR=1.47, 95% CI:1.03-2.10)were the independent risk factors for GDM. Conclusions Prevalence of GDM is high in pregnant women in Tongzhou district of Beijing. Health education before and during pregnancy should be carried out to monitor and prevent the occurrence of GDM in time to ensure maternal and child health.

MDT Model of a Breast Cancer Patient at Reproductive Age with Morbid Obesity / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To explore the working mode of clinical pharmacists participating in multidisciplinary team (MDT) for cancer patients. METHODS: A breast cancer physician leaded the team, comprised of an imageology specialist, an endocrinology specialist and a clinical pharmacist carried on the multidisciplinary discussions of a breast cancer patient at reproductive age with morbid obesity, focusing on the four aspects of morbid obesity, infertility, chemotherapeutic doses and application of dexamethasone. Clinical pharmacist evaluated the risk of medication in the patient and participated in the entire process of anti-tumor therapy. RESULTS: After multidisciplinary discussions, we determined the patient treatments and drug applications, the patient successfully completed the first cycle of anti-tumor therapy with no serious adverse reactions. CONCLUSION: As one of the important members of multidisciplinary team, the clinical pharmacist could cooperate with other physicians by taking the advantages of pharmacy, and initially could form the working mode of multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatments of cancer patients.

Chinese patent medicines with function of resolving hard lump for cyclomastopathy: network Meta-analysis / 中国中药杂志

This systematic review aims to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicines with resolving hard lump function for the treatment of cyclomastopathy. We searched CNKI, WanFang, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase, and The Cochrane Library from the inception to January 3 2018, to collect the randomized controlled trials（RCTs）on Chinese patent medicines with resolving hard lump function in treating cyclomastopathy. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the methodological quality of included studies. Then, statistical analysis was performed by using Stata 12.0 and WinBUGS 1.4.3 software. A total of 52 RCTs involving 9 605 patients were finally included. The inventions included 11 commercial Chinese patent medicines with functions of resolving hard lump, such as Rupi Sanjie Capsules, Xiaoru Sanjie Capsules, Ruhe Sanjie Pills, and Hongjin Xiaojie Capsules. The result of direct Meta-analysis showed that: as compared with the simple western medicine group, the Chinese patent medicines such as Hongjin Xiaojie Capsules, Ruhe Sanjie Pills, Rupi Sanjie Capsules, Xiaoru Sanjie Capsules and Xiakucao Oral Liquid could significantly improve the clinical efficacy. In addition, the incidence of adverse reactions of Chinese patent medicines with resolving hard lump function was lower than that in Western medicine group in gastrointestinal reactions, menstrual disorders, leucorrhea abnormalities, liver dysfunction and estrogen-like effect. The network Meta-analysis showed that: Xiaoru Sanjie Capsules, Ruhe Sanjie Pills, Yanlu Rukang Capsules, Quyu Sanjie Capsules, and Hongjin Xiaojie Capsules were the top five in terms of treatment effect. Chinese patent medicines with resolving hard lump function had better clinical efficacy. Due to the low quality of included studies， more high quality RCTs are needed to verify the above conclusion.

Effect of Panax notoginseng preparations on platelet function / 中国中药杂志

To systematically evaluate the effect of Panax notoginseng preparations (PNPs) on platelet function six literature databases including PubMed, EMbase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang, and SinoMed were searched to collect RCTs of PNPs. RCTs reporting the outcomes of platelet function could be included. Biases were evaluated by Cochrane handbook. Two reviewers screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies independently. Inconsistency were solved by discussion.Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.3 software.A total of 36 RCTs were involved with the outcome including MPAR, PLT, TXB2 and safety. The results of systematic review showed that compared with placebo [SMD=1.84,95%CI(1.33,2.35),P<0.000 01] and non-antiplatelet agents [SMD=0.74,95%CI(0.19,1.28),P=0.008] PNPs can reduce the MPAR level; PNPs combined with non-antiplatelet agents can reduce MPAR [SMD=2.34,95%CI(1.14,3.54),P=0.000 1] and TXB2(SMD=1.25,95%CI(0.75,1.76),P<0.000 01]; PNPs combined with anti-platelet agents have better effect on MPAR [SMD=0.93,95%CI(0.58,1.29),P<0.000 01] and TXB2 [SMD=1.16,95%CI(0.74,1.58),P<0.000 01]. In terms of hemorrhagic adverse reactions, PNPs combined with anti-platelet agents haven't increase adverse events. Current evidences suggested that PNPs can reduce MPAR level and TXB2. PNPs combined with anti-platelet or non-antiplatelet agents can improve efficacy. However, due to the huge clinical heterogeneity and poor methodological quality, the evidence is not strng enough. Rigorous designed clinical trials are warranted.

Urban PM2.5 in Guangzhou induces apoptosis of PC-12 cells / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the toxicity of urban PM2.5 in Guangzhou on PC-12 cells.Methods PM2.5 was collected in Guangzhou city.PC-12 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into several groups,including the control group,PM2.5 groups with different concentrations and NAC pretreated group (pretreaed with 10 μmol/mL NAC followed with 100 μg/mL PM2.5 exposure).Cells were incubated with indicated stimulator for 24 h,then cell viability was checked with cell counting Kit-8 assay,the level of intracellular ROS was labeled using H2DCFDA fluorescence probe,cell apoptosis was measured by the flow cytometry and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins,including Cytochrome C,Caspase 9,Caspase 3 and PARP,were detected by Western Blot assay.Results PM2.5 has a strong toxicity on PC-12 cells when its concentration is over 25 μg/mL.After exposure for 24 h,the cell viability was markedly decreased.The results of flow cytometry and Western blot assay showed that PM2.5 enhanced the apoptosis of PC-12 cells with the upregulatios of Cytochrome C,Caspase 9,Caspase 3 and PARP.Pretreatment with NAC could significantly diminish PM2.5-induced PC-12 cell toxicity,decreased ROS generation and apoptosis of PC-12 cells,with the down regulations of apoptosis-related proteins.Conclusion PM2.5 can cause apoptosis of PC-12 cells by inducing oxidative stress,upregulating the Cytochrome C expression and activating Caspase9/3,which may be one of the mechanisms underlying PM2.5-induced neurotoxicity.

The application and research of Xueshuantong combined with radiofrequency thermocoagulation on the treatment of low back pain caused by lumbar degeneration / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the value of Xueshuangtong combined with radiofrequency thermocoagulation in the treatment of lumbar degenerative lumbar pain.MethodsFrom January 1, 2014 to December 30, 2015, 60 patients with lumbar degenerative low back pain admitted in Jiashan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital.All of them were randomly divided into observation group and control group, and each with 30 cases.All patients received radiofrequency thermocoagulation, while the observation group received Xueshuantong for further treatment.All of the patients were assessed by the international Pain Association recommended the use of visual analogue scale (VAS) and McGill pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ) and CRP when treatment before starting and after 1, 3, 7, 14, 30 and 90d of the treatment.ResultsThere were no significant differences between the two groups in VAS, SF-MPQ and CRP before treatment (P<0.05).However, when compared with the control group, patients in the observation group got significantly lower levels of VAS at 1, 3, 7 and 14d after the operation;significantly lower levels of SF-MPQ at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 30d after the operation;and significantly lower levels of CRP at 14, 30 and 90d after the operation (P<0.05).And we found no serious complications occurred in the two groups.ConclusionThe Xueshuantong combined with radiofrequency thermocoagulation treatment of lumbar facet joint is a safe, effective and inexpensive for the low back pain which caused by lumbar degeneration.