Funcionamiento Familiar y Autoestima en Adolescentes de la ciudad de Guayaquil, Ecuador / Family functioning and Self-esteem in adolescents from the Guayaquil city, Ecuador

Resumen En un contexto donde la dinámica familiar y la autoestima de los adolescentes se erigen como elementos fundamentales para su desarrollo, esta investigación propone desentrañar las intrincadas conexiones entre ambas variables a través de un estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, correlacional y de corte transversal, y teniendo como objetivo principal determinar la relación entre el funcionamiento familiar y la autoestima durante los meses de noviembre y diciembre de 2022, en 870 estudiantes de bachillerato de la ciudad de Guayaquil. Los datos se obtuvieron a partir del cuestionario de funcionamiento familiar FF-SIL y la escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg aplicados previamente por el personal del Departamento de Consejería Estudiantil. El análisis mostró el predominio de familias moderadamente funcionales en la población estudiada (43,3 % mujeres y 53,9 % hombres), con diferencias estadísticamente significativas, la población femenina (45,54 %) y la masculina (47,90 %) con relación a la variable funcionamiento familiar. La autoestima valorada como baja prevaleció en ambos sexos (51,5 % mujeres y 38,8 % hombres), exhibiendo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la población femenina (25,54) y la masculina (27,54) respecto a esta variable. La correlación del funcionamiento familiar con la autoestima concluyó como estadísticamente significativa directamente proporcional y de baja intensidad. Estos resultados proporcionan una base significativa para futuras intervenciones y políticas destinadas a fortalecer el bienestar psicológico de los adolescentes.

Abstract In a context where family dynamics and adolescent self-esteem stand as fundamental elements for their development, this research proposes to unravel the intricate connections between both variables through a quantitative, non-experimental, correlational, and cross-sectional study and taking This study aimed to determine the relationship between family functioning and self-esteem during November and December 2022, in 870 high school students in the city of Guayaquil. The data were obtained from the FF-SIL family functioning questionnaire and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale previously applied by the Student Counseling Department staff. The analysis showed the predominance of moderately functional families in the studied population (43.3% women and 53.9% men), with statistically significant differences between the female population (45.54 %) and the male population (47.90) concerning the family functioning variable. Self-esteem was valued as low prevailed in both sexes (51.5% women and 38.8% men), exhibiting statistically significant differences between the female population (25.54) and the male population (27.54 %) regarding this variable. The correlation of family functioning with self-esteem was statistically significant, directly proportional, and low intensity. These results provide a significant basis for future interventions and policies to strengthen adolescents' psychological well-being.

Aportes para el abordaje de la salud de las y los adolescentes como sujeto de derechos desde una mirada antropológica / Contributions to address the health of adolescents as rights holders from an anthropological perspective

Este artículo se propone reflexionar en torno al reconocimiento de la condición jurídica de las y los adolescentes como sujeto de derechos en los procesos de atención de la salud de esta población. A partir de la autonomía progresiva y la participación directa entendidos como dos principios rectores de la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño (CDN), se realiza un contrapunto entre las definiciones presentes en la política de salud en la adolescencia y las prácticas y sentidos puestos en juego por las/os profesionales de la salud. Las reflexiones se basan en el análisis de materiales etnográficos, producidos en una investigación realizada en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca, desde una perspectiva antropológica, centrada en la definición social de las edades. Para cerrar, se plantea una síntesis de algunos aspectos con el propósito de contribuir a la problematización de las nociones de adolescencia desde las cuales se brinda atención sanitaria de esta población. Y de favorecer el abordaje de la salud de las y los adolescentes como sujeto de derechos (AU)

This article aims to reflect on the recognition of the legal status of adolescents as subject of rights in the health care processes of this population. Starting from progressive autonomy and direct participation understood as two guiding principles of the Children's Rights Convention (CRC), a counterpoint is made between the definitions present in health policy in adolescence and the practices and meanings put into play by the health professionals. The reflections are based on the analysis of ethnographic materials, produced in an investigation carried out in the city of Bahía Blanca, from an anthropological perspective, focused on the social definition of ages. To close, a synthesis of some aspects is proposed with the purpose of contributing to the problematization of the notions of adolescence from which health care is provided to this population. And to promote the approach to adolescent health as a subject of rights (AU)

The use of foot length and foot breadth in estimating standing height of adolescents in Yenagoa, Nigeria

Background: Previous studies have shown that when standing height is difficult to measure, the length of other body parts may be a reliable alternative. However, there is limited information about the use of foot length (FL) and foot breadth (FB) in estimating standing height in the African population. The objective of this study was to investigate the appropriateness of foot length and foot breadth in estimating standing height of adolescents in Yenagoa.Methods: Using a multistage sampling technique, 1222 adolescents were recruited from secondary schools in the Yenagoa local government area. Height, foot length, and foot breadth were measured using standard techniques. Data was analysed and equations for prediction of standing height from foot length and foot breadth, were derived. Results: The mean standing height of the females was significantly lower than that of males (p<0.001). The mean foot length and mean foot breath for males were significantly higher than those for females. The mean foot length and mean foot breadth were found to increase across all the stages of adolescence. There was a significant positive correlation between standing height and foot length (r=0.700; p<0.001), foot breadth (r=0.543; p<0.001), and age (r=0.369; p<0.001). Multiple linear regression was used to derive equations for the estimation of FL and FB.Conclusions: This study found that FL and FB can be used in the estimation of standing height. For adolescents in Yenagoa, the equations derived are recommended for predicting the standing height of those who have difficulty standing upright.

Transición a la medicina del adulto en sobrevivientes de un trasplante alogénico de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas / Transition to adult medicine in survivors of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Los sobrevivientes de un trasplante alogénico de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas (TACPH) pediátrico presentan alto riesgo de padecer problemas de salud. Debido a esta vulnerabilidad, la continuidad del cuidado impacta en su pronóstico y la transición a la medicina del adulto (TMA) es un proceso clave. Objetivo: Evaluar el proceso actual de TMA de los receptores de TACPH en nuestro hospital. Métodos: Diseño: observacional retrospectivo y prospectivo. Población: todos los pacientes (p) que realizaron su TMA desde enero/2022 a marzo/2023. Instrumentos: entrevista personal; material escrito; resumen de historia clínica; escalas TRAQ 5.0 (transición), PedsQL 4.0 (CVRS) y Lansky (funcionalidad); elección de estrategias de seguimiento según complejidad y requerimientos; contacto con profesionales de adultos; entrevista telefónica luego de 6 meses posTMA; red conformada. Resultados: 36p completaron la TAM (33 presencial, 3 virtual). Edad m19 años (m6 años de seguimiento), 70% del interior del país, 58% TACPH por enfermedad maligna, 64% TACPH familiar. A la TMA: antecedente EICHc 50%, segunda enfermedad maligna 2%, compromiso órganos 75% (m2/p, r0-8, mayormente endocrinológicas, oculares y neurológicas), 94% Lansky ≥80 (r50-100), PedsQL m82 (27% ≤75), TRAQ m3.4 (r1.7- 4.8). Derivación: todos los p cubrían sus necesidades (30% en centros de alta complejidad o expertos en THA) pero 3p debieron readecuar las estrategias, 5p presentaban complicaciones en actividad o necesidad de pronta resolución. Contacto posterior: 30/33p continuaban seguimiento, 3p pudieron retomarlo, 9p nuevas complicaciones/tratamientos. Red: 20 profesionales/instituciones. Conclusiones: Se refuerza la necesidad y utilidad de un proceso de TMA tanto formal como personalizado según necesidades individuales de los pacientes con TACPH (AU)

Pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) survivors are at high risk for health problems. Because of this vulnerability, continuity of care impacts their prognosis and transition to adult medicine (TAM) is a key process. Objective: To evaluate the current process of TAM of HSCT recipients in our hospital. Methods: A retrospective and prospective observational study was conducted. The population included all patients (p) who underwent TAM from January 2022 to March 2023. Instruments used included personal interviews, written materials, medical history summaries, the TRAQ 5.0 (transition), PedsQL 4.0 (HRQoL), and Lansky (functionality) scales. Follow-up strategies were chosen according to complexity and requirements, with contact established with adult professionals and a telephone interview conducted six months post-TAM in an established network network. Results: 36p completed TAM (33 face-to-face, 3 online). Mean age was 19 years (with a mean of 6 years of follow-up); 70% were from the provinces of the country, 58% underwent HSCT due to malignant disease, 64% had familial HSCT. At TAM: 50% had a history of GVHD, 2% had a second malignant disease, and 75% had organ involvement (mean of 2 per patient, ranging from 0 to 8, mostly endocrinological, ocular, and neurological), 94% had Lansky ≥80 (range, 50-100), mean PedsQL was 82 (27% ≤75), mean TRAQ was 3.4 (range, 1.7-4.8). Referral needs were met for all patients (30% in tertiary-level centers or with experts in allogeneic HSCT), although 3 patients had to readjust strategies, and 5 had complications requiring prompt resolution. In subsequent contact, 30 out of 33 patients continued follow-up, 3 resumed it, and 9 experienced new complications or treatments. The network included 20 healthcare providers/institutions. Conclusions: This study reinforces the need for and usefulness of a formal and personalized TAM process according to the individual needs of patients with HSCT (AU)

Videojuegos y empatía. Del contenido violento a la actitud empática / Video games and empathy. From violent content to empathetic attitude

Resumen Objetivo: Comprender la relación entre el uso de videojuegos según su nivel de violencia y la disposición empática en la adolescencia. Método: Enfoque cuantitativo de diseño no experimental, de corte transversal y de alcance descriptivo-correlacional. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo a través de un cuestionario ad hoc que exploró los factores que componen al uso de videojuegos (α=0,951), y la escala Índice de Reactividad Interpersonal que evaluó las cuatro dimensiones de empatía (α=0,745). La muestra quedó conformada por n=400 adolescentes de 12 a 18 años de edad, 55,2 % hombres y 44,8 % mujeres. Se utilizó un muestro probabilístico aleatorio simple. Resultados: La prueba H de Kruskal-Wallis determinó que el uso de videojuegos excesivamente violentos es un factor que genera diferencias estadísticamente (+18; p-valor= 0,001) en una dimensión de la empatía (Malestar Personal, MP), siendo mayor en quienes actualmente juegan estos juegos. Discusiones: MP es un constructo que, en altos niveles, marca una tendencia a evitar a las personas que están pasando por situaciones adversas, relacionándose negativamente con el comportamiento prosocial y el altruismo. En la investigación, los adolescentes que más juegan videojuegos +18 son quienes presentan una menor disposición empática, lo cual es congruente con otras investigaciones, donde se encontró que el uso de videojuegos violentos (UVV) redujo los niveles de empatía en niños y adolescentes, prediciendo una mayor frecuencia de conductas violentas. Así mismo, estudios regionales sugieren que el UVV aumenta los niveles de ira y agresividad, a la par que reduce la empatía.

Abstract Objective: To understand the relationship between the use of video games according to their level of violence and empathic disposition in adolescence. Method: Quantitative approach of non-experimental design, cross-sectional and descriptive-correlational scope. Data collection was carried out through an ad hoc questionnaire that explored the factors that make up the use of video games (α=0,951), and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index scale that evaluated the four dimensions of empathy (α=0,745). The sample consisted of n=400 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years, 55,2 % male and 44,8 % female. A simple random probability sample was used. Results: The Kruskal-Wallis H-test determined that the use of excessively violent video games is a factor that generates statistically significant differences (+18; p-value = 0,001) in one dimension of empathy (Personal Malaise, PM), being higher in those who currently play these games. Discussion: PM is a construct that, at high levels, marks a tendency to avoid people who are going through adverse situations, being negatively related to prosocial behavior and altruism. In the research, adolescents who play more video games +18 are those who present a lower empathic disposition, which is congruent with other research, where it was found that the use of violent video games (VVG) reduced the levels of empathy in children and adolescents, predicting a higher frequency of violent behaviors. Likewise, regional studies suggest that VVG increases levels of anger and aggression, while reducing empathy.

Satisfacción con la vida y bienestar psicológico como predictores del florecimiento durante la adolescencia / Life satisfaction and psychological well-being as predictors of flourishing during adolescence

Resumen Objetivo: El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo analizar cuál es el peso relativo de la satisfacción con la vida y el bienestar psicológico en la predicción del florecimiento de los adolescentes, evaluando a su vez el perfil de florecimiento en función del grado de satisfacción con la vida y de los niveles de cada uno de los aspectos del bienestar. Metodología: A partir de un muestreo no probabilístico participaron 421 adolescentes argentinos (Medad = 14,9; DE = 1,75), quienes respondieron la Escala Perfil PERMA (Waigel & Lemos, 2023), la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico de Ryff (Meier & Oros, 2019) y la Escala de Satisfacción con la vida (Castro Solano, 2000). Los datos se analizaron mediante análisis de regresión jerárquica y análisis multivariados de variancia (MANOVAs). Resultados: Los hallazgos indican que tanto la satisfacción con la vida como el bienestar psicológico predicen significativamente el florecimiento de los adolescentes. El modelo explica un 65,5 % de la variancia, destacándose el peso predictivo de los aspectos hedónicos. Además, existen diferencias en el perfil general de florecimiento en función del nivel de satisfacción con la vida y de algunas de las dimensiones del bienestar psicológico. Conclusión: Se destaca la importancia de diseñar intervenciones que contemplen los predictores con mayor incidencia sobre la prosperidad durante la adolescencia. Asimismo, se sugiere profundizar en el estudio de los precursores del florecimiento para consolidar la ciencia del florecimiento.

Abstract Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the relative weight of life satisfaction and psychological well-being in predicting the flourishing of adolescents, evaluating in turn the profile of flourishing based on the degree of satisfaction with life and the levels of each of the aspects of well-being. Methodology: From a non-probabilistic sampling, 421 Argentine adolescents participated (Mage = 14,9; SD = 1,75), who answered the PERMA Profile Scale (Waigel & Lemos, 2023), Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale (Meier & Oros, 2019) and the Life Satisfaction Scale (Castro Solano, 2000). Data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVAs). Results: The findings indicate that both life satisfaction and psychological well-being significantly predict adolescent flourishing. The proposed model explains 65,5 % of the variance, highlighting the predictive weight of hedonic aspects. Furthermore, there are differences in the general profile of flourishing depending on the level of satisfaction with life and some of the dimensions of psychological well-being. Conclusion: The importance of designing interventions that consider the predictors with the greatest impact on prosperity during adolescence is highlighted. Likewise, it is suggested to deepen the study of the precursors of flourishing to consolidate the science of flourishing.

Transición de adolescentes en el Hospital Garrahan: 24 años de recorrido / Transition of adolescents at Garrahan Hospital: 24 years of experience

Este escrito presenta un recorrido retrospectivo de la transición de pacientes del Hospital de Pediatría "Dr. Juan P. Garrahan", centro de referencia nacional, a centros asistenciales de adultos. Se describen sus antecedentes y se destacan dos hitos que consideramos centrales como inicio de una trayectoria hospitalaria en transición de ya 24 años: la conformación de la Unidad de Adolescencia y Transición y la creación del Comité de Transición. A continuación se describen acciones que se desarrollaron en forma transversal en toda la institución, entre ellas programas de investigación, becas de formación, realización de jornadas, publicaciones institucionales y producciones artísticas. Finalmente planteamos un horizonte para este recorrido y los desafíos para la proyección futura de la transición de pacientes (AU)

This paper presents a retrospective review of the transition of patients from the Hospital de Pediatría "Dr. Juan P. Garrahan," a national reference center, to adult care centers. It describes the background and highlights two milestones that we consider central to the beginning of a 24-year hospital transition trajectory: the creation of the Adolescence and Transition Unit and the establishment of the Transition Committee. We then describe actions developed transversally throughout the institution, including research programs, training fellowships, conferences, institutional publications, and artistic productions. Finally, we propose a vision for this journey and discuss the challenges for the future projection of patient transition (AU)

Adolescencia, adherencia y transición: Experiencia de un centro de trasplante renal pediátrico / Adolescence, adherence, and transition: Experience from a pediatric renal transplant center

Con el advenimiento de nuevas técnicas quirúrgicas y medicaciones inmunosupresoras la sobrevida de los niños trasplantados mejoró, llegando a la adultez. La continuidad de su tratamiento requiere un proceso planificado que permita su tránsito a un sistema de salud orientado al adulto. El objeto de este trabajo es mostrar la transición a centros de adultos en una cohorte de pacientes trasplantados renales en el Hospital Garrahan, describir sus características clínicas y demográficas, su evolución, y oportunidades de mejora implementadas. Debido a cambios médicos y su abordaje desde la interdisciplina, se dividió a la población en tres periodos: era 1 (1988-1999), era 2 (2000-2009), y era 3 (2010- 2023). En la era 1, 179 adolescentes continuaron su atención médica en un centro de adultos, 212 en la era 2 y 201 en la era 3. En la era 1 el seguimiento estaba coordinado por el nefrólogo de cabecera y eran consultados los servicios de Urología, Servicio Social y Salud Mental. En la era 2, se fortaleció el trabajo en interdisciplina y aún más a partir del 2011. Surgieron centros de trasplante de adultos que recibían adolescentes y médicos dedicados a ellos en forma preferencial. En la actualidad la transición comienza a los 12 años y progresa hasta los 18. El modelo implementado es la transición directa, entre el nefrólogo pediatra y el de adultos, con varias consultas secuenciales en ambos centros. Si bien la sobrevida del paciente e injerto mejoraron, el rechazo, asociado a no adherencia, es una asignatura por mejorar (AU)

With the advent of new surgical techniques and immunosuppressive medications, the survival of transplanted children has improved, allowing them to reach adulthood. The continuity of their treatment requires a planned process that facilitates their transition to an adult-oriented healthcare system. The aim of this study was to examine the transition to adult centers in a cohort of renal transplant patients at Garrahan Hospital, describing their clinical and demographic characteristics, their evolution, and the improvement opportunities implemented. Based on medical changes and the interdisciplinary approach, the population was divided into three periods: era 1 (1988- 1999), era 2 (2000-2009), and era 3 (2010-2023). In era 1, 179 adolescents continued their medical care in an adult center, 212 in era 2, and 201 in era 3. In era 1, follow-up was coordinated by the attending nephrologist with consultations from Urology, Social Services, and Mental Health Services. In era 2, interdisciplinary work was strengthened, and even more so since 2011. Adult transplant centers were created to receive adolescents with physicians dedicated to their care on a preferential basis. Currently, the transition begins at 12 years of age and progresses up to 18. The implemented model involves direct transition between the pediatric nephrologist and the adult nephrologist, with several sequential consultations in both centers. Although patient and graft survival have improved, rejection associated with non-adherence remains an area for improvement

De devenires subjetivantes y capturas identitarias en las adolescencias. Sobre la construcción de las diversidades sexuales y de género / Of subjectivating becomings and identity captures in adolescence. On the construction of sexual and gender / Sur les évolutions subjectives et les captures identitaires à l'adolescence. Sur la construction des diversités sexuelles et de genre / Sobre desenvolvimentos subjetivos e capturas de identidade na adolescência. Sobre a construção das diversidades sexuais e de género

La posibilidad de la articulación conceptual de las preguntas que nos atraviesan, proviene y se sostiene de las prácticas que ejercemos, es desde mi propia clínica que voy a plantear algunas ideas que vengo pensando en relación a ¿cómo se despliegan actualmente, en el análisis de algunos adolescentes, la construcción de las diversidades sexuales y de género? A veces e presentan como oportunidades subjetivantes y otras como capturas identitarias que quedan en ocasiones adheridas a etiquetas diagnósticas. Hace tiempo que insisto en una designación que considero pertinente y que permite ubicarse en la clínica de nuestros tiempos: la de Adolescencias Complejas. No porque haya algunas que lo son y otras que no, sino como una puesta en valor de la noción de complejidad, imprescindible para comprender la clínica actual AU

The possibility of conceptual articulation of the questions that cross us comes from and is sustained by the practices that we exercise. From my own clinic, I am going to raise some ideas that I have been thinking about in relation to how they are currently deployed, in the analysis ofsome adolescents, the construction of sexual and gender diversities? Sometimes they present themselves as subjectivizing opportunities, and other times as identity captures that sometimes remain attached to diagnostic labels.For some time now I have insisted on a designation that I consider pertinent and that allows us to place ourselves in the clinic of our times: Complex Adolescence. Not because there are some that are and others that are not, but as an enhancement of the notion of complexity, essential to understand current clinical practice AU

La possibilité d'une articulation conceptuelle des questions qui nous traversent vient et est soutenue par les pratiques que nous exerçons depuis ma propre clinique, je vais évoquer quelques idées auxquelles j'ai réfléchi par rapport à la manière dont elles se déploient actuellement, dans l'analyse de certains adolescents, la construction des diversités sexuelles et de genre? Parfois, ils se présentent comme des opportunités de subjectivation, et d'autres fois comme des captures d'identité qui restent parfois attachées à des étiquettes diagnostiques.Depuis quelques temps j'insiste sur une appellation que je considère pertinente et qui permet de se situer dans la clinique de notre époque:l'Adolescence Complexe. Non pas parce qu'il y en a qui le sont et d'autres qui ne le sont pas, mais comme une valorisation de la notion de complexité, essentielle pour comprendre la pratique clinique actuelle AU

A possibilidade de articulação conceitual das questões que nos atravessam advém e é sustentada pelas práticas que exercemos. Da minha própria clínica, vou levantar algumas ideias que tenho pensado em relação à forma como são implementadas atualmente, na análise de alguns adolescentes, a construção dasdiversidades sexuais e de gênero? Às vezes apresentam-se como oportunidades subjetivantes e outras vezes como capturas de identidade que por vezes permanecem ligadas a rótulos diagnósticos.Há já algum tempo que insisto numa designação que considero pertinente e que nos permite situar-nos na clínica do nosso tempo: Adolescência Complexa. Não porque há uns que o são e outros que não o são, mas como um reforço da noção de complexidade, essencial para a compreensão da prática clínica atual AU

Acerca de la construcción de envoltorios subjetivantes y del armado de una historia: el caso Agustina / De la construction d'enveloppes subjectivantes et du montage d'un histoire: le cas Agustina / About the construction of subjectivizing envelopes and the assembly of a story: the Agustina case / Sobre a construção de envelopes subjetivantes e a montagem de uma história: o caso Agustina

En este trabajo se presentan recortes del caso clínico de una joven de 14 años, en tratamiento durante dos años y medio, encuadrado en el consultorio privado. Se abordan los acontecimientos que generaron quiebres en la continuidad de su historia, y cómo, a través del trabajo con los adultos referentes y con la joven, se habilitaron las posibilidades de un rearmado psíquico que apuntó a la subjetivación de su historia, y a posibilitar las condiciones psíquicas para el ingreso a la adolescencia AU

Cet ouvrage présente des coupures d'un cas clinique d'une jeune fille de 14 ans, en traitement depuis deux ans et demi, cadré dans le cabinet privé. Les événements qui ont généré des ruptures dans la continuité de son histoire sont abordés et comment, à travers le travail avec les références adultes et avec la jeune femme, les possibilités d'un réarmement psychique visant à la subjectivation de son histoire ont été activées et ont permis au conditions psychologiques d'entrée à l'adolescence AU

This work presents clippings of a clinical case of a 14-year-old girl, during twoand a half years of treatment, framed in the private office. The events that generated breaks in the continuity of her story are addressed, and how, through work with the adult references and with the young woman, the possibilities of a psychic rearming that aimed at the subjectivation of her story were enabled, and to enable the psychological conditions for entering adolescence AU

Este trabalho apresenta recortes do caso clínico de uma jovem de 14 anos, durante doisanos e meio de tratamento, enquadrado em consultório particular. São abordados os acontecimentos que geraram rupturas na continuidade de sua história e como, por meio do trabalho com as referências adultas e com a jovem, foram viabilizadas as possibilidades de um rearmamento psíquico que visava à subjetivação de sua história, e possibilitar a condições psicológicas para entrar na adolescencia AU

Transgenerational transmission of eating habits

Abstract Objective To investigate the relationship between the biopsychosocial environment and eating habits and behaviors that lead to the selection and consumption of certain food from the earliest stages of life. To clarify whether there is an interaction between genetic and epigenetic factors, and how they shape eating habits. Data source A narrative review based on research in PubMed and Web of Science electronic databases was carried out over the last 10 years, searching the title and summary fields using the keywords Children OR adolescents Feeding Behavior eating OR Dietary Habits OR Eating Behavior OR Eating Habits OR Children obesity. Data synthesis The generational transmission of eating habits is related to the home, community, and school environments, mainly during the first years of life, and can exert the modulation of habits during all stages of life. During childhood, the family's role in consolidating eating habits is very broad and ranges from choosing foods to prioritizing family meals, including the lifestyle. Conclusions Eating habits are transmitted from parents to children in different ways: environmental, emotional, social, and educational. In cases of obesity, a greater association of genetic influence can be observed.

O papel da escola e da Educação Física no controle do sobrepeso e obesidade juvenil na perspectiva de professores atuantes no ensino superior / The role of schools and Physical Education in the control of overweight and juvenile obesity from the perspective of teachers working in higher education / El papel de las escuelas y la Educación Física en el control del sobrepeso y la obesidad juvenil desde la perspectiva de docentes que trabajan en la educación superior

O presente artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa quantitativa com viés exploratório descritivo, cujo objetivo foi analisar a percepção de 22 professores de Educação Física (18 homens e 04 mulheres), atuantes no magistério superior, sobre o papel da escola e da Educação Física no controle do sobrepeso e obesidade juvenil. Foi utilizada versão adaptada do Perceptions of Youth Obesity and Physical Education Questionnaire. A análise dos dados deu-se a partir das seguintes categorias: percepção da obesidade juvenil, papel da escola e papel da Educação Física permitiu inferir que os professores percebem a escola como um espaço potencial para a promoção de ações, como a oferta de disciplinas curriculares voltadas ao controle do peso corporal. Contudo, tanto a escola, quanto o professor e sua práxis nas aulas de Educação Física não devem restringir as intervenções de forma circunscrita ao tratamento e controle da obesidade juvenil (AU).

This article presents the results of a quantitative research with a descriptive exploratory bias, whose objective was to analyze the perception of 22 Physical Education teachers (18 men and 04 women), working in higher education, about the role of school and Physical Education in controlling overweight and juveni-le obesity. An adapted version of the Perceptions of Youth Obesity and Physical Education Questionnaire was used. The analysis of the data from the categories called perception of youth obesity, role of the school and role of Physical Education allowed inferring that teachers perceive the school as a potential space for the promotion of actions, such as the offer of curricular disciplines aimed at controlling the body weight. However, both the school and the teacher and their practice in Physical Education classes should not limit interventions to the treatment and control of juvenile obesity (AU).

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación cuantitativa con sesgo exploratorio descriptivo, cuyo objetivo fue analizar la percepción de 22 profesores de Educación Física (18 hombres y 04 mujeres), que actúan en la enseñanza superior, sobre el papel de la escuela y la Educación Física en el control so-brepeso y obesidad juvenil. Se utilizó una versión adaptada del Cuestionario de Percepciones de Obesidad Juvenil y Educación Física. El análisis de los datos de las categorías denominadas per-cepción de la obesidad juvenil, rol de la escuela y rol de la Educación Física permitió inferir que los docentes perciben la escuela como un espacio potencial para la promoción de acciones, como la ofer-ta de disciplinas curriculares dirigidas al control el peso corporal. Sin embargo, tanto la escuela como el docente y su práctica en las clases de Educación Física no deben limitar las intervenciones al tratamiento y control de la obesidad juvenil (AU).

Adormecimento psíquico e despertar do inconsciente na adolescência: uma aposta na palavra / Le sommeil psychique et l'éveil de l'inconscient à l'adolescence: un pari sur la parole / Psychic numbness and awakening of the unconscious in adolescence: betting on the word

Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre os efeitos do contexto da cultura digital para a adolescência. Abordamos a adolescência na teoria psicanalítica desde as concepções freudianas até as elaborações contemporâneas. Retomamos a infância como fase constitutiva do sujeito e suas implicações para a adolescência para destacar os impasses experienciados pelos adolescentes na cultura digital. Destacamos os conceitos de saber, Outro e objeto como articulatórios para a compreensão da adolescência na contemporaneidade. Consideramos que o estatuto do saber sofreu transformações decorrentes da aliança entre o capitalismo e a digitalização e que essas transformações trazem implicações para o laço social, configurando o que chamamos de adormecimento psíquico. Por fim, apontamos a conversação de orientação psicanalítica como uma possibilidade no enfrentamento dos desafios que a cultura digital apresenta

Cet article présente une réflexion sur les effets du contexte de la culture numérique sur l'adolescence. Nous analysons l'adolescence dans la théorie psychanalytique à partir des conceptions freudiennes jusqu'aux élaborations contemporaines. Nous revenons sur l'enfance en tant que phase constitutive du sujet et ses implications pour l'adolescence afin de mettre en évidence les impasses vécues par les adolescents dans la culture numérique. Nous mettrons en évidence les concepts de connaissance, d'Autre et d'objet comme des articulations fondamentales pour la compréhension de l'adolescence à l'époque contemporaine. Nous considérons que le statut du savoir a subi des transformations résultant de l'alliance entre capitalisme et numérisation et que ces transformations ont des implications sur le lien social, configurant ce que nous appelons le sommeil psychique. Enfin, nous indiquons la conversation psychanalytique comme une possibilité pour faire face aux défis que présente la culture numérique.

This article presents a reflection on the effects of digital culture on adolescence. We analyze adolescence in psychoanalytic theory from Freudian conceptions to contemporary elaborations. We return to childhood as a constitutive phase of the subject and its implications for adolescence in order to highlight the impasses experienced by adolescents in the digital culture. We highlight the concepts of knowledge, Other and object as articulations for the understanding of adolescence nowadays. We consider that the status of knowledge has undergone transformations resulting from the alliance between capitalism and digitalization and that these transformations have implications for the social bond, configuring what we call psychic numbness. Finally, we point out the psychoanalytic conversation as a possibility in facing the challenges that digital culture presents.

Adolescência e corpo: um recorte psicanalítico / L'adolescence et le corps: un portrait psychanalytique / A psychoanalytic portrait of adolescence and its body

Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir acerca da relação entre adolescência e corpo nos dias atuais, a partir do ponto de vista da teoria psicanalítica. Para isso abordamos a concepção de corpo na psicanálise a partir das obras de Freud e outros autores contemporâneos, percorrendo os conceitos de histeria, pulsão, Eu, e estádio do espelho. Neste sentido é feito um recorte em torno da função da imagem de si na formação do Eu no estádio do espelho para entendermos os impactos da desestabilização dessa imagem com as transformações corporais da adolescência. Consideramos, então, a adolescência uma reedição do estádio do espelho onde o sujeito, que não se enxerga mais como criança mas ainda não reconhece sua imagem adulta, tem a unidade do Eu desestabilizada, precisando reinventar uma posição para si frente ao Outro. Por fim questionamos quais os possíveis impactos trazidos pela crescente virtualização da própria imagem em telas para estes sujeitos.

Cet article propose une réflexion sur la relation entre l'adolescence et le corps de nos jours, du point de vue de la théorie psychanalytique. Pour ce faire, nous analysons la conception du corps dans la psychanalyse à partir des œuvres de Freud et d'autres auteurs contemporains, en parcourant les concepts d'hystérie, de pulsion, de Moi et de stade du miroir. Dans ce sens, nous partons de la fonction de l'image de soi dans la formation du Je au stade du miroir pour comprendre les impacts de la déstabilisation de cette image avec les transformations corporelles de l'adolescence. Nous considérons alors l'adolescence comme une réédition du stade du miroir où le sujet, qui ne se voit plus comme un enfant mais ne reconnaît pas encore son image adulte, à l'unité du Moi déstabilisée, ayant besoin d' inventer une nouvelle position pour lui-même face à l'Autre. Enfin, nous nous demandons quels sont les impacts possibles apportés par la virtualisation croissante de l'image pour ces sujets.

This article seeks to reflect on the relationship between adolescence and body at present, from the point of view of psychoanalytic theory. In order to do this, we analyze the conception of the body in psychoanalysis starting from the works of Freud and other contemporary authors, through the concepts of hysteria, drive, self, and stage of the mirror. In this purpose, we highlight the function of the self-image in the formation of the Self in the mirror stage to understand the impacts of the destabilization of this image with the physical transformations of adolescence. We consider, then, adolescence a re-edition of the stage of the mirror where the subject, who no longer sees himself as a child but does not yet recognize his adult image, has the unity of the Self destabilized, having to reinvent a position for himself in front of the Other. Finally, we questioned the possible impacts brought by the increasing virtualization of the image on screens for these subjects

Revisión sobre el embarazo adolescente e implicancias sociales / Review on adolescent pregnancy and social implications

RESUMEN Este estudio revisa las implicancias sociales del embarazo adolescente e identifica los factores que contribuyen a su incidencia en adolescentes de entre diez y diecinueve años en América Latina. La revisión sigue las directrices PRISMA para realizar una revisión de la literatura. La búsqueda de artículos se realizó en PubMed, utilizando palabras clave relacionadas con el embarazo adolescente, causas y prevención. Se identificaron 411 artículos, de los cuales 20 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión: estudios basados en América Latina, publicados desde 2010, y centrados en la prevención del embarazo adolescente. Los principales resultados muestran que la falta de educación sexual y el desconocimiento sobre métodos anticonceptivos son factores clave en la incidencia del embarazo adolescente. Factores socioeconómicos, como la pobreza y la desigualdad, también juegan un papel significativo. La violencia intrafamiliar y el inicio precoz de las relaciones sexuales son otros factores críticos. Además, se destaca la falta de acceso a servicios de salud y educación adecuada. El embarazo adolescente es un problema biopsicosocial con graves repercusiones. Es necesario mejorar la educación sexual y el acceso a métodos anticonceptivos para prevenir el embarazo adolescente. Las intervenciones deben ser intersectoriales, involucrando a la familia, la comunidad, el sistema educativo y los profesionales de la salud. Solo a través de una acción coordinada se puede reducir eficazmente la incidencia del embarazo adolescente y mitigar sus consecuencias negativas en la salud y el desarrollo socioeconómico de las adolescentes.

ABSTRACT This study reviews the social implications of teenage pregnancy and identifies the factors that contribute to its incidence among adolescents aged ten to nineteen in Latin America. The review follows the PRISMA guidelines for conducting a literature review. The article search was conducted in PubMed, using keywords related to teenage pregnancy, causes, and prevention. A total of 411 articles were identified, of which 20 met the inclusion criteria: studies based in Latin America, published since 2010, and focused on the prevention of teenage pregnancy. The main results show that the lack of sexual education and ignorance about contraceptive methods are key factors in the incidence of teenage pregnancy. Socioeconomic factors such as poverty and inequality also play a significant role. Domestic violence and the early onset of sexual activity are other critical factors. Additionally, the lack of access to health services and adequate education is highlighted. Teenage pregnancy is a biopsychosocial problem with serious repercussions. It is necessary to improve sexual education and access to contraceptives to prevent teenage pregnancy. Interventions should be intersectoral, involving the family, community, educational system, and health professionals. Only through coordinated action can the incidence of teenage pregnancy be effectively reduced and its negative consequences on the health and socioeconomic development of adolescents be mitigated.

Development and Validity Evidence of the Myths of Romantic Love Multidimensional Scale (MRL-MS) in Young Chileans

Romantic love myths refer to culturally shared beliefs about love, falling in love and relationships. Their study and evaluation are of utmost importance, given that they have been recognized as a risk factor in dating violence with serious implications for the well-being and mental health of young people. The aim of the present study was therefore to develop a scale to evaluate beliefs about romantic love, establishing evidence of reliability and validity for the interpretation of the scores obtained. An instrumental cross-sectional design was carried out, applying the Multidimensional Romantic Love Myths Scale (MRL-MS) to a sample of 1001 Chilean young people between 18 and 25 years of age. As a result, a scale composed of 40 items assessing 8 interrelated dimensions was obtained, with evidence of validity based on internal structure, adequate levels of reliability, and evidence of metric and scalar invariance between sexes. Finally, the limitations of the study are discussed and possible applications and guidelines for future research are proposed.

Los mitos del amor romántico refieren a creencias culturalmente compartidas sobre el amor, el enamoramiento y las relaciones de pareja. Su estudio y evaluación son de suma importancia, dado que se han reconocido como un factor de riesgo en la violencia en el noviazgo con graves implicancia en el bienestar y salud mental de los jóvenes. Por tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio es desarrollar una escala que permita evaluar las creencias sobre el amor romántico, estableciendo evidencias de fiabilidad y validez para la interpretación de las puntuaciones obtenidas. Se llevó a cabo un diseño transversal de tipo instrumental, aplicando la Escala Multidimensional Mitos del Amor Romántico (MRL-MS) a una muestra de 1001 jóvenes chilenos entre 18 y 25 años. Como resultado, se obtuvo una escala compuesta por 40 ítems que evalúan 8 dimensiones interrelacionadas, con evidencia de validez basada en la estructura interna, adecuados niveles de fiabilidad, y evidencias de invarianza métrica y escalar entre sexos. Finalmente, se discuten las limitaciones del estudio y se proponen posibles aplicaciones y directrices para futuras investigaciones.

O papel da escola e da Educação Física no controle do sobrepeso e obesidade juvenil na perspectiva de professores atuantes no ensino superior / The role of schools and Physical Education in the control of overweight and juvenile obesity from the perspective of teachers working in higher education / El papel de las escuelas y la Educación Física en el control del sobrepeso y la obesidad juvenil desde la perspectiva de docentes que trabajan en la educación superior

O presente artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pes-quisa quantitativa com viés exploratório descritivo, cujo objetivo foi analisar a percepção de 22 professores de Educação Física (18 homens e 04 mulheres), atuantes no magistério superior, sobre o papel da escola e da Educação Física no controle do sobrepeso e obesidade juvenil. Foi utilizada versão adaptada do Perceptions of Youth Obesity and Physical Education Questionnaire. A análise dos dados deu-se a partir das seguintes categorias: percepção da obe-sidade juvenil, papel da escola e papel da Educação Física permi-tiu inferir que os professores percebema escola como um espaço potencial para a promoção de ações, como a oferta de disciplinas curriculares voltadas ao controle do peso corporal. Contudo, tanto a escola, quanto o professor e sua práxis nas aulas de Educação Física não devem restringir as intervenções de forma circunscrita ao tratamento e controle da obesidade juvenil.

This article presents the results of a quantitative re-search with a descriptive exploratory bias, whose objective was to analyze the perception of 22 Physical Education teachers (18 men and 04 women), working in higher education, about the role of school and Physical Education in controlling overweight and juveni-le obesity. An adapted version of the Perceptions of Youth Obesity and Physical Education Questionnaire was used. The analysis of the data from the categories called perception of youth obesity, role of the school and role of Physical Education allowed inferring that teachers perceive the school as a potential space for the pro-motion of actions, such as the offer of curricular disciplines aimed at controlling the body weight. However, both the school and the teacher and their practice in Physical Education classes should not limit interventions to the treatment and control of juvenile obesity.

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investiga-ción cuantitativa con sesgo exploratorio descriptivo, cuyo objetivo fue analizar la percepción de 22 profesores de Educación Física (18 hombres y 04 mujeres), que actúan en la enseñanza superior, sobre el papel de la escuela y la Educación Física en el control so-brepeso y obesidad juvenil. Se utilizó una versión adaptada del Cuestionario de Percepciones de Obesidad Juvenil y Educación Física. El análisis de los datos de las categorías denominadas per-cepción de la obesidad juvenil, rol de la escuela y rol de la Educación Física permitió inferir que los docentes perciben la escuela como un espacio potencial para la promoción de acciones, como la ofer-ta de disciplinas curriculares dirigidas al control el peso corporal. Sin embargo, tanto la escuela como el docente y su práctica en las clases de Educación Física no deben limitar las intervenciones al tratamiento y control de la obesidad juvenil.

Comprehensive assessment of the psychological well-being of school going adolescent girls in Chandigarh, India

Background: Adolescence, a crucial stage in human development, involves significant physical and psychological changes. Unfortunately, these transformations often go unnoticed, leading to an increase in psychological issues among adolescents. Objective of the study was to have a comprehensive assessment of the reasons due to which the adolescents are suffering from high psychological distress in school-going adolescent girls in Chandigarh. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Chandigarh schools included 168 adolescent females aged 13 to 19. The data collection utilized a multi-stage random sampling approach. Results: The research revealed that academic pressure 147 (87.5%), financial concerns of the family 77 (45.8%), difficulties in communication with family and peers 86 (51.2%) and the negative thinking pattern (83.4%, n=140) are affecting the adolescent girls' mental well-being. The study revealed that a significant number of participants frequently experienced emotions such as nervousness, guilt, social anxiety, insecurity, discrimination, and difficulty concentrating. Additionally, a substantial portion of the group reported instances of sleeplessness 92 (54.8%) and feelings of loneliness 136 (81%). Participants also indicated engaging in coping mechanisms like over thinking, procrastination, and overeating when facing stress. Alarmingly, some individuals turned to smoking, alcohol consumption, and drug abuse as stress-relief strategies, raising concerns for the community. Conclusions: The study highlighted the fact that supportive environment at home and in schools, with open communication and counseling to address these issues. Work should be done to reduce the stigma associated with mental health issue and encourage open conversations about mental health to help adolescents feel more comfortable seeking support.

Adolescencia y bienestar digital: herramientas para los profesionales de la salud / Adolescence and Digital Well-being: Tools for Healthcare Professionals

La adolescencia constituye una etapa atravesada por cambios físicos, emocionales y sociales significativos, que incluyen la adquisición de múltiples habilidades. Aumentan los riesgos de sufrir alteraciones mentales, consumo de sustancias, embarazo no deseado, trastornos alimentarios, y se evidencian los efectos negativos del uso inapropiado de las redes sociales. El bienestar digital implica el uso saludable de la tecnología, la protección de la privacidad y la seguridad en línea. Los adolescentes utilizan las redes con la finalidad de identificarse, relacionarse, entretenerse y buscar información. La exposición no regulada conlleva riesgos: acceso a contenido inapropiado, ciberacoso, consumo problemático y fraudes. Desde el ámbito pediátrico, se debe acompañar a los adolescentes para que optimicen el uso de la tecnología y, para ello, es fundamental implementar estrategias multisectoriales para minimizar los riesgos y promover el bienestar de los adolescentes en línea, así como garantizar la alfabetización digital y el acceso equitativo a recursos tecnológicos de calidad y telesalud.

Adolescence is a period characterized by significant physical, emotional, and social changes, including the acquisition of multiple skills. It is also a time when the risks of mental disorders, substance use, unwanted pregnancy, eating disorders, and negative effects of inappropriate social media use manifest greatly. Digital well-being implies the healthy use of technology, the protection of privacy and security online. Adolescents use social media to identify themselves, interact with others, entertain themselves, and seek information. However, risks are present, including access to inappropriate content, cyberbullying, problematic consumption, and fraud. The pediatric field must support adolescents in optimizing their online use. Implementing multisectoral strategies can minimize risks, promote digital literacy, and ensure equitable access to quality technological resources and telehealth, thereby promoting adolescent online well-being.

Prevalence and influencing factors analysis of the polycystic ovary syndrome among female college students in Fuzhou City， Jiangxi Province / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） among female college students at a university in Fuzhou City， Jiangxi Province， and to facilitate early detection and intervention of PCOS. MethodsUsing a stratified sampling method， a total of 450 female freshmen were randomly selected for PCOS screening. A self-designed questionnaire was used for data collection， covering menstrual status， high androgen signs， lifestyle， dietary habits， and awareness of PCOS. Sample t test and χ2 test were used to compare the basic information and dietary habits between PCOS and non-PCOS cases. The correlation between various indicators and the prevalence of PCOS was analyzed by a logistic regression model. ResultsA total of 12 PCOS cases were identified， with a prevalence rate of 2.99%. PCOS cases exhibited statistically significant differences compared to non-PCOS cases in terms of waist-to-hip ratio， waist circumference， abdominal obesity， the proportion of overweight or obese individuals， and a preference for sweet food （all P<0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between preference for sweet food and the occurrence of PCOS （OR=4.858， 95%CI=1.199‒19.675，P=0.027）， as well as a significant correlation with PCOS accompanied by abdominal obesity （OR=7.083， 95%CI=0.773‒64.937， P=0.048）. Among the female college students surveyed， 37.90% had never heard of PCOS， 51.62% were only familiar with the name of the disease， and 10.47% had attempted to search for PCOS-related information. ConclusionThe prevalence of PCOS among female college students should not be overlooked and unhealthy dietary habits may be a crucial factor contributing to the occurrence of PCOS during this period. Early screening for PCOS during puberty is crucial.