Chemical constituents from Ganoderma angustisporum and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities / 中成药

AIM To study the chemical constituents from Ganoderma angustisporum J.H.Xing,B.K.Cui&Y.C.Dai and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.METHODS The ethyl acetate extract from G.angustisporum was isolated and purified by silica gel,ODS,TLC and HPLC,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.pNPG method was used to evaluate their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.RESULTS Seven compounds were isolated and identified as N-acetyl-L-phenylalanine ethyl ester(1),N-acetyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester(2),4-hydroxy-17R-methylincisterol(3),6,8-di-O-methylaverufin(4),aversin(5),methyl 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)aceate(6),5-toluene-1,3-diol(7).Compounds 1-2,4-7 showed inhibitory activities of α-glucosidase with IC50 values being(33.80±0.47),(45.45±7.95),(48.80±5.86),(39.48±2.82),(41.47±6.68),(55.38±10.12)μmol/L,and compound 1 showed good inhibitory activity.CONCLUSION Compound 1 is a new natural product.Compounds 2-7 are isolated from genus Ganoderma for the first time.Compounds 1-2,4-7 have α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.

Observation on the efficacy of Nd:YAG laser peripheral iridotomy in the treatment of drug-uncontrollable PACG in acute attack / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To explore the effects of Nd:YAG laser peripheral iridotomy(LPI)in the treatment of drug-uncontrollable primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG)in acute attack.<p>METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on 22 eyes of 20 patients with drug-refractory primary angle-closure glaucoma treated in the Department of Ophthalmology of Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital from May 2019 to June 2020. All subjects underwent Nd:YAG LPI. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure, chamber angle closure range, anterior chamber angle(ACA), anterior chamber volume(ACV), central anterior chamber depth(CACD)and peripheral anterior chamber depth(PACD)were measured before and after the operation. And observe the complications of LPI.<p>RESULTS:All patients can implement LPI. All subjects' chamber angle closure range were >180° before LPI and 9 eyes(41%)were ≤180° after LPI. The intraocular pressure of 21 eyes(95%)had significantly lower than postoperative(<i>P</i><0.05). Postoperative anterior chamber parameters such as ACA, ACV and PACD were increased(<i>P</i><0.05). During the operation,15 eyes(68%)had iris cascade or silk hemorrhage and 5 eyes(23%)had corneal epithelial damage.<p>CONCLUSION: LPI has high safety and can be implemented in the acute attack stage of drug-uncontrollable PACG. It can reduce intraocular pressure effectively and relieve symptoms, which has a significant effect in the patients.

A review of ANO1-based calcium activated chloride channel modulators / 药学学报

Calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC) is an anion channel, widely distributed in the human body, taking a part in cell functions including secretion, heart muscle repolarization, nerve signal transmission and several physiological activities. The anoctamin 1 (ANO1) protein is the molecular basis of CaCC and the modification of ANO1 protein will produce a variety of pharmacological effects, such as analgesia, treating dysentery and asthma, even tumor proliferation and migration inhibition. In the past decade, many methods in screening of ANO1 regulators have been developed. Although a series of the ANO1-based CaCC regulatory molecules have been identified, the pharmacological effects of these molecules are not consistent. In this review, we introduce ANO1 protein regulators from many aspects including bio-test methods, structure-activity relationships, and the potential applications.

Antipsychotic Medications in Major Depression and the Association with Treatment Satisfaction and Quality of Life: Findings of Three National Surveys on Use of Psychotropics in China Between 2002 and 2012 / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Optimizing treatment outcomes for depression requires understanding of how evidence-based treatments are utilized in clinical practice. Antipsychotic medications concurrent with antidepressant treatment are frequently used in major depression, but few studies have investigated trends and patterns of their use over time. This study aimed to examine the prescription patterns of antipsychotic medications for major depression in China from 2002 to 2012 and their association with treatment satisfaction and quality of life (QOL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 3655 subjects with major depression treated in 45 Chinese psychiatric hospitals/centers nationwide were interviewed between 2002 and 2012. Patients' socio-demographic and clinical characteristics including psychopathology, medication side effects, satisfaction with treatment and QOL were recorded using a standardized protocol and data collection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The frequency of antipsychotic use was 24.9% in the whole sample; the corresponding figures were 17.1%, 20.3%, and 32.8% in 2002, 2006, and 2012, respectively (χ2 = 90.3, df = 2, P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that patients on concurrent antipsychotics had significantly more delusions or hallucinations, longer illness duration, greater side effects, and more likely to be treated as inpatients and in major hospitals (i.e., Level-III hospital). Antipsychotic use was associated with lower treatment satisfaction while there was no significant difference with respect to physical and mental QOL between the antipsychotic and nonantipsychotic groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Concurrent antipsychotic use was found in about one in four treated depressed patients in China, which has increased over a 10-year period. Considering the association of drug-induced side effects and the lack of patients' and relatives' satisfaction with antipsychotic treatment, further examination of the rationale and appropriateness of the use of antipsychotics in depression is needed.</p>