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In the case of intracranial hemorrhage,coders tend to ignore the cause of intracranial hemorrhage in the cod-ing,whether it is spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage or intracranial hemorrhage caused by trauma,and the coding of the two is completely different in ICD-10.The former is classified as I60-I62 while the latter is classified as S06.Different etiology will also enter different DRG groups when DRG is included.When determining the cause,the site of intracranial hemorrhage should be determined whether it is subarachnoid hemorrhage,or epidural/subdural hemorrhage or cerebral parenchymal hemorrhage,be-cause different bleeding sites have different codes in ICD-9-CM-3 when performing blood removal in cranial swelling.The classifi-cation of epidural hematoma removal was on 01.24,subdural or subarachnoid hematoma removal was on 01.31,and intracerebral parenchymal hematoma removal was on 01.39.The removal of intracranial hematoma is usually divided into cone craniotomy,skull trepanation and drainage and traditional craniotomy according to different operation methods.The operation process of these three operations is obviously different,and coders need to understand the characteristics of the three operations to achieve accurate classification.In the DRG grouping,the disease code is different from the surgical code and the DRG group will be different.Through understanding the definition and etiology of intracranial hematoma removal,the coding ideas of intracranial hematoma re-moval were analyzed,so as to improve the professional ability of coders and ensure the accuracy of DRG data.
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Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a serious medical condition that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality if not diagnosed and treated promptly. Early detection and treatment are essential for improving the outcome in patients with ICH. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive imaging technique that has been used to detect changes in brain tissue oxygenation and blood flow in various conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive potential of NIRS for early diagnosis of ICH in patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) triage with headache. A total of 378 patients were included in the study. According to the final diagnosis of the patients, 4 groups were formed: migraine, tension-cluster headache, intracranial hemorrhage and intracranial mass, and control group. Cerebral NIRS values "rSO2" were measured at the first professional medical contact with the patient. The right and left rSO2 (RrSO2, LrSO2) were significantly lower and the rSO2 difference was significantly higher in the intracranial hemorrhage group compared to all other patient groups (P<0.001). The cut-off values determined in the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis were RrSO2 ≤67, LrSO2 ≤67, and ΔrSO2 ≥9. This study found that a difference of more than 9 in cerebral right-left NIRS values can be a non-invasive, easy-to-administer, rapid, and reliable diagnostic test for early detection of intracranial bleeding. NIRS holds promise as an objective method in ED triage for patients with intracranial hemorrhage. However, further research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits and limitations of this method.
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Resumen Los nacimientos prematuros representan un in dicador importante de salud de un país. Estos niños tienen un mayor riesgo de mortalidad y morbilidad. Las principales lesiones encefálicas en los prematuros incluyen lesiones de la sustancia blanca, hemorragias intracraneanas y lesiones cerebelosas, que pueden ser detectadas mediante ecografía encefálica y resonancia magnética, siendo esta última la técnica más sensible. Estas lesiones pueden tener repercusión a largo plazo en el neurodesarrollo de los prematuros, con un mayor riesgo de parálisis cerebral, trastornos cognitivos, con ductuales, sensoriales y del aprendizaje, entre otros. Es fundamental aplicar estrategias de prevención y aten ción temprana para reducir las consecuencias negativas de las lesiones encefálicas asociadas a la prematuridad.
Abstract Premature births are an important health indicator for a country. These children have a higher risk of mor tality and morbidity. The main brain injuries in preterm infants include white matter injuries, intracranial hem orrhages, and cerebellar injuries. These injuries can be detected through brain ultrasound and magnetic reso nance imaging (MRI), with MRI being the most sensitive technique. Perinatal brain injuries may have long-term consequences on the neurodevelopment of preterm infants, with an increased risk of cerebral palsy, cogni tive, behavioral, sensory, and learning disorders, among others. It is key to implement prevention strategies and early intervention to reduce the negative consequences of brain injuries associated with prematurity.
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Resumen La deficiencia congénita de factor VII es uno de los desórdenes congénitos de la coagulación más comunes, con una prevalencia a nivel mundial de 1:300,000- 1:500,000. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 37 semanas y 5 días, nacido por cesárea intraparto y con el antecedente heredofamiliar de muerte de hermano a los 4 días de nacido por hemorragia intracraneal, quien a los 14 días de nacido es llevado a emergencias por sangrado umbilical que persistía después del desprendimiento del cordón. Su abordaje inicial incluyó la toma de tiempos de coagulación, lo que mostró alteración del tiempo de protrombina con tiempo de tromboplastina parcial y fibrinógeno normales. El sangrado, así como el tiempo de protrombina prolongado, persistió a pesar de que se administrara vitamina K en tres ocasiones y de transfundir plasma fresco congelado. Se sospechó defecto congénito de factor VII, que se confirmó con la cuantificación del factor. A los 2 meses y 10 días de edad, se le realizaron estudios moleculares basados en secuenciación masiva de nueva generación (NGS por sus siglas en inglés). El análisis determinó dos variantes heterocigotas: F7, intrón 5, c.430+1G>A y F7, intrón 8, c.805+1G>A. Actualmente, el paciente se maneja con profilaxis 5 días de la semana con factor VII recombinante 200 µg/día intravenoso (280 µg/kg) sin recurrencia de sangrados.
Abstract Factor VII congenital deficiency is one of the most common congenital deficiencies of the blood system, with a worldwide prevalence of 1:300,000- 1:500,000. Here we describe a male patient, born by C section, with the family history of death at 4 days old of a sibling caused by intracranial hemorrhage, who presented bleeding at the umbilical cord site at 14 days old, even after falling of the cord. The initial assessment included laboratory tests with coagulation times revealing prolonged prothrombin time, with normal partial thromboplastin time as well as fibrinogen. The bleeding and the prolonged prothrombin time persisted despite the administration of vitamin K in three doses as well as fresh frozen plasma. Congenital defect of factor VII was suspected and later confirmed by measuring the factor. At the age of 2 months and 10 days, molecular studies based on next-generation massive sequencing (NGS) were performed. The analysis exhibited two heterozygous variants: F7, intron 5, c.430+1G>A y F7, intron 8, c.805+1G>A. Currently the patient is receiving prophylaxis 5 days per week with recombinant factor VII 200 µg/ day intravenous (280 µg/kg) with no recurrent bleeding.
Sujet(s)
Humains , Mâle , Nourrisson , Hémorragies intracrâniennes/diagnostic , Déficit en facteur VII/diagnostic , Costa Rica , HéréditéRÉSUMÉ
Purpose: To study the presentation and outcomes of infantile Terson syndrome (TS). Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of 18 eyes of nine infants diagnosed to have TS?related intraocular hemorrhage (IOH). Results: Nine infants (seven males) were diagnosed to have IOH secondary to TS, of which eight infants had imaging features suggestive of intracranial bleed meeting our definite criteria. Median age at presentation was 5 months. In 11 eyes of six infants with suspected birth trauma, the median age of presentation was 4.5 months (range 1–5 months) of which one baby had a history of suction cup?aided delivery and four babies had a history of seizures. Vitreous hemorrhage (VH) was noted in 15 eyes (extensive in 11 eyes). Ten of these eyes showed membranous vitreous echoes, or triangular hyperechoic space with apex at the optic nerve head (ONH) posteriorly and base at the posterior lens capsule anteriorly, with or without dot echoes in the rest of the vitreous cavity, with a configuration of “tornado?like hemorrhage” suggestive of Cloquet’s canal hemorrhage (CCH). Eight eyes underwent lens?sparing vitrectomy (LSV) and one eye underwent lensectomy with vitrectomy (LV). On follow?up, disc pallor and retinal atrophy were noted in 11 and 10 eyes, respectively. The mean follow?up was 62 months (1.5 month–16 years). Visual acuity/behavior improved in all cases at the final follow?up. Developmental delay was noted in four children. Conclusion: Unexplained and altered vitreous hemorrhage with typical ultrasonography (USG) features should raise the suspicion of CCH in TS. Despite early intervention to clear visual axis, anatomical and visual behavior may remain subnormal.
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OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effects on neural function, living ability and mental state of the patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), as well as aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in the serum after treated with electroacupuncture (EA) on the base of routine therapy of western medicine.@*METHODS@#Seventy-two acute ICH patients were randomized into an observation group (36 cases, 4 cases dropped off) and a control group (36 cases, 2 cases dropped off). In the control group, the conventional treatment was delivered such as stopping bleeding, preventing re-hemorrhage, controlling blood pressure, mitigating neural edema and reducing intracranial pressure. In the observation group, on the base of the treatment in the control group, EA was supplemented. Acupoints included Shuigou (GV 26), bilateral Neiguan (PC 6) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) etc. Electric stimulation was operated at Neiguan (PC 6) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) on the same side, with disperse-dense wave, and 2 Hz/100 Hz in frequency, tolerable current intensity. Electric stimulation was delivered for 30 min in each treatment, once daily and for 6 times per week. The duration of treatment was 2 weeks in the two groups. Before and after treatment, changes of the scores of National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS), modified Barthel index (MBI) and mini-mental state examination (MMSE), as well as AQP4 content in the serum were observed in the two groups; the efficacy and safety were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#The NIHSS scores and the serum AQP4 content decreased after treatment when compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05), while, MBI and MMSE scores increased (P<0.05). In the observation group, NIHSS score and serum AQP4 content were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05), and MBI and MMSE scores were higher (P<0.05). The total effective rate of the observation group was 93.8% (30/32), higher than that of the control group (73.5%, 25/34, P<0.05). The treatment in the two groups was safe, without adverse reactions and events occurring in the patients.@*CONCLUSION@#Electroacupuncture, on the base of conventional treatment of western medicine, can effectively improve the neural function, living ability, mental state and serum AQP4 content of the patients with acute ICH. It is suggested that the effective treatment by electroacupuncture may be related to the regulation of the serum AQP4 content.
Sujet(s)
Humains , Électroacupuncture , Aquaporine-4 , Thérapie par acupuncture , Hémorragie cérébrale/thérapie , Résultat thérapeutique , Points d'acupunctureRÉSUMÉ
Objective To construct a risk prediction model of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)after hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in elderly patients and analyze the correla-tion of PTSD with rs806377 polymorphism of cannabinoid receptor 1(CNR1)gene.Methods A total of 215 elderly patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage admitted to the Department of Neurology of Geriatric Hospital of Hainan and Department of Neurosurgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University from January 2020 to August 2022 were enrolled in this study.According to the results of PTSD scale(scoring>50 or 0~50)after surgical treatment,they were divided into PTSD group(43 cases)and non-PTSD group(172 cases).The rs806377 polymorphism of CNR1 gene was detected in both groups by gene sequencing.Univariate and mul-tivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the susceptibility to PTSD among the elderly after hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.Another 103 elderly patients with hyperten-sive intracerebral hemorrhage during the same period were also subjected and served as verifica-tion set.A prediction model was constructed.Results There were significant differences in age,family annual income,blood loss amount,psychological resilience score and social support score between the PTSD group and non-PTSD group(P<0.05,P<0.01).The PTSD group had obvi-ously larger proportion of TT genotype carriers and higher T allele frequency than the non-PTSD group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=2.020,95%CI:1.115-3.658),family annual income(OR=1.799,95%CI:1.232-2.626),blood loss(OR=1.507,95%CI:1.243-1.826),psychological resilience score(OR=2.059,95%CI:1.068-3.969),social support score(OR=1.664,95%CI:1.122-2.467),rs806377 TT genotype(OR=1.861,95%CI:1.485-2.331)and rs806377 T allele(OR=3.777,95%CI:2.049-6.962)were the influencing fac-tors of postoperative PTSD in these patients(P<0.05,P<0.01).ROC curve analysis indicated that the sensitivity was 69.57%,the specificity was 71.25%,and the AUC value was 0.762(95%CI:0.708-0.813)in the verification group,indicating a certain accuracy of our model.Conclusion CNR1 gene rs806377 locus polymorphism is an influencing factor for PTSD susceptibility,and rs806377 TT genotype and rs806377 T allele can predict PTSD in elderly patients after hyperten-sive intracerebral hemorrhage.
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@#Objective To investigate the relationship between NLR and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) in patients with acute anterior circulation stroke undergoing endovascular treatment. Methods A total of 437 consecutive patients with acute stroke treated with endovascular treatment (EVT) were included. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage was present. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results Compared with the non-symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the history of stroke and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio were independent risk factors for postoperative symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage. The Area Under The Curve(AUC) value of NLR showed moderate accuracy,with an AUC value of 0.589 (95%CI 0.509-0.688,P=0.029). The NSE cut-off value was set at 5.89.When the NLR≥ 5.89,the sensitivity was 65.00%,and the specificity was 51.65% (P=0.029). Conclusion Elevated NLR is an independent predictor for patients with acute anterior circulation stroke who are undergoing endovascular treatment.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of minimally invasive catheterization based on computer 3D-Slicer software system in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH).Methods:Three hundred and fifty patients with HICH treated in People′s Hospital of Lanling County in Shandongfrom June 2019 to June 2020 were selected as the research object. According to the operation method, they were divided into 3D-Slicer group (175 cases) and CT group (175 cases). They were treated with 3D-Slicer software-assisted minimally invasive catheterization and minimally invasive soft-channel drainage under CT localization, respectively. The general conditions of the surgery, hematoma clearance rate and laboratory indexes, oxidative stress index and prognosis were compared between the two groups.Results:The intraoperative blood loss, the hospitalizationtimein the 3D-Slicer group were lower than those in the CT group: (81.42 ± 12.33) ml vs. (101.54 ± 11.71) ml, (15.67 ± 3.71) d vs. (17.22 ± 3.52) d; the success rate of one-time successful puncture to preset position in the 3D-Slicer group was higher than that in the CT group: 100.00%(175/175) vs. 81.14%(142/175), there were statistical differences ( χ 2 = 34.26, P<0.05). The hematoma clearance rate after the surgery for 1, 3 and 7d in the 3D-Slicer group were higher than those in the CT group:(87.93 ± 8.54)% vs. (66.43 ± 7.99)%, (92.48 ± 10.31)% vs. (89.52 ± 11.74)%, (96.37 ± 10.22)% vs. (94.30 ± 9.25)%, there were statistical differences( P<0.05). After the surgery for 7 d, the levels of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the 3D-Slicer group were higher than those in the CT group: (121.36 ± 10.59)U/L vs. (109.14 ± 9.05) U/L, (92.80 ± 8.63) μg/L vs. (81.45 ± 9.11) μg/L, (24.64 ± 5.43) U/L vs. (20.84 ± 3.47) U/L; while the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was lower than that in the CT group: (4.42 ± 0.57)μmol/L vs. (5.19 ± 0.51) μmol/L, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). After the surgery for 3 months, the rate of favorable prognosis in the 3D-Slicer group was higher than that in the CT group 73.71%(129/175) vs. 62.29%(199/175), there was statistical difference ( χ2 = 5.25, P<0.05). Conclusions:Minimally invasive catheterization based on 3D-Slicer software system in the treatment of HICH can not only improve the clinical efficacy, but also shorten the hospitalization time, reduce intraoperative blood loss, and improve the prognosis.
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Objective:To investigate the efficacy of Compound Musk combined with nimodipine combined with minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage and the effects on serum inflammation, stress and apoptosis.Methods:Prospective research methods was used. A total of 118 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage who received treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2017 to January 2021 were randomly divided into control group and Compound Musk group (59 cases in each group). After minimally invasive surgery, patients in the control group were treated with nimodipine on the basis of conventional treatment, while patients in the Compound Musk group were treated with compound musk on the basis of the control group. After 2 weeks, the efficacy was evaluated and the levels of serum inflammatory indexes, oxidative stress indexes and apoptosis indexes were measured.Results:The total effective rate in Compound Musk group was higher than that in control group: 98.3% (58/59) vs. 88.1% (52/59), and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). After 2 weeks of treatment, serum inflammatory indexes including nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9); apoptosis indexes including soluble Fas receptor (sFas), soluble Fas ligand (sFAS-L); oxidative stress indexes including advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased, and some oxidative stress indexes including glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) increased. The levels of the above inflammatory indexes, apoptosis indexes and oxidative stress indexes in Compound Musk group were lower than those in control group, NF-κB: (18.96 ± 2.17) ng/L vs. (24.10 ± 3.23) ng/L, IL-1β: (12.88 ± 1.74) ng/L vs. (15.19 ± 1.63) ng/L, MMP-3: (5.62 ± 0.95) ng/L vs. (7.97 ± 0.86) ng/L, MMP-9: (7.07 ± 0.86) ng/L vs. (9.26 ± 1.13) ng/L, sFas: (3.24 ± 0.38) μg/L vs. (4.19 ± 0.53) μg/L, sFas-L: (209.17 ± 24.39) ng/L vs. (288.54 ± 37.61) ng/L, AOPP: (10.76 ± 1.84) μg/L vs. (13.51 ± 2.09) μg/L, MDA: (2.87 ± 0.32) μmol/L vs. (3.45 ± 0.34) μmol/L, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Some of the above oxidative stress indexes were higher than those in control group, GSH-Px: (3 274.91 ± 376.09) U/L vs. (2 854.19 ± 325.22) U/L, CAT: (60.82 ± 7.43) U/L vs. (52.17 ± 6.48) U/L, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). During treatment, there was no significant difference in the incidence of rash, diarrhea, drug-induced liver and myocardial injury between two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Compound Musk has a positive effect on improving the curative effect and internal environment of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage after minimally invasive surgery, and will not increase the occurrence of serious adverse reactions.
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Patients with intracranial hemorrhage and indications of antithrombotic therapy are common in clinical practice. However, whether and when to start anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy after intracranial hemorrhage are still debatable. Clinicians are posed with huge challenges without available guidelines. Through reviewing relevant literature, this article analyzed the risks of thromboembolism and hemorrhage recurrence after initiation of anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy in patients with intracranial hemorrhage due to various etiologies. This article also presented the initiation time and specific antithrombotic plan in current clinical practice, aiming to propose references for clinicians.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical effects of stereotactic-guided endoscopic hematoma removal combined with early systematic rehabilitation training on hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in the basal ganglia.Methods:A total of 130 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in the basal nucleus who received treatment in Zhejiang Veteran Hospital from June 2019 to December 2021 were included in this randomized control study. They were randomly divided into a control group and a study group ( n = 65 per group). The control group received minimally invasive hematoma puncture. The study group received stereotactic-guided neuroendoscopic hematoma removal. After surgery, early systematic rehabilitation training was carried out, and surgical indicators were recorded. The levels of serum inflammatory factors and stress factors were determined. The recurrence, death, and complications as well as prognosis of cerebral hemorrhage were recorded in each group. Results:The operative time in the study group was (85.39 ± 5.24) minutes, which was significantly longer than (64.17 ± 4.31) minutes in the control group ( t = -14.56, P < 0.001). Hematoma clearance rate in the study group was (94.66 ± 5.18) %, which was significantly higher than (76.82 ± 5.39) % in the control group ( t = -17.63, P < 0.001). At 24 hours after surgery, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1, norepinephrine, and hydrocortisone levels in the study group were (68.29 ± 5.36) ng/L, (237.62 ± 13.87) ng/L, (75.39 ± 5.82) μg/L, and (30.96 ± 2.97) μg/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than (74.61 ± 5.62) ng/L, (295.47 ± 14.69) ng/L, (91.62 ± 6.41) μg/L, and (38.25 ± 3.16) μg/L in the control group ( t = 7.95, 18.42, 16.84, 11.75, all P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the 6-month mortality rate between the two groups ( P > 0.05). The recurrence rate of cerebral hemorrhage and the overall incidence of complications in the study group were (1.54% (1/65) and (10.77% (7/65) in the study group, respectively, which were significantly lower than 12.31% (8/65) and 27.69% (18/65) in the control group ( χ2 = 4.30, 5.99, both P < 0.05). The overall excellent and good prognosis rate within 6 months in the study group was 86.15% (56/65), which was significantly higher than 67.69% (44/65) in the control group ( χ2 = 6.24, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Compared with minimally invasive hematoma puncture and drainage surgery, stereotactic-guided neuroendoscopic hematoma removal takes longer time, but it can better effectively increase hematoma removal rate and alleviate stress and inflammatory reactions in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in the basal ganglia. Early systematic rehabilitation training combined with stereotactic guided neuroendoscopic hematoma removal can help reduce the risk of recurrence and complications of cerebral hemorrhage and improve prognosis.
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Objective:To observe the efficacy of 3D printing-assisted hematoma puncture and drainage in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage and to explore the factors affecting postoperative brain dysfunction.Methods:A retrospective Case-control study was conducted to select 168 hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage patients who were treated with 3D printing assisted hematoma puncture and drainage in the People′s Hospital of Yuechi County from January 2020 to September 2022 as the observation group, and 125 hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage patients who were treated with CT guided hematoma puncture and drainage in the People′s Hospital of Yuechi County at the same time as the control group. The clinical efficacy of the two groups of patients was compared. According to the occurrence of postoperative brain dysfunction, the patients in the observation group were divided into normal brain function group ( n=121) and brain dysfunction group ( n=47). The clinical data of age, preoperative cerebral hernia, blood loss, ventilator-assisted ventilation, postoperative Glasgow coma index score (GCS) and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting postoperative brain dysfunction in the observation group, and a line chart model was constructed and its predictive efficiency was evaluated. The measurement data of normal distribution is expressed as mean ± standard deviation ( ± s), and independent sample t-test is used for inter group comparison. Chi-square test was used for comparison between count data groups. Results:The proportion of the drainage tube in the hematoma, hematoma clearance rate at 3 and 7 days after surgery, total effective rate of treatment, and GCS score at 1 week after surgery in the observation group were 88.69%(149/168), 54.17%(91/168), 96.43%(162/168), 92.86%(156/168), and 10.72±3.45, respectively, the control group was 75.20%(94/125), 36.80%(46/125), 81.60%(102/125), 76.80%(96/125), and 9.08±3.22, respectively, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Advanced age ( OR=1.983, 95% CI: 1.169-2.732, P=0.017), preoperative cerebral hernia ( OR=1.532, 95% CI: 1.113-2.139, P=0.029), bleeding volume ≥ 50 mL ( OR=2.538, 95% CI: 1.802-3.347, P=0.003), postoperative GCS score 3-5 ( OR=2.874, 95% CI: 2.265-3.449, P<0.001), postoperative hypoxemia ( OR=2.251, 95% CI: 1.673-2.842, P=0.010) and postoperative chronic hydrocephalus ( OR=1.642, 95% CI: 1.214-2.021, P=0.022) were risk factors for postoperative brain dysfunction, while ventilator-assisted ventilation ( OR=0.656, 95% CI: 0.132-0.828, P=0.038) was protective factors. The internal verification of the line chart model by Bootstrap resampling method shows that the model has high differentiation, accuracy and validity. Conclusion:The application of 3D printing-assisted localization in hematoma puncture and drainage can improve the puncture condition and the hematoma clearance rate and clinical effect of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Advanced age, preoperative cerebral hernia and bleeding volume are related to postoperative brain dysfunction. Clinical attention should be paid to patients with risk indicators of postoperative brain dysfunction.
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Objective:To study the past 10 years' experiences of neonatal hydrocephalus in a single-center.Methods:From January 2010 to December 2019, clinical data of infants with hydrocephalus admitted to Neonatology Department of our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The infants were assigned into different groups according to gestational age, different etiologies and treatments. Their clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared.Results:A total of 223 infants with hydrocephalus were included. 136 (61.0%) infants were in the preterm group and 87 (39.0%) in the full-term group. The incidence of post-intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) hydrocephalus in preterm infants was significantly higher than full-term infants ( P<0.001). According to the etiologies, 58 infants (26.0%) had congenital hydrocephalus (congenital group), 82 cases (36.8%) developed post-ICH hydrocephalus (ICH group), 48 cases (21.5%) had post-CNS-infection hydrocephalus (infection group) and 35 cases (15.7%) had post-ICH+CNS-infection hydrocephalus (ICH+infection group). The incidences of perinatal asphyxia, neonatal resuscitation and endotracheal intubation within 3 d after birth in the ICH group were significantly higher than the other groups ( P<0.05). Among the four groups, the infection group had the highest incidence of neonatal sepsis, the congenital group had the highest incidence of patent ductus arteriosus and the ICH group had the highest incidence of respiratory diseases (all P<0.05).137 cases (61.4%) received non-surgical therapy, 48 cases (21.5%) had temporary drainage, 37 cases (16.6%) with permanent shunt and 1 case (0.4%) intracranial hematoma removal. The congenital group and ICH group with permanent shunt showed significantly higher rate of improvement than temporary drainage group and non-surgical group ( P<0.001). Conclusions:The main etiologies of neonatal hydrocephalus are ICH and CNS infection. The incidence of post-ICH hydrocephalus in premature infants was quite high. Hydrocephalus of different etiologies have different comorbidities. Maternal and infant care during pregnancy and delivery, prevention of neonatal sepsis and ICH are crucial in the prevention of hydrocephalus. More studies are needed for better treatment.
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Introducción: el ACV constituye un problema de salud y la trombólisis sistémica una estrategia de reperfusión con alto nivel de evidencia para su tratamiento. Los reportes nacionales sobre su utilización son escasos. Objetivos: comunicar y analizar los resultados de esta terapia en el Hospital de Clínicas. Establecer predictores de buena evolución, hemorragia intracraneana y mortalidad. Métodos: estudio observacional analítico de los pacientes trombolizados en el Hospital de Clínicas (2010-2021). Resultados: se realizó trombólisis sistémica a 268 pacientes. La mediana del NIHSS al ingreso fue 12 puntos. Un 42% fueron infartos totales de la circulación anterior. La cardioembolia constituyó la etiopatogenia más frecuente. El 59,3% de los pacientes fueron externalizados con independencia funcional y 55,2% con déficit neurológico mínimo. Las tasas de hemorragia intracraneana sintomática y mortalidad fueron 7,1% y 18,7% respectivamente. El 57% de los pacientes se trataron con tiempo puerta aguja ≤60 minutos. El porcentaje de trombólisis en el total de ACV fue 18,9%. La edad, NIHSS al ingreso e internación en unidad de ACV se comportaron como variables importantes para predecir buena evolución, hemorragia intracraneana y muerte. Discusión y conclusiones: se comunicó la mayor casuística nacional sobre el tema. Los parámetros de efectividad y seguridad del tratamiento fueron comparables a los reportados internacionalmente. Se destacaron los buenos tiempos puerta aguja y tasa trombólisis sobre ACV totales como indicadores satisfactorios de calidad asistencial. La internación en unidad de ACV se comportó como un factor predictor de independencia funcional y protector frente a mortalidad hospitalaria.
Introduction: Strokes are a health problem and systemic thrombolysis constitutes a reperfusion strategy backed up by significant evidence on its positive therapeutic impact. National reports on its use are scarce. Objectives: To report and analyze results obtained with this therapeutic approach at the Clinicas Hospital. To establish predictive factors for a good evolution, intracranial hemorrhage and mortality. Method: Observational, analytical study of thrombolysed patients at Clinicas Hospital (2010-2021). Results: Systemic thrombolysis was performed in 268 patients. Average NIHSS score was 12 points when admitted to hospital.42 % of cases were total anterior circulation infarct (TACI). Cardioembolic ischaemmic stroke was the most frequent etiopahogenesis. 59.3% of patients were discharged with functional independence and 55.2% had minimal neurologic deficit. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and mortality rates were 7.1% and 18.7% respectively. 57% of patients were assisted within ≤60 minutes they showed up at the ER. Thrombolysis percentage in total number of strokes was 18.9%. Age, NIHSS score upon arrival to hospital and admission to the stroke unit were significant variables to predict a good evolution, intracranial hemorrhage and death. Discussion and conclusions: The large number of cases in the country was reported. Effectiveness and safety parameters for this treatment were comparable to those reported internationally. The good door-to-needle time and thrombolysis rate versus total number of strokes stood out as satisfactory indicators of healthcare quality. Admission to the stroke unit behaved as a predictive factor of functional independence and it protected patients from hospital mortality.
Introdução: o AVC é um problema de saúde sendo a trombólise sistêmica uma estratégia de reperfusão com alto nível de evidência para seu tratamento. Os dados nacionais sobre seu uso são escassos. Objetivos: comunicar e analisar os resultados desta terapia no Hospital de Clínicas. Estabelecer preditores de boa evolução, hemorragia intracraniana e mortalidade. Métodos: estudo observacional analítico de pacientes trombolisados no Hospital de Clínicas (2010-2021). Resultados: a trombólise sistêmica foi realizada em 268 pacientes. A mediana do índice NIHSS na admissão foi de 12 pontos. 42% eram infartos totais da circulação anterior. A cardioembolia foi a etiopatogenia mais frequente. 59,3% dos pacientes tiveram alta da unidade com independência funcional e 55,2% com déficit neurológico mínimo. As taxas de hemorragia intracraniana sintomática e mortalidade foram de 7,1% e 18,7%, respectivamente. 57% dos pacientes foram tratados com tempo porta-agulha ≤60 minutos. A porcentagem de trombólise no AVC total foi de 18,9%. Idade, NIHSS na admissão e internação na unidade de AVC se comportaram como variáveis importantes para prever boa evolução, hemorragia intracraniana e óbito. Discussão e conclusões: este trabajo inclui a maior casuística nacional sobre o tema. Os parâmetros de eficácia e segurança do tratamento foram comparáveis aos descritos na bibliografia internacional. Foram destacados como indicadores satisfatórios da qualidade do atendimento os bons tempos porta-agulha e taxa de trombólise em relação ao AVC total. A internação em unidade de AVC comportou-se como preditor de independência funcional e protetor contra a mortalidade hospitalar.
Sujet(s)
Traitement thrombolytique , Accident vasculaire cérébral/thérapie , Infarctus cérébral , Évaluation des Résultats d'Interventions Thérapeutiques , Hémorragies intracrâniennes , Étude d'observationRÉSUMÉ
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the performance of different low-dose CT image reconstruction algorithms for detecting intracerebral hemorrhage.@*METHODS@#Low-dose CT imaging simulation was performed on CT images of intracerebral hemorrhage at 30%, 25% and 20% of normal dose level (defined as 100% dose). Seven algorithms were tested to reconstruct low-dose CT images for noise suppression, including filtered back projection algorithm (FBP), penalized weighted least squares-total variation (PWLS-TV), non-local mean filter (NLM), block matching 3D (BM3D), residual encoding-decoding convolutional neural network (REDCNN), the FBP convolutional neural network (FBPConvNet) and image restoration iterative residual convolutional network (IRLNet). A deep learning-based model (CNN-LSTM) was used to detect intracerebral hemorrhage on normal dose CT images and low-dose CT images reconstructed using the 7 algorithms. The performance of different reconstruction algorithms for detecting intracerebral hemorrhage was evaluated by comparing the results between normal dose CT images and low-dose CT images.@*RESULTS@#At different dose levels, the low-dose CT images reconstructed by FBP had accuracies of detecting intracerebral hemorrhage of 82.21%, 74.61% and 65.55% at 30%, 25% and 20% dose levels, respectively. At the same dose level (30% dose), the images reconstructed by FBP, PWLS-TV, NLM, BM3D, REDCNN, FBPConvNet and IRLNet algorithms had accuracies for detecting intracerebral hemorrhage of 82.21%, 86.80%, 89.37%, 81.43%, 90.05%, 90.72% and 93.51%, respectively. The images reconstructed by IRLNet at 30%, 25% and 20% dose levels had accuracies for detecting intracerebral hemorrhage of 93.51%, 93.51% and 93.06%, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The performance of reconstructed low-dose CT images for detecting intracerebral hemorrhage is significantly affected by both dose and reconstruction algorithms. In clinical practice, choosing appropriate dose level and reconstruction algorithm can greatly reduce the radiation dose and ensure the detection performance of CT imaging for intracerebral hemorrhage.
Sujet(s)
Humains , Algorithmes , Hémorragie cérébrale/imagerie diagnostique , Traitement d'image par ordinateur/méthodes , Méthode des moindres carrés , Tomodensitométrie/méthodesRÉSUMÉ
OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio of a handheld Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) device (Infrascanner 2000®) in detecting intracranial hemorrhage in mild, closed traumatic brain injury patients in the emergency room setting.@*METHODS@#This prospective study evaluated the diagnostic validity of a NIRS device in hemodynamically stable patients with mild, closed traumatic brain injury. The authors included patients aged 15 to 65 years who were consecutively admitted to the Emergency Department of the Philippine General Hospital from June 2017 to September 2017. Patients were scanned by a trained research assistant with the NIRS device in the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital areas of the brain bilaterally. A cranial computed tomography scan was used as a reference standard for comparison.@*RESULTS@#A total of 83 participants with mild, closed traumatic brain injury were included in the final analysis. There were 68 (82%) males, and the mean age was 29.52 years old. Of the 83 participants, 41 had intracranial hemorrhages (23 subdural, 13 epidural, 5 intraprenchymal). The NIRS device exhibited a sensitivity, 85.37% [55-96.19%]; specificity, 92.86% [85.07-100.00%]; PPV, 92.12% [83.53-100.00%]; NPV, 86.67% [76.74-96.60%]; PLR, 11.96 [3.99- 35.82]; and NLR, 0.16 [0.07-0.33].@*CONCLUSION@#The NIRS device can reliably screen for hemorrhages in patients with mild, closed traumatic brain injury using CT scan results as the gold standard. These diagnostic values suggest the potential role of the NIRS device in the early evaluation of patients with traumatic brain injury requiring urgent care.
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Objective:To evaluate the distribution characteristics of postinterventional cerebral hyperdensities (PCHDs) in patients with acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusive stroke after interventional therapy using the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) and to investigate its predictive value for symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH).Methods:Consecutive patients with acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusive stroke underwent endovascular mechanical thrombectomy (EMT) in the Stroke Center of Dongguan People's Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. The clinical, imaging and follow-up data were collected. The immediate PCHDs-ASPECTS after endovascular therapy were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve were used to investigate its predictive value for sICH. Results:A total of 161 patients were enrolled in the study, including 115 males (71.4%). The baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 13.6±5.6; 66 patients (41.0%) developed PCHDs and 35 (21.7%) had sICH. The baseline NIHSS score, the proportion of patients with severe stroke, the number of retrieval attempts and the detection rate of PCHDs in the sICH group were significantly higher than those in the non-sICH group, while diffusion weighted imaging-ASPECTS and PCHDs-ASPECTS were significantly lower than those in the non-sICH group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that PCHDs had a significant independent positive correlation with sICH (odds ratio 6.036, 95% confidence interval 1.45-25.123; P=0.013), and PCHDs-ASPECTS had a significant independent negative correlation with sICH (odds ratio 0.70, 95% confidence interval 0.496-0.992; P=0.045). ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve predicted by PCHDs-ASPECTS was 0.832 ( P<0.05). When its cut-off value was 8 points, the sensitivity and specificity were 74.3% and 83.3% respectively. Conclusions:In patients with acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusive stroke treated with EMT, the immediate postoperative PCHDs is an independent predictor of sICH, and PCHDs-ASPECTS can early predict the risk of sICH after EMT.
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Objective:To investigate the significance of ventricular intracranial pressure monitoring in the treatment of traumatic multiple intracranial hematoma (TMIH).Methods:The clinical data of 14 TMIH patients treated with ventricular intracranial pressure monitoring from January 2016 to August 2021 in Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were followed up 6 months after injury, and the Glasgow outcome score (GOS) was assessed.Results:All the 14 patients successfully completed ventricular intracranial pressure probe placement. Among them, 8 patients recovered well after continuous monitoring of ventricular intracranial pressure and continuous cerebrospinal fluid drainage. Their ventricular intracranial pressure probe was placed for 5 to 10 (7.3 ± 2.2) d, with no intracranial infection occurred; and their GOS was 5 scores 6-month follow-up after injury. Six cases underwent craniotomy for hematoma removal due to the expansion of intracranial hematoma or aggravation of edema, and decompressive craniectomy was performed during the operation; 6-month follow-up after injury, GOS of 5 scores was in 3 cases, 4 scores in 2 cases, 3 scores in 1 case.Conclusions:The condition of TMIH patients is complex and changeable, and ventricular intracranial pressure monitoring can improve the prognosis of TMIH patients.