The Shift and Way Out for Health Science Popularization Lectures in the New Media Era / 中国医学伦理学

Currently, the public’s concern for health has unprecedentedly increased, while some institutions find it difficult to carry out health lectures. Overall, health lectures play an important role, but they face some practical challenges at the operational level, involving lecture objectives, public demands, communication methods, dissemination channels, and foothold methods. In the era of new media, health science popularization lectures are still an effective means of persuasion today, but traditional lecture methods need to be endowed with new connotations, and made shifts and adjustments. Health science popularization lectures should make the following shifts. First, the lecture objectives should turn to "extensive use", stepping out of the limitations of popular science knowledge, and promoting the public to proactively seek health knowledge and information. Second, the lecture content should turn to the integration of physical and mental, designing courses from the perspective of physical and mental, enhancing communication among people, and promoting trust between individuals. Third, the lecture effect should turn to enjoyment, breaking the prejudice against the lecture effect and taking the enjoyment and interest stimulation as the important goal of health science popularization. Fourth, the speaker should turn to "professionalization", establishing a team of professional health lecturers. At the operational level, it is necessary to strictly control the entry and exit of health lecturers to create a lecture brand, segment the audience to organize homogeneous audiences, tell good stories and enhance emotional narration, plan holistically and achieve full-media three-dimensional communication, and scientifically evaluate and emphasize long-term effects.

One hundred questions and answers about children′s sleep health in China / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Good sleep is essential for children′s physical and mental health, growth, and development.Adequate and high-quality sleep positively impacts children′s quality of life, memory, learning, attention, mood, and behavior.Children of different ages have different sleep needs.Children have various sleep problems in different cultures.Therefore, it is significant to guide children to get healthy sleep by popularizing the sleep problems of Chinese children of all ages and in all dimensions.Based on China′s social and cultural background, this paper summarizes the contents related to children′s sleep physiology, good sleep habits, common sleep problems, sleep apnea disorders, hypnagogic sleep, narcolepsy, insomnia, and other issues that interfere with children′s sleep.Chinese sleep experts summarize and interpret the 100 sleep health problems of children that medical workers and parents are most concerned about.To promote children′s sleep health and popularize solutions to sleep problems.

Características y consideraciones para la elaboración del póster académico en la Educación Superior / Characteristics and considerations for presenting an academic poster in Higher Medical Education

Introducción: Las presentaciones de pósteres son un evento común de muchos entornos académicos y profesionales modernos. El póster académico resulta un medio eficaz para visualizar y transmitir un conocimiento. Sin embargo, realizar esta transmisión de forma efectiva requiere de consideraciones que involucran el diseño del póster y las competencias comunicativas del expositor. Objetivo: Caracterizar las principales consideraciones para la elaboración y presentación de un póster académico. Métodos: Se exploraron fuentes de información en las bases de datos Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus y SciELO desde 2010 hasta 2020. Se utilizaron los términos clave en español: Comunicación y Divulgación Científica, Carteles como Asunto, Cartel, Exposición y Póster Académico. El rastreo ubicó 31 fuentes de información: 8 páginas institucionales, 1 libro y 22 artículos científicos. Conclusiones: La elaboración del póster académico requiere conocimientos relacionados con metodología de la investigación, redacción científica, diseño gráfico, publicidad, análisis de datos, comunicación verbal/no verbal, etcétera. El texto, las palabras y las visualizaciones se yuxtaponen como un todo en la función comunicativa. Esto implica el dominio de habilidades comunicativas que deben ser aprendidas por los autores si desean transmitir eficientemente un conocimiento a los espectadores(AU)

Introduction: Poster presentations are a common event in many modern academic and professional settings. An academic poster is an effective means for visualizing and conveying knowledge. However, to do this effectively requires considerations involving the poster design and the communication skills of the presenter. Objective: To characterize the main considerations for the elaboration and presentation of an academic poster. Methods: Information sources from 2010 to 2020 were explored in the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and SciELO databases. The following key terms in Spanish were used: comunicación y divulgación científica [communication and popular science], carteles como asunto [posters as a topic], cartel [poster], exposición [presentation] and póster académico [academic poster]. Through random searching, 31 information sources, eight institutional pages, one book and 22 scientific articles were found. Conclusions: The elaboration of an academic poster requires knowledge related to research methodology, scientific writing, graphic design, advertising, data analysis, verbal/nonverbal communication, and so on. Text, words and visualizations are juxtaposed as a whole within the communicative function. This implies the mastery of communicative skills that must be learned by authors if they wish to convey knowledge to viewers efficiently(AU)

Investigation and research on We-Media platforms opened and operated by surgeons in tertiary first-class hospitals / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the status of We-Media platforms opened and opera-ted by surgeons in tertiary first-class hospitals nationwide and analyze its influence on patients and surgeons.Methods:The retrospective cross-sectional investigation study was conducted. The investigation was conducted on the surgeons who had opened We-Media platforms in their units or associations through the contact of all members of the second Elite Committee of Chinese Digestive Surgery of the Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery from November 5 to 30, 2021. Questionnaires were distributed through wechat, and the software platform was Questionnaire Star. Observation indicators: (1) results of questionnaire survey; (2) basic information of surgeons running We-Media platforms; (3) daily workload and research background of surgeons running We-Media platforms; (4) information related to We-Media platforms; (5) influence of running We-Media platforms on patients; (6) influence of running We-Media platforms on surgeons; (7) feelings and suggestion of surgeons after running We-Media platforms. Measurement data with normal distribution were expressed as Mean± SD, and count data were expressed as absolute numbers and percentages. Results:(1) Results of questionnaire survey: a total of 229 complete and valid questionnaires were collected in this survey. (2) Basic information of surgeons running We-Media platforms: of 229 surgeons, there were 195 males and 34 females, aged (40±8)years. There were 120 surgeons aged from 36-45 years, 80 surgeons aged <35 years and 29 surgeons aged >45 years. There were 86.46% (198/229) of surgeons from teaching hospitals and 74.67%(171/229) of surgeons from provincial cities. Of 229 surgeons, junior, intermediate, deputy senior and senior titles accounted for 17.90%(41/229), 27.51%(63/229), 37.12%(85/229) and 17.47%(40/229), respectively. Surgeons with working years ≤5 years, 6-10 years, 11-15 years and ≥16 years accounted for 19.21%(44/229), 22.27%(51/229), 26.64%(61/229) and 31.88%(73/229), respectively. Hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgeons, esophageal and gastrointestinal surgeons were the main specialties, accounting for 48.03%(110/229) and 14.41%(33/229), respectively. The original intentions of opening We-Media platforms (multiple choice) included increasing patient population and improving the income, accumulating cases to facilitate clinical research projects, increasing the popularity of the industry and gain peer recognition, increasing social awareness and improving spiritual satisfaction, passive assignments form units or hospitals, which accounted for 52.84% (121/229), 54.15%(124/229), 64.19%(147/229), 58.08%(133/229), 17.90%(41/229), respectively. (3) Daily workload and research background of surgeons running We-Media platforms: 60.26%(138/229) of surgeons participated in offline social welfare activities 1-3 times per year and 26.64%(61/229) of surgeons participated >3 times per year. There were 47.60% (109/229) of surgeons performing 5-10 operations per week and 33.19%(76/229) of surgeons performing >10 operations per week. In terms of scientific researches, 38.43%(88/229) of surgeons had not published high-quality English articles as the first author or co-first author, 24.89%(57/229) of surgeons had published 1-3 articles and 36.68%(84/229) of surgeons had published >3 articles. There were 51.09%(117/229) of surgeons without any longitu-dinal projects, 13.54%(31/229) of surgeons with national projects, 35.37%(81/229) of surgeons with provincial and ministerial projects. (4) Information related to We-Media platforms: there were 65.50%(150/229) of surgeons running wechat public account, 55.02%(126/229) of surgeons running consultation platform, 31.44%(72/229) of surgeons running TikTok, 21.40%(49/229) of surgeons running wechat video account (some surgeons operated multiple We-Media platforms). The time of operating the platform was <1 year in 35.81%(82/229) of surgeons, 1-3 years in 42.79%(98/229) of surgeons, >3 years in 21.40%(49/229) of surgeons, respectively. The contents of We-Media platforms were updated >2 weeks in 45.85%(105/229) of surgeons. There were 63.32%(145/229) of surgeons with We-Media platforms win-ning emotional support from their department or hospital, 12.66%(29/229) of surgeons with We-Media platforms winning financial support. There were 82.53%(189/229) of surgeons operating We-Media platforms by theirselves. The We-Media plat-form operation was smooth in 47.16%(108/229) of surgeons, unsustainable in 50.22%(115/229) of surgeons and suspended in 2.62%(6/229) of surgeons. On average, it took less than 30 minutes for 60.70%(139/229) of surgeons and 30-60 minutes for 27.07%(62/229) of surgeons to operate the We-Media platforms of surgeons every times, respec-tively. The background message or consulta-tion was allowed in 89.08%(204/229) of surgeons. The number of leaving messages was <5 times in 52.84%(121/229) of surgeons and >50 times in 6.99%(16/229) of surgeons. On average, each content in 59.39%(136/229) of surgeons were "liked" or "viewed" <100 times, and each content in 29.26%(67/229) of surgeons were "liked" or "viewed" 100-300 times. There were 60.26%(138/229) of surgeons having content with the highest "liked" or "viewed" clicks <1 000 times and 6.99%(16/229) of surgeons having content with the highest "liked" or "viewed" clicks >10 million times. On average, each content in 74.67%(171/229) of surgeons were "forwarded" <100 times, and each content in 6.55%(15/229) of surgeons were "forwarded" >300 times, respectively. The number of followers was <1 million in 87.34%(200/229) of surgeons. The We-Media audiences (multiple choices) included related professional peers, related health care professionals, patients of surgeons, general public, accounting for 42.36%(97/229), 31.00%(71/229), 52.40%(120/229), 53.71%(123/229), respectively. (5) Influence of running We-Media platforms on patients: 34.93%(80/229) of surgeons believed that the operation of We-Media platform significantly increased the number of outpatient and inpatient patients of themselves, 29.69%(68/229) of surgeons believed that the operation of We-Media platform significantly increased the number of outpatient and inpatient patients in their departments, respectively. In the view of 75.98%(174/229) of surgeons, the percent of outpatient and inpatient patients by We-Media platforms was <10%. After 6 months of We-Media operation, 39.74%(91/229) and 25.33%(58/229) of surgeons believed that inpatient and outpatient compliance was significantly improved, respectively, and 46.29% (106/229) of surgeons believed that preopera-tive and pre-chemotherapy or pre-radiotherapy conversations saved more time. (6) Influence of running We-Media platforms on surgeons: 20.09%(46/229) and 6.55%(15/229) of surgeons attributed the success to "long-term, sustainable, absorbed operation" and "important contents of We-Media platforms and wide audiences". There were 72.49%(166/229) of surgeons yet to be successful. There were 26.64% (61/229) and 22.27%(51/229) of surgeons believing that opening We-Media platforms was conducive to the association's employment and multicenter clinical research. Operating We-Media platforms was conducive to professional knowledge improvement, clinical research ability enhancement and teaching level of students, which was believed by 54.59%(125/229), 40.17%(92/229) and 48.91%(112/229) of surgeons, respectively. Although the total income in 88.65%(203/229) of surgeons increased less than 20% after 6 months of operation, 47.60%(109/229) of surgeons believed that "the sense of achievement or pleasure in work has been significantly improved", and 48.91%(112/229) of surgeons did not have the idea of quitting. There were 7.42%(17/229) of surgeons with the idea of quitting the operation of We-Media platforms. (7) Feelings and suggestions of surgeons after running We-Media platforms: the proportion of surgeons who hoped to get help from departments, hospitals, associations and the society were 61.57%(141/229), 72.05%(165/229), 47.16%(108/229) and 53.28%(122/229), respectively. Only 9.61%(22/229) of surgeons did not require help. Commercial advertisement was allowed by 40.17%(92/229) of surgeons and forbidden by 59.83%(137/229) of surgeons. In terms of alternative suggestion, 70.74%(162/229) of surgeons believed that it was necessary for the We-Media platforms to involve more doctors of different specialties, but 40.61%(93/229) of surgeons believed that relevant departments or associations should strengthen supervision under the current situation. In addition, 32.75%(75/229) of surgeons believed that the operation of We-Media platform requires more investment. The were 27.95%(64/229) of surgeons giving specific suggestions on running We-Media platforms, 7.81%(5/64) of which did not suggest a blind try.Conclusions:Most surgeons who open and operate We-Media platforms in China are faced with problems such as busy work, limited time and energy, low-income increase, and lack of professional promotion and maintenance teams and external support. Even so, there are still many surgeons who have achieved success through long-term persistence and high-quality content output, thus increasing the number of patient visits, improving their own ability and industry influence, and bringing a greater sense of professional achievement.

Twenty key issues on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 vaccination in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is still worldwide.As a vulnerable group, severe and dead pediatric cases are also reported.Under this severe epidemic situation, children should be well protected.With the widespread vaccination of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in adults, the infection rate have decreased.Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 vaccine inoculation for children groups step by step is of great significance to the protection of children and the prevention and control of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) as a whole.But the safety of children vaccinated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is a main concern of parents.Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of vaccination and the implementation of vaccination work, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children′s Health and the Society of Pediatrics, Chinese Medical Association organized experts to interpret the main issue of parents about SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for children, in order to answer the doubts of parents.

Development and Application of Pharmacy Relevant Popular-science Video Courseware in Our Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for the development and application of pharmacy popular-science video courseware. METHODS ：Combined with the problems existing in the medication of patients with chronic diseases at the present stage and the key points of medication management ，the theme ，content and form of this popular-science were determined ；the video shooting and production were completed ，and publicity and promotion were carried out. Questionnaire survey was conducted ， and the reception of pharmacy outpatient service in our hospital was counted ；the broadcasting effects of popular-science video were analyzed. RESULTS ：The theme of popular-science video courseware was determined to be self-medication management of patients with chronic diseases at home assisted by pharmacists. Combined with the “five moments ”of medication safety proposed by WHO ， the content included six units as knowing pharmacists ，understanding drugs ，taking drugs ，adding drugs ，checking drugs ，and discontinuing drugs. PPT video was used to explain the contents of each unit ，with an average duration of about 25 min. After the first unit was launched ，a total of 39 327 hits were received within two months. A total of 100 questionnaires were sent out ，97 questionnaires were collected （recovery rate of 97.0％）. Among them ，80（82.5％）thought it helpful to watch the video. Within two months after the broadcast of unit 1 video，the reception volume of pharmacy outpatient department of our hospital （1 160 person times ）increased by 104.2％ compared with the two months in the same period last year （568 person times ），and increased by 18.7％ compared with the two months before the broadcast （977 person times ）；99 patients came to the pharmacy outpatient department to consult because of watching the video ，and 55.6％ of the registered patients consulted the demonstration of video courseware and repeatedly mentioned related problems. CONCLUSIONS ：It is a beneficial exploration for pharmacists to develop popular-science video courseware with the theme of safe and rational drug use. It is the direction for future work to increase the scope of disease types ，target different groups of people or focus on different types of drugs and promot them in various forms.

La temprana recepción de los rayos X en Buenos Aires, 1896-1897: medicina, esoterismo y fantasías plebeyas / Early attitudes to X-rays in Buenos Aires, 1896-1897: medicine, esotericism and popular fantasies

Resumen El objetivo de este artículo es documentar la recepción temprana de los rayos X en la cultura científica de la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Haciendo uso de fuentes periódicas de diversa índole, el texto explora las diferentes reacciones despertadas por la novedad en distintos actores del mundo letrado. Los periódicos y semanarios generales difundieron rápidamente el hallazgo y se encargaron de subrayar su naturaleza maravillosa o prodigiosa. Por su parte, los médicos de la ciudad asumieron posiciones contrastantes que iban desde el recelo hasta el entusiasmo. Por último, los espiritistas de la ciudad escribieron numerosos textos sobre la innovación, y la reinterpretaron en función de sus estrategias de auto-legitimación.

Abstract The goal of this article is to document early attitudes to X-rays in scientific culture in the city of Buenos Aires. Using various types of periodical sources, the text explores the different reactions to the novelty among different actors in the literary world. Newspapers and weekly magazines for the general public quickly broadcast the discovery, stressing its marvelous or prodigious nature. Meanwhile, physicians in the city took contrasting positions, ranging from mistrust to enthusiasm. Lastly, spiritualists in the city wrote numerous texts about the innovation, and reinterpreted it in accordance with their strategies for self-legitimation.

Analysis on Innovative Points of Propaganda Works on Health Science Popularization / 现代医院

Objective To provide scientific, popular, interesting and effective health education by exploring various ways. Methods The competition of health education creation works was carried out. The innovative points of three prize-winning works were analyzed. Results There are 48 contestant works from medical staff. Among the innovative points were scientific positioning, easy to understand, the combination of reality and virtuality, and the combination of popularization of science and specialty. Conclusion The passiveness of health education was changed by exploring various ways, which served as a very good model for the innovation of popular science works.

Public health-oriented popular science information service in medical library / 中华医学图书情报杂志

It is the responsibility of the society to improve the health literacy of residents and the public health-o-riented popular science information service is a rather effective measure to improve the health literacy of residents. However , the public health literary is rather low and the public health-oriented popular science information service is far behind satisfaction. The ways and key factors were thus put forward for public health-oriented popular science information service in medical library by analyzing the advantageous medical information resources, advanced tech-nical equipments and professional staff in medical library.

Comunicação científica em blogs: convergências e divergências nas visões do pesquisador e da sociedade / Science communication through blogs: convergences and divergences in the understanding of researcher and society

INTRODUÇÃO: O conhecimento científico é elemento fundamental para melhoria da qualidade de vida. Portanto, deve-se popularizá-lo. Novas tecnologias, como a internet, contribuem para isso. Blogs são meios para socialização desse conhecimento. Entretanto, nem todo conteúdo é correto e comprovável. Analisou-se impacto de informações científicas publicadas em blogs e possíveis convergências e divergências entre cientistas e sociedade. MÉTODOS: a base são textos de blogs sobre "vinho e saúde" e "cafeína e saúde", analisados por pesquisadoras da UFRGS que selecionaram o "melhor" e o "pior" de cada assunto; posteriormente, foram submetidos a 102 estudantes de graduação em Comunicação Social e Medicina da UFRGS junto a questionário sem referência à avaliação prévia. RESULTADOS: Todos entrevistados leem ou leram blogs. Destes, 97 acreditam que ingerir vinho moderadamente faz bem à saúde das pessoas; 62 acreditam que ingerir cafeína moderadamente faz bem. Já 90 acreditam que ingerir vinho e/ou cafeína moderadamente faz bem e 97 disseram que o conteúdo dos textos apresentados pode influenciar comportamento dos leitores. Acerca do texto 1, sobre vinho e saúde (considerado o melhor pela professora), 97 aprovaram. Sobre o texto 2 (o pior), 62 aprovaram. O texto 1 de cafeína e saúde (melhor), 99 aprovaram e o 2 (pior), 87 aprovaram. CONCLUSÃO: Evidenciou-se situação preocupante, pois a maioria é leitora frequente de blogs e considera que textos têm capacidade de influenciar no comportamento: existe discordância da maioria dos estudantes em relação à avaliação das pesquisadoras. Entende-se que percentual significativo da sociedade pode ser influenciado equivocadamente ao ler determinados conteúdos em blogs

INTRODUCTION: Scientific knowledge is crucial for improving the quality of life. Therefore, it should be popularized. New technologies, such as the Internet, contribute to this. Blogs are a means of socialization of knowledge. However, not all content is correct and verifiable. Here we analyzed the impact of scientific information published in blogs as well as possible agreements and disagreements between scientists and society. METHODS: The starting point were texts in blogs about "wine and health" and "caffeine and health," analyzed by UFRGS researchers who selected the "best" and "worst" texts in each subject and subsequently submitted those texts to 102 undergraduate students in Social Communication and Medicine of UFRGS with a questionnaire, without reference to prior assessment. RESULTS: All respondents regularly read or read blogs in the past. Of these, 97 believe that moderate wine drinking is good for health; 62 believe that moderate consumption of caffeine is good for one's health. Now, 90 believe that drinking wine and/or caffeine moderately is good and 97 said that the contents of the texts presented can influence readers' behavior. 97 students approved text 1 on wine and health (considered the best by the teacher), and 62 approved text 2 (the worst). Text 1 on caffeine and health (the best) was approved by 99 students and Text 2 (the worst) was approved by 87. CONCLUSIONS: A worrying situation was evidenced, since most students read blogs regularly and believe that texts can influence behavior: the majority of students disagreed with the evaluation of the researchers. It is understood that a significant percentage of society can be wrongly influenced by reading certain contents in blogs

The Study of Experimental Course of Oral Preventive Medicine for Dental Students / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To reform experimental course teaching methods of oral preventive medicine and elevate students ability of oral promotion and education.Methods:The reformed teaching methods was taken in Chongqing Medical University,The data were collected from 37 undergraduate dental students by the highly structured questionnaires.Then we assessed the effect and feasibility.Results:The innovation of teaching methods of oral preventive medicine obtained satisfactory achievement,the course upgraded the ability of oral health education for undergraduates.Conclusions:It was accorded with the trend of teaching innovation,and it was advantageous to increasing the comprehensive predisposition of undergraduate dental students.