Gestação de Substituição em Portugal: Orientações para a prática clínica

Introdução: A aprovação na Assembleia da República, em dezembro de 2021, da lei aplicável à Gestação de Substituição, suscita a reflexão acerca dos aspetos práticos em que o regime se concretizará e das orientações necessárias para os profissionais de saúde envolvidos. Por esse motivo, foram definidos como objetivos: analisar um conjunto de recomendações para a prática clínica no âmbito da Gestação de Substituição em países com experiência no procedimento e promover uma discussão com peritos na área da Procriação Medicamente Assistida. Material e Métodos: Foi realizada uma análise documental das publicações e documentos oficiais sobre o tema que serviu de base para o estudo de desenho qualitativo baseado em grupos focais com diferentes profissionais -médicos e psicólogos- com experiência em Procriação Medicamente Assistida. A discussão foi concretizada através de sessões via Zoom®, realizadas separadamente com os dois grupos focais. Resultados: Na discussão os peritos fizeram as suas apreciações e propostas de melhoria em relação à versão inicial do documento resultante da análise documental. Conclusão: Obteve-se uma versão consolidada do conjunto de orientações para os profissionais de saúde com as dimensões a avaliar e acompanhar junto da gestante e parte beneficiária na Gestação de Substituição.

Introducción : La aprobación por el Parlamento portugués, en diciembre de 2021, de la ley aplicable a la Gestación Subrogada, plantea la reflexión sobre los aspectos prácticos en los que se implementará el esquema y las directrices necesarias para los profesionales de la salud involucrados. Por este motivo, se definieron los siguientes objetivos: analizar un conjunto de recomendaciones para la práctica clínica en el ámbito de la gestación subrogada en países con experiencia en el procedimiento y promover un debate con expertos en el campo de la Reproducción Médicamente Asistida. Material y Métodos : Se realizó un análisis documental de publicaciones y documentos oficiales sobre el tema, que sirvió de base para el estudio de diseño cualitativo basado en focus group con diferentes profesionales -médicos y psicólogos- con experiencia en Reproducción Médicamente Asistida. La discusión se realizó a través de sesiones via Zoom®, celebradas por separado con los dos focus group. Resultados : En la discusión, los expertos realizaron sus apreciaciones y propuestas de mejora respecto a la versión inicial del documento resultante del análisis documental. Conclusión : Se obtuvo una versión consolidada del conjunto de directrices para los profesionales de la salud con las dimensiones para evaluar y dar seguimiento a la madre sustituta y a los beneficiarios en la Gestación Subrogada.

Introduction: The approval by the Portuguese Parliament, in December 2021, of the law applicable to Surrogate Pregnancy, raises reflection on the practical aspects in which the scheme will be implemented and the necessary guidelines for health professionals involved. For this reason, the following objectives were defined: to analyze a set of recommendations for clinical practice in surrogacy in countries with experience in the procedure and to promote a discussion with experts in Medically Assisted Reproduction. Material and Methods: A documental analysis of publications and official documents on the theme was conducted. This served as a basis for the qualitative design study based on focus groups with different professionals -physicians, and psychologists- with experience in Medically Assisted Reproduction. The discussion was realized through sessions via Zoom®, held separately with the two focus groups. Results : In the debate, the experts made their appreciation and proposals for improvement concerning the initial version of the document resulting from the document analysis. Conclusion : A consolidated version of the set of guidelines for health professionals was obtained with the dimensions to evaluate and follow up with the surrogate and beneficiaries in Surrogacy.

The efficacy of different types of psychological interventions on the fear of cancer recurrence: a network Meta-analysis / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effects of different types of psychological interventions on the fear of cancer recurrence through a network Meta-analysis.Methods:Randomized controlled trials on the effects of different types of psychological interventions on the fear of cancer recurrence were retrieved from PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Embase, EBSCO, China Biomedical Literature Database, CNKI, Wanfang Database and Vip Database. The retrieval period was from the establishment of the database to December, 31 2022. Two researchers conducted literature screening, extraction and quality evaluation, and used Stata14.0 software to conduct network Meta-analysis.Results:A total of 29 pieces of research involving 3 068 cancer patients and 11 psychological intervention measures. The results of network Meta-analysis showed that narrative therapy, PERMA(Positive, Engagement, Relationship, Meaning, Accomplishment) happiness theory model, acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavior therapy had statistically significant differences in the intervention effect on the fear of cancer recurrence compared with conventional nursing ( SMD values were -1.93--0.83, all P<0.05); there was no significant difference among narrative therapy, PERMA happiness model, acceptance and commitment therapy and gratitude-expansion behavior theory (all P>0.05). The results of the cumulative probability map showed the best intervention was narrative therapy. Conclusions:The results of this study suggest that narrative therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, and cognitive behavior therapy may be effective psychological intervention measures to improve the fear of cancer recurrence. However, more studies are still needed for further verification.

Effects of the Promoting-Children Intervention with Multiple Informants: An Experimental Study / Efeitos do Promove-Crianças por Múltiplos Informantes: Um Estudo Experimental / Efectos de Promueve-Niños de Múltiples Informantes: Un Estudio Experimental

Abstract Behavior problems are frequent in school-age children; however, few controlled studies have assessed the effects of social skills interventions with this population, especially involving different informants and environments. This study aimed to describe the effects of the Promoting-Children intervention in an experimental group design with children (Experimental Group and Control Group), utilizing various probes and informants, regarding the children's behaviors before and after the intervention, a follow-up evaluation (social skills, behavior problems, academic performance) and assessment of the teachers and parents' positive and negative educational practices. Teachers and parents/guardians responded to standardized instruments to measure educational social skills, negative practices, behavior problems, and social skills with various probes. The results demonstrated a reduction in behavior problems and negative practices, as well as an increase in social skills and educational social skills, in both the school and family environments, after the interventions in the Experimental Group, whereas no such changes were observed in the Control Group. This confirms the positive effects of the efficacy and effectiveness of the Promoting-Children intervention.

Resumo Problemas de comportamento são frequentes em crianças em idade escolar, mas há poucos estudos controlados para aferir efeitos de intervenções em habilidades sociais com essa população, especialmente com diferentes informantes e ambientes. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi descrever efeitos da intervenção Promove-Crianças, em um delineamento experimental de grupo com crianças (Grupos Experimental e Controle), com diferentes sondas e informantes, sobre os comportamentos das crianças antes e após a intervenção, incluindo avaliação de seguimento (habilidades sociais, problemas de comportamento, desempenho acadêmico) e práticas educativas positivas e negativas de seus professores e familiares. Professores e pais/responsáveis responderam a instrumentos padronizados para mensurar habilidades sociais educativas, práticas negativas, problemas de comportamento e habilidades sociais, nas diferentes sondas. Os resultados demonstraram, nos ambientes escolar e familiar, redução de problemas de comportamento e de práticas negativas e aumento das habilidades sociais e habilidades sociais educativas após as intervenções no Grupo Experimental, não ocorrendo no Grupo Controle. Atesta-se efeitos positivos de eficácia e de efetividade do Promove-Crianças.

Resumen Problemas de comportamiento son frecuentes en niños en edad escolar y faltan estudios controlados que certifiquen los efectos de intervenciones en habilidades sociales en esa población, especialmente con diferentes informantes y ambientes. El objetivo de la investigación es describir los efectos de la intervención Promueve-Niños en un grupo experimental de niños (Grupo Experimental y Grupo Control), con diferentes sondas e informantes sobre el comportamiento de los niños antes y después de la intervención (habilidades sociales, problemas de comportamiento, rendimiento académico) y prácticas educativas positivas y negativas de sus profesores y sus familiares. Profesores y padres/tutores respondieron a instrumentos estandarizados para medir habilidades sociales educativas, prácticas negativas, problemas de comportamiento y habilidades sociales con diferentes sondas e informantes. Los resultados muestran que hubo una reducción de problemas de comportamiento y de prácticas negativas en los entornos escolar y familiar, así como un aumento de las habilidades sociales y habilidades sociales educativas después de las intervenciones del Grupo Experimental, no ocurriendo en el Grupo Control. Los efectos positivos de la eficacia y de la efectividad del Promueve-Niños son atestiguados.

Efeitos de uma Intervenção Psicológica no Estresse, Ansiedade, Concentração e Desempenho Físico em Bailarinas / Effects of Psychological Intervention on Stress, Anxiety, Concentration and Physical Performance in Dancers

Bailarinos sofrem pressões por bons desempenhos, tendo em vista que ao nível profissional sua prática é performática e exige resultados. Assim, avaliar e intervir com essa população é necessário. Objetivou-se avaliar os possíveis efeitos de uma intervenção psicológica nos níveis de estresse, ansiedade, concentração e desempenho físico de bailarinas adultas. Participaram do estudo onze bailarinas com idade entre 18 e 23 anos, que competiam nacional e internacionalmente na modalidade Jazz. Foram realizadas 14 sessões com duração média de 50 minutos cada, uma vez por semana. Trabalhou-se com psicoeducação, estabelecimento de metas, controle de estresse, ansiedade, atenção e concentração, entre outros. Por meio de testes específicos (Escala de Percepção de Estresse, Teste de Ansiedade de Competição Esportiva, Teste de Atenção Seletiva e desempenho físico através de banca julgadora), aplicados antes e após a intervenção, percebeu-se melhora da ansiedade e concentração, assim como de aspectos do desempenho físico, como qualidade técnica, tempo musical e performance geral. Ressalta-se a importância do acompanhamento psicológico, desde a avaliação até a intervenção, não apenas para melhorar o desempenho, mas também a saúde e qualidade de vida desta população.

Dancers are pressured by good performances, considering that at a professional level their practice is performative and requires results. Thus, evaluating and intervening with this population is necessary. The aim was to evaluate the possible effects of a psychological intervention on the levels of stress, anxiety, concentration and physical performance of adult dancers. Eleven dancers, aged between 18 and 23 years, who competed nationally and internationally in the Jazz modality, took part in the study. There were 14 weekly sessions with an average duration of 50 minutes each. We worked with psychoeducation, goal setting, stress control, anxiety, attention and concentration, among others. Through the specific tests (Stress Perception Scale, Sports Competition Anxiety Test, Selective Attention Test and physical performance through a judging panel), applied before and after the intervention, an improvement in anxiety and concentration was noticed, through the previously mentioned tests, as well as in aspects of physical performance, such as technical quality, musical time and general performance. The importance of psychological monitoring is emphasized, from evaluation to intervention, not only to improve performance, but also the health and quality of life of this population.

Effectiveness of online psychological intervention for caregivers on the quality of life of people with Alzheimer disease: a randomized clinical trial protocol

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) has a significant impact on the quality of life (QOL) and interventions aimed at their improvement show inconclusive results. Objectives were study protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of a multicomponent caregiver intervention on the QOL of persons with AD. Methods: The design is a randomized clinical trial with blinded assessment of response variables. Ninety-four dyads of informal caregivers and their relatives with AD will be recruited in the Osona and Ripollès territorial service of geriatrics and palliative care of the Consorci Hospitalari de Vic (Osona, Spain) and randomized into experimental (EG) and control group (CG). An 8-week online multicomponent psychological intervention including psychoeducation and mindfulness will be provided to the EG caregivers. The CG will perform the usual care. Outcome will be the QOL of persons with AD assessed with the QOL-AD. Conclusions: The multicomponent online caregiver research detailed in this protocol could be incorporated into health and care facilities for persons with AD and their families to improve caregiving and QOL.

Research progress on psychological problems and interventions among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic / 预防医学

@#The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses negative impacts on psychological health among healthcare workers. If timely diagnosis and interventions are not given, the pandemic not only threatens physical and psychological health among healthcare workers, and greatly reduces the quality and efficiency of medical treatment. Based on review of national and international publications pertaining to psychological problems and interventions among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, this article describes the prevalence of psychological problems among healthcare workers, influencing factors and psychological interventions, so as to provide insights into the protection of psychological health among healthcare workers.

Advances in comprehensive multidisciplinary treatment for burning mouth syndrome / 口腔疾病防治

@#Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic oral and facial pain disorder characterized by burning pain in the oral mucosa, with multiple pathogenic factors including psychosocial, neuropathological, endocrine, and immune factors. There is still a lack of effective treatment options that have been demonstrated to work. With the development of research on the pathogenesis and treatment of BMS, multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment has gradually been introduced and become a new trend of diagnosis and treatment. Before multidisciplinary treatment, it is necessary to go through a full and comprehensive diagnosis and analysis, select the best comprehensive treatment plan, take the diagnosis and treatment of stomatology as the basis and premise, and apply other multidisciplinary combined treatment, including the treatment of concurrent diseases, psychological interventions, correction of bad habits, etc. A combination of laser therapy and psychological intervention is a more effective treatment method among the current treatment methods, with high comfort and good acceptance by patients. If necessary, mecobalamin tablets, clonazepam α-lipoic acid and other drugs can be used to nourish nerves and provide symptomatic treatment. The comprehensive multidisciplinary treatment of BMS is expected to become a new trend and provide a new strategy for improving the therapeutic effect.

Effects of psychological intervention on NIH-CPSI score of CP/CPPS patients in Ngari Prefecture of Tibet / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the psychological status of patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), and to analyze the effects of anxiety on the total National Institute of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) in patients in Ngari Prefecture of Tibet. 【Methods】 CP/CPPS patients treated during Oct.2019 and Oct.2021 were involved and divided into anxiety group and non-anxiety group. The non-anxiety group received routine drug treatment, while the anxiety group received drugs and psychological intervention. 【Results】 A total of 117 patients were involved, including 68 in the anxiety group and 49 in the non-anxiety group. There were no statistical differences between the two groups in terms of age, body mass index (BMI), marital status, smoking history, and education level (P>0.05). The total NIH-CPSI score in the anxiety group (18.53±3.47) was higher than that in non-anxiety group (15.67±3.33), which was mainly manifested by the increase of pain and decrease of quality of life scores. Further stratification of anxiety level revealed that quality of life score and total NIH-CPSI score increased as anxiety symptoms worsened. After drug treatment, pain and urination symptoms were improved in the non-anxiety group, but the quality of life score and total NIH-CPSI score did not change significantly. After psychological intervention, the anxiety group had lower total NIH-CPSI score and other scores. 【Conclusion】 It is not uncommon for CP/CPPS patients to have a comorbidity of anxiety. The increase in the total NIH-CPSI score is caused by the increase of pain score and decrease of quality of life score. Active psychological intervention can improve anxiety, urinary symptoms, pain symptoms and quality of life.

Prevalence of comorbid depression and anxiety and effect of psychological interventions among schistosomiasis patients in China: a meta-analysis / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the prevalence of comorbid depression and anxiety and to evaluate the effect of psychological interventions among schistosomiasis patients in China, so as to provide insights into improvements of psychological health among schistosomiasis patients.@*METHODS@#Publications pertaining to comorbid depression and anxiety and psychological interventions among Chinese schistosomiasis patients were retrieved in electronic databases, including CNKI, Wanfang Data, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. The prevalence of comorbidity, psychological interventions, and scores for the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) before and after psychological interventions among Chinese schistosomiasis patients were extracted. The prevalence of comorbid depression and anxiety was investigated among Chinese schistosomiasis patients using a meta-analysis, and the effect of psychological interventions for depression and anxiety was evaluated.@*RESULTS@#A total of 231 publications were retrieved, and 14 publications that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the final analysis, including 2 English publications and 12 Chinese publications. Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence rates of comorbid depression and anxiety were 61% [95% confidential interval (CI): (48%, 72%)] and 64% [95% CI: (42%, 81%)] among Chinese schistosomiasis patients. Both the SDS [1.45 points, 95% CI: (1.30, 1.60) points] and SAS scores [2.21 points, 95% CI: (2.05, 2.38) points] reduced among Chinese schistosomiasis patients after psychological interventions than before psychological interventions, and the SDS [-0.47 points, 95% CI: (-6.90, -0.25) points] and SAS scores [-1.30 points, 95% CI: (-1.52, -1.09) points] reduced among Chinese schistosomiasis patients in the case group than in the control group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The comorbid anxiety and depression are common among Chinese schistosomiasis patients, and conventional psychological interventions facilitate the improvements of anxiety and depression among schistosomiasis patients.

Psychosocial intervention for improving health in patients with bariatric surgery:a Meta-analysis / 中华护理杂志

Objective To systematically evaluate the intervention effect of social psychological intervention on the health status of patients with bariatric surgery(BS).Methods 8 databases,including PubMed,PsycInfo,and Embase and Clinic Trials,were retrieved to recruit randomized controlled trials with computer from database establishing time to Sep.2022.Independent quality evaluation was conducted by 2 researchers,and Meta-analysis was performed by the RevMan5.3 software.Results Totally 23 RCTs were included.The meta-analysis showed that psychosocial interventions in BS patients improve emotional eating and binge eating behavior[SMD=-0.44,95％CI(-0.78,-0.09),P=0.010;MD=-5.88,95％CI(-8.65,-3.11),P＜0.001],promote better quality of life[SMD=0.30,95％CI(0.02,0.59),P=0.040]and physical mobility,alleviates anxiety and depression[SMD=-0.37,95％CI(-0.67,-0.08),P=0.010;SMD=-0.59,95％CI(-0.84,-0.33),P＜0.001].However,the effect on improving eating disorders[MD=-0.01,95％CI(-0.19,0.18),P=0.950]is not significant,and subgroup analysis results of different intervention measures and follow-up times showed that there was no statistically significant difference in weight changes between the social psychological intervention group and the control group.Conclusion Psychosocial intervention can effectively improve the mental state and eating behavior of the bariatric surgery patients,improve the quality of life and increase physical activity of patients.However,the effect of intervention on eating disorder and weight change is still unclear.More high-quality clinical studies need to be carried out for further verification.

Best evidence summary of psychological intervention for patients receiving assisted reproductive technology / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To summarize the best evidence of psychological intervention for patients receiving assisted reproductive technology (ART).Methods:All evidence on psychological interventions for patients receiving ART was searched in UpToDate, BMJ Best Practice, Joanna Briggs Institute, GIN, NICE, NGC, SIGN, CMA Infobase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, CINHAL, Embase, psycINFO, China Guideline Clearinghouse (CGC), guides in medlive.cn, CNKI, Wanfang Data, SinoMed, and VIP databases. The evidence retrieved included clinical practice, recommendations, guidelines, expert opinions, consensus, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and the search time limit was from the establishment of the database to January 2023. Two researchers conducted evidence extraction, aggregation, and quality evaluation.Results:A total of 797 references were obtained at the initial retrieval, and 27 papers were finally included, including 1 clinical best practice, 2 guidelines, 1 recommended practice, and 23 systematic evaluations. The evidence summary summarized 16 best evidences, including four aspects of psychological assessment, psychological intervention, drug treatment and personnel training for ART patients, of which 50% were class 1 evidences and 87.5% of the evidences were recommended with strength A.Conclusions:Enhanced personnel training in assisted reproduction facilities and early identification of the psychological state of infertile patients by medical staff and targeted psychological intervention or medication are the key to improving the psychological status of ART patients.

Effect of psychological intervention on negative emotion and postoperative outcome of patients with blepharoplasty / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of psychological intervention on negative emotion and postoperative outcome of patients with blepharoplasty.Methods:Sixty patients with blepharoplasty admitted to the Department of Plastic Surgery of Xijing Hospital from March to July 2020 were selected as the control group: there were 25 males and 35 females, aged 36-62 years, with an average age of (45.95±5.86) years who received routine nursing. 60 patients with blepharoplasty admitted from August to December 2020 were selected as the study group: there were 23 males and 37 females, aged 37-66 years, with an average age of (45.85±5.18) years; psychological intervention was added on the basis of routine nursing in this group. The vital signs, anxiety and depression levels, body image disorder level, pain relief, recovery time, complications, and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:After psychological intervention, the anxiety score of the experimental group (38.98±3.24) was lower than that of the control group (43.08±4.33), with a t-value of 4.01. The depression score in the study group (39.51±4.03) was lower than that of the control group (45.78±4.26), with a t-value of 4.12. The body image disorder score (6.62±1.46) in the study group was lower than that in the control group (10.96±2.22), with a t-value of 4.31. The differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The pain relief time after psychological intervention in the study group was (0.51±0.11) days, which was lower than that in the control group (1.03±0.23) days, with a t value of 4.33. The wound healing time was (5.01±1.32) days in the study group, lower than the control group (7.22±1.18), with a t value of 3.10. The complication rate (3.34%) in the study group was lower than that of the control group (6.67%), with a χ 2 value of 4.66. The patients’ satisfactory score (97.25±4.36) in the study group was higher than that of the control group (85.01±3.33), with a t/χ 2 value of 3.62. The differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Psychological intervention can effectively stabilize the vital signs of patients with blepharoplasty, relieve their anxiety and depression, reduce the level of body image disorder level, relieve pain, promote wound healing, reduce complications, and improve patients′satisfaction.

Research progress of perioperative pain relief in living donor kidney transplantation / 国际外科学杂志

In recent years, living kidney donors is getting valuable with the increasingly needs of kidney transplantation. However, living kidney donors can receive no benefits but greater incidence and severity of pain compared to other kinds of renal surgeries. Thus, it is getting popular on how to relief the postoperative pain during perioperative period for living kidney donors. As multidisciplinary cooperation developing, preoperative predictive nursing, changed analgesia mode, modified pneumoperitoneum, and postoperative application of different kinds of analgesic drugs can further relief the postoperative pain of living kindney donors. This paper sums up different modalities of pain relief in patients undergoing live donor nephrectomy to provide reference to clinical decision of living kidney transplantation.

Intervención psicológica corta para promoción del enfrentamiento de los estresores en la enseñanza universitaria / Intervenção psicológica breve para promoção do enfrentamento dos estressores no ensino superior / Brief psychologycal intervention for the promotion of ways to cope with stressors in higher education

O ingresso no Ensino Superior inclui estressores variados para o estudante e a literatura aponta a necessidade de intervenções para facilitar a adaptação à universidade. A oficina de vivências acadêmicas, uma intervenção psicológica breve (8 sessões) de base analítico-comportamental, buscou desenvolver repertórios para o enfrentamento dos estressores presentes no Ensino Superior. Participaram 9 acadêmicas de enfermagem, que após consentimento, responderam antes e após a participação na oficina: 1) o Self-Reporting Questionnaire, versão brasileira, um instrumento de triagem de sintomas relacionados a transtornos mentais comuns (TMC); e 2) a Escala de Bem-estar Psicológico (EBEP). Inicialmente, 88,9% das participantes apresentavam sintomas de TMC, e a média da EBEP foi 24,97 (DP=1,22). Após a intervenção, somente 22,2% das estudantes continuaram apresentando sintomas de TMC, e a média da EBEP aumentou para 29,34 (DP=1,17). As implicações dessa intervenção são discutidas tendo em vista os desafios enfrentados pela Psicologia Escolar e Educacional no Ensino Superior.

La entrada en la enseñanza universitaria incluye estresores variados para el estudiante y la literatura apunta la necesidad de intervenciones para facilitar la adaptación a la universidad. El taller de vivencias académicas, una intervención psicológica corta (8 sesiones) de base analítico-comportamental, buscó desarrollar repertorios para el enfrentamiento de los estresores presentes en la enseñanza universitaria. Participaron 9 académicas de enfermería que, tras consentimiento, respondieron antes y después la participación en el taller: 1) el Self-Reporting Questionnaire, versión brasileña, un instrumento de selección de síntomas relacionados a trastornos mentales comunes (TMC); y 2) la Escala de Buen-estar Psicológico (EBEP). Inicialmente, el 88,9% de las participantes presentaban síntomas de TMC, y el promedio de la EBEP fue 24,97 (DP=1,22). Tras la intervención, solamente el 22,2% de las estudiantes continuaron presentando síntomas de TMC, y el promedio de la EBEP aumentó para 29,34 (DP=1,17). Las implicaciones de esta intervención son discutidas teniendo en vista los desafíos enfrentados por la Psicología Escolar y Educacional en la enseñanza universitaria.

Enrolling in Higher Education includes various stressors for the student and the literature points to the need for interventions to facilitate adaptation to university. The academic experiences workshop, a brief psychological intervention (8 sessions) based on behavioral analysis, sought to develop repertoires for coping with the stressors present in higher education. Nine nursing students participated after signing consent terms. They provide answers before and after participating in the workshop: 1) the Self-Reporting Questionnaire, Brazilian version, an instrument for screening symptoms related to common mental disorders (CMD); and 2) the Psychological Well-Being Scale (PBS). Initially, 88.9% of participants had symptoms of CMD, and the mean EBEP was 24.97 (SD=1.22). After the intervention, only 22.2% of the students continued to present symptoms of CMD, and the mean EBEP increased to 29.34 (SD=1.17). The implications of this intervention are discussed in view of the challenges faced by School and Educational Psychology in Higher Education.

Intervenções psicológicas necessárias: a prática como residente no serviço de medicina fetal / Necessary psychological interventions: the practice as a resident in the fetal medicine service / Intervenciones psicológicas necesarias: la práctica como residente en el servicio de medicina fetal

Com os avanços tecnológicos e o aprimoramento da prática médica via ultrassonografia, já é possível detectar possíveis problemas no feto desde a gestação. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a prática do psicólogo no contexto de gestações que envolvem riscos fetais. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo sob formato de relato de experiência como psicólogo residente no Serviço de Medicina Fetal da Maternidade Escola da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Os registros, feitos por observação participante e diário de campo, foram analisados em dois eixos temáticos: 1) intervenções psicológicas no trabalho em equipe em consulta de pré-natal, exame de ultrassonografia e procedimento de amniocentese; e 2) intervenções psicológicas em casos de bebês incompatíveis com a vida. Os resultados indicaram que o psicólogo nesse serviço é essencial para atuar de forma multiprofissional na assistência pré-natal para gravidezes de alto risco fetal. Ademais, a preceptoria do residente é relevante para sua formação e treinamento para atuação profissional no campo da psicologia perinatal.(AU)

Face to the technological advances and the improvement of medical practice via ultrasound, it is already possible to detect possible problems in the fetus since pregnancy. The objective of this study was to analyze the psychologist's practice in the context of pregnancies which involve fetal risks. It is a qualitative study based on an experience report as a psychologist trainee at the Fetal Medicine Service of the Maternity School of UFRJ. The records, based on the participant observation and field diary, were analyzed in two thematic axes: 1) psychological interventions in the teamwork in the prenatal attendance, ultrasound examination and amniocentesis procedure; and 2) psychological interventions in cases of babies incompatible to the life. The results indicated that the psychologist in this service is essential to work in a multidisciplinary way at the prenatal care for high fetal risk pregnancies. Furthermore, the resident's preceptorship is relevant to their education and training for professional performance in the field of Perinatal Psychology.(AU)

Con los avances tecnológicos y la mejora de la práctica médica a través de la ecografía, ya se puede detectar posibles problemas en el feto desde el embarazo. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la práctica del psicólogo en el contexto de embarazos de riesgos fetal. Es un estudio cualitativo basado en un relato de experiencia como residente de psicología en el Servicio de Medicina Fetal de la Escuela de Maternidad de la Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Los registros, realizados en la observación participante y el diario de campo, se analizaron en dos ejes temáticos: 1) intervenciones psicológicas en el trabajo en equipo, en la consulta prenatal, ecografía y los procedimientos de amniocentesis; y 2) intervenciones psicológicas en casos de bebés incompatibles con la vida. Los resultados señalaron como fundamental la presencia del psicólogo en este servicio trabajando de forma multidisciplinar en la atención prenatal en el contexto de embarazos de alto riesgo fetal. Además, la tutela del residente es relevante para su educación y formación para el desempeño profesional en el campo de la Psicología Perinatal.(AU)

Psychoeducational module on Neurocognitive impairments - Mild and Severe. Module of the neuropsychological intervention program for the elderly, REHACOG / Módulo Psicoeducativo sobre Transtornos Neurocognitivos - Leve e Maior. Módulo do programa de intervenção neuropsicológica para o idoso, REHACOG

Objective The purpose is to present a neuropsychological intervention program, aimed at the broader person, the Psychoeducation Module, directed fundamentally at one's support network, family members and even intervention agents. Method The Cognitive Rehabilitation Program, given the acronym REHACOG, can work as a remedial and/or preventive tool that is very structured but flexible and complete because it includes varied tasks that promote multiple cognitive, linguistic and socio-emotional processes. REHACOG has an active character, also having a module more oriented to information and awareness for all the themes inherent to the larger individuals, potentially more oriented to caregivers or the elderly support network. Results Emphasizing this last topic, which has not yet been disseminated, which is the main objective of this article, we present the training module and the psychoeducational module, which includes six rubrics that cover topics ranging from conceptualization(s) of dementia, neurocognitive disorders, to symptomatology, assessment, intervention, caregivers and their roles, and response resources. Conclusion Although this material has not yet been published and disseminated, we expect to use and test it very soon.We look forward to its usefulness among professionals and future professionals in the area.

Objetivo Apresentar um programa de intervenção neuropsicológica, orientado para a pessoa maior, especificamente, o módulo Psicoeducação, vocacionado, fundamentalmente, para a sua rede de suporte, familiares e mesmo agentes interventores. Método O Programa de Reabilitação Cognitiva, com acrónimo REHACOG, pode funcionar enquanto ferramenta remediativa e/ou preventiva, bastante estruturado, mas flexível, porque inclui inúmeras e variadas tarefas promotoras de múltiplos processos cognitivos, linguísticos e socio emocionais. Genericamente, o REHACOG tem caráter ativo, possuindo, também, um módulo mais orientado para a informação, divulgação e sensibilização para todas as temáticas inerentes aos indivíduos maiores, potencialmente, mais orientado para os cuidadores ou rede de suporte dos idosos. Resultados Enfatizando este último tópico, ainda não disseminado, maior objetivo do presente artigo, temos o módulo informativo/formativo, Módulo Psicoeducativo, que contempla seis rubricas que perpassam tópicos desde a concetualização(ões) de demência, os transtornos neurocognitivos, à sintomatologia, à avaliação, à intervenção, aos cuidadores e seus papéis e aos recursos de resposta. Conclusão Embora este material ainda não esteja publicado e disseminado, contamos vir a utilizá-lo e a testá-lo muito em breve. Almejamos a sua utilidade junto de profissionais e futuros profissionais da área.

Establecimiento de metas como técnica motivacional en deportistas / Estabelecimento de metas como técnica motivadora para esportistas / Setting goals as a motivational technique in athletes

RESUMEN Introducción: El establecimiento de metas es un proceso fundamental en el entrenamiento deportivo y puede ser utilizado como una técnica motivacional en el deporte para manejar los recursos psicológicos del deportista y el equipo en aras de potenciar la cohesión y lograr sus aspiraciones. Objetivo: Analizar la pertinencia de la aplicación de un programa de intervención psicológica sustentado en el establecimiento de metas como técnica motivacional en el equipo femenino categoría 13-14 años de Polo Acuático de la Escuela de Iniciación Deportiva Escolar Eide "Marcelo Salado", de Villa Clara, Cuba. Materiales y métodos: La metodología empleada incluye diversos métodos y técnicas de investigación de naturaleza cuantitativa y cualitativa. Se utilizaron el análisis ssíntesis, observación, entrevista, cuestionario de establecimiento de metas, técnica de completamiento de frases, el cuestionario de estilo de dirección, la triangulación y el preexperimento. Se calcularon medidas descriptivas de posición como la media y la moda. Se utilizó la prueba de hipótesis no paramétrica de rangos señalados de Wilcoxon para comprobar si los cambios antes y después de la intervención eran significativos. Resultados: Los datos susceptibles de medición fueron procesados estadísticamente mediante el software SPSS para Windows versión 17.0 Los resultados demuestran la influencia del programa de intervención aplicado para el mejoramiento del establecimiento de metas del equipo. Conclusiones: Valoran la contribución de la aplicación del programa de intervención psicológica, en el establecimiento de metas de manera más objetivas, claras y comprensibles en las deportistas y en el desarrollo de la esfera motivacional al utilizar las potencialidades del trabajo del equipo deportivo como grupo.

SÍNTESE Introdução: O estabelecimento de metas é um processo fundamental no treinamento esportivo e pode ser usado como uma técnica motivacional no esporte para administrar os recursos psicológicos do atleta e da equipe, a fim de aumentar a coesão e alcançar suas aspirações. Objetivo: analisar a relevância da aplicação de um programa de intervenção psicológica baseado no estabelecimento de metas como técnica motivacional na equipe de pólo aquático feminina de 13-14 anos da Escuela de Iniciación Deportiva Escolar Eide "Marcelo Salado", em Villa Clara, Cuba. Materiais e métodos: a metodologia empregada inclui vários métodos e técnicas de pesquisa de natureza quantitativa e qualitativa. Foram utilizadas análise-síntese, observação, entrevista, questionário de estabelecimento de metas, técnica de preenchimento de frases, questionário de estilo de gestão, triangulação e pré-experimentação. Foram calculadas medidas descritivas de posição, tais como média e modo. O teste de hipóteses Wilcoxon não paramétrico assinado foi usado para testar se as mudanças antes e depois da intervenção eram significativas. Resultados: Os dados mensuráveis foram processados estatisticamente usando o software SPSS para Windows versão 17.0. Os resultados demonstram a influência do programa de intervenção aplicado na melhoria da definição das metas da equipe. Conclusões: a contribuição da aplicação do programa de intervenção psicológica no estabelecimento de metas mais objetivas, claras e compreensíveis para as atletas e no desenvolvimento da esfera motivacional, utilizando o potencial do trabalho da equipe esportiva como um grupo.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Goal setting is a fundamental process in sports training and can be used as a motivational technique in sports to manage the resources of the athlete and the team in order to enhance cohesion and achieve their aspirations. Objective: To analyze the relevance of the application of a psychological intervention program based on the establishment of goals as a motivational technique in the women's team category 13-14 years of Water Polo of the School of Sports Initiation School Eide " Marcelo Salado", of Villa Clare, Cuba. Materials and methods: The methodology used includes various research methods and techniques of a quantitative and qualitative nature. Analysis-synthesis, observation, interview, goal setting questionnaire, sentence completion technique, management style questionnaire, triangulation and pre-experiment were used. Descriptive measures of position such as the mean and mode were calculated. The Wilcoxon signed ranks nonparametric hypothesis test was used to test whether the changes before and after the intervention were significant. Results: The measurable data were statistically processed using the SPSS software for Windows version 17.0. The results demonstrate the influence of the intervention program applied to improve the team's goal setting. Conclusions: They value the contribution of the application of the psychological intervention program, in the establishment of goals in a more objective, clear and understandable way in the athletes and in the development of the motivational sphere when using the potentialities of the work of the sports team as a group.

Programas parentais para prevenção de maus-tratos infantis: análise de revisões sistemáticas / Parenting programs for the prevention of child maltreatment: analysis of systematic reviews / Programas parentales para la prevención del maltrato infantil: análisis de revisiones sistemáticas

El maltrato infantil es prevalente en el entorno familiar. Por lo tanto, se implementan programas para padres para combatirlo. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar revisiones sistemáticas que evaluaron los efectos de programas parentales en la prevención del maltrato infantil. Se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura según PRISMA. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases Web of Science, PsycInfo, Ebsco, Lilacs y SciELO. Se recuperaron 54 artículos y 14 fueron incluidos. Se identificó como consenso los resultados favorables de los programas para reducir los síntomas y el maltrato infantil y aumentar las prácticas pa-rentales positivas. Las controversias fueron el formato y la base teórica de los programas. Como brechas, los estudios indican la necesidad de investigación en países de ingresos bajos y medianos e inversiones en metodologías más robustas y longitudinales. Se concluye que un trabajo de intervención dirigido a los padres puede ser una forma prometedora de prevenir el maltrato infantil

Os maus-tratos infantis têm alta prevalência no ambiente familiar. Assim, programas destinados aos pais são implementados para combatê-los. Este estudo objetivou analisar revisões sistemáticas que avaliaram os efeitos de programas parentais na prevenção de maus-tratos infantis. Conduziu-se uma revisão inte-grativa da literatura conforme o modelo PRISMA. Uma busca nas bases de dados Web of Science, PsycInfo, Ebsco, Lilacs e SciELO foi realizada. Recuperaram-se 54 artigos e incluíram-se 14 na análise. Os resultados consensuais mostraram dados favoráveis da implementação dos programas na redução de sintomas e maus-tratos infantis e aumento de práticas parentais positivas. As controvérsias pautaram-se pelo for-mato e pela base teórica dos programas. Como lacunas, os estudos indicam a necessidade de mais pesqui-sas em países de baixa e média rendas e investimentos em metodologias mais robustas e longitudinais. Conclui-se que um trabalho de intervenção destinado aos pais pode ser um caminho promissor para a prevenção de maus-tratos infantis.

Child maltreatment is highly prevalent in the family environment. Thus, programs intended for parents are implemented to combat it. This study aimed to analyze systematic reviews that evaluated the effects of parental programs on the prevention of child maltreatment. An integrative literature review was conducted according to the PRISMA model. A search was performed in the Web of Science, PsycInfo, Ebsco, Lilacs, and SciELO databases. Fifty-four studies were retrieved, and 14 were included in the analysis. Consensus was identified as the favorable results of the implementation of the programs in decreasing symptoms and child maltreatment and increasing positive parenting practices. Controversies concerned the formats and theoretical frameworks adopted by the programs. As for the gaps, the studies indicate the need for more studies conducted in low- and middle-income countries and investments in more robust and longitudinal methodologies. In conclusion, intervening with parents can be a promising way to prevent child maltreatment

Programa de intervención psicológica para el manejo de la obesidad infantil / Program of psychological intervention for the handling of the infantile obesity

RESUMEN Introducción: La obesidad es un problema de salud asociado a una morbilidad variada y cada vez en edades más tempranas de la vida. El documento actual tiene como objetivo exponer resultados de un estudio acerca de los hábitos asociados a la obesidad infantil, en la medida, además, en que se evalúan las relaciones afectivas compensatorias y las actitudes generadoras de alteraciones psicológicas en la familia, en función de la presentación de elementos del programa de intervención psicológica dirigido al manejo de la obesidad en un grupo de niños obesos que constituyeron parte de la muestra. Método: La muestra estuvo constituida por 13 niños obesos y 21 familiares remitidos de la consulta de Pediatría del Centro de Investigaciones Médico-Quirúrgicas. La elaboración del programa intervención psicológica se realizó en el primer semestre de 2019 y la experiencia derivada su aplicación se extiende hasta el momento actual. Resultados: Se realiza un análisis cualitativo, en el que se exponen los resultados a partir de la observación de la tendencia de las variables en el grupo. Se aplicaron la entrevista al niño y a la familia, el análisis psicográfico y las Siete figuras de Collins. Se examinan variables psicológicas. Discusión: Se constata la influencia de las variables analizadas en la obesidad infantil, teniendo en cuenta la correspondencia con los estudios de investigadores de Cuba y el mundo, lo cual redunda en la validez y actualidad de los resultados, para la implementación del programa con sesiones dirigidas a los niños y familiares.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Obesity is a health problem associated with varied morbidity and increasingly at earlier ages of life. The current document aims to present the results of a study about the habits associated with childhood obesity, to the extent, in addition, that the compensatory affective relationships and the attitudes that generate psychological alterations in the family are evaluated, depending on the presentation. of elements of the psychological intervention program aimed at managing obesity in a group of obese children who were part of the sample. Method: The sample consisted of 13 obese children and 21 relatives referred from the Pediatric consultation of the Medical-Surgical Research Center. The elaboration of the psychological intervention program was carried out in the first semester of 2019 and the derived experience of its application extends until the current moment. Results: A qualitative analysis is carried out, in which the results are presented from the observation of the trend of the variables in the group. The interview with the child and the family, the psychographic analysis and the Seven figures of Collins were applied. Psychological variables are examined. Discussion: The influence of the variables analyzed on childhood obesity is verified, taking into account the correspondence with the studies of researchers from Cuba and the world, which results in the validity and timeliness of the results, for the implementation of the program with Sessions for children and families.

Intervención multidisciplinar en línea para mujeres con trastorno por atracón / Multidisciplinary online intervention for women with binge eating disorder

Resumen: Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de una intervención multidisciplinar en línea (psicológica, médica y nutricional) en mujeres con trastornos por atracón (TpA). Método: participaron 5 mujeres diagnosticadas con TpA con una edad promedio de 43.2 años y un peso corporal inicial promedio de 90 kg. El tratamiento se realizó durante 24 sesiones, cada una de dos horas por semana; la primera hora era terapia grupal y la segunda individual. Se contó con cuatro momentos de evaluación: pre, post y dos seguimientos Resultados: Las comparaciones se realizaron a través de la prueba no paramétrica de Friedman, encontrando una disminución estadísticamente significativa de la sintomatología de atracón pre χ1= 30.30 al segundo seguimiento χ2=10.80 (x2=12.84; p=.005), sintomatología de ansiedad χ1= 28.80 χ2=12.40 (x2=10.83.96; p=.013) y depresión χ1= 19.80, χ2=4.0 (x2=10.18; p=.017). Se observó mejoría en la comprensión χ1= 21.00, χ2=30.20 (x2=9.63; p=.025) y regulación emocional χ1= 28.40 χ2=33.00, (x2=7.77; p=.050). Las pacientes redujeron su peso corporal, mejoraron hábitos alimentarios introduciendo fruta y verdura diariamente e incluyeron la actividad física en su rutina diaria, realizando de 20 a 30 minutos diarios. A partir del cambio clínico objetivo se observó un cambio positivo en las variables abordadas en tratamiento en todas las participantes. Conclusiones: Se puede observar que la intervención multidisciplinaria en línea fue efectiva en el tratamiento de TpA en mujeres.

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary online intervention (psychological, medical, and nutritional) in women with binge eating disorder (BED). Method: 5 women diagnosed with BED with a mean age of 43.2 years and a mean initial body weight of 90 kg participated. The treatment was carried out during 24 sessions, each of two hours per week; the first hour was group therapy and the second individual. There were four moments of evaluation: pre, post and two follow-ups. Results: The comparisons were made through the non-parametric Friedman test, finding a statistically significant decrease in binge eating symptoms before χ1= 30.30 at the second follow-up χ2 =10.80 (x2=12.84; p=.005), symptoms of anxiety χ1= 28.80, χ2=12.40 (x2=10.83.96; p=.013) and depression χ1= 19.80, χ2=4.0 (x2= 10.18, p=.017). Improvement was observed in comprehension χ1= 21.00, χ2=30.20 (x2=9.63; p=.025) and emotional regulation χ1= 28.40 χ2=33.00, (x2=7.77; p=.050). The patients reduced their body weight, improved their eating habits by introducing fruit and vegetables daily and included physical activity in their daily routine, performing 20 to 30 minutes a day. From the objective clinical change, a positive change was observed in the variables addressed in treatment in all the participants. Conclusions: The online multidisciplinary intervention was effective in the treatment of BED in women.