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1.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; Arq. neuropsiquiatr;80(12): 1246-1253, Dec. 2022. tab, graf
Article de Anglais | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1439417

RÉSUMÉ

Abstract Background Studies were carried out with the objective of evaluating the quality of life (QoL) of patients affected by chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy (CIDP). However, the cognitive issue is still little addressed. Objectives To assess the QoL and cognitive impairment of patients with CIDP and to analyze whether there is a correlation between these parameters. Methods Seven patients with CIDP and seven paired controls were subjected to: mini-mental state examination (MMSE); Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA); digit symbol replacement/symbol copy test (DSST); fatigue severity scale (FSS); Beck depressive inventory-I (BDI-I), and a short-form of health survey (SF-36). Results The mean age of the participants was 50 years (71.4% male). The MMSE and MoCA had no statistical difference between the groups. Patients showed superior results in the memory domain in the MoCA (5 vs. 2, p = 0.013). In the DSST, we observed a tendency for patients to be slower. There was a strong negative correlation between fatigue levels and vitality domain (SF-36). There was no significant correlation between depression levels and QoL, and there was no correlation between depression and the results obtained in the cognitive tests. The patients presented higher levels of depression (15.28 vs. 3.42, p < 0.001). A total of 57% had severe fatigue, 28.8% self-reported pain, and 57.1% complained of cramps. Conclusion There was no cognitive impairment in these patients. However, there was a tendency of slower processing speed. To better evaluate the alterations found, a study with a larger number of individuals would be necessary. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy affects the QoL of patients in different ways.


Resumo Antecedentes Estudos foram realizados com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade de vida (QV) de pacientes acometidos pela polirradiculopatia desmielinizante inflamatória crônica (PDIC). No entanto, a questão cognitiva ainda é pouco abordada. Objetivos Avaliar a QV e o comprometimento cognitivo em pacientes com PDIC bem como se existe correlação entre esses parâmetros. Métodos Sete pacientes com PDIC e sete controles pareados foram submetidos a: miniexame do estado mental (MEEM); avaliação cognitiva de Montreal (MoCA); teste de substituição de símbolo de dígito/cópia de símbolo (DSST); escala de gravidade da fadiga (FSS);Beck depressive inventory-I (BDI-I) e um short-form of health survey (SF-36). Resultados A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 50 anos (71,4% do sexo masculino). O MMSE e o MoCA não apresentaram diferença estatística entre os grupos. Os pacientes apresentaram resultados superiores no domínio memória do MoCA (5 vs. 2, p = 0,013). No DSST, observamos uma tendência de os pacientes serem mais lentos. Houve forte correlação negativa entre os níveis de fadiga e o domínio vitalidade (SF-36). Não houve correlação significativa entre níveis de depressão e QV. Não houve correlação entre depressão e os resultados obtidos nos testes cognitivos. Níveis elevados de depressão foram observados nos pacientes (15,28 vs. 3,42, p < 0,001). Um total de 57% apresentou fadiga intensa, 28,8% dor autorreferida, e 57,1% queixam-se de câimbras. Conclusão Não há comprometimento cognitivo nos pacientes estudados. Observamos somente uma tendência de lentificação na velocidade de processamento. Para melhor avaliar as alterações encontradas, será necessário estudo com um número maior de indivíduos. A PDIC afeta de diferentes formas o nível de QV de seus portadores.

2.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; Arq. neuropsiquiatr;80(10): 1036-1044, Oct. 2022. tab, graf
Article de Anglais | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420231

RÉSUMÉ

Abstract Background There is a lack of evidence of cognitive involvement in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and, the reports about the involvement of the brain and central nervous system (CNS) are few and controversial. The Five Digit Test (FDT) evaluates processing speed (PS) and executive functions orally. Objective To evaluate the performance on the FDT of CIDP patients with and without CNS (brain/cerebellum) alterations observed on brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans. Methods The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS, to assess neuropsychiatry symptoms), the Rasch-built Overall Disability Scale (R-ODS; to assess disability), and the FDT (to assess cognition) were applied to 14 CIDP patients and 24 age-matched healthy control subjects. The patients were submitted to routine brain MRI and, according to the results, they were divided into two groups: those with abnormalities on the MRI (CIDPabnl) and those with normal parameters on the MRI (CIDPnl). The FDT data of five CIDPnl patients and nine CIDPabnl subjects were analyzed. Comparisons between the groups were performed for each task of the FDT. Results We found statistical differences for both groups of CIDP patients in terms of PS, for the patients spent more time performing the PS tasks than the controls. The PS measures were negatively associated with disability scores (reading: r = −0.47; p = 0.003; counting: r = −0.53; p = 0.001). Conclusions Our data suggested the presence of PS impairment in CIDP patients. Disability was associated with slow PS.


Resumo Antecedentes Faltam evidências de envolvimento cognitivo na polineuropatia inflamatória desmielinizante crônica (PIDC), e há poucos e controversos estudos que tratam do envolvimento cerebral e do sistema nervoso central (SNC). O Teste dos Cinco Dígitos (Five Digit Test, FDT, em inglês) avalia a velocidade de processamento (VP) e as funções executivas oralmente. Objetivo Avaliar o desempenho no FDT de pacientes com PIDC com e sem alterações no SNC (cérebro/cerebelo) de acordo com o exame de imagem cerebral por ressonância magnética (RM). Métodos Ao todo, 14 pacientes e 24 controles saudáveis pareados por idade responderam a Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão (que avalia sintomas neuropsiquiátricos), a Escala de Incapacidade Geral elaborada pelo método Rasch (que avalia a incapacidade) e o FDT (que avalia a cognição). Os pacientes foram submetidos a RM cerebral e, de acordo com os resultados, divididos em dois grupos: aqueles com anormalidades (PIDCabnl) e aqueles sem alterações (PIDCnl) na RM. Cinco pacientes PIDCnl e nove PIDCabnl tiveram os dados analisados. Comparações entre os grupos foram realizadas para cada parte do FDT. Resultados Os dois grupos de pacientes foram estatisticamente mais lentos nas tarefas de VP comparados ao grupo controle. As medidas de VP foram negativamente associadas às pontuações de incapacidade (leitura: r = −0,47; p = 0,003; contagem: r = −0,53; p = 0,001). Conclusões Os dados indicaram a presença de prejuízo na VP em pacientes com PIDC. A incapacidade foi associada à lentidão na VP.

3.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; Biomédica (Bogotá);42(supl.2): 78-99, oct. 2022.
Article de Espagnol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1403615

RÉSUMÉ

La neuroinmunología es una disciplina que cada vez amplía más sus horizontes en la comprensión de las enfermedades neurológicas. Contemporáneamente, y a la luz de los nexos fisiopatológicos de las enfermedades neurológicas y la inmunología, se han planteado enfoques diagnósticos y terapéuticos específicos. A pesar de los importantes avances de esta disciplina, existen múltiples dilemas que le conciernen y se filtran en la práctica clínica. En esta revisión, se presentan y discuten 15 controversias, las cuales se construyen con la información clínica disponible más actualizada. Los temas incluidos son: disminución de esteroides en recaídas de esclerosis múltiple; recomendaciones terapéuticas en esclerosis múltiple a la luz de la pandemia por el SARS-CoV-2; evidencia de vacunación en esclerosis múltiple y en otras enfermedades desmielinizantes; panorama actual del síndrome clínico y radiológico aislado; y fallas terapéuticas en esclerosis múltiple; además, criterios para suspender las terapias modificadoras de la enfermedad; evidencia del manejo en recaídas leves; recomendaciones para la profilaxis contra Strongyloides stercolaris; utilidad de un segundo ciclo de inmunoglobulina en el síndrome de Guillain-Barré; criterios para diferenciar una polineuropatía crónica desmielinizante inflamatoria de inicio agudo de un síndrome de Guillain-Barré y, utilidad de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina en neurosarcoidosis. En cada una de las controversias, se presenta la problemática general y se ofrecen recomendaciones específicas que pueden adoptarse en la práctica clínica diaria.


Neuroimmunology is a discipline that increasingly broadens its horizons in the understanding of neurological diseases. At the same time, and in front of the pathophysiological links of neurological diseases and immunology, specific diagnostic and therapeutic approaches have been proposed. Despite the important advances in this discipline, there are multiple dilemmas that concern and filter into clinical practice. This article presents 15 controversies and a discussion about them, which are built with the most up-to-date evidence available. The topics included in this review are: steroid decline in relapses of multiple sclerosis; therapeutic recommendations in MS in light of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic; evidence of vaccination in multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases; overview current situation of isolated clinical and radiological syndrome; therapeutic failure in multiple sclerosis, as well as criteria for suspension of disease-modifying therapies; evidence of the management of mild relapses in multiple sclerosis; recommendations for prophylaxis against Strongyloides stercolaris; usefulness of a second course of immunoglobulin in the Guillain-Barré syndrome; criteria to differentiate an acute-onset inflammatory demyelinating chronic polyneuropathy versus Guillain-Barré syndrome; and, the utility of angiotensin-converting enzyme in neurosarcoidosis. In each of the controversies, the general problem is presented, and specific recommendations are offered that can be adopted in daily clinical practice.


Sujet(s)
Vaccins , Coronavirus , Sclérose en plaques , Sarcoïdose , Syndrome de Guillain-Barré , Polyradiculonévrite inflammatoire démyélinisante chronique , Natalizumab
4.
Rev. MED ; 29(1): 57-76, ene.-jun. 2021. tab, graf
Article de Espagnol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1365426

RÉSUMÉ

Resumen: acorde a las fuentes epidemiológicas de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, en la última década, entre las principales causas de mortalidad más del 55 % resultaban de enfermedades no transmisibles, predominando la isquemia cardiaca y el accidente cerebrovascular como causales. En el 2019, con la aparición del nuevo coronavirus, COVID-19, como etiología de la pandemia que ha impactado tanto en salud como económica y socialmente al mundo, las cifras de la curva de las causas usuales de mortalidad han cambiado no solo a causa del efecto directo de la enfermedad en los múltiples órganos, sino también por los efectos indirectos en relación con falta de acceso a atención médica en enfermedades crónicas. Dado que es una enfermedad transmisible, el COVID-19 produce alteraciones, principalmente respiratorias y vasculares, sin embargo, el mayor conocimiento de los aspectos fisiopatológicos de la enfermedad ha revelado el compromiso de múltiples sistemas, destacando el sistema nervioso central como un objetivo del virus que impacta en las secuelas y los desenlaces de los pacientes, de modo que se documentan manifestaciones neurológicas hasta en un 55 %. El objetivo de esta revisión es caracterizar una serie de casos de pacientes en el Hospital Militar Central, mediante la descripción de aspectos fisiopatológicos y clínicos del compromiso neurológico.


Summary: according to the epidemiological sources of the World Health Organization, In the last decade, among the leading causes of mortality, more than 55 % resulted from non-communicable diseases, predominating cardiac ischemia, and stroke as the leading causes. In 2019, with the appearance of the new coronavirus, COVID-19, as an etiology of the pandemic that has Impacted health, economy, and society, the familiar figures of the mortality curve have changed, not only because of the direct effect of the disease on multiple organs, but also because of the Indirect effects, concerning lack of access to medical care in chronic diseases. Since it is a communicable disease, COVID-19 produces alterations, mainly respiratory and vascular; however, the greater knowledge of the pathophysiological aspects of the disease has revealed the involvement of multiple systems, highlighting the central nervous system as a target of the virus that impacts on the sequelae and outcomes of patients, so neurological manifestations are documented up to 55 %. The objective of this review Is to characterize a series of cases of patients in Hospital Militar Central, by the description of pathophysiological and clinical aspects of the neurological compromise.


Resumo: de acordo com fontes epidemiológicas da Organização Mundial da Saúde, na última década, entre as principais causas de mortalidade, mais de 55 % resultavam de doenças não transmissíveis, com predominância da Isquemia cardíaca e do acídente cerebrovascular como causais. Em 2019, com o surgimento no novo coronavirus (COVID-19), como etiologia da pandemia que vem Impactando tanto em saúde quanto económica e socialmente o mundo inteiro, as cifras da curva das causas usuais de mortalidade vêm mudando não somente devido ao efeito direto da doença nos múltiplos órgãos, mas também aos efeitos indiretos com relação à falta de acesso à atenção médica em doenças crónicas. Tendo em vista que é uma doença transmissível, a COVID-19 produz alterações principalmente respiratórias e vasculares, contudo o maior conhecimento dos aspectos fisiopatológicos da doença revela o comprometimento de vários sistemas, destacando o nervoso central como um objetivo do vírus, que Impacta nas sequelas e nos desenlaces dos pacientes, de modo que são registradas manifestações neurológicas de até 55 %. O objetivo desta revisão é caracterizar uma série de casos de pacientes no Hospital Militar Central, mediante a descrição de aspectos flsiopatológicos e clínicos do comprometimento neurológico.

5.
Rev. neuro-psiquiatr. (Impr.) ; 84(1): 58-63, ene-mar 2021. tab
Article de Espagnol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1251977

RÉSUMÉ

RESUMEN La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), provocada por el virus SARS-CoV-2, se manifiesta principalmente a nivel respiratorio. Sin embargo, puede afectar otros órganos y sistemas, entre ellos el sistema nervioso, generando diversas manifestaciones neurológicas en las que se incluye el síndrome de Guillain Barré (SGB). Presentamos dos casos de pacientes varones de 35 y 46 años con SGB, uno clasificado como neuropatía axonal motora aguda (AMAN) y el otro como polineuropatia inflamatoria desmielinizante aguda (AIDP), quienes mostraron serología positiva para SARS-CoV-2 y sintomatología respiratoria previa al cuadro de debilidad. En ambos casos, la reacción en cadena de polimerasa en tiempo real (RT-PCR) en secreción faríngea y liquido cefalorraquideo fue negativa. El diagnóstico de infección por SARS-CoV-2 fue confirmado por prueba de anticuerpos totales en suero, mediante inmunoensayo CLIA (Chemiluminescent Immunoassay), positiva para IgG en ambos casos. Las características de los casos presentados sustentan una posible relación posinfecciosa entre el SARS-CoV-2 y el SGB y abren, además, la posibilidad de que, a pesar de que los pacientes sean asintomáticos o presenten síntomas respiratorios leves, podrían desarrollar complicaciones posinfecciosas tales como SGB.


SUMMARY Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, shows mainly clinical manifestations at the respiratory level. It can affect, however, other organs and systems, including the central nervous system, generating neurological manifestations that include the Guillain Barré Syndrome (GBS). We present the cases of two male patients, aged 35 and 46, with GBS, one classified as AMAN and the other as AIDP. Both patients showed positive serology for SARS-CoV-2 and reported respiratory symptoms prior to the weakness condition. RT-PCR in pharyngeal secretion and CSF was negative in both cases. The infection by SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed by the total antibody test in serum through a positive CLIA immunoassay, positive for IgG in the two cases. The characteristics of the cases support a possible postinfectious relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and GBS, and open as well the possibility that despite being asymptomatic or having mild respiratory symptoms, some patients may develop post- infectious complications such as GBS.

6.
Rev. chil. anest ; 49(4): 560-563, 2020.
Article de Anglais | LILACS | ID: biblio-1511833

RÉSUMÉ

Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy associated with hypoglycemia 2 to insulinoma is unusual, and to our knowledge, very few patients have been reported in literature. Despite varying presentations in these patients, the clinical characteristics are usually the same. The syndrome usually occurs after several episodes of protracted hypoglycemia. The neuropathy is nearly always symmetrical. We report anesthetic management for a young female patient presenting with CIDP & repeated hypoglycemic episodes during a 2-year period scheduled for insulinoma enucleation.


La polineuropatía desmielinizante inflamatoria crónica asociada con hipoglicemia secundaria a insulinoma es inusual y, hasta donde sabemos, muy pocos pacientes han sido reportados en la literatura. A pesar de las diferentes presentaciones en estos pacientes, las características clínicas suelen ser las mismas. El síndrome generalmente ocurre después de varios episodios de hipoglicemia prolongada. La neuropatía es casi siempre simétrica. Presentamos el manejo anestésico para una paciente joven que se presenta con polineuropatía desmielinizante inflamatoria crónica y episodios repetidos de hipoglicemia durante un período de 2 años programado para la enucleación de insulinoma.


Sujet(s)
Humains , Femelle , Adulte , Tumeurs du pancréas/chirurgie , Polyradiculonévrite inflammatoire démyélinisante chronique/complications , Insulinome/chirurgie , Anesthésiques/administration et posologie , Hypoglycémie
7.
Bol. méd. postgrado ; 35(1): 25-30, Ene-Jun. 2019.
Article de Espagnol | LIVECS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1120640

RÉSUMÉ

El Síndrome de Guillain Barré (SGB) se caracteriza por la manifestación de manera aguda o subaguda de un conjunto de signos y síntomas que demuestran la afectación del sistema nervioso periférico, expresada en parálisis fláccida y arreflexia, que eventualmente pueden complicarse amenazando la vida y/o posteriormente cronificarse si no se instauran tratamientos específicos de manera oportuna. Las causas más importantes del SGB se atribuyen a agentes infecciosos los cuales desencadenan un mecanismo de respuesta autoinmune que afectan tanto la mielina como el axón. La presente investigación caracterizó el SGB en los pacientes ingresados en el Servicio Desconcentrado Hospital Pediátrico Dr. Agustín Zubillaga entre los años 2010 y 2016(AU)


Guillain Barré Syndrome (GBS) is characterized by acute or subacute manifestation of peripheral nervous system alterations such as flaccid paralysis and arreflexia, which can eventually be life-threatening and/or become chronic if specific treatments are not established in a timely manner. The main causes of GBS are attributed to infectious agents which trigger an autoimmune response that affect both the myelin and the axon. GBS is the most frequent cause of flaccid paralysis in the pediatric population. The present investigation characterized the GBS in patients admitted to the Servicio Desconcentrado Hospital Pediátrico Dr. Agustín Zubillaga in the period 2010 to 2016(AU)


Sujet(s)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Enfant , Adolescent , Maladies démyélinisantes , Système nerveux périphérique , Syndrome de Guillain-Barré/physiopathologie , Mycoplasma pneumoniae , Pédiatrie , Enterovirus , Cytomegalovirus , Virus Zika
8.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 31(2): 258-261, abr.-jun. 2019. tab
Article de Portugais | LILACS | ID: biblio-1013769

RÉSUMÉ

RESUMO A segurança e a eficácia do rituximabe em pacientes com comprometimento renal não foram estabelecidas, e o mesmo ocorre com os efeitos da hemodiálise nos níveis séricos de rituximabe. Atualmente, apenas alguns relatos de caso avaliaram o nível sérico de rituximabe antes e após a diálise. Não foram até aqui publicados dados relativos ao uso de rituximabe em pacientes sob terapia de substituição renal contínua. Os autores apresentam um caso referente a uma mulher com 59 anos de idade atendida com quadro de tetraparesia paraneoplásica. Ela foi admitida no serviço de medicina intensiva devido a hemorragia alveolar com insuficiência respiratória e lesão renal aguda, que necessitou da utilização de terapia de substituição renal contínua. Após os procedimentos diagnósticos, estabeleceu-se o diagnóstico de linfoma linfoplasmocítico. Deu-se início ao tratamento com rituximabe e ciclofosfamida. Os níveis de rituximabe foram determinados no soro e no dialisato. Não se encontrou qualquer nível de rituximabe no dialisato. A paciente faleceu após 2 meses no serviço de medicina intensiva por pneumonia nosocomial causada por Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistente a múltiplos fármacos.


ABSTRACT Rituximab safety and efficacy in patients with renal impairment have not been established, nor have the effects of hemodialysis on serum rituximab level. There are only a few published case reports assessing serum rituximab level pre- and postdialysis. No data have been published regarding the usage of rituximab in patients with continuous renal replacement therapy. The authors present a case of a 59-year-old female patient who presented with paraneoplastic tetraparesis. She was admitted to the intensive care unit due to alveolar hemorrhage with respiratory failure and acute kidney injury requiring continuous renal replacement therapy. After a diagnostic workup, the diagnosis of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma was established. Therapy with rituximab and cyclophosphamide was started. Rituximab levels were determined in serum and dialysate. No rituximab was found in the dialysate. The patient died after 2 months in the intensive care unit from nosocomial pneumonia due to multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


Sujet(s)
Humains , Femelle , Lymphome malin non hodgkinien/traitement médicamenteux , Atteinte rénale aigüe/thérapie , Rituximab/usage thérapeutique , Antinéoplasiques immunologiques/usage thérapeutique , Thérapie de remplacement rénal continue , Lymphome malin non hodgkinien/complications , Issue fatale , Atteinte rénale aigüe/complications , Adulte d'âge moyen
9.
Rev. ecuat. neurol ; Rev. ecuat. neurol;27(2): 83-86, may.-ago. 2018. tab
Article de Espagnol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1004027

RÉSUMÉ

Resumen El síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB), es una polirradiculoneuropatía inflamatoria aguda, de origen autoinmune que suele ir precedido de una infección respiratoria o gastrointestinal. Se caracteriza por ser una parálisis fláccida, simétrica, ascendente, arrefléxica de evolución rápida. Presentamos un caso de un paciente de sexo masculino de 33 años, con antecedente de resfrío común dos semanas antes de su ingreso además deposiciones líquidas que revirtieron espontáneamente; asimismo posee un cuadro clínico de seis días en el cual presenta cuadriparesia que se agrava afectando los músculos de la respiración y terminando en ventilación mecánica. El examen de líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR), reveló disociación albúmino-citológica y el examen de PCR dio positivo para Enterovirus. Se diagnosticó SGB por Enterovirus, por lo que recibió tratamiento con inmunoglobulina endovenosa con una evolución y resultados favorables. La finalidad de este trabajo fue presentar un caso clínico de SGB por un nuevo agente causal.


Abstract Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy of autoimmune etiology that is usually preceded by a respiratory or gastrointestinal infection. It is characterized by a flaccid, symmetric, ascendent, arreflexic paralysis of rapid evolution. We describe a case of a 33 years old male patient, with a history of flu two weeks before admission, in addition to liquid stools that reverted spontaneously; his clinical picture consisted of a six days history of cuadriparesis aggravated by respiratory weakness, ending in mechanical ventilation. Examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) revealed albumino-cytological disociation and PCR test resulted positive for Enterovirus. The patient received treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin with a favorable outcome. The purpose of this paper is to report a clinical case of GBS due to a new causal agent.

10.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; Arq. neuropsiquiatr;76(2): 113-116, Feb. 2018. graf
Article de Anglais | LILACS | ID: biblio-888351

RÉSUMÉ

ABSTRACT The year 2016 was the centennial anniversary of the recognition of the Guillain-Barré syndrome, which was first described by George Guillain, Jean-Alexandre Barré and André Strohl. In celebration of the centennial, this historical review describes aspects of the contributions of Guillain and the Spanish neurologist, Barraquer-Bordas and a brief account of the Fourth International Neurological Congress, which brought together Guillain and Barraquer-Bordas. There were many outstanding Brazilian physicians at that meeting. Finally, the author describes his interaction with Barraquer-Bordas and provides an account of his influence in shaping a generation of Brazilian neurologists, including himself.


RESUMO O ano de 2016 foi o aniversário do centenário do reconhecimento da síndrome de Guillain-Barré (GBS), que foi descrita pela primeira vez por George Guillain, Jean-Alexandre Barré e André Strohl. Em comemoração ao centenário, esta revisão histórica descreve aspectos das contribuições de Guillain e Barraquer-Bordas e uma breve descrição do IV Congresso Neurológico Internacional, que reuniu Guillain e o neurologista espanhol Barraquer-Bordas. Naquela reunião houve participação também de excelentes médicos brasileiros. Finalmente, o autor descreve sua interação com Barraquer-Bordas e fornece uma descrição de sua influência na formação de uma geração de neurologistas brasileiros, incluindo ele próprio.


Sujet(s)
Humains , Histoire du 20ème siècle , Syndrome de Guillain-Barré/histoire , Neurologues/histoire , Neurologie/histoire , Paris , Espagne , Brésil , Congrès comme sujet/histoire , Syndrome de Guillain-Barré/virologie , Éponymes , Infection par le virus Zika/complications
11.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 70(6): 1754-1758, nov.-dez. 2018. graf
Article de Portugais | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-970331

RÉSUMÉ

Diversos fármacos são utilizados no tratamento da epilepsia e, assim como outros medicamentos, podem induzir a ocorrência de efeitos adversos, alguns tão graves que geram a necessidade de descontinuidade e substituição da terapia. A carbamazepina pode levar a alterações nos sistemas cardiovascular, respiratório e neurológico, sendo descritos na literatura casos de indução de miastenia gravis como distúrbio neuromuscular. Este estudo relata o caso de um cão que desenvolveu polirradiculoneuropatia desmielinizante, tendo como provável desencadeante a terapia com carbamazepina. O paciente apresentou tetraplegia, ausência de reflexos espinhais nos quatro membros, fraqueza cervical, diminuição do reflexo palpebral bilateral e esforço respiratório. A eletroneuromiografia demonstrou sinais de desmielinização. Este, portanto, é o primeiro relato de associação entre carbamazepina e polirradiculoneuropatia desmielinizante em cão.(AU)


Different drugs are used in the treatment of epilepsy and, like other drugs, may induce the occurrence of adverse effects, some of them so severe that the drug must be discontinued and replaced. Carbamazepine may lead to changes in the cardiovascular, respiratory, and neurological systems, and cases of induction of myasthenia gravis as a neuromuscular disorder have been described in the literature. This paper reports the case of a dog that developed demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, probably triggered by carbamazepine. The patient presented tetraplegia, absence of spinal reflexes in the four limbs, cervical weakness, decreased bilateral eyelid reflex and respiratory effort. Electroneuromyography showed signs of demyelination. This, therefore, is the first report of association between carbamazepine and demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy in dogs.(AU)


Sujet(s)
Animaux , Chiens , Polyradiculoneuropathie/médecine vétérinaire , Carbamazépine/administration et posologie , Chiens/malformations
12.
Rev. neuro-psiquiatr. (Impr.) ; 80(1): 22-26, ene. 2017. graf, tab
Article de Espagnol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-991451

RÉSUMÉ

Objetivos: Describir las características clínicas y paraclínicas de pacientes con síndrome de Guillain-Barré en el Hospital Regional Lambayeque entre los años 2011 y 2015. Material y métodos: Se revisaron las historias clínicas de pacientes con síndrome de Guillain-Barré atendidos en el Hospital Regional Lambayeque en la ciudad de Chiclayo-Perú, Resultados: Encontramos 16 pacientes con Síndrome de Guillain-Barré, 56% varones y 44% mujeres; la enfermedad se presentó mayormente en adultos de 20 a 60 años (44%). La mayor proporción de casos se dio durante las estaciones de invierno y primavera. El subtipo axonal fue el más común (62,5%). En cinco de seis pacientes en los que se practicó punción lumbar para efectuar tests de líquido cefalo-raquídeo se encontró disociación albuminocitológica. Cinco de los pacientes requirieron ventilación mecánica y tres de ellos fallecieron. Conclusiones: Este primer reporte del Síndrome de Guillain-Barré realizado en un hospital del norte del Perú, demuestra diferencias en las características clínicas y paraclínicas de nuestros pacientes.


Objectives: To describe clinical and paraclinical characteristics of patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) admitted to the Regional Hospital of Lambayeque from 2011 to 2015. Material and methods: The charts of patients with GBS treated in the Regional Hospital of Lambayeque (Chiclayo, Peru) were reviewed. Results: We found 16 patients with GBS, 56% male and 44% female; the disease was mainly observed in adults between 20-60 years (44%). The major proportion of cases was seen in the winter and spring seasons. The axonal form was the most common subtype (62.5%). In five of six patients in whom lumbar puncture was performed to test cerebro-spinal fluid, albumin-cytological dissociation was found. Five patients required artificial ventilation and three died. Conclusions: This is the first study of patients with GBS in a hospital in Northern Peru, demonstrating specific characteristics in the patient population hereby studied.

13.
Coluna/Columna ; 15(3): 244-247, July-Sept. 2016. tab, graf
Article de Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-795011

RÉSUMÉ

ABSTRACT Peripheral neuropathies are diseases of the lower motor neurons of the spinal cord and brainstem it can often mimic symptoms associated with the injuries of compressive radiculopathy. They are manifested by tingling, coldness, numbness, burning, pain, hypersensitivity, weakness, atrophy, postural hypotension, impotence, anhidrosis, and urinary incontinence. Therefore, it is important in the diagnostic strategy to keep in mind this type of pathology, especially when it comes to patients already in the 6th decade of life.


RESUMO As neuropatias periféricas são doenças dos neurônios motores inferiores da medula espinal e do tronco encefálico, cujos sintomas podem mimetizar, muitas vezes, lesões associadas à radiculopatia de origem compressiva. Manifestam-se por formigamento, frigidez, dormência, queimação, dor, hipersensibilidade, fraqueza, atrofias, hipotensão postural, impotência, anidrose e incontinência urinária. Portanto, é importante na estratégia de diagnóstico ter em mente esse tipo de patologia, principalmente quando se trata de doentes já na sexta década de vida.


RESUMEN Las neuropatías periféricas son trastornos de las neuronas motoras inferiores de la médula y del tallo encefálico, cuya sintomatología puede semejar muchas veces lesiones asociadas a una radiculopatía de origen compresiva. Se manifiestan por sensación de hormigueo, frialdad, adormecimiento, quemadura, dolor, hipersensibilidad, debilidad, atrofias, hipotensión arterial postural, impotencia, anhidrosis e incontinencia de esfínteres. Por lo tanto, es importante en la estrategia diagnóstica tener presente este tipo de patologías principalmente cuando se trata de pacientes que pasan la 6ª década de la vida.


Sujet(s)
Humains , Femelle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Maladies de la moelle épinière , Polyneuropathies , Polyradiculopathie , Syndrome de Guillain-Barré
14.
Rev. AMRIGS ; 59(3): 227-229, jul.-set. 2015.
Article de Portugais | LILACS | ID: biblio-835411

RÉSUMÉ

A Síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB) é uma polineuropatia autolimitada, na maioria das vezes de mecanismo autoimune pós-infeccioso. Este caso tem por objetivo relatar uma variante rara do espectro da SGB. O método utilizado foi o acompanhamento clínico do paciente e revisão de prontuário. Conclui-se que conhecimento acerca da FCB e alto grau de suspeição são importantes para o diagnóstico diferencial de pacientes que apresentam sintomas bulbares e fraqueza de membros superiores, principalmente pela gama de diagnósticos diferenciais que os sintomas podem sugerir.


Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a self-limited polyneuropathy, most often by a post-infectious autoimmune mechanism. This case aims at reporting a rare variant of the GBS spectrum. The method used was clinical monitoring of the patient and medical record review. It was concluded that knowledge of the pharyngeal-cervical-brachial variant and high degree of suspicion are important for the differential diagnosis of patients with bulbar symptoms and weakness of the upper limbs, particularly because of the range of differential diagnoses the symptoms may suggest.


Sujet(s)
Humains , Polyradiculoneuropathie , Syndrome de Guillain-Barré
15.
Arch. pediatr. Urug ; 86(3): 176-186, set. 2015. tab
Article de Espagnol | LILACS | ID: lil-763416

RÉSUMÉ

Introducción: el diagnóstico y el tratamiento temprano del síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB) es importante para reducir la morbimortalidad de la enfermedad, por lo cual es capital conocer las manifestaciones clínicas iniciales y el rendimiento de las pruebas diagnósticas. Objetivos: describir las características de los pacientes menores de 15 años hospitalizados por SGB en el Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell entre el 1 de enero de 2000 al 31 de diciembre de 2011. Método: estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, en base a revisión de historias clínicas. Resultados: se incluyeron 82 pacientes, 52 eran de sexo masculino. La mediana de edad fue de 6 años. 59 pacientes requirieron internación en unidad de cuidados intensivos. El síntoma más frecuente fue la paresia de miembros inferiores (80 pacientes), seguido del dolor en miembros inferiores (64 pacientes). El 29% de nuestra serie se presentó clínicamente como variantes atípicas de SGB. La mitad de los pacientes presentó un Hughes 4 en el nadir de la enfermedad. A 77 pacientes se les realizó estudio del líquido cefalorraquídeo, reiterándose en 17 pacientes, mostrando disociación albúmino citológica en 19/53 (36%) de los estudios realizados en los primeros 7 días de evolución, y en 39/41 (95%) de los estudios realizados luego de los 7 días. Conclusiones: se destacan las diversas manifestaciones clínicas del SGB y la baja sensibilidad del estudio del líquido cefalorraquídeo en la primera semana de evolución.


Introduction: early diagnosis and treatment of Guillain-Barré is important to reduce morbimortality of the condition and thus, it is essential to learn about initial clinical presentations and the yield of diagnostic tests. Objectives: to describe the characteristics of patients under 15 years of age who were hospitalized due to Guillain-Barré syndrome at the Pereira Rossell Hospital Center from January 1, 2000 through December 31, 2011. Method: descriptive, retrospective study based on a review of the clinical records. Results: eighty two patients were included, 52 of them were male. Fifty nine patients required to be admitted to the intensive care unit. The most frequent symptom was paresia of the lower limbs (80 patients), followed by pain in the lower limbs (64 patients). Twenty nine percent of our series evidenced clinical presentations that were not typical of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Half of the patients presented disease severity at nadir grade 4 by Hughes. Seventy seven patients underwent a study of the spinal fluid, and this was repeated in 17 patients, what showed albuminocytologic dissociation in 19 out of 53 (36%) of the tests performed in the first seven days of evolution, and in 39 out of 41 (95%) of the tests performed after seven days. Conclusions: we point out the diverse clinical presentations of the Guillain-Barré syndrome and the low sensitivity of the spinal fluid in the first week of evolution.


Sujet(s)
Humains , Mâle , Syndrome de Guillain-Barré/diagnostic , Uruguay , Dossiers médicaux , Syndrome de Guillain-Barré/thérapie , Diagnostic différentiel , Électrophysiologie , Histocytochimie
16.
Medisan ; 18(5): 613-620, mayo 2014.
Article de Espagnol | LILACS | ID: lil-709172

RÉSUMÉ

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y prospectivo de 25 pacientes con síndrome de Guillain-Barré, atendidos en el Hospital Infantil Docente Sur de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero de 2006 hasta diciembre de 2012, con vistas a identificar sus características clinicoepidemiológicas y determinar la utilidad del tratamiento empleado. Predominaron los niños menores de 5 años (40,0 %), el sexo masculino y la infección respiratoria alta previa (ambas con 60,0 %), así como la debilidad muscular y arreflexia osteotendinosa (76,0 % en cada caso). La polirradiculoneuropatía desmielinizante inflamatoria aguda fue la variante clínica más frecuente (72,0 %). Tanto el tratamiento con inmunoglobulina humana intravenosa como la rehabilitación resultaron beneficiosos y la mortalidad baja (4,0 %).


A descriptive and prospective study of 25 patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome, assisted in the Teaching Southern Children Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from January, 2006 to December, 2012, with the aim of identifying their clinical and epidemiological characteristics and to determine the usefulness of the treatment applied. Children younger than 5 years (40.0%), male sex and previous upper respiratory infection (both with 60.0%), as well as the muscular weakness and osteotendinous areflexia (76.0% in each case) prevailed. The inflammatory and acute desmyelinating polyrradiculoneuropathy was the most frequent clinical variant (72.0%). Either the treatment with intravenous human immunoglobulin as rehabilitation were beneficial and the mortality was low (4.0%).

17.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; Arq. neuropsiquiatr;72(3): 179-183, 03/2014. tab
Article de Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-704066

RÉSUMÉ

Whereas an evaluation of quality of life and possible impacts on the mental state of a patient may help to evaluate the evolution of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), the aim of this study was to study the psychological profile of patients, and evaluate quality of life associated with the disease. Method 41 patients were evaluated using a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and a Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Results The mean age of the patients was 50.6 years, 63.4% men. Of the participants, 65.9% had other health problems, 39% reported needing help with activities of daily living, 49% slept less than 8 hours per night, and 34.1% complained of some memory deficit. The average MMSE score was 26. Impairment of functional capacity and pain were the more important altered health states. Conclusion CIDP has important social and economic impacts, owing to functional impairments that can lead to professional and personal limitations. .


A avaliação da qualidade de vida (QV) e dos possíveis impactos dos déficits funcionais sobre o estado mental de pacientes com polirradiculoneuropatia inflamatória desmielinizante crônica (PIDC) pode contribuir para a melhor compreensão de aspectos evolutivos da doença. A presente investigação teve como objetivo estudar as atividades da vida diária depacientes com PIDC e avaliar a sua QV. Método Foram avaliados 41 pacientes através do Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) e do inventário de saúde SF-36®. Resultados A média de idade dos participantes foi 50,6 anos, 63,4% homens. Problemas adicionais de saúde foram referidos por 65,9%: 39% relataram necessitar de ajuda para atividades de vida diária, 49% dormiam menos de 8 horas por noite e 34,1% referiam alguma dificuldade de memória. A média do MEEM foi 26. Através do SF-36 foi verificado maior prejuízo na capacidade funcional; a referência a dor foi proeminente. Conclusão A PIDC pode ter importante impacto social e econômico em decorrência dos prejuízos funcionais primários e secundários que podem levar ao afastamento do trabalho. .


Sujet(s)
Adulte , Sujet âgé , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Polyradiculonévrite inflammatoire démyélinisante chronique/psychologie , Qualité de vie/psychologie , Activités de la vie quotidienne , Études transversales , État de santé , Santé mentale , Troubles de la mémoire/physiopathologie , Tests neuropsychologiques , Mesure de la douleur , Polyradiculonévrite inflammatoire démyélinisante chronique/physiopathologie , Facteurs socioéconomiques , Enquêtes et questionnaires
18.
Rev. méd. hondur ; 81(2/4): 83-88, abr.- dic. 2013. tab, graf
Article de Espagnol | LILACS | ID: lil-750037

RÉSUMÉ

Antecedentes: El Síndrome Guillain-Barré conjunto de trastornos de tipo polirradículoneuropatía, cursa con parálisis flácida aguda ascendente más arreflexia. El 40% de niños pierde la marcha durante la enfermedad y 15% requiere ventilación mecánica. La mayoría logra recuperación total o parcial en semanas o meses. Objetivo: Describir la evolución electrofisiológica y de discapacidad en pacientes <15 años con SGB atendidos en Hospital General San Felipe (HGSF) e Instituto Hondureño de Seguridad Social (IHSS),Tegucigalpa, periodo Junio 2012-Septiembre 2013. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo longitudinal de la neuroconducción y el grado de discapacidad inicial según CIF (Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento, Discapacidad y Salud, OMS), en dos evaluaciones. Se realizó seguimiento hasta aproximadamente 8 meses. Pacientes captados en sala de rehabilitación pediátrica de HGSF e IHSS y casos documentados en el Programa Ampliado de Inmunizaciones, Secretaría de Salud. Se utilizó ficha de recolección de datos. Se obtuvo consentimiento y asentimiento informado escrito. Resultados: Se evaluaron 12 casos, 75% (9) captado en HGSF y 25% (3) en Programa Ampliado de Inmunizaciones. El seguimiento se realizó 58% (7) en HGSF y 42% (5) en IHSS. El tiempo promedio entre evaluaciones fue 34 semanas (17-43 semanas). La recuperación de discapacidad no guardó relación con la evolución electrofisiológica en tiempo o grado de afectación nerviosa inicial y fue completa en 58% (7) de casos. Solo 33% (4) de casos demostró completa recuperación nerviosa. Discusión: El seguimiento de este grupo de casos con síndrome Guillain-Barré evidenció buen pronóstico funcional que no parece estar estrictamente ligado al daño nervioso...


Sujet(s)
Humains , Mâle , Adolescent , Femelle , Conduction nerveuse/effets des radiations , Enfants handicapés , Syndrome de Guillain-Barré/diagnostic , Paralysie , Ventilation artificielle/méthodes
19.
Rev. ANACEM (Impresa) ; 7(3): 142-144, dic.2013. tab
Article de Espagnol | LILACS | ID: lil-779302

RÉSUMÉ

La Polirradiculoneuropatía Desmielinizante Inflamatoria Crónica (PDIC) es un desorden adquirido de los nervios periféricos y las raíces nerviosas, que se desarrolla de forma continua durante ocho semanas o más. La forma clásica se caracteriza por compromiso simétrico sensitivo y motor, la debilidad está presente tanto en musculatura proximal como distal y es característico en el estudio electrofisiológico la desmielinización junto a disociación albúmino-citológica en Líquido Cefalorraquídeo (LCR). PRESENTACION DEL CASO. Mujer de 34 años con antecedente de depresión en tratamiento, inicia hace un año aproximadamente debilidad muscular de las cuatro extremidades, ascendente y progresiva, llegando a la incapacidad de la marcha. Ingresó al servicio de urgencia del hospital de Puerto Montt, con paraparesia predominante en extremidades inferiores, hipoestesia y ausencia de reflejos osteotendinosos. Estudio electrofisiológico evidencia severa polineuropatía sensitivamotora desmielinizante con degeneración axonal secundaria.LCR con proteinorraquia de 100 mg/dl y sin celularidad. Inició tratamiento con corticoides y luego plasmaféresis, evolucionando con mejoría significativa de la funcionalidad y marcha independiente. DISCUSIÓN. Las principales modalidades terapéuticas de PDIC son la inmunoglobulina intravenosa, glucocorticoides y plasmaféresis. Todos estos parecen ser igualmente efectivos de forma separada. La elección está influenciada por las preferencias del paciente, efectos adversos, costo, duración y disponibilidad. El uso de inmunoglobulina intravenosa es a veces limitado; los corticoides son económicos, pero con efectos adversos frecuentes y relevantes; y la plasmaféresis es cara, invasiva y solamente disponible en centros especializados. La mayoría de los pacientes, responden inicialmente, pero las recaídas son frecuentes...


INTRODUCTION. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy(CIDP) is an acquired disorder of peripheral nerves and nerve roots that run continuously for 8 weeks or more. The classic form is characterized by symmetric sensory and motor involvement, weakness is present in both proximal and distal muscles and is characteristic in the electrophysiological study demyelination with albumin-cytological dissociation in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). PRESENTATION OF THE CASE.34-year-old woman with a history of depression in treatment, started about a year ago muscle weakness of all limbs, ascending and progressive, leading to the inability of the march. Was admitted with paraparesis, predominantly in lower extremities, hypoesthesia and absence of tendon reflexes. Electrophysiological study evidence severe demyelinating motor sensory polyneuropathy with secondary axonal degeneration. CSF protein concentration of 100 mg / dL and no cellularity. Starts treatment with corticosteroids and plasmapheresis, evolving with significant improvement in functionality and independent walking. DISCUSSION. The main therapeutic modalities in CIDP are intravenous immunoglobulin, corticosteroids and plasmapheresis. All these seem to be equally effective separately. The choice is influenced by patient preference, adverse effects, cost, duration and availability. The use of intravenous immunoglobulinis sometimes limited; corticosteroids are inexpensive, but with frequent and significant side effects; and plasmapheresis is expensive, invasive and only available at specialized centers. Most patients respond initially but relapses are frequent...


Sujet(s)
Humains , Adulte , Femelle , Anti-inflammatoires , Méthylprednisolone/usage thérapeutique , Plasmaphérèse , Polyradiculonévrite inflammatoire démyélinisante chronique
20.
Rev. ANACEM (Impresa) ; 5(1): 38-40, oct. 2011. tab
Article de Espagnol | LILACS | ID: lil-613294

RÉSUMÉ

Introducción: El Síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB) es una enfermedad autoinmune caracterizada por debilidad muscular, arreflexia y disociación albúmino-citológica en líquido cerebroespinal, cuya incidencia clásica a nivel internacional suele uniformarse alrededor de 0,6 a 4 casos por 100.000 al año. Presentación del caso: Paciente de 45 años, sexo femenino, quien ingresó al Servicio de Urgencia del Hospital de Temuco derivada desde Lonquimay, por debilidad progresiva de las cuatro extremidades. En Lonquimay la paciente requirió sonda vesical por retención urinaria. Es diagnosticada con SGB, hospitalizándose en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, requiriendo ventilación asistida y tratada mediante plasmaféresis, presentando neumonía como complicación relacionada a la ventilación mecánica y recuperando íntegramente función vesical. Discusión: El compromiso vesical no es descrito como un factor importante en el diagnóstico, siendo controversial aquella afirmación por varios autores.


Introduction: Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by muscle weakness, areflexia and albumin-cytological dissociation in cerebrospinal fluid, the incidence has been reported to be relatively uniform between 0.6 to 4 cases per 100.000 per year. Case report: Patient of 45 years old, female, admitted to the emergency department of Hospital de Temuco derived from Lonquimay by progressive weakness of four extremities. In Lonquimay the patient required bladder catheterization for urinary retention. It was diagnosed with GBS, hospitalized in intensive care unit, requiring assisted ventilation and treated with plasmapheresis, developing pneumonia as a complication related to mechanical ventilation and fully recovered bladder function. Discussion: The bladder involvement is not described as an important factor in diagnosis and remains controversial this statement by several authors.


Sujet(s)
Humains , Femelle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Syndrome de Guillain-Barré/diagnostic , Syndrome de Guillain-Barré/thérapie , Vessie urinaire/physiopathologie , Plasmaphérèse , Polyradiculoneuropathie , Rétention d'urine/étiologie , Rétention d'urine/thérapie , Syndrome de Guillain-Barré/complications
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