Effect of LncRNA p21 regulating Hippo-YAP signaling pathway on formation of abdominal aortic aneurysm in mice and its mechanism / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of long non- coding RNA p21 (LncRNA p21) regulating Hippo- Yes-associated protein (Hippo-YAP) signaling pathway on the formation of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in mice. Methods C57BL/6 ApoE

Epidemiological investigation of a school COVID-19 outbreak in Shanghai / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo describe a COVID-19 outbreak due to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in a school and provide suggestions for COVID-19 prevention and control. MethodsData on the COVID-19 outbreak in a school in Putuo District of Shanghai were collected from November 14 to December 20， 2022. Epidemiological characteristics， incidence rate of secondary cases and response measures were described and analyzed. ResultsA total of 27 COVID-19 cases were identified infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5.2 variant， including 14 students （51.9%） and 13 family members / teachers living with those students （48.1%）. The first case occurred on November 14， with peak incidence during November 16-18. The median generation interval of the second generation cases was 2 （2，3） days. The index case （case 1， a student） had a clear contact history outside the school， which was found through routine examination in key populations in the school. Immediate management was conducted after the notification. All the second generation cases were exposed students in the same class with case 1， which were identified during the quarantine， whereas the third generation cases were their family members/teachers living with the second generation cases. The incidence rate within the class and school were 36.8% and 3.0%， respectively. No further social transmission was found outside the school. ConclusionEarly detection， multi-sectoral collaboration， prompt control and quarantine measures are effective in containing SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Health promotion， surveillance， ventilation and prophylactic disinfection should be reinforced in schools， office buildings and other gathering places.

Design of non-metallic crown for primary molars and analyzation of stress distribution: a finite element study / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objectives: To study the design of nonmetallic crowns for deciduous molars by means of computer aided design and to analyze the key parameters of the nonmetallic crowns of deciduous molars using finite element method. Methods: The three-dimensional model of a mandibular second primary molar was constructed by using a micro-CT system. The thickness of the crown was limited to 0.5 mm and four different crown shapes (chamfer+anatomic, chamfer+non-anatomic, knife edge+anatomic and knife edge+non-anatomic) were designed. Then, the crown shape was limited as chamfer+non-anatomic and five different thicknesses of the crown (0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25, 1.50 mm) were designed, and three different materials, including polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) resin and resin-infiltrated ceramic, were applied to make the crown. Stress distribution and fatigue of each component of the model under vertical and oblique loadings were analyzed by using finite element method. Non-axial retention analysis was performed on chamfer+non-anatomic crowns, made of PMMA resin, with thicknesses of 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25 and 1.50 mm. Results: Among the four crown shape designs, the chamfer+non-anatomic type crown showed the lowest von Mises stress and the highest safety factor. By comparing three different materials, the resin-infiltrated ceramic group showed obvious stress concentration on the buccal edge of the crown and the PEKK group showed stress concentration in the adhesive layer. Results of non-axial retention analysis showed that the torques required by the crowns with five thicknesses at the same rotation angle were as follows: 4 856.1, 4 038.1, 3 497.3, 3 256.3 and 3 074.3 N⋅m, respectively. The comparison of areas of the adhesives fracture among groups were as follows: 0.5 mm group < 0.75 mm group < 1.00 mm group < 1.25 mm group < 1.50 mm group. Conclusions: In the design of nonmetallic crowns for primary molars, the edge of the crown should be designed as chamfer, the shape of the inner crown should be non-anatomical and the minimum preparation amount of the occlusal surface should be 1.00 mm. Among the three materials, PMMA resin, of which elastic modulus is similar to the dentin and the dental adhesive, might be the most suitable material for the crowns of primary molars.

Epigenetic regulation of microglia-mediated innate immune memory and neurological diseases / 生理学报

Microglia have the ability to mediate innate immune memory and can be reprogrammed by primary stimuli to enhance or inhibit the immune response of microglia to secondary stimuli. Inflammatory stimulation is an important factor for microglia to mediate innate immune memory. Single or repeated stimulation can induce microglia to form different phenotypes. Microglia-mediated innate immune response is involved in the regulation of immune memory. Enhancer modification is a key pathway of microglia epigenetic regulation, and the H3K27ac enhancer marker is closely related to immune training. TGF-β1 mediates the interaction between IL-10 and IL-1β, thereby influencing the microglial phenotype. Microglia glycolysis activity is increased after immune training, and oxidative phosphorylation is associated with immune tolerance. Innate immune memory is closely associated with neurodegenerative diseases, brain tumors, brain damage and psychosis. Further study on the mechanism of microglia-mediated innate immune memory is helpful to understand the occurrence and development of central nervous system diseases and provide new options for the treatment of central nervous system diseases.

Therapeutic effect and influence of fluvastatin combined arotinolol on GDF-15 and NGAL levels in patients with coronary heart disease complicated heart failure / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective: To study therapeutic effect and influence of fluvastatin combined arotinolol on serum levels of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) complicated heart failure (HF). Methods: A total of 140 CHD + HF patients, who were treated in our department of cardiology from May 2013 to May 2015, were selected. According to random number table, patients were randomly and equally divided into arotinolol group and combined treatment group (received fluvastatin based on arotinolol group), both groups were treated for three months. Therapeutic effect, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDd), end-diastolic interventricular septal thickness (IVSTd), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac index (CI), stroke index (SI), stroke volume (SV), serum levels of GDF-15 and NGAL before and after treatment were compared between two groups. Results: Compared with arotinolol group after treatment, there were significant rise in LVEF [(45. 31±6. 73) ％ vs. (72. 64±7. 29) ％], MAP [(59. 34±6. 93) mmHg vs. (75. 61±7. 24) mmHg], CI [(2. 66±1. 31) L/min2 vs. (3. 12± 1. 37) L/min2], SI [(27. 15±4. 37) ml/m2 vs. (49. 81±5. 79) ml/m2]and SV [(60. 99±5. 13) ml vs. (71. 24± 5. 94) ml], and significant reductions in IVSTd [(13. 51±3. 17) mm vs. (11. 27±7. 26) mm], serum levels of GDF-15 [(1153. 4±153. 7) ng/L vs. (923. 8±81. 4) ng/L]and NGAL [(112. 52±61. 49) μg/L vs. (78. 14± 35. 74) μg/L]in combined treatment group (P＜0. 05 or＜0. 01). Total effective rate of combined treatment group was significantly higher than that of arotinolol group (87. 14％ vs. 74. 29％), P=0. 007. Conclusion: Fluvastatin combined arotinolol can effectively improve heart function, significantly reduce serum GDF-15 and NGAL levels, and improve prognosis in CHD + HF patients, which is worth extending.

Expression of high mobility group protein B1 in the lungs of rats with sepsis / 世界急诊医学杂志（英文）

BACKGROUND: Vibrio vulnificus inside the body could activate the NF-κB signaling pathway and initiate the inflammatory cascade. The lung is one of the earliest organs affected by sepsis associated with acute lung injury. High mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) is an important late-acting pro-inflammatory cytokine involving in the pathophysiology of sepsis. It is also involved in the injury process in the lung, liver and intestine. There has been no report on the involvement of HMGB1 in Vibrio vulnificus sepsis-induced lung injury. METHODS: Sixty rats were randomly divided into a normal control group (group A,n=10) and a Vibrio vulnificus sepsis group (group B,n=50). Sepsis was induced in the rats by subcutaneous injection of Vibrio vulnificus (concentration 6×108 cfu/mL, volume 0.1 mL/100g)) into the left lower limbs. The rats in group B were sacrificed separately 1, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after the infection. Their lungs were stored as specimens, lung water content was measured, and lung pathology was observed under a light microscope. The expressions of the HMGB1 gene and protein in the lungs were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the LSD method for pair-wise comparison between the two groups.P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Compared to group A (0.652±0.177), HMGB1 mRNA expression in the lungs of group B was significantly higher at 0 hour (1.161±0.358,P=0.013), 24 hours (1.679±0.235,P=0.000), and 48 hours (1.258±0.274,P=0.004) (P<0.05), and peaked at 24 hours. Compared to group A (0.594±0.190), HMGB1 protein expression at 6 hours (1.408±0.567,P=0.026) after infection was significantly increased (P<0. 05), and peaked at 24 hours (2.415±1.064,P=0.000) after infection. Compared to group A (0.699±0.054), lung water content was significantly increased at 6 hours (0.759±0.030,P=0.001),12 hours (0.767±0.023,P=0.000), 24 hours (0.771±0.043,P=0.000) and 48 hours (0.789±0.137,P=0.000) after infection (P<0.05). Compared to group A, pathological changes at 12 hours in group B indicate marked pulmonary vascular congestion, interstitial edema and inflammatory infiltration. Alveolar cavity collapse and boundaries of the alveolar septum could not be clearly identified. CONCLUSION:Vibrio vulnificus sepsis can lead to injury in rat lungs, and increased HMGB1 expression in lung tissue may be one of the mechanisms for injury from Vibrio vulnificus sepsis.

Expression of inflammatory factors in lung tissue of acute paraquat poisoned rats / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of inflammatory factors in lung tissue of acute paraquat (PQ) poisoned rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty male SD rats were randomized divided into two groups: the normal control group (NC group, n = 10) and the PQ group (n = 40). The 1 ml saline was administered once in normal control group. The PQ group was administered with 20 mg/kg 1% PQ by intraperitoneal injection to establish the model of PQ induced lung injury. At six hours, at the first, the third and the seventh day the PQ group were sacrificed, while at the first day the normal control group was sacrificed. The level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA, interleukin 10 (IL-10) mRNA, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1) mRNA in lung of rats were detected. Meanwhile, pathological changes of the lung were examined under optical microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with that in normal control group, TNF-alpha mRNA expression in lung tissue of PQ group reached the peak at the six hour and decreased slowly at the first day [(0.740 +/- 0.100) and (0.584 +/- 0.049) respectively]. At the six hour and the first day in PQ group it was significantly higher than that in normal control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). IL-10 mRNA expression in lung tissue of PQ group was elevated at the six hour, reached the peak at the first day, at the third day [(0.551 +/- 0.016) and (0.524 +/- 0.010) respectively] and the seventh day also higher than that in normal control group. At the first and the seventh day in the PQ group it was significantly higher than that in normal control group (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, HMGB-1 mRNA expression in lung tissue of PQ group was also elevated at the six hour, reached the peak at the first day, at the third [(0.695 +/- 0.060), (0.871 +/- 0.154) and (0.819 +/- 0.188) respectively] and the seventh day also higher than that in normal control group. At six hour, the first and the third day in the PQ group it was significantly higher than that in normal control group (P < 0.01). The histological changes such as alveolar edema, hemorrhage and inflammatory cell infiltration in the PQ group were more than those in the normal control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In rats after PQ intoxication the levels of the inflammatory factors TNF-alpha, IL-10 and HMGB-1 are higher than normal rats, and inflammatory could play an important role in lung injury of poisoned rats.</p>

Qiantongding Decoction: An efficacious therapeutic for type III B prostatitis / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Qiantongding Decoction in the treatment of type III B prostatitis or chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy patients with type III B prostatitis / CPPS were randomly divided into an experimental group (n = 36) and a control group (n = 34), the former treated with Qiantongding Decoction, and the latter with oral Indometacin, both for a month. Then their scores on Pelvic Pain Symptom Survey and NIH-CPSI were documented and compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>An obvious improvement was observed in both groups after the treatment, with significant differences from pre-treatment (P < 0.05), and the experimental group showed a significantly better alleviation of pain than the control (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Qiantongding Decoction has an obvious therapeutic effect on type III B prostatitis / CPPS.</p>

Approaches for Antigen Epitope Study and the Development of Antigen Epitopes of Foot-and-mouth Disease Virus / 微生物学通报

This paper reviews the common approaches for B cell epitopes and T cell epitopes study in recent years, and its application in foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV)’s antigen epitope study. The development of antigen epitopes of FMDV are also summarized.