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Objective:To further elucidate the pathogenesis of hemifacial spasm by analyzing blinking reflex characteristics.Methods:A total of 63 patients with hemifacial spasm (hemifacial spasm group) who underwent neuroelectrophysiological evaluation in Department of Neurological Electrophysiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were included as study subjects. Additionally, 58 patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia (trigeminal neuralgia group), 8 patients with post-facial paralysis associated exercise (post-facial paralysis associated exercise group), and 20 healthy volunteers (normal group) were selected as controls. Differences in facial nerve motor conduction velocity, complex muscle action potential latency, and blinking reflex characteristics including R1 latency, R1 amplitude, R2 initiation latency, R2 amplitude, R2 terminal latency, R2' initiation latency recorded on the affected side, R2' amplitude recorded on the affected side, and R2' terminal latency recorded on the affected side were collected and compared. Severity of hemifacial spasm was graded from grade 1 to grade 4 according to Samsung Medical Center scoring system; based on microvascular decompression findings regarding responsible blood vessels contacted with the facial nerve, patients were divided into one responsible blood vessel group and two or more responsible blood vessels group; trends or differences in incidences of increased/prolonged blink reflex indexes among all groups were analyzed.Results:No significant difference in facial nerve motor conduction velocity or complex muscle action potential latency was noted among the 4 groups ( P>0.05); the hemifacial spasm group had significantly higher R1 amplitude than the trigeminal neuralgia group and post-facial paralysis associated exercise group; additionally, the hemifacial spasm group had significantly higher R2 amplitude, R2' amplitude recorded on the affected side, R2 terminal latency, and R2' terminal latency recorded on the affected side compared with the other 3 groups ( P<0.05). Among patients with varying degrees of hemifacial spasm, increased incidences of increased R1 amplitude and prolonged R2 terminal latency were noted with increased spasm degrees, enjoying significant differences ( P<0.05). No significant differences in incidences of increased R1 amplitude, increased R2 amplitude, prolonged R2 terminal latency, increased R2' amplitude recorded on the affected side or prolonged R2' terminal latency recorded on the affected side were noted between one responsible blood vessel group and two or more responsible blood vessels group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Increased R1 amplitude and prolonged R2 latency in patients with hemifacial spasm further substantiate the pathogenesis of hyperexcitability within facial nerve nucleus.
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Objective To investigate the feasibility,safety and effectiveness of endovascular angioplasty with covered stent and embolization with spring coil in treating ruptured femoral artery pseudoaneurysm (FAP) associated with bleeding caused by injection of addictive drug.Methods The clinical data of 32 patients with ruptured FAP complicated by bleeding caused by injection of addictive drug,who were admitted to authors' hospital during the period from July 2012 to December 2015,were retrospectively analyzed.The average age of the patients was 36.5 years old,among them 25 patients were male (78.1％).Results Successful hemostasis was achieved in all 32 patients.The technical success rate of endovascular therapy was 100％,and no death occurred during perioperative period.Endovascular repair with covered stent was carried out in 25 patients (78.1％),embolization of femoral profound artery with spring coil in 9 patients (9.4％),and covered stent implantation together with embolization of femoral profound artery in 4 patients (12.5％).The patients were followed up for a mean of (17.5±11.6) months,with a follow-up rate being 93.8％ (30/32).The 3-year cumulative stent patency rate was 90.9％,and the 3-year overall survival rate was 91.3％.Conclusion For the treatment of ruptured FAP complicated by bleeding caused by injection of addictive drug,endovascular treatment is safe and effective with satisfactory mid-term clinical effect.This technique helps win the valuable time for critically ill patients to receive two-stage surgical debridement and vascular repair,as two-stage thorough debridement is an important means to control infection.
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Objective To investigate the effect of estrogen (E2) on the connexin43 (Cx43) expression of renal interlobar arteries after renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R).Methods The experiment was carried out in vivo using an SD rat I/R model.SD rats were randomly divided into normal group,sham-operation group,I/R group,and estrogen-intervention group.The functional changes of the kidney were analyzed after 24 hours of I/R;nephridial tissue section was stained by hematoxylin-eosin (HE),and Paller scores were used to evaluate the degree of kidney damage.Pressure myography was utilized to detect the vasomotor function of renal interlobar arteries.Immunofluorescence technique,qRT-PCR and Western blot were applied to determine the expression of Cx43 in renal interlobar arteries in different groups.Results Estrogen markedly decreased the levels of Cr and BUN in the serum of I/R rats (P＜0.05),and the damage of the kidney tissue could be improved noticeably.The vasomotor rate of renal interlobar arteries was (24.80 ± 3.70)％ after I/R and (41.60 ± 3.50)％ after treatment with estrogen,which was higher than that of I/R group (P＜0.05).The expression of Cx43 was lower in renal interlobar arteries of estrogen-intervention group than that in I/R group (P＜0.01).Conclusion Estrogen may reduce vascular tension and boost dilation of the artery by inhibiting Cx43 expression and GJ function.Therefore,estrogen may attenuate the damage of I/R and improve renal function.
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Objective:To investigate the immediate bond strength and surface structure of resin and the tooth enamel which treated by cold plasma.Methods:In the study,40 bovine incisors were divided into two equal parts.In this sense,all enamel adhesive samples were prepared and then randomly divided into 4 groups(n =20).group 1:acid +single bond 2 +resin composite(control group);group 2:beyond bleaching+acid+single bond 2+resin composite;group 3:treated by cold plasma for 5 minutes+acid+single bond 2+resin composite;group 4:treated by cold plasma for 5 minutes+single bond 2+resin composite.Single bond 2 bonding system and Filtek Z250 resin were used in this experiment.The shear bond strength was tested by universal testing machine.The surface of the enamel in different processes was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM).Statistical analyses by the single factor analysis of variance and multiple pairwise comparisons were performed with SPSS 1 7 .0 .Results:The shear bond strength of group 4 (8.60 MPa)was significantly lower than that of the other three groups (P<0.05). The shear bond strength of group 2 (1 7.89 MPa)was higher than that of group 4,but lower than group 1 and group 3 (P<0.05).There was no significant difference between group 1 (34.82 MPa)and group 3 (34.69 MPa).Scanning electron microscope indicated that the enamel treated by cold plasma had slight molten form,which was different from etched enamel surface.The fractured surface of group 3 was mix fracture,which was similar to the control group (group 1 ).Conclusion:Compared with the conven-tional clinic bleaching,immediate bond strength of resin-enamel that treated by cold plasma has not been affected.
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Objective To study the beneficial effect and mechanism of Alcea rosea roots in nephrolithiasis model in-duced by 1%ethylene glycol in rats. Methods We randomly divided 60 male Wistar rats into six groups,including control group, model group, Alcea rosea roots lower-dose preventive group, Alcea rosea roots high-dose preventive group, Alcea ro-sea roots lower-dose curative group, Alcea rosea roots high-dose curative group. Control group was free to access food and water;model group was given 1%ethylene glycol drinking water and was fed with normal diet, preventive group was given 1%ethylene glycol drink and Alcea rosea roots in low (250 mg/kg) or high dose (500 mg/kg) each day, curative group re-ceived 1%ethylene glycol drink each day and Alcea rosea roots in low or high dose from day 15 to day 28. At the end of the experiment, various renal functional and injury markers such as urine volume, calcium, phosphate, magnesium, urea, creati-nine, and oxalate were evaluated using urine, serum, and kidney homogenates. The kidneys were removed and prepared for histological evaluation of calcium oxalate deposits. Results In model groups, urine output, urea, creatinine, 24 h urine Ca2+, and oxalate and MDA were increased compared to those in control group(P＜0.05). GSH and SOD were increased in preventative and curative groups compared to those in the model group(P ＜ 0.05). The urea, creatinine, 24 h urine Ca2+, urine oxalate, MDA were reduced in preventive and curative groups compared to those in the model group(P＜0.05). The number and size of calcium oxalate crystal deposits were also less and smaller, and the kidney damage was less severe in pre-ventive and curative groups compared to in the model group. Conclusion The extract of Alcea rosea roots can prevent and treat calcium oxalate urinary stone formation in rats and protect renal function.
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Objective To determine vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-460 gene polymorphism in Uyghurs and its relationship to urolithiasis in south Xinjiang. Methods Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP),gene sequencing and genetic analysis methods were used in 200 urolithiasis patients of Uyghurs, and 200 healthy Uyghurs. Results The distribution of genotype and allele had no significant difference between urolithiasis patients and normal controls (P＞0. 05). The frequencies for the CC,TT and CT genotypes in patients with urolithiasis and normal controls were 1.5 %, 29.0 %, 69.5 % and 0. 5 %, 27.5 %, 72.0 %, respectively. The frequencies for C and T allele were 36.2%,63.7% and 36.9% ,63.1%, respectively. Conclusions The results of VEGF-460 gene polymorphisms indicate no significant relationship between patients with turolithiasis and normal controls in Uyghurs in south Xinjiang,which may not be urolithiasis susceptibility genetic locus.
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BACKGROUND: Dental porcelain crown containing Ni-Cr alloy has been widely used in modern dentistry. The dispute of its safety is limited in oral cavity and neighbor tissues, however, the relevance between Ni-Cr alloy and systemic disease, such as nephridium toxicosis, are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the possibility of Ni-Cr porcelain crown resulted nephropathy and to explore its long-term clinical safety.METHODS: Databases of VIP, CNKI, Wanfang, CBMdisc, Biosis Previews and BioOne were researched by computer with key words of "nickle chromium alloy, porcelain crown, nephridium toxicosis" both in Chinese and English. Literatures concerning Ni-Cr porcelain crown and toxicity of related metal ion were included, repetitive research was excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: By consulting literatures, the possibility of erosion and release of heavy metal ion lead to nephridium toxicosis were analyzed with following aspects: effects of Ni-Cr alloy corrosivity and its accumulation on oral cavity or systemic disease; direct toxicity of released metal ions from Ni-Cr alloy and susceptivity of nephridium toxicosis; and the possible ways for renal damage resulted by Ni-Cr ion. This study can provide a basis for the further research concerning security of dental porcelain crown containing Ni-Cr alloy.
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Purpose To clarify the morphologic changes and significance of interstitial cells of Cajal-like cells in the bladder of diabetic guinea pig.Methods The experimental guinea pigs were induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ).The diabetic guinea pig model, who were made succesful for 4 weeks, were detected through the urodynamic evaluation.The distribution of ICCs-like cells in the detrusor, which were taken from these guinea pigs,were quantitatively analyzed after frozen section and indirect immunofluorescence methods and observed by electron microscopy.Results In the diabetic group, the maximum detrusor pressure was signifently lower than controls (P＜0.01), maximum bladder capacity, compliance, residual volume and leak point pressures was significently higer than controls (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01);In detrusor, compared with control, the ICCs-like cells of diabetes group showed significently decreased in quantity. In diabetic bladder, the quantity of gap junctions between ICCs-like cells and cells around,such as smoth muscle cells,terminal nerves and other ICCs-like cells,decreased significently.And more cavities and less organoids occurred in cytoplasm of diabetic ICCs-like cells. Mitochondria became swollen or even disapeared, accompanied with swollen endocytoplasmic reticulum.Conclusion The decrease and injures of ICCs-like cells in bladder may be one of the mechanisms resulting in urodynamic changes of diabetic cystopathy.