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Abstract Introduction: The endoparasite Dendrogaster argentinensis infects the intertidal brooder sea star Anasterias antarctica. This sea-star species is in the highest trophic level in the Beagle Channel. Objective: To study the effects of parasitism by D. argentinensis on the fitness and reproduction of A. antarctica. Methods: Adults from the brooder sea-star were collected from the rocky intertidal of Ensenada Zaratiegui bay (54°51' S & 68°29' W), Argentina. Eight seasonal samplings were performed (four seasons in two years) in the upper and low intertidal. During dissection, parasites were removed, and all organs were extracted and weighed separately. Results: Dendrogaster argentinensis prevalence was the highest for the region (20.4 %). Parasitized individuals were more frequent in the low intertidal in all seasons, with a higher difference in summer, where it is likely that the higher temperatures and strong winds could make the upper intertidal more challenging for a parasitized individual. Five parasitized individuals were castrated. Generally, the gonadal (GI) and somatic (pyloric caeca, PCI; stomach, SI; body wall, WI) indexes were lower in parasitized than non-parasitized individuals. Conclusions: Parasitism by D. argentinensis negatively affects A. antarctica condition. It affects reproduction because it reduces the GI, and can also produce castration. The parasite competes for the sea-stars' energetic resources, also decreasing the individual's capacity for feeding (reduced stomach) and growth (reduced body wall).
Resumen Introducción: El endoparásito Dendrogaster argentinensis infecta a la estrella de mar Anasterias antarctica, especie que se encuentra en el nivel trófico más alto del Canal Beagle. Objetivo: Estudiar los efectos del parasitismo de D. argentinensis en la condición fisiológica y reproducción de A. antarctica. Métodos: Adultos de la estrella de mar incubadora fueron recogidos del intermareal rocoso de la bahía Ensenada Zaratiegui (54°51' S & 68°29' W). Se realizaron ocho muestreos estacionales (cuatro temporadas en dos años) en el intermareal superior y bajo. Durante la disección, se removieron los parásitos, y todos los órganos, los cuales fueron pesados por separado. Resultados: La prevalencia de D. argentinensis fue la más alta de la región (20.4 %). Los individuos parasitados fueron más frecuentes en el intermareal bajo en todas las estaciones, siendo la mayor diferencia en verano, donde es probable que las temperaturas más altas y los fuertes vientos puedan hacer que el intermareal superior sea más desafiante para un individuo parasitado. Se observaron cinco individuos parasitados que estaban castrados. Generalmente, los índices gonadales (GI) y somáticos (ciego pilórico, estómago, y pared del cuerpo) fueron menores en los individuos parasitados que no parasitados. Conclusiones: El parasitismo de D. argentinensis afecta negativamente la condición fisiológica de A. antarctica. Afecta a la reproducción en términos de bajo GI y puede causar castración. El parásito compite por los recursos energéticos de las estrellas de mar, disminuyendo también la capacidad del individuo para alimentarse (reducción del estómago) y crecer (reducción de la pared del cuerpo).
Sujet(s)
Animaux , Parasites/microbiologie , Étoile de mer/parasitologieRÉSUMÉ
Objective:To explore the predictive value of uterine artery blood flow parameters of Doppler ultrasound combined with coagulation related indicators on the pregnancy outcome of recurrent abortion caused by thrombophilia.Methods:A total of 82 patients with recurrent abortion who admitted to the department of gynecology outpatient of Beijing Haidian Hospital from January 2020 to January 2023 were selected.All patients received relevant treatment,and the follow-up results were calculated as statistic method.Before treatment on the day after admission,uterine artery pulse index(PI),resistance index(RI),the ratio of the maximum blood flow velocity of systolic pressure(S)to the maximum blood flow velocity of end-diastolic(D)(S/D),and activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),prothrombin time(PT),fibrinogen(FIB),thrombin time(TT)and D-dimer(D-D)of all patients were detected.Pearson correlation analysis was adopted to analyze the correlations between PI,RI,S/D and each of APTT,PT,FIB,TT and D-D.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the values of single PI,RI,S/D,APTT,PT,FIB,TT and D-D,and the value of the combined detection of them in predicting the pregnancy outcome of recurrent abortion caused by thrombophilia.Results:Follow up results showed that 49 cases of 82 patients with recurrent abortion were successful pregnancy and 33 cases of them occurred pregnancy loss,and the PI,RI and S/D of pregnant women with successful pregnancy were significantly lower than those of pregnant women who occurred pregnancy loss,with statistical significance(t=10.598,6.693,3.059,P<0.05).The levels of APTT,PT,FIB,TT and D-D of pregnant women with successful pregnancy were significantly lower than those of pregnant women who occurred pregnancy loss,and the differences were statistically significant(t=9.552,96.462,22.767,5.100,95.805,P<0.05),respectively.PI appeared respectively positive correlation with APTT,PT,FIB,TT and D-D(r=3.178,P<0.05),and RI appeared respectively positive correlation with APTT,PT,FIB and D-D(r=3.246,P<0.05),and S/D also appeared respectively positive correlation with PT,FIB,TT and D-D(r=3.246,P<0.05).The sensitivities of single PI,RI,S/D,APTT,PT,FIB,TT and D-D detection,and the combined detection of them were respectively 42.40%,48.50%,39.40%,48.50%,63.60%,72.70%,42.40%,39.40%and 84.80%in predicting the pregnancy outcome of recurrent abortion caused by thrombophilia.The specificities of them were respectively 98.00%,71.40%,55.10%,75.50%,59.20%,71.40%,77.60%,85.70%and 98.80%,and the AUC values of them were respectively 0.674,0.685,0.409,0.646,0.784,0.788,0.566,0.563 and 0.941.Conclusion:Both single and combination of PI,RI and S/D of uterine artery blood flow parameters,as well as APTT,PT,FIB,TT and D-D of coagulation related indicators,have a certain value in predicting pregnancy outcome of recurrent abortion caused by thrombophilia,and the combined detection has higher predictive value.
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From the perspectives of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） information knowledge base and assisted decision-making knowledge base， the construction status， quality evaluation status and existing problems of current TCM knowledge bases have been sorted out. And based on the quality evaluation strategies and dimensions of know-ledge bases in other disciplines， the evaluation indexes for TCM knowledge base is discussed， and the evaluation framework is initially formed， providing ideas for the improvement of the TCM knowledge base evaluation system. In terms of the evaluation indexes， there are basic evaluation dimensions which include data sources， data collection， and data application. The specific evaluation dimension of the information-based knowledge base is data quality， while that of the assisted decision-making knowledge base is data matching. Except for the data application dimension which counts the valid data items in the database for calculation， other indexes are scored based on the qualitative evaluation of "yes"， "no" or "unknown". The basic evaluation score and the specific evaluation score are added to obtain the total score. The knowledge base is graded according to the score， and the results are presented in the form of grade plus number.
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RESUMO Este estudo ecológico analisou a correlação espacial entre indicadores socioeconômicos, demográficos e óbitos por covid-19 no Brasil. As variáveis independentes abrangeram população, sexo, idade, raça, alfabetização e índice de Gini, enquanto a variável dependente foi a mortalidade por covid-19. Os dados socioeconômicos e demográficos foram obtidos da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua, e os dados de casos e óbitos de covid-19 foram obtidos do site do Ministério da Saúde. A análise incluiu o cálculo dos Índices de Moran Global de forma uni e bivariada. Os resultados revelaram correlação espacial significativa das variáveis independentes com mortalidade por covid-19. Destaca-se correlação positiva moderada para os indivíduos alfabetizados e de 20 a 59 anos. Portanto, existe associação entre fatores socioeconômicos e mortalidade por covid-19, com variações entre os estados brasileiros. Essa conclusão ressalta a necessidade de implementar medidas intersetoriais para assegurar o acesso universal à saúde e alocar recursos de maneira equitativa entre os estados.
ABSTRACT This ecological study analyzed the spatial correlation between socioeconomic and demographic indicators and deaths due to COVID-19 in Brazil. The independent variables covered population, sex, age, race, literacy, and Gini index, while the dependent variable was COVID-19 mortality. Socioeconomic and demographic data were obtained from the Continuous National Household Sample Survey, and data on COVID-19 cases and deaths were obtained from the Ministry of Health website. The analysis included the calculation of univariate and bivariate Global Moran's Indices. The results revealed a significant spatial correlation of the independent variables with COVID-19 mortality. A moderate positive correlation stands out for literate individuals aged 20 to 59 years. Therefore, there is an association between socioeconomic factors and COVID-19 mortality, with variations between Brazilian states. This conclusion highlights the need to implement intersectoral measures to ensure universal access to health and allocate resources equitably across states.
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Objective:To analyze the predictive value of serological measures within 24 hours of admission in acute pancreatitis patients against patients with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP), because the severity of acute pancreatitis was characterized by a timely assessment and prediction by emergency department physicians upon visit.Methods:A total of 119 acute pancreatitis patients admitted in Emergency Department in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2022 to December 2022 were retrospectively collected. According to the revised Atlanta classification, patients were characterized by mild acute pancreatitis group (77 cases), moderately severe acute pancreatitis group (27 cases), and SAP group (15 cases). Basic characteristics, early disease severity scores and early serological indexes of the three groups were compared, independent risk factors of serological indexes affecting the occurrence of SAP were analyzed, and receiver operator characteristic curve was drawn, evaluate the predictive value of related serological indexes for SAP.Results:There were no significant differences in the basic characteristics of the three groups including of gender, age, BMI, type of pancreatitis and complications ( P>0.05), but there were significant differences in early BISPA, Ranson, APACHEⅡ and Panc3 scores among the three groups ( P<0.05).Albumin-bilirubin score ( OR=3.653, 95% CI 1.665-8.012, P=0.001), blood urea nitrogen ( OR=1.117, 95% CI 1.039-1.202, P=0.003) were independent risk factors for SAP. The areas under ROC curve predicted by albumin-bilirubin score, blood urea nitrogen and albumin-bilirubin score combined with blood urea nitrogen were 0.762, 0.776 and 0.857, respectively, which showed no statistical difference compared with earlier Ranson, BISAP and APACHE Ⅱ scoring systems, respectively ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Early albumin-bilirubin score and blood urea nitrogen indexes of acute pancreatitis patients have good predictive value for SAP. Albumin-bilirubin score combined with blood urea nitrogen can improve the predictive value of SAP, and the predictive effect is as good as early Ranson, BISAP and APACHEⅡ scoring systems.
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Objective:To design a set of evaluation index system for the medical service price reform mechanism, so as to provide reference for the evaluation of deepening the medical service price reform mechanism.Methods:On the basis of searching literature of medical service prices reformfrom August 2021 to March 2023, policy logic analysis and expert consultation were used to construct evaluation indexes for the medical service price reform mechanism, set evaluation index thresholds, and assign scores to index thresholds in different grades.Results:The evaluationindex system of medical service price reform mechanism included 5 level-1 indexes, 12 level-2 indexes and 35 level-3 indexes. After scoring, the scores of 5 level-1 indexes were 12, 24, 35, 21, and 8, respectively.Based on the percentile scoring method, the evaluation criteria were categorized into five grades: premium, excellent, good, average and failure.Conclusions:This study constructed a set of evaluation index system for the mechanism of medical service price reform, which had strong scientific and operability. However, due to the fact that medical service price reform in the new era is still in its initial stage, the index system need to be further optimized drawing on the practical experience of reforms in pilot cities.
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Objective To evaluate the effects of intraperitoneal injection of sodium iodate on the physiological indexes and retinal histopathological characteristics of SD rats comprehensively. Methods A total of 64 rats were randomly divided into negative control group and model group, half male and half female. The model group was intraperitoneally injected with 6 mg/mL sodium iodate once at the dose of 10 mL/kg and the negative control group was injected with 10 mL/kg 0.9% NaCl once. The body weight of all surviving rats was detected on the day of injection (0 day) and the 2nd, 6th, 9th, 13th, 16th, 20th, 23rd, 27th, 29th, 36th, 43rd, 50th and 57th days after injection. On the 3rd, 7th, 21st, 28th, 41st and 62nd days after injection, the rats were randomly selected (12 rats in each group on the 28th day, and 4 rats in each group at other time points, those in each group were half male and half female) for serum biochemical indexes detection. The organs were dissected and weighed, and then the main organs and tissues were stained with HE, and the eyes were stained with HE and TUNEL. Blood routine indexes were detected on the 28th and 62nd day after injection. Results After injection of sodium iodate, 88% of the rats in the model group had transient loose stools. During the observation period, the body weight of the rats increased slightly and was more obvious in male rats. On the 28th day after injection, compared with the negative control group, the red blood cell volume (RDW) of female rats and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), reticulocyte count (Retic#) and reticulocyte percentage (Retic%) of male rats in the model group increased significantly (all P＜0.05). The white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB) and hematocrit (HCT) of male and female rats showed decreasing trends, but there were no significant differences between the two groups (all P >0.05). The thymus weight and coefficient of male rats in the model group were smaller than those in the negative control group except for the 7th day after injection, but there were no significant differences between the two groups (all P ＞0.05). Histopathological examination showed that the retina of the model group gradually developed from wavy changes to abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG)-like changes, with disordered arrangement of each layer, focal thinning of the outer nuclear layer, and apoptosis of the outer nuclear layer of the retina. The incidence of lesions, lesion score and the number of apoptotic cells in the model group were significantly higher than or more than those in the negative control group at the same time, and the difference between the groups on the 28th day was statistically significant (all P＜0.01). Conclusion In addition to retinal degeneration in rats, intraperitoneal injection of sodium iodate also had a certain degree of influence on serum biochemical and blood routine indexes, and also showed a slight slow growth of body weight and transient changes in fecal traits. Therefore, when using this model to evaluate drug safety, the effects of modeling reagents on animals should be paid to attention.
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At present, Chinese residents have three iodine nutritional states: iodine deficiency, iodine appropriate and iodine excess. Appropriate iodine nutrition is crucial to the growth, development, and metabolic regulation of the body. Accurate assessment of individual iodine nutrition level is helpful to accurately understand the iodine status of the body and prevent iodine deficiency or excess. Previous indexes for assessing iodine nutrition include urinary iodine, thyroid stimulating hormone, goiter rate and so on, but these indexes have different degrees of shortcomings in individual iodine nutrition evaluation. This paper reviews the commonly used individual iodine nutrition evaluation indexes, and discusses the possibility of combined application of multiple indexes.
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Objective:To explore the changes of bone turnover markers and geometric parameters of hip bone in overweight postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome(MS), as well as the influence of MS components. To analyze the association of these factors with the risk of fracture.Methods:A total of 505 overweight postmenopausal female patients who underwent health check-up in Lianhu Community Service Center, Danyang City, Jiangsu Province from January to December 2017 were selected. According to the MS diagnostic criteria of the International Diabetes Federation(2009), the patients were divided into MS group( n=331)and non-MS group( n=174). Blood samples were collected to determine the level of procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide(P1NP)and carboxy-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type 1 collagen(CTX). Bone mineral density and hip bone geometry parameters were tested with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and hip structural analysis software. Results:The incidence of osteoporotic fracture and hip fracture in MS group was significantly higher than that in non-MS group(21.1% vs 13.8%, 4.8% vs 1. 1%, P<0.05). However, the bone mineral density of lumbar vertebra 1-4, femoral neck, and total hip in MS group was significantly higher than that in non-MS group, which remained after adjusting for age( P<0.05), but the difference disappeared after further adjustment for body mass index( P>0.05). The P1NP, CTX, femur strength index(FSI), section modulus(SM), and cross-sectional area(CSA)of MS group were significantly lower than those of non-MS group, the buckling ration(BR)was significantly higher than that in non-MS group, and the differences were still statistically significant after adjusting for age and body mass index( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in bone mineral density of lumbar vertebra 1-4, femoral neck, total hip, P1NP, and CTX between fracture group and non-fracture group in patients with MS. But FSI, SM, cross-sectional moment of inertia(CSMI), and CSA were significantly lower, BR was significantly higher( P<0.05) and femur strength decreased in patients with fracture. Regression analysis showed that high BR was an independent risk factor for fracture risk, while high FSI, SM, CSMI, and CSA were protective factors. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that wasit circumference, diastolic blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose were the main MS components affecting bone mineral density, bone turnover indexes, and hip bone geometry parameters. Conclusions:Overweight postmenopausal MS patients had decreased bone turnover rate, femoral strength, and relatively poor bone quality. Hip bone geometry parameters can be used as one of the methods to assess fracture risk in MS patients. Waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose are the important MS components affecting bone mass and bone quality.
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Objective:To investigate the correlations of endoscopic evaluation results with laboratory indices and clinical disease activity in Crohn disease (CD) patients with different intestinal involvement.Methods:Data of 147 patients diagnosed as having CD who visited the Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from July 1, 2017 to June 30, 2022 were collected retrospectively. According to the involvement of intestinal segment, patients were divided into three groups: the group with isolated small intestinal involvement ( n=55), the group with both small intestinal and large intestinal involvement ( n=48), and the group with isolated large intestinal involvement ( n=44). Correlations of endoscopic evaluation (based on CDEIS) with laboratory indices and clinical disease activity (based on Harvey-Bradshaw index) were analyzed. Results:C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) could be used for the prediction of endoscopic disease activity. The areas under curve (AUC) of receiver operator characteristic (ROC) were 0.677 (0.506-0.849) and 0.744 (0.597-0.890), respectively. In terms of determing clinical disease activity, clinical Harvey-Bradshaw index was consistent with endoscopic CDEIS score in 65.3% (96/147) patients, showing a low positive correlation ( r=0.260, P<0.05). In subgroup analysis for patients with isolated small intestinal involvement, CRP showed no predictive value for clinical disease activity [AUC (95% CI): 0.617 (0.461-0.773), P=0.148], while for endoscopic activity neither CRP nor ESR showed predictive value [AUC (95% CI): 0.537 (0.146-0.929), P=0.829; AUC (95% CI): 0.571 (0.153-0.990), P=0.680]. Furthermore, for patients with isolated small intestinal involvement and both small intestinal and large intestinal involvement, no correlation was found between clinical Harvey-Bradshaw index and endoscopic CDEIS score ( r=0.222, P=0.092; r=0.142, P=0.322). Conclusion:For CD patients with small intestinal involvement, especially isolated small intestinal involvement, laboratory indices and clinical disease activity cannot accurately reflect endoscopic disease activity. Great importance should be attached to evaluation of the extent and activity of intestinal lesions by endoscopy, especially enteroscopy.
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Objective To analyze the nutritional level, obesity status and the prevalence of frypertension in Blang, Deang and Va ethnic groups in Yunnan, to explore the relationship among nutritional physical index, obesity indicators and blood pressure, and use the cutoff value of related indicators to warn frypertension. Methods This paper was based on a statistical analysis of the 7 nutritional pfrysical indexes, 5 types of obesity status and frypertension status of 766 Blang, 570 Deang and 565 Va. Results We found that the nutritional pfrysique index of man)' items (4 items for men and 4 items for women) of Blang was significantly higher than that of Deang and Va (P Blang > Deang and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05). Conclusion Pelidisi' s index, WHR, and PBF all have good early warning effects on frypertension in all three ethnic groups.
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Objective:To investigate the correlation between serum recombinant sclerostin (SOST) and dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK-1) levels and bone metabolism indexes in patients with osteoporosis after differentiated thyroid cancer surgery.Methods:A total of 110 patients diagnosed with osteoporosis after differentiated thyroid cancer surgery were recruited as the study group, and another 110 patients without osteoporosis diagnosed after differentiated thyroid cancer surgery were recruited as the control group. The general data, bone mineral density, serum SOST, DKK-1 levels and bone metabolism indicators N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), beta-isomerized C-telopeptide (β-CTX), 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25- (OH) D3] levels were compared between the two groups. The correlation between serum SOST, DKK-1 levels and bone metabolism indexes was analyzed, and the risk factors affecting the formation of osteoporosis were explored.Results:The T value of bone mineral density in the study group (-3.27±0.92) was significantly lower than that in the control group (-1.23±0.27, t=22.32, P<0.001). The serum SOST (15.84±1.34, t=32.53, P<0.001) and DKK-1 (5.96±1.40, t=4.82, P<0.001) levels in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (SOST: 10.24±1.21, DKK-1: 5.05±1.40). The serum PINP (40.95±9.84, t=7.59, P<0.001), BALP (23.14±5.26, t=5.06, P<0.001) and β-CTX (1.07±0.54, t=4.96, P<0.001) in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (31.48±8.64, 19.64±4.99, 0.78±0.29), and the 25- (OH) D3 level (13.68±4.49) was significantly lower than that of the control group (18.31±5.72, t=6.68, P<0.001). Serum SOST was positively correlated with PINP ( r=0.33, P=0.001), BALP ( r=0.23, P=0.016) and β-CTX ( r=0.19, P=0.046), but not with 25- (OH) D3 ( r=-0.09, P=0.349). Serum DKK-1 was positively correlated with PINP ( r=0.19, P=0.044), BALP ( r=0.26, P=0.007) and β-CTX ( r=0.21, P=0.028), but not with 25- (OH) D3 ( r=-0.16, P=0.088). Serum SOST and DKK-1 levels were independent risk factors for osteoporosis (all P<0.05) . Conclusion:Serum SOST and DKK-1 levels are independent risk factors for the formation of osteoporosis, which are significantly positively correlated with bone metabolism indexes PINP, BALP, and β-CTX in patients with osteoporosis after differentiated thyroid cancer surgery.
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RESUMEN La biodiversidad del suelo está amenazada por cambios antropogénicos mundiales, como la intensifìcación del uso del suelo, la deforestación y fenômenos climáticos extremos. En esta investigación se identificó el estado de indicadores de respuesta biológica del suelo al manejo agroecológico de los sistemas de producción de Zona de Reserva Campesina de San Isidro, municipio de Pradera, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Se tomaron muestras de la capa superior del suelo en multiples sitios de cada sistema productivo. Se realizó análisis de textura del suelo, análisis de atributos químicos (pH, M.O., FF K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn y B), cuantificación microbiana y de mesofauna, y se analizaron indicadores de manejo agroecológico en cada uno de los 15 agroecosistemas. Se encontró que prevalece una labranza conservacionista y que entre las propiedades químicas del suelo que pueden mejorarse está el pH y que se debe fortalecer el manejo de materia orgánica. Se concluye que el actual manejo agroecológico realizado por la comunidad requiere incorporación de materia orgánica teniendo en cuenta la textura del suelo de cada agroecosistema para mejorar condiciones relacionadas con aireación, humedad y erosión del suelo. Se evidenciaron resultados promisorios en indicadores biológicos del suelo; sin embargo, se requieren esfuerzos adicionales para fortalecer su potencial ya que muchas propiedades evaluadas son el reflejo de multiples procesos, por lo tanto, es necesario establecer vínculos directos entre la biodiversidad del suelo y la producción de cultivos para implementar las prácticas de gestión.
ABSTRACT Soil biodiversity is threatened by global anthropogenic changes, such as intensification of land use, deforestation and extreme climatic events. This research identified the status of indicators of soil biological response to agroecological management of production systems in the San Isidro Peasant Reserve Zone, municipality of Pradera, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Topsoil samples were taken from multiple sites in each production system. Soil texture analysis, chemical attribute analysis (pH, M.O., FF K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and B), microbial and mesofauna quantification, and agroecological management indicators were analyzed in each of the 15 agroecosystems. It was found that conservation tillage prevails and that among the soil chemical properties that can be improved is pH and that organic matter management should be strengthened. It was concluded that the current agroecological management carried out by the community requires the incorporation of organic matter taking into account the soil texture of each agroecosystem to improve conditions related to soil aeration, humidity and erosion. Promising results were evidenced in soil biological indicators; however, additional efforts are required to strengthen their potential since many properties evaluated are the reflection of multiple processes, therefore, it is necessary to establish direct links between soil biodiversity and crop production in order to implement management practices.
RESUMO A biodiversidade do solo é ameaçada por mudanças antropogénicas globais, tais como intensificação do uso da terra, desmatamento e eventos climáticos extremos. Esta pesquisa identificou o status dos indicadores de resposta biológica do solo ao manejo agroecológico dos sistemas de produção na Zona de Reserva Camponesa de San Isidro, município de Pradera, Valle del Cauca, Colômbia. Amostras de solo superior foram coletadas de multiplos locais em cada sistema de produção. Análise da textura do solo, análise de atributos químicos (pH, M.O., FF K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn e B), quantificação microbiana e mesofauna, e indicadores de manejo agroecológico foram analisados em cada um dos 15 agroecossistemas. Constatou-se que a lavoura de conservação prevalece e que entre as propriedades químicas do solo que podem ser melhoradas está o pH e que o manejo da matéria orgânica deve ser reforçado. Conclui-se que o atual manejo agroecológico realizado pela comunidade requer a incorporação de matéria orgânica, levando em conta a textura do solo de cada agroecossistema para melhorar as condições relacionadas à aeração, umidade e erosão do solo. Resultados promissores foram evidenciados nos indicadores biológicos do solo; entretanto, esforços adicionais são necessários para fortalecer seu potencial, já que muitas propriedades avaliadas são um reflexo de múltiplos processos, portanto, é necessário estabelecer vínculos diretos entre a biodiversidade do solo e a produção de culturas para implementar práticas de gestão.
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RESUMEN Los alimentos de origen marino se caracterizan en general por su alto contenido en ácidos eicosapentaenoico (EPA) y docosahexaenoico (DHA), dos ácidos grasos poliinsaturados de la familia n-3 con funciones esenciales en el organismo humano. En Chile, las conservas de pescado, entre ellas el atún enlatado, son una de las formas principales de consumo de alimentos del mar. En este trabajo se analizaron los perfiles de ácidos grasos y se estimaron varios índices de calidad nutricional de distintas conservas de lomos de atún en agua y en aceite vegetal disponibles en supermercados de Santiago de Chile. Las cantidades de EPA+DHA encontradas oscilaron entre 184 y 310 mg/100 g y entre 110 y 336 mg/100 g en las conservas de atún en agua y en aceite, respectivamente. El ácido graso más abundante en las conservas de atún en agua fue el DHA, mientras que en las conservas en aceite fue el ácido linoleico, perteneciente a la familia n-6. Los índices de calidad lipídica del pescado (FLQ) y aterogénico (IA) fueron más altos en las conservas de atún en agua que en las de atún en aceite, mientras que la relación ácidos grasos hipocolesterolémicos/hipercolesterolémicos (HH) presentó valores mayores en el atún enlatado en aceite. El índice trombogénico (IT) fue en general más alto en las conservas de atún en aceite.
ABSTRACT Foods from marine origin are known to have a high content of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), two polyunsaturated fatty acids from the n-3 family with essential roles in the human organism. Canned fish, including tuna, is one of the main formats to consume marine foods in Chile. In this work, samples of canned tuna in water and in oil available in supermarkets of Santiago de Chile were analysed to elucidate their fatty acid composition and to estimate several indexes of nutritional quality related to the lipid fraction of such foods. The amounts of EPA+DHA ranged between 184 and 310 mg/100 g and between 110 and 336 mg/100 g for canned tuna in water and oil, respectively. DHA was the most abundant fatty acid in canned tuna in water, whereas linolenic acid (an n-6 fatty acid) was found to be the most abundant in canned tuna in oil. The Fish Lipid Quality (FLQ) and atherogenic index (AI) reached higher values in canned tuna in water than in canned tuna in oil, whereas the ratio hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic fatty acids (HH) was higher in canned tuna in oil. The thrombogenic index (TI) was generally higher for canned tuna in oil.
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Objetivo. Establecer la utilidad de los índices de vascularización cervical en la predicción de parto pretérmino inminente. Diseño. Estudio de casos-controles. Institución. Hospital Central "Dr. Urquinaona", Maracaibo, Venezuela. Participantes. Pacientes con parto pretérmino en los siguientes 7 días (grupo A) y embarazadas con parto pretérmino más allá de los 7 días (grupo B). Métodos. Las embarazadas fueron evaluadas utilizando ecografía transvaginal y seguidas hasta el parto. Principales medidas de resultado. Características generales, índices de vascularización cervical (índice de vascularización, índice de flujo e índice de vascularización / flujo), parto pretérmino inminente y eficacia pronóstica. Resultados. Fueron incluidas 350 pacientes, 75 mujeres presentaron parto pretérmino inminente (grupo A) y 251 pacientes fueron consideradas como controles (grupo B). Las pacientes del grupo A tuvieron valores significativamente más bajos del índice de vascularización e índice de flujo comparado con el grupo B (p = 0,0122 y p < 0,0001, respectivamente). Las pacientes del grupo B presentaron valores significativamente más altos de índice de vascularización / flujo comparadas con las pacientes del grupo A (p = 0,0103). Los tres índices y la combinación de estos no mostraron capacidad de discriminación de parto pretérmino inminente. Conclusiones. Las pacientes con parto pretérmino inminente presentan diferencias significativas en los índices de vascularización comparado con las pacientes que presentan parto pretérmino más allá de los 7 días de la evaluación ecográfica. Sin embargo, no son útiles en la predicción del parto pretérmino inminente.
Objective: To establish the usefulness of cervical vascularization low he in the prediction of impending preterm labor. Design: Case-control study. Institution: "Dr. Urquinaona" Central Hospital, Maracaibo, Venezuela. Participants: Patients with preterm delivery within 7 days (group A) and pregnant women with preterm delivery beyond 7 days (group B). Methods: Pregnant women were evaluated using transvaginal ultrasound and followed until delivery. Main outcome measures: General characteristics, cervical vascularity low he (vascularity index, low index and vascularity / low index), impending preterm delivery, and prognostic efficacy. Results: A total of 350 patients were included, 75 women presented imminent preterm labor (group A) and 251 patients were considered as controls (group B). Patients in group A had significantly lower values of vascularization index and low index compared to group B (p = 0.0122 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Patients in group B had significantly higher values of vascularization / low index compared to patients in group A (p = 0.0103). The three low he and the combination of these did not show the ability to discriminate imminent preterm labor. Conclusions: Patients with imminent preterm labor showed significant differences in the vascularization low he compared to patients presenting preterm labor beyond 7 days of ultrasound evaluation. However, they are not useful in predicting impending preterm labor.
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Resumen En el presente estudio se realizaron cálculos con base en la Teoría del Funcional de la Densidad Electrónica (DFT) con la aproximación B3PW91/LANL2DZ para optimizar los sistemas monometálicos y bimetálicos Au9, Au8Pd, Au8Pt, AuPd8, AuPt8, Pd9 y Pt9. Los materiales fueron teóricamente evaluados como catalizadores para la oxidación de monóxido de carbono (CO) y se determinó el sistema más favorable para la adsorción de esta molécula. La sustitución de átomos de Pt y Pd por átomos de Au en los nonámeros generó un cambio en la estructura tridimensional del sistema. El análisis de reactividad global mostró que el clúster más reactivo es PÍ9, seguido por AuPt s . Los índices de Fukui identificaron los sitios más susceptibles para un ataque nucleofílico de ambos clústeres. La adsorción de CO generó una cascada de oxidación que liberó ~4,5 eV, indicando que la reacción es altamente exotérmica y exergónica. Los clústeres AuPt s y Pt 9 mostraron los valores más bajos de energía de activación de la etapa determinante del mecanismo. En general, la sustitución de un átomo de platino (o paladio) por un átomo de oro no afecta la reactividad de los nonámeros y, por tanto, se infiere que el clúster AuPt s podría ser un catalizador promisorio en la oxidación de CO.
Abstract In the current study were development calculations based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) with the B3PW91/LANL2DZ approach for optimizing both monometallic and bimetallic systems: Au9, AusPd, Au8Pt, AuPds, AuPts, Pd9 y Pt9. Such materials were theoretically tested as catalyst for the oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) and the most favorable system for its further adsorption was determined. The substitution of Pt and Pd by Au atoms in the nonamers generated a change in the tridimensional structure of the system. The global reactivity analysis showed that the most reactive cluster is Pt9 followed by AuPts. On the other hand, the Fukui indexes identified the most susceptible sites for a nucleophilic attack of both clusters. The CO adsorption generated an oxidation cascade which liberated ∼ 4.5 eV, indicating that the reaction is highly exothermic and exergonic. Both AuPt8 and Pt9 showed the lowest values of activation energy in the determining step of the mechanism. In general, the substitution of a Pt (Pd) atom by an Au atom does not affect the reactivity of the nonamers and then it is inferred that the AuPds cluster could be a promissory catalyst in the CO oxidation.
Resumo No presente estudo, cálculos baseados na Teoria do Funcional da Densidade Eletrônica (DFT) com a abordagem B3PW91/LANL2DZ foram realizados para otimizar sistemas monometálicos e bimetálicos Au9, Au8Pd, Au8Pt, AuPd8, AuPt8, Pd9 y Pt9. Tais materiais foram teoricamente avaliados como catalisadores para a oxidação do monóxido de carbono (CO) e foi determinado o sistema mais favorável para a adsorção desta molécula. A substituição dos átomos de Pt e Pd por átomos de Au nós não-nomes gerou uma mudança na estrutura tridimensional do sistema. A análise de reatividade global mostrou que o cluster mais reativo é Pt9, seguido por AuPt8. Os índices de Fukui identificaram os sítios mais suscetíveis ao ataque nucleofílico de ambos os clusters. A adsorção de CO gerou uma cascata de oxidação que liberou ~4,5 eV, indicando que a reação é altamente exotérmica e exergônica. Os aglomerados AuPt 8 y Pt 9 apresentaram os menores valores de energia de ativação do estágio determinante do mecanismo. Em geral, a substituição de um átomo de platina (ou paládio) por um átomo de ouro não afeta a reatividade dos não-nomes e, portanto, infere-se que o aglomerado AuPt 8 pode ser um catalisador promissor na oxidação do CO.
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Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and pathogen distributions of the patients with bone and joint infection.Methods:The clinical data and etiological results of 225 patients with bone and joint infection from January 2008 to October 2020 in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University were retrospectively analyzed.Statistical analysis was conducted by chi-square test.Results:Of the 225 cases with bone and joint infection, 75.6%(170/225) were extremities and other osteomyelitis, 16.0%(36/225) were suppurative arthritis, 8.4%(19/225) were spinal osteomyelitis. Non-implants related infection accounted for 80.4%(181/225) of the cases, while 19.6%(44/225) of the cases were implants related infection. The main clinical manifestations were localized pain (48.4%(109/225)), dyskinesia (47.6%(107/225)), localized swelling (28.9%(65/225)), fever (28.0%(63/225)), and increased purulent exudation (24.9%(56/225)). The proportions of localized pain (55.8%(101/181)) and fever (31.5%(57/181)) of non-implants infection were higher than those of implants infection (18.2%(8/44) and 13.6%(6/44), respectively), while the proportion of increased purulent exudation in implants infection (50.0%(22/44)) was higher than that in non-implants infection (18.8%(34/181)). There were all significant differences between the two groups ( χ2=15.49, 5.60 and 18.45, respectively, all P<0.050). Of the 225 cases, 63 cases(28.0%) had complications with other site infection, especially soft tissue infection and bloodstream infection. A total of 106 strains of pathogens were isolated from 225 specimens, 58.5%(62/106) of them were Gram positive bacterium.Among them, 34.0%(36/106) were Staphylococcus aureus, with the rate of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolation accounting for 11.3%(12/106). Laboratory tests showed that 40.4%(91/225) of the patients had elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), 32.9%(74/225) patients had elevated C-reactive protein (CRP). Proportions of patients with elevated ESR (43.6%(79/181)) and CRP (37.6%(68/181)) in non-implants infection were significantly higher than those in implants infection (27.3%(12/44) and 13.6%(6/44), respectively). There were significant differences between the two groups ( χ2=3.94 and 9.19, respectively, P=0.047 and 0.002, respectively). Conclusions:The main clinical manifestations of bone and joint infection are localized pain, dyskinesia, localized swelling, fever and increased purulent exudation. Patients with bone and joint infection are easy to be complicated with soft tissue infection and bloodstream infection, and often accompanied by increased ESR and CRP levels. Gram positive bacterium are the main pathogens.
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Objective:To document the blood indexes of middle-aged and elderly intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients complicated with deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted of 77 hospitalized ICH patients using venous color Doppler ultrasonography within 3 days of admission. According to the results, they were divided into a DVT group (18 cases) and a non-DVT group (59 cases). The blood routine, biochemistry, coagulation, and D-dimer examinations were conducted on the 2nd day after admission. T-tests and rank sum tests tested the significance of any differences between the groups in average white blood cell counts, neutrophil percentages, platelets, albumin, globulin, fasting blood glucose, urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, electrolytes, fibrinogen or D-dimer.Results:The average levels of albumin, uric acid and calcium in the DVT group were significantly lower than in the non-DVT group. The average levels of fasting blood glucose and D-dimer were significantly higher.Conclusions:Decreased serum uric acid, calcium and albumin levels, together with increased fasting blood glucose and D-dimer are related to the occurrence of DVT in ICH patients. To reduce the risk of DVT it is important to maintain normal levels of serum uric acid, calcium and albumin and to limit D-dimer and fasting blood glucose.
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【Objective】 To explore the changes of blood routine, biochemical indexes and coagulation indexes of voluntary blood donors after COVID-19 vaccination, so as to provide a scientific basis for blood donation strategy and to ensure blood safety. 【Methods】 From March to August 2021, 55 blood donors who had received COVID-19 vaccination were sampled at the 2nd, 4th and 8th weeks after vaccination for blood routine, biochemical and coagulation indexes testing. The changes were analyzed. 【Results】 At the second week after vaccination, abnormal blood routine indicators occurred 16(5.82%) occasions, abnormal biochemical indicators 159(36.14%) occasions; at the 4th week after vaccination, abnormal blood routine indicators 14(5.10%) occasions and abnormal biochemical indexes 151(34.32%) occasions. There was no difference in blood routine and biochemical indexes before and after vaccination(P>0.05). Among the coagulation indexes, the incidence of abnormal increase of FⅧ activity at the 2nd, 4th and 8th weeks after vaccination were 34.5%(19/55), 40%(22/55) and 50.9%(28/55), respectively. The the incidence of abnormal increase of TT were 3.6%(2/55), 7.2%(4/55) and 21.8%(12/55), respectively. Both TT and FⅧ activity had a tendency of increasing(P<0.05), APTT had an decreasing trend(P<0.05), and FIB content took on dynamical changes(P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The blood indicators of blood donors after receiving COVID-19 vaccination are almost within the normal reference values. They can donate regularly according to the required interval, which may help to improve the potential transient changes of coagulation function.
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@#To explore the predictive value of liver function indexes on the clinical severity at nadir and prognosis of patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome（GBS）. Methods The clinical data of 206 GBS patients hospitalized in the affiliated hospital of Jining Medical University from January 2010 to September 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent factors affecting the severity and prognosis of GBS patients. The receiver operator characteristic curve （ROC） was used to evaluate the predictive value of pretreatment liver function indexes on the severity at nadir and prognosis of GBS patients. Results Albumin，A/G ratio，GGT，and ball palsy were the risk factors that affected the severity of disease in GBS patients at the peak （all P<0.05）；albumin，GGT，and mechanical ventilation were the risk factors for prognosis of GBS patients （all P values<0.05）. Conclusion Albumin and GGT have potentials to predict clinical severity at nadir and outcome at 6 months in patients with GBS.