Reshaping the Cortical Connectivity Gradient by Long-Term Cognitive Training During Development / 神经科学通报·英文版

The organization of the brain follows a topological hierarchy that changes dynamically during development. However, it remains unknown whether and how cognitive training administered over multiple years during development can modify this hierarchical topology. By measuring the brain and behavior of school children who had carried out abacus-based mental calculation (AMC) training for five years (starting from 7 years to 12 years old) in pre-training and post-training, we revealed the reshaping effect of long-term AMC intervention during development on the brain hierarchical topology. We observed the development-induced emergence of the default network, AMC training-promoted shifting, and regional changes in cortical gradients. Moreover, the training-induced gradient changes were located in visual and somatomotor areas in association with the visuospatial/motor-imagery strategy. We found that gradient-based features can predict the math ability within groups. Our findings provide novel insights into the dynamic nature of network recruitment impacted by long-term cognitive training during development.

The Effect of Modified Shugan Dingji Decoction （疏肝定悸汤） on the Occurrence of Endpoint Events in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation of Liver Constraint and Qi Stagnation： A Retrospective Cohort Study / 中医杂志

ObjectiveTo retrospectively analyze the effect of modified Shugan Dingji Decoction （疏肝定悸汤） on the occurrence of endpoint events in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation of liver constraint and qi stagnation. MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using the electronic medical record database of Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine to screen and include patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation of liver constraint and qi stagnation from January 1st， 2018， to December 31th， 2021. The included patients were divided into an exposure group and a non-exposure group， each consisting of 100 cases， based on whether they received modified Shugan Dingji Decoction. General information of the patients including age， gender， body mass index， duration of illness and comorbidities， medication history， cardiac structure and function indicators such as left atrial diameter， left ventricular end-diastolic diameter， stroke volume and ejection fraction， and the occurrence of endpoint events assessed through 24-hour dynamic electrocardiography or electrocardiogram to determine the recurrence of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation were collected. Kaplan-Meier （K-M） curves and Log-Rank tests were used to conduct survival analysis on the occurrence of endpoint events in the two groups of patients. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to analyze the impact of various factors on entry into endpoint events. Additionally， a safety assessment was performed by comparing liver and kidney function indicators before and after treatment. ResultsIn the non-exposure group， a total of 49 cases （49.0%） experienced endpoint events， while in the exposure group， there were 26 cases （26.0%）. The Log-rank test indicated significant difference between the two groups （χ2=11.211， P=0.001）. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that age， duration of illness， hypertension， diabetes， chronic heart failure， left atrial diameter， stroke volume， and the use of modified Shugan Dingji Decoction may be the influencing factors for the occurrence of endpoint events in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation of liver constraint and qi stagnation （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the risk of endpoint events in the exposure group was significantly lower than that in the non-exposure group （P＜0.01）. Patients with a duration of illness ＞12 months had a significantly higher risk of endpoint events compared to those with a duration of illness ≤12 months （P＜0.01）. Patients without concomitant hypertension had a lower risk of endpoint events compared to those with hypertension （P＜0.05）. Patients with left atrial diameter ＞40 mm had significantly higher risk of endpoint events than those with left atrial diameter ≤40 mm （P＜0.01）. There was no statistically significant difference in liver and kidney function indicators between the two groups before and after treatment （P＞0.05）. ConclusionThe use of modified Shugan Dingji Decoction is a protective factor for patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation of liver constraint and qi stagnation， which can help to reduce the recurrence and progression of atrial fibrillation. Long duration of illness， concomitant hypertension， and enlarged left atrial diameter are risk factors for patients to experience endpoint events.

Construction and application of the “school-enterprise-community”linkage community pharmaceutical care mode based on the WeChat mini program / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To construct the “school-enterprise-community” linkage community pharmaceutical care mode based on the WeChat mini program， upgrade the content and mode of community pharmaceutical care， and improve the quality of healthy life of the residents. METHODS Focusing on the pharmaceutical care needs of community residents， by integrating school， enterprise and community pharmaceutical resources， the WeChat mini program of “drug enjoying health” was created and the “online+offline” community pharmaceutical care mode was built. Using classified random sampling， mini program users were randomly selected as the observation group， and offline pair-assisted community residents as the control group. The intervention effects of the two groups were compared around the three aspects of medication health knowledge mastery， medication compliance and medication behavior. RESULTS The “drug enjoying health” mini program consisted of four modules：“ drug for health”，“ drug for warmth”，“ drug for safety”， and “personal information”. The “school-enterprise-community” linkage community pharmaceutical care mode based on the “drug enjoying health” mini program began to be applied in July 2022， with 6 185 users， 2 732 recovery records of expired drugs， 941 times of pharmaceutical care， and 3 354 consultation orders. After the intervention， the qualified rate of medication health knowledge mastery， complete compliance rate， and the correct rate of medication behavior in the observation group increased from 33.53% to 76.87%， 20.23% to 46.26%， and 49.71% to 89.80%， respectively； the proportion of the increase after the intervention was higher than that of the control group （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS This mode has effectively improved the quality of community pharmaceutical care， improves the health awareness of community residents in drug use， and promotes the standardization， rationalization and safety of residents’ drug use.

Mechanisms of brain damage caused by inorganic fluoride using proteomics-based techniques / 环境与职业医学

Background Chronic excessive exposure to fluoride can cause damage to the central nervous system and a certain degree of learning and memory impairment. However, the associated mechanism is not yet clear and further exploration is needed. Objective Using 4D unlabelled quantitative proteomics techniques to explore differentially expressed proteins and their potential mechanisms of action in chronic excessive fluoride exposure induced brain injury. Methods Twenty-four SPF-grade adult SD rats, half male and half male, were selected and divided into a control group and a fluoride group by random number table method, with 12 rats in each group. Among them, the control group drank tap water (fluorine content<1 mg·L−1), the fluoride group drank sodium fluoride solution (fluorine content 10 mg·L−1), and both groups were fed with ordinary mouse feed (fluoride content<0.6 mg·kg−1). After 180 d of feeding, the SD rats were weighed, and then part of the brain tissue was sampled for pathological examination by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Nissl staining. The rest of the brain tissue was frozen and stored at −80 ℃. Three brain tissue samples from each group were randomly selected for proteomics detection. Differentially expressed proteins were screened and subcellular localization analysis was performed, followed by Gene Ontology (GO) function analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, cluster analysis, and protein-protein interaction analysis. Finally, Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of key proteins extracted from the brain tissue samples. Results After 180 d of feeding, the average weight of the rats in the fluoride group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The brain tissue stained with HE showed no significant morphological changes in the cerebral cortex of the fluoride treated rats, and neuron loss, irregular arrangement of neurons, eosinophilic changes, and cell body pyknosis were observed in the hippocampus. The Nissl staining results showed that the staining of neurons in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats exposed to fluoride decreased (Nissl bodies decreased). The proteomics results showed that a total of 6927 proteins were identified. After screening, 206 differentially expressed proteins were obtained between the control group and the fluoride group, including 96 up-regulated proteins and 110 down-regulated proteins. The differential proteins were mainly located in cytoplasm (30.6%), nucleus (27.2%), mitochondria (13.6%), plasma membrane (13.6%), and extracellular domain (11.7%). The GO analysis results showed that differentially expressed proteins mainly participated in biological processes such as iron ion transport, regulation of dopamine neuron differentiation, and negative regulation of respiratory burst in inflammatory response, exercised molecular functions such as ferrous binding, iron oxidase activity, and cytokine activity, and were located in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum membrane, fixed components of the membrane, chloride channel complexes, and other cellular components. The KEGG significantly enriched pathways included biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, carbon metabolism, and microbial metabolism in diverse environments. The results of differential protein-protein interaction analysis showed that the highest connectivity was found in glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (Gpi). The expression level of Gpi in the brain tissue of the rats in the fluoride group was lower than that in the control group by Western blotting (P<0.05). Conclusion Multiple differentially expressed proteins are present in the brain tissue of rats with chronic fluorosis, and their functions are related to biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, carbon metabolism, and microbial metabolism in diverse environments; Gpi may be involved in cerebral neurological damage caused by chronic overdose fluoride exposure.

Establishment of a rat model with aortic dissection induced by β-aminopropionitrile combined with angiotensin Ⅱ / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To investigate the optimal administration combination of β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) and Angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang-Ⅱ) in the establishment of SD rat aortic dissection (AD) model and the related complications. Methods    Forty-two three-week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: a group A (0.25% BAPN), a group B (0.40% BAPN), a group C (0.80% BAPN), a group D [1 g/(kg·d) BAPN], a group E [1 g/(kg·d) BAPN+ 1 μg/(kg·min) saline], a group F [1 g/(kg·d) BAPN+1 μg/(kg·min) Ang-Ⅱ] and a group G (control group). There were 6 rats in each group. The intervention period was 4 weeks (groups E and F were 4 weeks+5 days). Rats were dissected immediately if they died during the experiment. After the intervention, the surviving rats were sacrificed by pentobarbital sodium, and the whole aorta was separated and retained. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the changes of aorta from the pathological morphology. Results    There was no statistical difference in the survival rate among the groups after 4 weeks of BAPN intervention (P>0.05). After 5 days of mini-osmotic pumps implantation, the survival rate of rats was higher in the group E than that in the group F (P=0.008), and the incidence of AD in the group E was lower than that in the group F (P=0.001). BAPN could affect the food and water intake of rats. After BAPN intervention for 4 weeks, the body weight of rats in the group G was higher than those in the intervention groups (P<0.05). BAPN combined with Ang-Ⅱ could make the aortic intima thick, elastic fiber breakage, arrangement disorder, and inflammatory cell infiltration in rats, which conformed to the pathological and morphological changes of AD. BAPN could also affect mental state and gastrointestinal tract. Conclusion    The combination of BAPN [1 g/(kg·d)] and Ang-Ⅱ [1 μg/(kg·min)] can stably establish AD model in rats, which will provide a stable carrier for further study of the pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of AD. However, the complications in this process are an unstable factor. How to balance the influence of BAPN on other tissues and organs in the process of AD model establishment remains to be further studied.

Establishment of UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of plasma concentration of three common carbapenem antibiotics / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To establish a UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of plasma concentration of three carbapenem antibiotics， i.e. ertapenem （ETP）， imipenem （IPM） and meropenem （MEM）. METHODS After protein precipitation with methanol， the plasma samples were separated by ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column （2.1 mm×50 mm， 1.7 μm） using stable isotopes of three antibiotics （ETP-D4， IPM-D4， MEM-D6） as the internal standard. The mobile phases were 98% acetonitrile +2% water +0.1% formic acid and 98% water +2% acetonitrile +0.1% formic acid， by gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.3 mL/min and the column temperature was 40 ℃. Scanning analysis was performed in the positive ion and multiple reaction monitoring mode. RESULTS The method had good specificity， good linearity （r2≥0.993） in the range of 0.2-200， 0.1-100 and 0.1-100 μg/mL of ETP， IPM and MEM， and good intra-batch and inter-batch precision and accuracy （all RE≤5.14%， all RSD≤11.15%）， the matrix effect and extraction recovery were consistent （RSD≤12.99%）. CONCLUSIONS This study establishes the UPLC-MS/MS method to simultaneously quantify the plasma concentration of ETP， IPM and MEM. The method has the advantages of simple pretreatment， short detection time and small sample quantity to meet clinical requirement.

Role and mechanism of interleukin-8 in bone regeneration / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Interleukin-8 is an important cytokine that has been found to play an important role in bone regeneration through multiple pathways. OBJECTIVE:To comprehensively review the action mechanism of interleukin-8 effects on bone regeneration to provide ideas for the following studies on interleukin-8. METHODS:By searching the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database for articles published from January 1999 to February 2023 and PubMed database for articles published from January 1985 to February 2023 reporting the role of interleukin-8 in bone-associated cells and vascularisation.Chinese and English search terms were"interleukin-8,bone repair,bone metabolism,mesenchymal stem cells,osteoblasts,osteoclasts,vascularization".The initial review yielded 508 articles in English and Chinese,and a total of 51 articles were included for review and analysis according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:According to the existing research,interleukin-8 can promote bone cell regeneration and assist bone healing through multiple pathways,which is mainly divided into three aspects:(1)Promote the proliferation and differentiation of bone cells such as mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts,and promote the development of cells in the direction of promoting bone healing;(2)interleukin-8 can promote angiogenesis and provide sufficient nutrition and oxygen for bone tissue,thus further improving the quality and stability of bone healing.(3)The appearance of interleukin-8 facilitates the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α,vascular endothelial growth factor,and matrix metalloproteinase,which can create a microenvironment conducive to bone regeneration,thus promoting the regeneration and repair of bone tissue.In summary,interleukin-8 plays an important role in bone healing by promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation,facilitating angiogenesis and improving the mechanical properties of bone regeneration,as well as influencing bone metabolism through osteoclasts,mesenchymal stem cells,and other action sites.

The application of ultrasound elastography in the diagnosis of obese polycystic ovary syndrome / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of ultrasound elastography (UE) in patients with obese polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Methods:A total of 86 PCOS patients diagnosed in the Second People′s Hospital of Beilun District, Ningbo City from June 2019 to April 2022 were selected as the study group, including 32 patients with body mass inde(BMI) ≥25 kg/m 2 (obese group) and 54 patients with BMI < 25 kg/m 2 (non-obese group). Another 40 women with healthy physical examination and matching age and BMI of the study group were selected as the normal control group. All of them underwent routine vaginal ultrasound and UE examination, and the differences of parameters in each group were compared. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of relevant parameters for PCOS and obesity PCOS. Results:The number of follicles and ovarian volume in the study group were higher than those in the normal control group, and the PI and RI of ovarian interstitial artery were lower than those in the normal control group: (17.50 ± 3.23) unit vs. (8.15 ± 2.01) unit, (12.97 ± 3.20) ml vs. (5.36 ± 1.82) ml, 0.82 ± 0.14 vs. 0.93 ± 0.20, 0.52 ± 0.12 vs. 0.58 ± 0.10, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). The number of follicles and ovarian volume in the obese group were significantly higher than those in the non-obese group: (18.98 ± 3.45) unit vs. (16.62 ± 3.17) unit, (15.00 ± 3.15) ml vs. (11.77 ± 2.63) ml, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05); but the PI and RI between the obese group and the non-obese group had no significant differences ( P>0.05). In the study group, 56 cases (65.12%) had type 1 elastic pattern, which was significantly higher than 4 cases (10.00%) in the normal control group ( χ2 = 17.61, P<0.01). The elastic pattern was no significant difference between the obese group and the non-obese group ( P>0.05). The elastic coefficient (B/A ratio) in the study group was higher than in the normal control group:7.86 ± 1.51 vs. 4.53 ± 1.10, there was statistical difference ( P<0.05). The B/A ratio in the obese group was higher than that in the non-obese group and the normal control group: 8.76 ± 1.35 vs. 7.32 ± 1.34, 4.53 ± 1.10, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of B/A ratio for the diagnosis of PCOS was 0.962, when the cut-off value was 5.56, the corresponding sensitivity and specificity were 93.02% and 87.50%. The AUC of B/A ratio for the diagnosis of obese PCOS was 0.788, when the cut-off value was 8.35, the corresponding sensitivity and specificity were 78.12% and 85.19%. Conclusions:The UE has great diagnostic value for PCOS and certain discrimination performance for obese PCOS.

Ywhab inhibits growth of mouse B-cell lymphoma 38B9 cells by targeting HSP90aa1 / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the role of Ywhab in the growth of mouse B-cell lymphoma,and to explore the potential underlying mechanisms.METHODS:The correlation between Ywhab and human diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)was investigated by bioinformatics analysis.Infection with retroviral vector was performed to establish stable mouse B-cell lymphoma 38B9 cell line with overexpression of Ywhab gene,which was verified by RT-qPCR and Western blot.The impact of Ywhab overexpression on 38B9 cell growth both in vitro and in vivo was detected by cell counting,CCK-8 assay,and subcutaneous tumor loading experiments.The expression of apoptosis-related proteins was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot.Co-immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry(CoIP-MS)was employed to search for proteins specifically binding to Ywhab gene product 14-3-3β,which was confirmed by Western blot and molecu-lar docking analysis.RESULTS:The Ywhab gene exhibited low expression in DLBCL,which was correlated with poor clinical prognosis of DLBCL patients.Compared with normal mouse bone marrow B cells,Ywhab expression was low in 38B9 cells.Overexpression of Ywhab induced apoptosis of 38B9 cells both in vitro and in vivo,promoted the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Puma,Noxa and Bax at both mRNA and protein levels,and inhibited the mRNA and protein expres-sion of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2(P＜0.05).The 14-3-3β protein specifically bound to Hsp90aa1 and reduced Hsp90aa1 protein levels,thereby suppressing the growth of 38B9 cells.CONCLUSION:Ywhab promotes the apoptosis of B-cell lymphoma cells by binding to Hsp90aa1 and thereby inhibiting the function of Hsp90aa1.

Research advances in epidemiology and drug resistance of Elizabethkingia / 中国感染控制杂志

In recent years,the incidence of Elizabethkingia infection has increased significantly.Elizabethkingia can cause pneumonia,meningitis,and bacteremia,etc.The high rate of drug resistance leads to prolonged hospital stay and increased mortality,posing a heavy burden to patients and society.This paper reviews the epidemiology,pathogenesis and drug resistance of Elizabethkingia,with a view to providing a reference for the clinical diagnosis,treatment,prevention and control of Elizabethkingia infection.

Virulence determinants and genetic diversity of foodborne Yersinia enterocolitica isolated from Wenzhou / 中国人兽共患病学报

The aim of this study was to investigate the virulence determinants and genetic diversity of foodborne Yersinia enterocolitica from Wenzhou.A total of 71 strains of Yersinia enterocolitica were isolated from food and foodborne diarrhea ca-ses in Wenzhou,and their biotypes,serotypes,and drug resistance were analyzed.On the basis of whole genome sequencing,we assessed virulence gene profiles,and performed multilocus sequence typing(MLST)and core gene multilocus sequence typ-ing(cgMLST).A total of 94.4％(67/71)of isolates belonged to biotype 1A,and the highest proportion had serotype lA/O∶5(29.6％,21/71).The sensitivity rates of the isolates to 14 antibiotics exceeded 95.8％.A total of 16 categories and 126 viru-lence genes were identified,with two strains carrying the pYV plasmid and chromosome-related virulence genes.ST3(31.6％,12/38)was the most widespread MLST type,and cgMLST analysis revealed no dense clusters of genotypes except for strains sharing the same ST.In conclusion,pathogenic strains were identified from foodborne Yersinia enterocolitica in Wenzhou and were found to exhibit high genetic polymorphism.Enhanced regulatory supervision is essential to prevent the outbreak of food-borne diseases caused by Yersinia enterocolitica.

Research on the operation efficiency of the basic medical insurance system for urban and rural residents in China and its influencing factors / 中国卫生政策研究

Objective:Operational efficiency and influencing factors of China's basic medical insurance system from 2020 to 2021 is conducted to provide reference for improving the operational efficiency and optimizing the input-output relationship.Methods:The super-efficiency SBM model based on unexpected output and the Malmquist index are used to measure the static and dynamic efficiency of resident medical insurance in 31 provinces in China,and Tobit regression analysis is employed to analyze the influencing factors.Results:The overall operational efficiency of resident medical insurance still needs improvement.The operational efficiency of resident medical insurance in the central and western regions is lower than that in the eastern region,and the gap is significant.Different levels and regions have differentiated main constraints on the operational efficiency of resident medical insurance.In terms of dynamic efficiency,the total factor productivity of resident medical insurance operation shows an increasing trend,mainly due to technological progress.In terms of influencing factors,the degree of aging,the level of medical expenses and the level of medical insurance supervision have a significant impact on the operational efficiency.Suggestions:Efforts should be made to bridge regional disparities,promote the equitable development of medical insurance,reasonably control the level of medical expenses,strengthen the supervision of medical insurance funds,and implement active aging policies.

The mechanism of Xuebijing injection in preventing and treating lung injury induced by cardiopulmonary bypass by regulating the apoptosis of alveolar polymorphonuclear neutrophil / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of Xuebijing injection on acute lung injury (ALI) associated with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) by regulating the apoptosis of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN).Methods:Thirty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (Sham group), CPB model group (CPB group) and Xuebijing pretreatment group (XBJ group) according to the random number table method, with 10 rats in each group. Rats in the CPB group and XBJ group undergoing CPB procedures for 60 minutes. Rats in the Sham group did not undergo CPB. Rats in the XBJ group received intraperitoneal injection of 4 mL/kg Xuebijing injection 2 hours before CPB. Rats in the Sham group and CPB group were injected with an equal amount of normal saline. 4 hours after CPB, arterial blood was collected for blood gas analysis to calculate respiratory index (RI), and lung tissue of rats was collected for determination of lung index (LI) and pulmonary water containing rate. PMN in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected and the activity of caspase-3 was detected. The apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. The expressions of microRNA-142-3p (miR-142-3p) and FoxO1 mRNA were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The protein expression of FoxO1 was detected by Western blotting. In addition, HL-60 cells were divided into control oligonucleotide transfection group, miR-142-3p mimics transfection group, and miR-142-3p inhibitor transfection group. After 48 hours of transfection, the activity of miR-142-3p binding to FoxO1 was detected using dual luciferase reporter genes.Results:Compared with Sham group, RI, LI and pulmonary water containing rate were significantly increased in CPB group. The caspase-3 activity and apoptosis rate of PMN obtained from BALF were significantly decreased, the expression of miR-142-3p was decreased, and the expression of FoxO1 protein was increased. However, compared with CPB group, RI, LI and pulmonary water containing rate were significantly decreased in XBJ group [RI: 0.281±0.066 vs. 0.379±0.071, LI: 4.50±0.26 vs. 5.71±0.42, pulmonary water containing rate: (80.31±32.50)% vs. (84.59±3.41)%, all P < 0.01]. The caspase-3 activity and apoptosis rate of PMN obtained from BALF were significantly increased [caspase-3 activity: 0.350±0.021 vs. 0.210±0.014, apoptosis rate: (15.490±1.382)% vs. (8.700±0.701)%, both P < 0.01], the expression of miR-142-3p was significantly up-regulated (2 -ΔΔCt: 2.61±0.17 vs. 0.62±0.05, P < 0.01), and the protein expression of FoxO1 was decreased [FoxO1/GAPDH (relative expression level): 0.81±0.04 vs. 1.22±0.06, P < 0.01]. However, there was no statistically significant difference in FoxO1 mRNA expression among the three groups. The bioinformatics analysis results showed that miR-142-3p can bind to the FoxO1 3'untranslated region (3'UTR). In HL-60 cells, compared with control oligonucleotide transfection group, the transfection of miR-142-3p mimics could reduce the expression of FoxO1 protein [FoxO1/GAPDH (relative expression level): 0.48±0.06 vs. 1.00±0.05, P < 0.01], however, the transfection of miR-142-3p inhibitor increased the expression of FoxO1 protein [FoxO1/GAPDH (relative expression level): 1.37±0.21 vs. 1.00±0.05, P < 0.05]. But, transfection with miR-142-3p mimics or inhibitor had no effect on FoxO1 mRNA expression. The luciferase reporter gene showed that miR-142-3p could bind to the FoxO1 3'UTR to inhibit FoxO1 expression. Conclusion:Xuebijing injection may promote the apoptosis of pulmonary alveolar PMN through the miR-142-3p/FoxO1 axis, and play a role in the prevention and treatment of CPB-induced ALI.

Effects of MUC13 on the prognosis and biological behavior of gastric cancer / 中国现代普通外科进展

Objective:To explore the prognostic value of MUC13 expression in gastric cancer(GC)patients and its impact on the biological behavior of GC cells.Methods:Comprehensive anal-ysis of the expression pattern of MUC genes in GC tissues based on the TCGA database to screen for differentially expressed genes.Spearman correlation analysis determined the correlation of ex-pression between MUC genes in GC tissues.Gene Ontology(GO)functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway(KEGG)enrichment analysis were used to explore the potential biological functions of MUC genes.Univariate COX regression analysis was performed to explore the relationship between all differentially expressed MUC genes and the prog-nosis of GC patients to screen out MUC genes that were significantly related to the prognosis of GC.Clinical GC tissue samples were used to further verify the expression of MUC13 through im-munofluorescence,and its relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of GC was analyzed.siRNA was used to silence the expression of MUC13 in GC cells,and the effect of MUC13 on cell proliferation,migration and invasion was analyzed through CCK-8,colony forma-tion and Transwell experiments.Results:Among all MUC members,the expression levels of MUC1,MUC2,MUC3A,MUC4,MCU5B,MUC12,and MUC13 were significantly upregulated in GC tissues(P＜0.05).There are certain interactions between these MUC genes,and they are mainly en-riched in pathways related to digestive system processes,epithelial structure maintenance,apical plasma membrane,saliva secretion,etc.Importantly,upregulation of MUC13 in GC tissues indicates poor patient prognosis(Log-rank P＜0.05).In addition,MUC13 expression was significantly correlat-ed with the age(P＜0.001)of GC patients and tumor size(P=0.035).Further cell function experiments showed that after silencing MUC13,the proliferation ability of GC cells was significantly reduced(P＜0.05),while their migration and invasion abilities were not significantly affected(P＞0.05).Con-clusions:Highly expressed MUC13 is closely related to the poor prognosis of gastric cancer,par-ticipates in the regulation of tumor progression and is a potential therapeutic target and prognostic marker for gastric cancer.

Role of exercise-related irisin in diabetes mellitus and its complications / 中国医科大学学报

Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disease involving multiple organ systems in the body.In recent years,its global incidence rate has increased year by year.In China,the blood glucose control of patients with diabetes mellitus who receive oral hypogly-cemic agents or insulin treatment remains poor.In the early disease stages,exercise is important to control blood glucose levels.Recently,many studies have found that the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus was related to declining levels of irisin,an exercise-related muscle factor.Furthermore,studies have found that irisin improved insulin resistance,promoted the production of pancreatic isletβcells,and affected the body's glucose and lipid metabolism.In addition,its levels were also implicated in the occurrence of various complications,such as diabetic nephropathy and diabetes-related cardiovascular diseases.This article summarizes and analyzes the role of irisin in the occurrence and development of diabetes mellitus and further describes its impact and mechanism on various diabetic complications.

Correlation study of carotid artery plaque components and CT cerebral perfusion by the analysis of CT energy spectrum imaging / 中国医学装备

Objective:To quantitatively analyze the plaque components of carotid artery through energy spectrum computed tomography angiography(CTA),and to measure the blood flow perfusion in the blood-supply area of carotid artery through CT perfusion(CTP),so as to explore the relationship among plaque component,the degree of luminal stenosis and cerebral blood flow perfusion.Methods:A total of 68 patients with unilateral plaques of carotid artery and severe vascular stenosis who were screened and diagnosed by ultrasound and CTA in Xiyuan Hospital from December 2017 to July 2019 were selected,and all patients underwent CTA examination and CTP examination.North American symptomatic carotid endarterectomy test(NASCET)method was used to measure the degree of carotid stenosis.The GE AW 4.7 post-process workstation was used to conduct analyses of energy spectrum and cerebral perfusion for the plaque component.And then,the slope of energy spectrum curve and the effective atomic number were obtained.At the same time,the cerebral blood volume(CBV),cerebral blood flow(CBF),time to peak(TTP)and mean transit time(MTT)of contrast agent in blood-supplying area of anterior cerebral artery(ACA)and middle cerebral artery(MCA)at the side of lesion were measured.Results:A total of 68 measured plaques of 68 patients met the condition,including 44 vulnerable plaques(including lipid plaques and mixed plaques)and 24 stable plaques(fibrous plaques).The average slopes of the energy spectrum curves of vulnerable plaque and stable plaque were respectively 0.45±0.45 and 1.15±0.39,and the differences were significant(t=2.413,P<0.05).The averagely effective atomic numbers of vulnerable plaques and stable plaques were respectively 7.21±1.06 and 8.01±0.63,and the difference were significant(t=2.548,P<0.05).The average TTP values of the ACA at the side of lesion of vulnerable plaques and stable plaques were respectively(12.20±1.61)S and(13.59±2.79)S,and the difference was significant(t=-2.607,P<0.05).The mean MTT values of the ACA at the side of lesion of vulnerable plaques and stable plaques were respectively(5.07±1.66)S and(6.09±2.19)S,and the difference was significant(t=-2.177,P<0.05).The degree of vascular stenosis at the side of lesion was positively correlated with TTP and MTT in blood-supplying area of middle cerebral artery(MCA)at the side of lesion(r=0.537,0.465,P<0.05),and that was negatively correlated with CBF values in blood-supplying areas of ACA and MCA at the side of lesion(r=-0.281,-0.569,P<0.05),respectively.The slope of the energy spectrum curve of carotid plaque was positively correlated with the TTP values in blood-supplying areas of ACA and MCA at the side of lesion(r=0.242,0.246,P<0.05),respectively.Conclusion:CT spectral imaging can quantitatively analyze the displayed components of carotid atherosclerotic plaque,and the degree of vascular stenosis can affect the blood flow perfusion of cerebral tissue,and the delays of TTP and MTT are more easily caused by vulnerable plaque,and the TTP of them is more sensitivity.

Effects of Guiqi Yiyuan Ointment on Immune Function in 12C6+ Beam Bystander-effect Rats / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe the effects and mechanism of Guiqi Yiyuan Ointment on immune function in 12C6+ beam bystander-effect rats.Methods Totally 60 Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,positive control group,and TCM low-,medium-,and high-dosage groups,with 10 rats in each group.TCM low-,medium-,and high-dosage groups were given 1.2,2.4,and 4.8 g/kg Guiqi Yiyuan Ointment for gavage,and the blank group,model group and positive control group were given equal dose of sodium chloride solution for gavage for 14 days.Positive control group received intraperitoneal injection of amifostine 30 minutes before modeling.On the 15th day,except the blank group,the other groups were given 4 Gy 12C6+ beam of single irradiation on the right lung.After irradiation,each group was given gavage for 3 days.The general condition of rats was observed,peripheral blood leukocyte(WBC),red blood cell(RBC),hemoglobin(Hb),platelet(PLT)levels were detected,ELISA was used to detect the contents of serum interleukin(IL)-4 and interferon-γ(IFN-γ),lung and spleen organ indices were calculated,HE staining was used to observe the pathological morphology of left lung and spleen tissues,and flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the spleen,qPCR was used to detect the expressions of T-bet and GATA-3 mRNA in right lung and spleen tissues.Results Compared with the blank group,the model group rats showed a decrease in peripheral blood WBC,an increase in RBC,Hb,PLT,and an decrease in serum IL-4 and IFN-γ contents;the organ indices of left lung and spleen was significantly reduced,the alveoli were deformed,the alveolar walls became thicker,the alveolar cavities shrank,the lung tissue was significantly bleeding,the spleen tissue structure was severely damaged,the splenic sinus cavity became narrower,and the splenic cord showed fibrous hyperplasia;the proportion of CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in spleen tissue of the model group decreased,while the proportion of CD8+ T lymphocytes increased,the expression of T-bet mRNA in the left lung and spleen tissues decreased,while the expression of GATA-3 mRNA increased,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the positive control group and TCM medium-and high-dosage groups showed an increase in peripheral blood WBC,an decrease in RBC,Hb,PLT,an increase in serum IL-4 and IFN-γ contents;the index of left lung and spleen organs increased in TCM high-dosage group;the pathological damage of left lung and spleen tissues in each treatment group alleviated to varying degrees,while the proportion of CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in spleen tissue of the positive control group and TCM high-dosage group increased,the proportion of CD8+ T lymphocytes decreased,the expression of T-bet mRNA in left lung and spleen tissues increased,and the expression of GATA-3 mRNA decreased,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion Guiqi Yiyuan Ointment can alleviate the lung and spleen injury of rats induced by 12C6+ beam radiation.Its mechanism is related to regulating the proportion of CD4+,CD8+ T lymphocytes and the expression of T-bet and GATA-3,and recovering cellular immune function.

Association between environmental exposure and hormone-sensitive cough in patients with chronic cough / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To explore the association between environment exposure and hormone-sensitive cough in patients with chronic cough.Methods:Clinical data of 197 patients with chronic cough visited outpatient clinic of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from June 2016 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, including 130 cases of corticosteroid responsive cough (CRC, 66.0%) and 67 cases of non-corticosteroid responsive cough (NCRC, 34.0%). The association between living environment exposure and hormone sensitivity was examined with a binary logistic regression analysis.Results:Among 197 patients with chronic cough, there were 82 males (41.6%) and 115 females (58.4%). 75.1% (148/197) had a history of smoking, and 16.8% (33/197) had a history of allergies. 66.0% (130/197) lived in the city center, 18.3% (36/197) had a chemical factory around their place of residence, 11.2% (22/197) renovated their homes within the first six months of the disease, 15.7% (31/197) purchase new furniture, 54.3% (107/197) plant flowers and plants in their houses, 21.3% (42/197) keep pets in their houses, 79.2% (156/197) had lived in their houses for more than 2 years, 71.1% (140/197) had cockroaches in their houses, 16.2% (32/197) had mold in their houses, 83.3% (164/197) had a frequency of air conditioning cleaning exceeds 2 months per time.There were 130 patients (66.0%) with CRC and 67 patients (34.0%) with NCRC.Binary logistic regression analysis showed that living close to the main road ( OR=2.296, 95% CI: 1.350-3.904, P=0.002), living near chemical factories ( OR=3.322, 95% CI: 2.158-5.573, P<0.001), history of allergy ( OR=2.175, 95% CI: 1.165-4.058, P=0.015), purchasing new furniture within 6 months ( OR=2.828, 95% CI: 1.402-5.706, P=0.004), cotton and linen curtains ( OR=1.875, 95% CI: 1.038-3.388, P=0.037) were positively correlated with CRC; while down and wool pillowcases and quilts ( OR=0.142, 95% CI: 0.033-0.602, P=0.008; OR=0.207, 95% CI: 0.067-0.640, P=0.006) and low ventilation frequency ( OR=0.281, 95% CI: 0.131-0.603, P=0.001) were negatively correlated with CRC. Conclusion:Hormone-sensitive cough patients account the most of chronic cough cases, and there are differences in the living environment exposure between CRC and NCRC patients, which provides information for corresponding interventions to prevent and manage CRC.

Analyze the Laws and Mechanism of the National Patent Chinese Herbal Prescription for Gout / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]To explore the medication rule of TCM compound patent in the treatment of gout,and analyze the mechanism of action of the core herbs based on the national patent database.[Methods]The Chinese herbal compound patent database for gout treatment was retrieved and entered into the Website of China Patent Announcement of The State Intellectual Property Office.The characteristics of medications were analyzed by frequency statistics,Apriori algorithm,factor analysis and systematic clustering method.The Chinese herbs targets of the core herbs combinations were obtained through Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),and the gout disease targets were obtained from Human Gene database(GeneCards)and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM)database.The intersection of the two targets was imported into Cytoscape 3.9.1 software,and the Cluego plug-in was used to complete the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis of the herb combinations.The intersection targets were imported into STRING database to obtain protein-protein interaction(PPI)network,and some key targets were selected for molecular docking with corresponding active compounds of Chinese herbs.[Results]A total of 508 Chinese herbal compound patents were included in the treatment of gout,involving 401 Chinese herbs,and the frequency of herbs was 6 082 times.Chinese herbs for diuresis-inducing and dampness-draining were mainly used,followed by herbs for tonifying deficiency,clearing heat,promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.The analysis of association rules obtained 3 binomial association rules and 5 trinomial association rules.Eight common factors were extracted by factor analysis.Three groups of herbs combinations were obtained by systematic clustering analysis,and 56 common biological pathways of herbs combination enrichment were found.Molecular docking results showed that the combination of Quercetin and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)was the best,followed by Baicalein and interleukin-6(IL-6),and the combination of Quercetin and adenosine triphosphate binding cassette super family G member 2(ABCG2)was good.[Conclusion]The national patent prescriptions for gout treatment based on the core pathogenesis of"turbid dampness and blood stasis"are mainly from three aspects of dampness,blood stasis and deficiency.The core herbs combinations are often supplemented or subtracted based on Simiao Powder,Fuling Zexie Decoction and Siwu Decoction.Chinese herbs mainly exert their effects through multiple signaling pathways such as TNF,hypoxia inducible factor-1(HIF-1),Toll-like receptors(TLRs)and IL-17 and promote excretion of uric acid.

Screening of Core Prescriptions for Tremors Based on Integrated Strategy of "Empirical Prescriptions in Ancient Books-medical Cases by Prestigious Doctors-computational Analysis" / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveBased on the integrated strategy of "empirical prescriptions in ancient books-medical cases by prestigious doctors-computational analysis"， this study aims to explore and analyze the prescriptions and medical cases for treating tremors in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， predict their efficacy， and obtain the core prescriptions for treating tremors in TCM， providing references for clinical application and new drug development. MethodThe Chinese Medicine Prescription Database and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI） were searched for relevant prescriptions and medical cases for treating tremors in TCM to establish a database of prescriptions for tremors. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Computer System （V3.0） was used to analyze and explore the medication rules including drug frequency， properties， flavor， meridian tropism， and pharmacological effects， as well as core drugs and formula associations. A multi-target drug efficacy prediction platform based on network robustness was used to evaluate the predicted efficacy of the core prescriptions obtained. Based on the integration of ancient prescriptions， prestigious doctors' medical cases， and network analysis results， the priority level of the developed prescriptions was determined through comprehensive evaluation. ResultA total of 81 ancient prescriptions were screened， involving 246 drugs， and 171 prescriptions were screened from prestigious doctors' medical cases， involving 278 drugs. The frequently used TCM drugs were mostly warm in nature and sweet in flavor， mainly acting on the liver， spleen， and kidney meridians. In terms of efficacy， they were mainly effective in tonifying deficiency， soothing liver and extinguishing wind， activating blood and resolving blood stasis， clearing heat， and resolving exterior. Through association rules and K-means clustering， the core prescriptions were composed of high-frequency drugs such as Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma， Astragali Radix， Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma， Angelicae Sinensis Radix， Poria， Gastrodiae Rhizoma， and Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis. Drug combinations mainly focused on tonifying Qi and nourishing blood， with the additional functions of calming wind and dredging collaterals. Clustering analysis of core prescriptions from ancient prescriptions and prestigious doctors' medical cases， as well as multi-target drug efficacy prediction， showed that Combination 1 had the highest disturbance score on the disease network. Furthermore， comparative analysis revealed consistent results with both the analysis of ancient prescriptions and prestigious doctors' medical cases， indicating its optimal development potential based on theoretical inheritance and empirical practice. In comparison， Combinations 3， 2， and 4 were less utilized in contemporary clinical practice， with lower rankings in network disturbance scores， suggesting that their development value still warranted further exploration. ConclusionTCM clinical treatment of tremors emphasizes the regulation of the liver， spleen， and kidney. In line of syndrome differentiation， drugs potent in soothing liver， extinguishing wind， activating blood， and resolving blood stasis are added based on deficiency-tonifying drugs. The core prescriptions based on Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， Angelicae Sinensis Radix， Paeoniae Radix Alba， Astragali Radix， Poria， and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma （combination 1） have the highest potential development value. The integrated strategy "empirical prescriptions in ancient books-medical cases by prestigious doctors-computational analysis" can be used for the screening of candidate prescriptions for new TCM drugs.