Study on the ratio of TNF-α to ADP in patients with depression / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of serum tumor necrosis fac-tor-α(TNF-α),adiponectin(ADP)and their ratio in patients with depression.Methods A total of 40 patients with depression admitted to Shandong Daizhuang Hospital from January to December 2020 were selected as the observation group,and 26 healthy volunteers were selected as the control group.The observation group was treated with oral antidepressants for four weeks,and the severity of depressive symptoms was assessed by Hamilton depression scale(HAMD).The levels of serum TNF-α and ADP in the observation group before and after treatment and the control group were detected by ELISA,and the change of TNF-α/ADP was ana-lyzed.Results HAMD scores of the observation group were 25.5(21.0,30.0)before treatment and 2.0(1.0,4.0)after treatment,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of TNF-α and TNF-α/ADP in the observation group before treatment were higher than those in the control group,which af-ter treatment were also higher than those before treatment(P<0.05).The level of ADP in the observation group after treatment was lower than that before treatment and in the control group,the differences were sta-tistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The level of TNF-α/ADP in patients with depression is more ob-vious than TNF-α.

Clinical Observation on the Abdominal Acupuncture Combined with Acupuncture Method of Zuosheng Youjiang Qi-Regulaton Microneedling in the Treatment of Depression / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of abdominal acupuncture with acupuncture method of Zuosheng Youjiang(left ascending and right descending)Qi-Regulation Microneedling in the treatment of depression.Methods Sixty cases of depression were randomly divided into observation group and control group,30 cases in each group.The observation group was given Zuosheng Youjiang Qi-Regulation Microneedling therapy,and the control group was given oral use of Sertraline Hydrochloride Tablets.A total of 6 weeks of treatment was given.After 6 weeks of treatment,the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated,and the changes in Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)scores and Self-rating Anxiety Scale of Depression(SAS)scores of the two groups were observed before and after treatment.The safety and the occurrence of adverse reactions in the two groups were evaluated.Results(1)After treatment,the HAMD scores of patients in the two groups were significantly improved(P＜0.05),and the observation group was significantly superior to the control group in improving the HAMD scores,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The difference between the HAMD scores of patients in the two groups was statistically significant before and after treatment(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,the SDS scores of the two groups of patients were significantly improved,and the observation group was significantly superior to the control group in improving the SDS scores,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The difference between the pre-treatment and post-treatment differences in the SDS scores of the two groups of patients was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(3)The total effective rate of the observation group was 100.00%(30/30),and the control group was 83.33%(25/30).The efficacy of the observation group was superior to that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(4)There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the observation group and the control group(P＞0.05).Conclusion Abdominal acupuncture combined with Zuosheng Youjiang Qi-Regulation Microneedling for the treatment of depression can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of the patients,and the therapeutic effect is remarkable.

Therapeutic effects of Tongdu Qishen acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine decoction on post-stroke depression in 31 patients / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the clinical effects of Tongdu Qishen acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine decoction on post-stroke depression in patients. Methods:Sixty-two patients with post-stroke depression who received treatment in Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University from October 2020 to April 2022 were included in this study. They were randomly treated either with traditional Chinese medicine decoction (control group, n = 31) or Tongdu Qishen acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine decoction (combined group, n = 31) based on routine medication. All patients were treated for 4 weeks. Depressive state, neurological function, and activities of daily living were compared between the two groups. Results:Before treatment, there were no significant differences in the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) score, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, and Barthel index between the two groups (all P > 0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment, the HAMD and NIHSS scores in the control group were (13.88 ± 3.92) points and (8.56 ± 1.82) points, respectively, and they were (8.72 ± 2.48) points and (6.67 ± 1.14) points in the combined group. There were significant differences in HAMD and NIHSS scores between the two groups ( t = 2.14, 2.43, both P < 0.05). The Barthel index in the combined group was (69.53 ± 13.29) points, which was significantly higher than (62.34 ± 15.67) points in the control group ( t = 2.23, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Tongdu Qishen acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine decoction can reduce depressive symptoms and improve neurological function and activities of daily living in patients with post-stroke depression. The combined therapy has obvious efficacy in the treatment of post-stroke depression.

Governor vessel moxibustion combined with western medication for mild to moderate depression with kidney-yang deficiency: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the therapeutic efficacy of governor vessel moxibustion combined with fluoxetine hydrochloride capsule, simple fluoxetine hydrochloride capsule and placebo moxibustion combined with fluoxetine hydrochloride capsule for mild to moderate depression with kidney-yang deficiency.@*METHODS@#A total of 126 patients with mild to moderate depression with kidney-yang deficiency were randomized into a governor vessel moxibustion group (42 cases, 2 cases dropped off), a western medication group (42 cases, 1 case dropped off) and a placebo moxibustion group (42 cases, 1 case dropped off). The western medication group was given fluoxetine hydrochloride capsule orally, 20 mg a time, once a day. On the basis of the treatment in the western medication group, governor vessel moxibustion was applied from Dazhui (GV 14) to Yaoshu (GV 2) in the governor vessel moxibustion group, once a week; placebo moxibustion was applied in the placebo moxibustion group, once a week. Treatment of 8 weeks was required in the 3 groups. Before and after treatment, the scores of Hamilton depression scale-17 (HAMD-17), Asberg's rating scale for side effects (SERS) and TCM clinical symptom were compared, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the scores of HAMD-17, SERS and TCM clinical symptom were decreased compared before treatment in the 3 groups (P<0.05), the decrease ranges of above scores in the governor vessel moxibustion group were larger than those in the western medication group and the placebo moxibustion group (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 92.5% (37/40) in the governor vessel moxibustion group, which was higher than 75.6% (31/41) in the western medication group and 80.5% (33/41) in the placebo moxibustion group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Governor vessel moxibustion combined with fluoxetine hydrochloride capsule can improve the degree of depression and relieve the clinical symptoms in mild to moderate depression patients with kidney-yang deficiency, the efficacy is superior to simple fluoxetine hydrochloride capsule, and can reduce the fluoxetine hydrochloride capsule-induced adverse effect to a certain extent.

Statistical Validation of LENS: A Smartphone-based Empty Nest Syndrome Screening and Monitoring Biomarker Tool

Background: Empty Nest Syndrome (ENS) is a complex grief state, observed in the affected parents when their children leave home. Studies show ENS may progress to clinical-grade depression and anxiety if left uncared for. Methodology: In this double-blind case-control cross-sectional study, 80 subjects are recruited by a panel of psychologists and psychiatrists. Subjects are divided into two equal groups – case (with ENS symptoms) and control (without symptoms). Three instruments are applied – a) ENS interpretation by the psychologists based on the symptoms, b) Lyfas smartphone-based biomedical application to capture the cardiovascular optical biomarkers (COB) from the index finger non-invasively with the help of arterial photoplethysmography technique, and c) Hamilton’s depression scales (HAM-D), which psychiatrists have used to check the mental health of the subjects. The COB (e.g., SD1/SD2, LF/HF, HRVScore, and ENERGY) and a set of physical parameters (e.g., Body mass index or BMI, Heart rate or HR, Systolic blood pressure or SBP, Diastolic blood pressure or DBP, Glycosylated hemoglobin or HbA1c, Cholesterol, Triglyceride, Thyroid-stimulating hormone or TSH, Estradiol or E2, and Testosterone or TST) consist the independent variables, while ENS scores interpreted by the psychologists and HAM-D scores interpreted by the psychiatrists are the dependent variables. Spearman’s rank correlation and Bland Altman’s reliability tests are performed to mine the significant independent variables and reliability of Lyfas ENS (LENS) application. Results: The study observes that SD1/SD2, LF/HF, HRVScore, ENERGY, DBP, BMI, HR, HbA1c, TSH, and Estradiol have significant roles in ENS. Bland Altman's reliability measure shows that LENS (novel instrument under trial) has a high agreement of 92.85% and 93.86%, respectively with ENS scoring done by senior psychologists (champion instrument1) and HAM-D grading performed by psychiatrists (champion instrument2). Conclusions: LENS can be used as a clinical-graded pocket application for screening and monitoring ENS.

Efficacy study of using group-based training in the elderly with post-stroke cognitive impairment / 中风与神经疾病杂志

@#To explore the efficacy of group cognitive intervention on elderly patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment（PSCI）comparing with one-to-one mode.Methods In this prospective study，64 patients with PSCI were selected from inpatients and outpatients in our hospital from September 2019 to March 2021，and were randomly divided into the experimental group and control group，32 in each group.The patients in experimental group were allocated rehabilitation subgroups according to the degree of cognitive impairment，and received the group cognitive intervention，and we started reward mechanism regularly.The control group received the one-to-one mode for cognitive intervention，the intervention content and intensity were the same as the experimental group.The intervention time was 4 weeks.To evaluate the efficacy of the two intervention modes，mini-mental state examination （MMSE），modified Barthel index（MBI），Hamilton anxiety scale-14 （HAMA-14） and Hamilton depression scale-24 （HAMD-24） was compared between the two groups after cognitive intervention.Results After 4 weeks treatment，MMSE and MBI of the two groups all increased compared with baseline scores，and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）.However，there was no significant difference in MMSE and MBI between the two groups after treatment （P>0.05）.After treatment，the scores of language ability in the experimental group were higher than the control group （P<0.05），while the scores of attention and computation ability were lower than control group（P<0.05）.HAMA-14 and HAMD-24 scores of the two groups were all decreased after treatment （P<0.05），and the scores of the experimental group were lower than the control group （P<0.05）.Conclusion The effect of collective mode cognitive intervention was not worse than one-to-one mode，and collective mode could improve the language ability and improve the adverse mood better than one-to-one mode.

Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with oral paroxetine on cognitive status and activities of daily living in older adult patients with severe depression / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with oral paroxetine in the treatment of older adult patients with severe depression and its effects on the scores of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Activities of Daily Living (ADL).Methods:A total of 192 older adult patients with severe depression who received treatment in Shaoxing 7 th People's Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to receive either oral paroxetine (control group, n = 96) or rTMS + oral paroxetine (observation group, n = 96). All patients received 1 month of treatment. Clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups. HAMD, MMSE, and ADL scores pre- and post-treatment and the incidence of adverse events during the treatment were compared between the two groups. Results:Total response rate was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group [96.88% (93/96) vs. 89.58% (86/96), χ2 = 4.04, P < 0.05]. HAMD scores post-treatment were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group [(6.43 ± 2.33) points vs. (11.32 ± 2.02) points, t = 15.53, P < 0.05]. MMSE and ADL scores post-treatment in the observation group were (29.13 ± 3.01) points and (71.52 ± 5.32) points, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(24.65 ± 2.79) points, (69.65 ± 5.17) points, t = 10.69, 2.47, P < 0.05]. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:The combined therapy of rTMS and oral paroxetine is highly effective on severe depression in older adult patients. It can improve cognitive function and the activities of life living.

Efficacy of combined fluoxetine and aniracetam tablets in the treatment of senile depression and its effects on serum total bile acid and norepinephrine levels / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of combined fluoxetine and aniracetam tablets in the treatment of senile depression and its effects on serum total bile acid (TBA) and norepinephrine (NE) levels.Methods:A total of 100 older adult patients with depression who received treatment in Heze Medical College from January 2019 to December 2019 were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to receive either fluoxetine tablets alone (control group, n = 50) or fluoxetine and aniracetam tablets (study group, n = 50). All patients received two months of treatment. Clinical efficacy, scores of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAMA) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD), adverse reactions, and serum TBA and NE levels were compared between the two groups. Results:Total response rate was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group [96.0% (48/50) vs. 84.0% (42/50), χ2 = 4.00, P = 0.045]. HAMD and HAMA scores post-treatment in the study group were (5.85 ± 1.81) points and (4.81 ± 1.57) points, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(11.65 ± 2.65) points, (10.85 ± 2.84) points, t = 10.84, P < 0.001; t = 11.16, P < 0.001). Serum NE level was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group [(138.68 ± 16.35) ng/L vs. (127.17 ± 14.34) ng/L, t = 3.17, P = 0.002]. There were no significant differences in serum TBA level [(5.85 ± 0.63) μmol/L vs. (5.91 ± 0.65) μmol/L] and the incidence of adverse reactions (8.00% vs. 6.00%) between the study and control groups ( t = 0.39, P = 0.692; χ2 = 0.15, P = 0.695). Conclusion:The combined therapy of fluoxetine and aniracetam tablets for the treatment of senile depression is safe and highly effective, does not affect metabolic function and thereby deserves clinical application.

Effects of structured group psychotherapy on symptoms and social function of patients with mild to moderate depression / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the effects of structured group psychotherapy on symptoms and social function of patients with mild to moderate depression.Methods:Sixty patients with mild to moderate depression who received treatment in Department of Psychiatry of the Third People's Hospital of Yongkang from June 2019 to May 2020 were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to receive either conventional antidepressants ( n = 30, control group) or conventional antidepressants combined with structured group psychotherapy ( n = 30, observation group). The Self-rating Anxiety Scale, Self-rating Depression Scale Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire were used to compare the anxiety state, depression state and coping style between the two groups. Results:Self-rating Anxiety Scale, Self-rating Depression Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire scores in the observation group were (44.21 ± 4.15) points, (45.28 ± 5.16) points, (12.41 ± 2.16) points, (9.75 ± 2.83) points, and (10.35 ± 2.23) points, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(51.14 ± 4.39) points, (53.64 ± 5.31) points, (16.73 ± 2.54) points, (14.18 ± 2.72) points, (14.73 ± 2.54) points, t = 6.283, 6.184, 7.097, 6.182, 7.375, all P < 0.001]. Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire score in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(31.42 ± 4.43) points vs. (24.16 ± 4.27) points, t = 7.432, P < 0.001]. Conclusion:Structured group psychotherapy combined with conventional antidepressant therapy for treatment of mild to moderate depression can greatly reduce the symptoms of anxiety and depression and improve the coping style.

Structural Differences of Depression for Patients with Parkinson's Disease Using Hamilton Depression Scale / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To explore the structural differences and the trend in series scores of Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods:From June, 2017 to March, 2018, 168 PD patients from Beijing Tiantan Hospital were reviewed. Their genders, ages, courses of disease, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) scores, unified Parkinson's disease rating scale III (UPDRS III) scores，Hoehn-Yahr stage and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, the most improvement ratios by PD drug and other clinical data were collected. The patients were divided into non-depression group (n = 61), mild depression group (n = 68) and moderate depression group (n = 39) according to the HAMD scores. The series scores of HAMD among the groups were compared. Results:The factor scores all increased with depression exacerbating (F > 10.546, P < 0.001), except day and night change in the mild depression group, while the proportion of anxiety/somatization score decreased, and the proportion of cognitive disorder and retardant scores increased. Conclusion:The depression structure changes in PD patients with depression exacerbating, which means decrease of anxiety/somatization and increase of cognitive disorder and retardant.

Mild and moderate postpartum depression treated with acupuncture of / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical therapeutic effect on mild and moderate postpartum depression treated with acupuncture of @*METHODS@#A total of 116 patients with mild and moderate postpartum depression were divided into an acupuncture group (103 cases) and a non-acupuncture group (13 cases) according to treatment regimen provided. In the acupuncture group, acupuncture of @*RESULTS@#The total effective rate of the acupuncture A group was 100.0% (31/31), better than 76.9% (10/13) in the non-acupuncture group and 58.1% in the acupuncture B group (18/31) (@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture of

Analysis on sleep quality and characteristics of depression patients with different degrees of anxiety / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective: To compare the sleep quality of depressive patients with and without anxiety symptoms. Methods: Hamilton Depression Scale-17 (HAMD-17), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale (PSQI) were used to assess the level of patients' depression, anxiety and sleep quality. The HAMA scores of patients ranged from 0 to 6 were in the anxiety-free group, 7 to 13 in the anxiety-prone group, and 14 or more in the anxiety group. Results: The PSQI scores of the group with anxiety were higher than those of anxiety-prone group and anxiety-free group (both P=0.000). Partial correlation analysis showed that, after controlling HAMD-17 scores, the correlation between HAMA scores and PSQI scores reduced gradually with the increase of anxiety level. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that sleep disorder was still an independent risk factor for depression after controlling HAMA score. Sleep latency, sleep time, hypnotics and daytime dysfunction were independent predictive factors of HAMD-17 score (all P<0.05). Conclusion: In patients with depressive disorder, the severity of sleep disorder increases with the increase of anxiety level. In the case of comorbidity anxiety, sleep disorder is still an independent risk factor for depressive disorder, and the relationship between depressive symptoms and sleep disorder indicators of different dimensions suggests that sleep disorder plays a comprehensive role in the pathogenesis of depressive disorder.

Association of SIRT1 gene with major depression and its clinical features / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective:To explore the relationship between rs3758391 polymorphism of SIRT1 gene and depressive symptoms, and to further understand the role of SIRT1 gene in major depressive disorder. Methods:A total of 323 patients with major depressive disorder were retrospectively collected from the Jinhua Second Hospital, Wenzhou Kangning Hospital and Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. A total of 347 healthy subjects were also recruited. Depressive symptoms were evaluated by using the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), and rs3758391 polymorphism was genotyped by using the TaqMan SNP genotyping Assay. The effect of rs3758391 polymorphism on the expression of SIRT1 mRNA in brain was analyzed by BRAINEAS database, and the difference of depressive symptom severity among three genotypes at rs3758391 polymorphism was compared by multivariate analysis of variance. Results:The frequencies of C and T alleles of rs3758391 polymorphism in SIRT1 gene were 18.7% and 81.3% in the case group, and 14.3% and 85.7% in the control group, respectively. The allelic distribution frequencies between the two groups were significantly different (χ2=4.86, P=0.03). There were significant differences in mood, cognitive impairment and HAMD scores among patients with different genotypes of rs3758391 polymorphism (P<0.05). The results of eQTL analysis showed that rs3758391 polymorphism was significantly correlated with the expression of SIRT1 gene in occipital cortex (OCTX) (P=0.003). Conclusion:rs3758391 polymorphism of SIRT1 gene may be a risk factor for major depressive disorder in Chinese Han population, and is associated with the severity of depressive symptoms, especially with emotional symptoms and cognitive impairment.

MicroRNA-451a, microRNA-34a-5p, and microRNA-221-3p as predictors of response to antidepressant treatment

Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been shown to be involved in early observations of depression. The aim of this study was to determine if serum levels of miRNA-451a, miRNA-34a-5p, and miRNA-221-3p can serve as indicators of disease progression or therapeutic efficacy in depression. We collected data from 84 depressed patients and 78 control volunteers recruited from the medical staff at the West China Hospital. Depression severity was rated using the 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD). Serum miRNA-451a, miRNA-34a-5p, and miRNA-221-3p levels were determined in samples from the depressed patients before and 8 weeks after antidepressant treatment as well as in samples from controls. Compared with the controls, the patients had lower miRNA-451a levels, higher miRNA-34a-5p and miRNA-221-3p levels, and increased HAMD scores whether they underwent antidepressant treatment or not. Eight weeks after antidepressant treatment, the patients exhibited increased miRNA-451a levels, decreased miRNA-34a-5p and miRNA-221-3p levels, and reduced HAMD scores. The serum level of miRNA-451a was negatively correlated with HAMD scores of the patients, while the serum levels of miRNA-34a-5p and miRNA-221-3p were positively correlated with HAMD scores whether the patients underwent antidepressant treatment or not. Paroxetine was markedly effective in 50 patients who also displayed an increased level of miRNA-451a but reduced levels of miRNA-34a-5p and miRNA-221-3p. In contrast, paroxetine was moderately effective or ineffective in 34 patients. In conclusion, depressed patients had lower serum miRNA-451a but higher serum miRNA-34a-5p and miRNA-221-3p, and these miRNAs are potential predictors of the efficacy of antidepressants.

Effect of early acupuncture intervention on post-stroke depression: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effects of conventional drug therapy combined with acupuncture and conventional drug therapy on the morbidity of post-stroke depression and recovery of neurological function in patients with acute stroke, and provide new ideas for prevention and treatment of post-stroke depression.@*METHODS@#Sixty patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each one.Conventional drug therapy was given in the control group;on the basis of conventional drug therapy,acupuncture was applied at Baihui (GV 20), Sishencong (EX-HN1), Neiguan (PC 6), Hegu (LI 4), Taixi (KI 3), etc. The treatment was given once every day, 6 times a week for 4 weeks in the two groups. The 24 Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD), modified Edinburgh-Scandinavian stroke scale (MESSS) scores were recored before treatment, after 1 week of treatment, and after 4 weeks of treatment in the two groups,and the morbidity of post-stroke depression was compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#After 1 week of treatment, the HAMD scale scores of the two groups were higher than those before treatment (both 0.05). The MESSS scores were lower than those after 1 week of treatment in the two groups (both <0.05), and the score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (<0.01). After 4 weeks of treatment, the morbidity of post-stroke depression in the observation group was 23.3% (7/30), which was lower than 66.7% (20/30) in the control group (<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Early acupuncture intervention on stroke patients can not only promote the recovery of neurological function, but also reduce the morbidity of post-stroke depression effectively.

Influencing factors for the psychological burden of depressive patients'caregivers / 预防医学

Objective To investigate the influencing factors for the psychological burden of depressive patients' caregivers. Methods We enrolled the chief caregivers of depressive patients who were hospitalized in Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital as our subjects. We investigated them by Caregiver Burden Inventory, Social Support Revalued Scale (SSRS) , Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Suicide Risk Assessment Scale, and learned influencing factors for the psychological burden of these caregivers by multiple linear regression analysis. Results We totally enrolled 101 subjects and collected 96 questionnaires (95.04%) . The 96 respondents scored (24.88±12.94) points in the psychological burden and 54 of which scored more than 20 points, accounted for 56.25%. The positive rate of mental pressure was 65.63%, which was the lowest; the positive rate of social burden was 93.75%, which was the highest. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the objective support (β=-1.856, P=0.002), subjective support (β=0.526, P=0.008) and high suicidal score of depressive patients (β=0.290, P=0.048) were the influencing factors for the psychological burden of depressive patients' caregivers. Conclusion More than half of the caregivers have psychological burden, which is associated with objective support, subjective support and high suicidal score of depressive patients.

The practical value of a Logistic regression model of serum indexes in differentiating between geriatric depression and depressive state / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the practical value of a logistic regression model of serum indexes in distinguishing between geriatric depression and geriatric depressive state. Methods A total of 160 patients were recruited from the outpatient department from January 2013 to January 2016 ,and were divided into a depression group (n= 80)and a depressive state group (n= 80) ,with retrospective diagnoses based on the Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders-Third-Edition(CCMD-3).Serum samples were collected and enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA)were used to determine the concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF ) ,glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF) ,fibroblast growth factor 2(FGF-2) ,vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ,interleukin-1β(IL-1β) ,interleukin-6 (IL-6) ,interleukin-10 (IL-10) ,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) ,cortisol (CORT ) ,and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF).Binary logistic regression analysis was used to establish the regression model ,and the ROC curve was drawn to explore its value of differentiating geriatric depression from depressive state. Results The levels of serum BDNF , GDNF and VEGF in the depression group were lower than those in the depressive state group (BDNF :208.7 ± 41.4 vs.262.9 ± 84.6 ng/L ,GDNF :92.3 ± 18.6 vs. 101.4 ± 30.9 ng/L ,VEGF :223.1 ± 98.2 vs. 257.8 ± 77.2ng/L) ,while the levels of IL-1βand CORT in the depression group were higher than in the depressive group(IL-1β:27.0 ± 4.9 vs.19.6 ± 5.7 μg/L ,CORT :96.3 ± 16.7 vs.83.0 ± 17.3 nng/L).In multivariate logistic regression analysis ,BDNF(OR = 0.987 ,P = 0.001) ,IL-1β(OR =1.29 ,P = 0.000)and CORT (OR = 1.065 ,P = 0.000)were selected to build the regression model. The regression equation was P=1/[1+e-(- 8.546 - 0.013(BDNF)+ 0.258(IL -1β)+ 0.063(CORT)) ]and the area under the ROC curve was 0.966.Compared with retrospective diagnoses made two weeks later ,the correct diagnosis rate of the logistic model was 90.47％. Conclusions The Logistic regression model of serum indexes can further differentiate between geriatric depression and depressive state which also offers additional benefits for the diagnosis ,differential diagnosis ,and treatment of depression.

Determination of serum fibroblast growth factor-22 level in patients with first episode depression and its related research / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To investigate the variation of serum fibroblast growth factor-22 (FGF-22) of first episode depressive patients before and after treatment,and its relations with serotonin (5-HT) and interleukin-1[β (IL-1β) levels and Hamilton's depression scale (HAMD) scores to provide assistance for further study of pathogenesis of depression.Methods Ninety patients with first episode depression accepted treatment in our hospital from June 2015 to June 2016 and 90 healthy controls were enrolled.The serum FGF-22 level was detected and Hamilton's depression scale (HAMD) was performed before and after drug treatment.The relations of FGF-22 level with 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and interleukin (IL)-1[β levels were analyzed.Results (1) Before treatment,the first episode depressive patients had significantly lower scrum FGF-22 level ([180.44±17.02] ng/mL) and statistically higher HAMD scores (17.84±5.92) as compared with the healthy controls ([200.74±16.63] ng/mL,1.88±2.67,P＜0.05).(2) The serum FGF-22 level after treatment ([195.74+19.57] ng/mL) was significantly higher than that before treatment,and the HAMD scores after treatment (7.64±4.09) were significantly lower than those before treatment (P＜0.05).(3) In the patient group,serum FGF-22 level and HAMD scores were negatively correlated (r=-0.644,P=0.000);serum FGF-22 level had positive correlation with 5-HT level (r=0.718,P=0.000),and negative correlation with IL-1β level (r=-0.763,P=0.000).Conclusion The serum FGF-22 level is abnormal in first episode depressive patients,and it could be a good indicator of peripheral blood in response to depression,which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of depression.

Clinical Observation of Acupuncture plus Paroxetine for Depression Due to Liver-qi Stagnation / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus Paroxetine in treating depression due to liver-qi stagnation, for seeking a more effective treatment for this disease.Method Sixty patients with depression due to liver-qi stagnation were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 30 cases in each group. The treatment group was intervened by acupuncture plus Paroxetine, while the control group was by Paroxetine alone, successively for 8 weeks. Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Chinese medicine syndrome and sign score, and central neurotransmitters were observed before and after the treatment, for evaluating the therapeutic efficacy.Result The total effective rate was 96.6% in the treatment group versus 71.4% in the control group, and the treatment group was superior to the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture plus Paroxetine is an effective method in treating depression due to liver-qi stagnation.

Clinical Observation of Hyperbaric Oxygen Combined with Flupentixol and Melitracen in the Treatment of Post-stroke Depression / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen combined with flupentixol and melitracen on depres-sion improvement,extremity motor function and ability of daily living and activity in patients with post-stroke depression (PSD). METHODS:60 PSD patients were divided into control group and observation group according to random number table,with 30 cases in each group. Both groups received routine clinical treatment,comprehensive rehabilitation therapy and psychotherapy. The control group was additionally given Flupentixol and melitracen tablets,orally,one tablet each time,in the morning;3 days later, one tablet each time,in the morning and noon,for 4 weeks. Other anti-depressive agents were not given during treatment. Observa-tion group was additionally given hyperbaric oxygen,0.12 MPa,for 90 min,qd,5 times a week,for 4 weeks,on the basis of control group. Depression degree [Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) and Self-rating depression scale(SDS)],extremity motor function [Fugl-Mayer motor function assessment (FMA)] and ability of daily living and activity [modified Barthel index (MBI)] were scored in 2 groups before and after treatment,and ADR was observed. RESULTS:After 4 weeks of treatment,HAMD and SDS of 2 groups were decreased significantly compared to before treatment,while FMA and MBI were increased significantly;the improvement of observation group was significantly better than that of control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). No ob-vious ADR was found in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Hyperbaric oxygen combined with flupentixol and melitracen can effectively improve PSD,relieve negative emotion and improve extremity motor function and ability of daily living and activity.