Expression of PECAM-1 and E-Cadherin in the Umblical Cords of Gestational Diabetic Mothers / Expresión de PECAM-1 y E-cadherina en los Cordones Umbilicales de Madres con Diabetes Gestacional

The purpose of this study is to examine the changes in the umbilical cord in women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus In this study, as a control group human placental tissues from normotensive pregnancies was collected from diabetic women at 28­35 weeks of gestation. Gestational diabetes (n= 20) and normal umbilical cord (n= 20) for a total of 40 units were received.GDM groups compared to the control group was significantly higher values was detected (p<0.01). In GDM group, light microscopy showed erosion of the endothelium and complete rupture of theumbilicalvessels resulting in extravasation of blood within Wharton's jelly. it was observed that the cytoplasmic fragments and cell infiltration of the spill to the subepithelial layer of apoptotic cell PECAM-1 positive reaction showed. E-Cadherin in endothelial side surface of diabetes group showed weak expression in the nucleus and showed positive reaction in smooth muscle.

El objetivo fue examinar los cambios que presenta el cordón umbilical de mujeres con diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG). Se incluyeron en el grupo control muestras de tejidos placentarios humanos de embarazos normotensos y de mujeres diabéticas de entre 28­35 semanas de gestación. Las muestras se divieron en cordones umbilicales con cambios de DMG (n= 20) y cordones umbilicales normales (n= 20), constituyendo un total de 40 muestras. El grupo de DMG, en comparación con el grupo control, presentó valores significativamente más elevados (p<0,01). En el grupo de DMG, la microscopía óptica demostró la erosión del endotelio y la ruptura completa de los vasos umbilicales, resultando en la extravasación de sangre dentro de la gelatina . Se observaron fragmentos citoplasmáticos e infiltración celular de la capa subepitelial de células apoptóticas mostró una reacción positiva a PECAM-1. En el grupo de DMG, la E-cadherina de la superficie lateral endotelial mostró una expresión débil en el núcleo y una reacción positiva en el músculo liso.

The relationship between platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) and Paraquat induced lung injury in rabbits / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To explore the relationships between the expression of PECAM-1 and the degree of ALI in Paraquat induced lung injury model of rabbits. Method Thirty six adult New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: 8 mg/kg (Group A), 16 mg/kg (Group B) and 32 mg/kg ( Group C) according to the dose of Paraquat which were infusion into stomach. After poisoned, the animals were monitored for seven days, and then sacrificed. The upper lobe of lung were removed for HE,Masson staining and immunohistochemisty. The ALl score, fibrosis of lung and expression of PECAM-1 were semiquantitative analyzed. Results Each group has 12 animals suffered from poisoning. The survival time of animals in Group C was (6. 47 ± 0. 99 ) days, shorter than (6. 09 + 1.04) days ( P = 0. 031 ) in Group B and (4. 77 + 2. 04) days ( P = 0. 0 07) in Group A. The ALI score were ( 8. 33 ± 1.03) points in Group A, superior to (9. 83 ± 1.17) points ( P = 0. 047 ) in Group B and ( 11.50 + 1.38) points ( P ＜ 0. 01 ) in group C, Group B vs Group C, P=-0.03o The fibrosis degree of lung was (31.09 +2.05)% in Group A,not severe as (34. 37 ±1.62)% (P=0. 002) in Group B and (36. 54 ±0. 44)% (P ＜0. 01 ) in Group C, Group B vs Group C, P = 0. 026. The Pearson correlation analysis showed the expression of PECAM-1 was negative correlated to ALI score (Coe = -0. 732, P =0. 001 ) and fibrosis degree of lung (Coe = -0. 779, P ＜ 0. 001 ) . Conclusions The expressions of PECAM-1 were significantly decreased in New Zealand after Paraquat poisoned, which were dose dependent, correlated to ALI scored and fibrosis degree of lung, so it may play an important role in the development of lung injured induced by Paraquat.

MAP Kinase (ERK1/2, p38) can be Phosphorylated by Shear Stress Independent of PECAM-1 (CD31) in Vascular Endothelial Cells: PECAM-1 as a Mechanoreceptor

PURPOSE: Mechanical forces, including shear stress (SS), trigger signal transducing events and modulate gene expression in vascular endothelial cells (ECs). However, the primary steps of mechanoreception are still unknown. PECAM-1 (CD31), a member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily of cell adhesion molecules, is localized to the interendothelial cell adhesion site. PECAM-1 tyrosine phosphorylation has been observed following mechanical stimulation, but the role it plays in mechanosensing in ECs is controversial. The aim of this study was to confirm the involvement of PECAM-1 in ECs signaling cascades in response to SS. METHOD: In this study, PECAM-1 knock-out (KO) and wild-type (WT) rat microvascular ECs, and 50 and 100% confluent bovine aortic ECs (BAECs) were exposed to oscillatory SS (14 dyne/cm2) for 0, 5, 10, 30 or 60 minutes. Activation of the PECAM-1 and the mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase were assessed by determining the phosphorylation of PECAM-1, extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38 using immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting. RESULT: The tyrosine-phosphorylation level of PECAM-1 immunoprecipitated from SS-stimulated WT ECs increased. While PECAM-1 was phosphorylated in 100% confluent BAECs, its phosphorylation level in 50% confluent BAECs was not detected by SS. However, ERK1/2 and p38 were also activated by SS in both PECAM-1 KO ECs and 50% confluent BAECs. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that ERK1/2 and p38 were activated by SS in PECAM-1 KO ECs and 50% confluent BAECs despite no PECAM-1 phosphorylation. This suggests that PECAM-1 can not be a major mechanoreceptor for the activation of MAP kinase in ECs; therefore, other more important mechanoreceptors maybe present in ECs to detect SS and trigger intercellular signal transduction.