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1.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-228039

RÉSUMÉ

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the dietary habits and nutritional status of upper primary school children covered under mid-day meal scheme (MDMS) in rural Punjab. Methods: This cross-sectional research was conducted among 336 adolescent (10-15 years) students of 6th to 8th standard randomly selected from 11 government/ municipality schools selected randomly from the total 112 schools rural Punjab in 2018. After taking informed written assent/ consent, pretested, semi structured questionnaire was administered. Anthropometric measurements were taken to establish malnutrition, underweight, stunting, wasting and overweight. Results: Majority (90%) liked the MDMS which was being served to them. There was 96% regularity in attending the school daily with a slightly less emphasis on the cleanliness maintenance (73%) of the children by the schoolteachers. Malnutrition and underweight were 59% and 50% prevalent, respectively. The prevalence of stunting was higher in girls (30%). In boys (154) both the stunting and wasting was 23%, with 5% and 6% prevalence of overweight and at risk of overweight respectively. Whereas in case of girls (182), the prevalence of stunting (30%) was more than wasting (25%) with less girls (3% each) being overweight and at risk of overweight. Conclusions: Regularity and attendance were up to mark due to increased likeliness of the food by majority of the students, though cleanliness should be improved further. Higher prevalence of malnutrition, wasting and stunting was observed which was even higher among girls. Overweight and risk of overweight was higher among boys. Hence, nutritional status was unsatisfactory.

2.
China Pharmacy ; (12): 1029-1033, 2024.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1017132

RÉSUMÉ

As one of the flexible means of drug supervision, the “compassionate medicine use system” has become a new way to meet the drug accessibility of patients at present. The “compassionate medicine use system” in Britain, that is, Early Access to Medicine Scheme, intervenes in the drug development process of the applicant enterprises at an early stage through the cooperation of different government departments, which not only ensures patients obtain innovative drugs in time, but also accelerates the drug listing and payment and reimbursement process. At present, China has only made principled provisions on the “compassionate medicine use system”, but has not issued specific implementation rules. It is suggested that the access conditions of “compassionate medicine use”, the responsibilities and obligations of different subjects, the payment mechanism of expenses and how to promote the cooperation of relevant departments should be clearly defined as soon as possible in combination with the system experience of Britain, so as to form a standardized and operable “compassionate medicine use system” suitable for China’s national conditions.

3.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1018951

RÉSUMÉ

Objective:To clarify the medical security plan and its practical effects at the main venue of the 19th Hangzhou Asian Games.Methods:The plan described the medical security implementation plan of the main venue of the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou (organizational management and operation mechanism, medical security operation system, standardized training and support processes, application of Asian Games intelligent first aid security system, and so on). And through high-facticity simulation verify the operation effect of the main venue's medical support (team mode and response time). Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the medical security program verified through the effect of medical services (quantity, disease types, transfers, etc.) during the Asian Games and Asian Paralympic Games.Results:The medical security team of the main venue of the 19th Hangzhou Asian Games included the management team and the operation team, of which consisted of 44 medical staffs (22 doctors and 22 nurses); and were deployed to 16 different security positions. It was also accompanied with 16 volunteers to assist medical staff to transport patients. In addition, a total of 300 medical observers were enrolled in audience area to assist rapid identification, intervention, and collaborative diagnosis and treatment with the medical team. Medical security teams were arranged to cover all the audience areas who can arrive at the patient's area within 2 minutes after receiving orders, transfer the patient to the ambulance’s site in 8 minutes, and transport the patient to a designated hospital within 10-20 minutes. During the Asian Games and Asian Paralympic Games, the medical-care team treated a total of 3 742 patients, including 9 patients transported from medical service sites of the audience area to the stadium infirmary, as well as 83 patients referred to the designated hospital.Conclusions:The medical security implementation plan for the main venues of the Asian Games provides good medical security for the Asian Games and Asian Paralympic Games. It also provides theoretical and practical experience for the development of the medical security system for international events in future.

4.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1026859

RÉSUMÉ

Objective To screen items of the Clinical Aided Decision Scheme for Stroke Simultaneous Treatment of Disease,Pulse and Syndrome;To provide reference for the formulation and improvement of the scheme.Methods The Delphi method was used to distribute two rounds of questionnaires to 60 experts in cerebropathy or neurology across the country.Statistical analysis was performed on the questionnaire results of the scheme's items,including the disease names,etiology and pathogenesis,syndrome characteristics,rules and regulations,representative prescriptions,acupuncture and other therapies,and preventive care.Results Totally 42 and 50 valid questionnaires were collected.The experts reached the consensus for the importance of etiology and pathogenesis,rules and regulations,acupuncture and other therapies,and preventive care.In the section on syndrome characteristics,items with low relevance or causing ambiguity were removed.Items that were no longer used in modern times and different prescriptions with the same name were removed from the representative prescriptions.The names of syndromes,rules and regulations were unified.Conclusion The experts generally reached the consensus for the importance of the Clinical Aided Decision Scheme for Stroke Simultaneous Treatment of Disease,Pulse and Syndrome.However,there are still some limitations that require further study and discussion.

5.
Chinese Medical Ethics ; (6): 562-567, 2024.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1012941

RÉSUMÉ

Medical justice is the concrete embodiment of social equity and justice in the field of medical care. The socialist system is a strong guarantee to solve the problem of medical justice. Basic medical service, which "guaranteed by the government, fairly obtained by all the people", is an inevitable requirement of socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics in the new era. The development of health and wellness in the new era should establish the core value concept of "taking people’s health as the center", take the "great health concept" as the guide, construct the medical justice concept based on people’s health, so as to provide a solid ideological guarantee for comprehensively promoting the construction of Healthy China, and then contribute to the Chinese model and Chinese scheme for global health governance. The main contents of medical justice based on people’s health should include fair medical treatment, accessible medical treatment and public welfare medical treatment. Its implementation path are: promoting the equalization of basic public medical services in urban and rural areas, continuously pressing forward the fairness of medical resource allocation; giving priority to people’s health and ensuring the justice of medical management system; coordinating the imbalance between doctors and patients effectively, and effectively promote the harmonious relationship between doctors and patients.

6.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; Ginecol. obstet. Méx;92(1): 1-7, ene. 2024. tab, graf
Article de Espagnol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1557848

RÉSUMÉ

Resumen OBJETIVO: Comparar las concentraciones de hemoglobina en embarazadas con anemia por deficiencia de hierro que recibieron un tratamiento intermitente en comparación con el continuo de 200 mg de sulfato ferroso por vía oral. Además, comparar la frecuencia de efectos secundarios del tratamiento intermitente con el continuo. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Ensayo clínico, aleatorizado, no cegado, efectuado en la Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Ginecoobstetricia 4 Luis Castelazo Ayala, IMSS, en pacientes de 18 a 35 años atendidas entre los meses de enero a marzo del 2023 con 30 o más semanas de embarazo, diagnóstico de anemia ferropénica (definida operativamente solo con una biometría hemática inferior a 11 g/dL, con hipocromía y microcitosis), sin antecedentes de enfermedad crónico-degenerativa. El análisis estadístico se procesó en el programa SPSS v21, la distribución y características de la muestra con análisis univariado, seguido de un análisis bivariado con t de Student y diferencia de medias. Se consideró con significación estadística el valor de p < 0.05. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 32 pacientes: 16 con esquema continuo y 16 con el intermitente. Ambos grupos con incremento de 1 g/dL entre la hemoglobina inicial y final (p < 0.01), con una diferencia de medias entre el aumento de los grupos con p = 0.4. Con disminución significativa de la epigastralgia y la náusea. CONCLUSIONES: El tratamiento intermitente con sulfato ferroso incrementa las concentraciones de hemoglobina igual que un esquema continuo, pero con menos efectos adversos.


Abstract OBJECTIVE: To compare hemoglobin concentrations in pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia who received intermittent versus continuous treatment with 200 mg oral ferrous sulfate. In addition, to compare the incidence of side effects of intermittent versus continuous treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Randomized, non-blinded, clinical trial conducted at the Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Ginecoobstetricia 4 Luis Castelazo Ayala, IMSS, in patients aged 18 to 35 years attended between January and March 2023 with 30 or more weeks of pregnancy, diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia (operationally defined only with a blood biometry lower than 11 g/dL, with hypochromia and microcytosis), without a history of chronic degenerative disease. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS v21 program, distribution and characteristics of the sample with univariate analysis, followed by bivariate analysis with Student's t and mean difference. A value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Thirty-two patients were studied: 16 with continuous and 16 with intermittent regimen. Both groups with increase of 1 g/dL between initial and final hemoglobin (p < 0.01), with a mean difference between groups increase with p = 0.4. With significant reduction in epigastralgia and nausea. CONCLUSIONS: Intermittent treatment with ferrous sulfate increases hemoglobin concentrations.

7.
Rev. inf. cient ; 103: e4348, 2024. fig, tab
Article de Espagnol | LILACS-Express | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1550977

RÉSUMÉ

Introducción: El análisis de la situación de salud es una investigación primordial que se realiza en el sistema de salud cubano, en el que se estudia la salud, los elementos que la determinan y las formas de mejorarla. Objetivo: Evaluar la propuesta de diseño de un esquema que contribuya a la mejora del aprendizaje del análisis de la situación de salud de la comunidad para los residentes de la especialidad Medicina General Integral, pertenecientes a la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Guantánamo. Método: Se realizó una investigación pedagógica de tipo descriptiva en la antes mencionada institución durante el período marzo-julio de 2022. De un universo de 67 profesores que aceptaron participar, se seleccionaron 26 por muestreo intencional. Para obtener los datos primarios fueron aplicados tres cuestionarios tipo Likert para evaluar el esquema, en consideración con la estructura, la funcionalidad y el aporte en el aprendizaje. Dichos cuestionarios incluyeron las respuestas: Totalmente en desacuerdo, En desacuerdo, Ni de acuerdo ni en desacuerdo, De acuerdo y Totalmente de acuerdo. Los datos se resumieron en números absolutos y porcentajes. Se presentaron en tablas de distribución de frecuencias. Resultados: Los subtotales de respuestas Totalmente de acuerdo y De acuerdo sobre la evaluación estructural y funcional, así como la influencia que se espera de este para mejorar el aprendizaje del análisis de situación de salud, se consideraron adecuados al superar el estándar. Conclusiones: El esquema propuesto es evaluado como adecuado en estructura y funcionalidad. Se considera positiva la influencia que se espera de este para mejorar el aprendizaje del análisis de situación de salud de la comunidad.(AU)


Introduction: The analysis of the health situation is a fundamental investigation carried out in the Cuban health system, in which health is studied, the elements that determine it and the ways to improve it. Objective: To evaluate the design proposal of a scheme that contributes to the improvement of learning of the analysis of the health situation of the community for the residents of the Comprehensive General Medicine specialty, belonging to the Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Guantánamo. Method: A descriptive pedagogical research was carried out in the aforementioned institution during the period March-July 2022. From a universe of 67 teachers who agreed to participate, 26 were selected by intentional sampling. To obtain primary data, three Likert-type questionnaires were applied to evaluate the scheme, taking into consideration the structure, functionality and contribution to learning. These questionnaires included the responses: Totally disagree, Disagree, Neither agree nor disagree, Agree and Totally agree. Data were summarized in absolute numbers and percentages. They were presented in frequency distribution tables. Results: The subtotals of Completely Agree and Agree responses on the structural and functional evaluation, as well as the expected influence of this to improve the learning of health situation analysis, were considered adequate when exceeding the standard. Conclusions: The proposed scheme is evaluated as adequate in structure and functionality. The influence expected from this to improve learning about the analysis of the community's health situation is considered positive.(AU)


Introdução: A análise da situação sanitária é uma investigação fundamental realizada no sistema de saúde cubano, no qual se estuda a saúde, os elementos que a determinam e as formas de melhorá-la. Objetivo: Avaliar a proposta de desenho de um esquema que contribua para a melhoria da aprendizagem da análise da situação de saúde da comunidade para os residentes da especialidade Medicina Geral Integral, pertencente à Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Guantánamo. Método: Foi realizada uma pesquisa pedagógica descritiva na referida instituição durante o período de março a julho de 2022. De um universo de 67 professores que aceitaram participar, 26 foram selecionados por amostragem intencional. Para obtenção dos dados primários, foram aplicados três questionários do tipo Likert para avaliação do esquema, levando em consideração a estrutura, funcionalidade e contribuição para a aprendizagem. Esses questionários incluíram as respostas: Discordo totalmente, Discordo, Nem concordo nem discordo, Concordo e Concordo totalmente. Os dados foram resumidos em números absolutos e porcentagens. Eles foram apresentados em tabelas de distribuição de frequência. Resultados: Os subtotais das respostas Concordo Totalmente e Concordo na avaliação estrutural e funcional, bem como a influência esperada desta para melhorar a aprendizagem da análise da situação de saúde, foram considerados adequados quando excedem o padrão. Conclusões: O esquema proposto é avaliado como adequado em estrutura e funcionalidade.A influência que se espera disto para melhorar a aprendizagem sobre a análise da situação de saúde da comunidade é considerada positiva.(AU)

8.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-230474

RÉSUMÉ

Efficient water management through farm pond technology is a great initiative by Krishi Bhagya Yojana scheme in 2015. Out of 240 sample farmers, about 180 farmers are adopters and 60 are non adopters of farm pond technology in Bidar and Gulbarga districts of Karnataka. Majority of farmers prefer farm pond of size 30 m × 30 m × 3 m as during Kharif season with storage capacity of 2700 cubic metric which is able to irrigate 1.5 ha land area .Through analysis, it is found that, the cropping intensity was increased to 225 per cent from 203.75 which accounts 9.47 per cent change to that of the base year. The percent change in area under rabicrops was relatively more when compared with farm ponds which directly increase their income by sale of crops in market. The number of migrating people decreased from six to three persons after adoption of KBY by the beneficiary farmers. The most influencing factors in adoption of farm pond technology by farmers are access to rural credit, diffusion of information and adoption of high value crops.

9.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-227326

RÉSUMÉ

Background: Ayushman Bharat-Pradhanmantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) envisages complete financial protection for around 50 crores of identified poor and vulnerable Indian beneficiaries against their catastrophic health care needs. Awareness is a pre-requisite that ensures enrolment and utilization of any health insurance program. Being a newly implemented scheme, very few studies are reported on the level of awareness, enrolment, and utilization of the AB-PMJAY scheme as well as the sources of information and support to the beneficiaries from Gujarat. So, this study aims to assess the current status of awareness, enrolment, and utilization of AB-PMJAY in Gujarat. Methods: A multi-stage sampling method was used in this cross-sectional study in both rural and urban areas and altogether 1152 households were randomly selected from three districts of Gujarat. Ten trained field investigators collected data with the help of a structured interview schedule. Results: AB-PMJAY is popular in Gujarat, with 24% high-level awareness and 47.8% moderate-level awareness. Out of 1152 households, 82.9% had AB-PMJAY cards, with a 43.3% utilization rate. Factors affecting awareness include area of living, religion, and caste. While 22.9% reported out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure with AB-PMJAY benefits, 15.1% reported non-utilization of their AB-PMJAY cards, despite needed. ASHA workers and Ayushman Mitras were the major sources of information. Conclusions: The reported utilization rate in this study was only 43.3%, despite having impressive awareness and enrolment rates. The OOP costs must be reduced, and the issues that prevented households from using the AB-PMJAY benefits despite their need must be addressed.

10.
Med. clín. soc ; 7(2)ago. 2023.
Article de Espagnol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1440498

RÉSUMÉ

Introducción: Durante la pandemia por COVID-19, factores como cierre de fronteras, recepción tardía de vacunas, limitación de circulación de la población, reubicación de enfermeros/as de áreas de vacunación a áreas de atención de pacientes con COVID-19, sumado el miedo al contagio, afectaron las coberturas de vacunación en varios países. Objetivo: Describir la percepción sobre la vacuna COVID-19 y su efecto en la cobertura de vacunación regular de pueblos indígenas del departamento de Presidente Hayes, Paraguay. 2022. Metodología: Estudio observacional descriptivo, retrospectivo de diseño cuali-cuantitativo de corte transversal. Resultados: Las características de los pueblos indígenas revela que 110(26,44 %) se ubica entre 28 a 37 años, 276(66,35 %) del sexo femenino, 133(31,97 %) son de la etnia Angaité, 290(69,71 %) poseen estudios hasta el nivel primario y 178(42,79 %) de estado civil soltero. La percepción hacia la vacunación COVID-19 fue favorable en 201 sujetos (48 %) y muy desfavorable en 148 (36 %). Existen pueblos indígenas con gran influencia de creencias culturales y religiosas en relación con las vacunas. La vacunación regular se vio afectada. Discusión: Se observó que la pandemia del COVID-19 y la aparición de la vacuna desarrolló desconfianza no solo en la vacuna COVID-19 si no también en el resto de las vacunas en algunos de los pueblos estudiados.


Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, factors such as border closures, late receipt of vaccines, limitation of population circulation, relocation of nurses from vaccination areas to areas of care for patients with COVID-19, added to the fear of contagion affected vaccination coverage in several countries. Objective: Describe the perception of the COVID-19 vaccine and its effect on the regular vaccination coverage of indigenous peoples in the department of Presidente Hayes, Paraguay 2022. Methods: Descriptive, retrospective, observational study with a qualitative-quantitative cross-sectional design. Results: The characteristics of the indigenous peoples reveals that 110 (26.44%) are between 28 and 37 years old, 276 (66.35%) are female, 133 (31.97%) are of the Angaité ethnic group, 290 (69.71%) have studies up to the primary level and 178 (42.79%) have single marital status. The perception towards the COVID-19 vaccination was favorable in 201 subjects (48%) and very unfavorable in 148 (36%). There are indigenous peoples with great influence of cultural and religious beliefs in relation to vaccines. Regular vaccination was affected. Discussion: It was observed that the COVID-19 pandemic and the appearance of the vaccine developed distrust not only in the COVID-19 vaccine but also in the rest of the vaccines in some of the towns studied.

11.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-220771

RÉSUMÉ

Introduction: Smart Energy Meter (SEM) is an electronic device used to measure, record and transmit the consumption of electricity, gas or water. The smart energy meter is a vital component of a smart grid, which is an advanced power distribution infrastructure that uses digital communication technology to monitor, control and optimize the ow of electricity between power producers and consumers. India, like other developing countries, faces several challenges in the implementation of smart energy meters. This paper examines the challenges in implementing smart energy meters in India and proposes solutions to overcome these challenges.

12.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-218835

RÉSUMÉ

Continuous improvement and evolution in various fields are crucial to ensure a better living environment for everyone. To achieve this, researchers have a significant responsibility to produce valuable research in concerned areas. However, dedicated researchers often face various obstacles, such as financial stress, which can hinder their ability to conduct research. To support Ph.D. scholars, many central and state government funding agencies offer financial assistance schemes. In this regard, the Government of Gujarat has initiated a scheme called SHODH – ScHeme Of Developing High quality research to provide financial support to Ph.D. scholars from recognized universities/institutes of the state to produce quality research in various disciplines. However, it is essential to understand the impact of the scheme's benefits from the perspective of the beneficiary candidates, especially those belonging to different economic statuses. Therefore, a study has been conducted to explore the opinions of beneficiary candidates of the SHODH scheme about the scheme's selected aspects and whether their opinions differ based on their economic status. The study adopts a causal-comparative research method to gain insight into the requirements of research scholars belonging to different economic statuses. This information will enable better facilitation of scholars to produce meaningful research in their respective fields.

13.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-230957

RÉSUMÉ

The purpose of the present study is aims to survey about the awareness; knowledge and perception of economic consumers and doctor’s knowledge about PMBJP generic drug scheme in India. Government of India addressed the issue of high priced branded medicines, which are costlier however economic peoples were not affordable to buy the medicines. In order to take care of people government of India established Pradhan Mantri Bharatiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana (PMBJP) scheme for all the consumers in the country with the purpose of high quality medicine at affordable cost, through stores of "Pradhan Mantri Bharatiya Janaushadhi Kendra’s" under the implementing agencies of Bureau of Pharma PSU’s India (BPPI) in different locale of the country. The survey consists of 21 questions including about awareness, perception, their experience and willingness to buy PMBJP medicines and their reasons. The sample size for the data collection of survey study was 300 respondents for the consumer perception study and from 90 respondents for the doctor’s perception study randomly selected belong to both urban and rural area in the state of TamilNadu, India. The study reviled that the economic consumers are showed positive note and happy about the scheme which will reduced their medical expenses and they are ready to buy the PMBJP generic medicines if the doctors prescribe the PMBJP generic medicine because its directly controlled by Government of India and economic consumers looking for to buy the PMBJP generic medicines as it is cheaper in price compared to branded one further, doctors also perceived that PMBJP generic medicines contain the same dose as the branded medicines.

14.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-232855

RÉSUMÉ

Background: Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) is India's government-funded health insurance scheme that covers over 10.74 crore poor and vulnerable families. Karnataka has been at the forefront of successfully implementing this health scheme which named as Ayushman Bharat Arogya Karnataka (ABArK) through Suvarna Arogya Suraksha trust (SAST). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Chamarajanagar Taluk. All the 22 rural and urban field practice area of Chamarajanagara medical college and hospital were enlisted and the study subjects were randomly selected. After obtaining consent, the head of the family or in his absence the eldest adult in the households were taken as respondents. Results: The study included 1027 households; out of which 452 (44%) are card holders. The majority of ABArK card holders 434 (96%) are BPL card holders and rural residents (60%). The totals of 666 (65%) study subjects are aware about the scheme, out of which 68% are the beneficiaries. Unfortunately, only 3% of the card holders were utilized the scheme and get benefitted. Conclusions: The ABArK scheme and service utilisation by the study population were inadequate. The lack of adequate awareness and poor communication between health workers are the major factors for under-utilization of the scheme.

15.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-217111

RÉSUMÉ

Background: As access to vital health services expands and universal health coverage is attained, health insurance is projected to serve as a critical risk protection for families and small enterprises. Aim: To assess the informal sector’s awareness, willingness, and problems in enrolling in the state national health insurance program. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was done in Benin City, Nigeria, in the unorganized sector. A self-structured questionnaire was created, distributed, and retrieved for this study, which was conducted among 155 artisans chosen through a stratified random sample procedure. To evaluate the data, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, SPSS version 22 was used. Results: In total, 138 people (89.0%) are aware of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS), while only 93 people (60.0%) know that Edo state has a state-owned Health Insurance Scheme (SHIS). Only 17 people, or 11.0%, are engaged in the NHIS/SHIS program, whereas 107 people, or 77.5%, have expressed interest. Lack of accessibility to authorized healthcare facilities near house 22 (71.0%) is a significant deterrent to enrollment in the program. Long lines at service points (3.88, 1.093), the time it takes to enroll new members in the program (3.78, 1.101), the time it takes for health maintenance organizations to issue authorization codes (3.62, 1.316), the accessibility of NHIS services outside of registration institutions (3.29, 1.289), and the standard of drugs provided by the SHIS (3.12, 1.358) are all factors that hinder utilization. Sex and place of residence each strongly correlated with readiness to sign up for the program (AOR = 4.234, P = 0.017, 95% CI: 1.293–13.873 and AOR = 5.224, P = 0.007, 95% CI: 1.557–17.530, respectively). Conclusion: The artisans have a low rate of health insurance coverage but are eager to sign up for the program. State policymakers should increase their reach and make enrollment required to attain a higher range.

16.
China Pharmacy ; (12): 710-713, 2023.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM | ID: wpr-965510

RÉSUMÉ

OBJECTIVE To mine the safety signals of FOLFOX scheme and FOLFIRI scheme-induced hepatotoxicity, and to provide reference for the selection of clinical rational treatment plan and the prevention and treatment of drug adverse reaction (ADR). METHODS Reporting odds ratio method and proportion report ratio method were used to analyze adverse drug event (ADE) reports of FOLFOX scheme and FOLFIRI scheme in FDA adverse event reporting system during January 1, 2004-June 30, 2022. The potential safety signals of FOLFOX scheme and FOLFIRI scheme-induced hepatotoxicity were mined. RESULTS The amounts of ADE reports related to FOLFOX scheme and FOLFIRI scheme were respectively 3 454 and 1 359; the proportions of male and female patients involved were 1.50∶1 and 1.67∶1 in these two schemes, respectively. The top five countries with the largest number of reports were the United States, Japan, France, Italy and the United Kingdom, respectively accounting for 58.48% and 53.79% of the total reported cases. More than 90% of patients took no more than 5 drugs in combination, the proportion of patients receiving FOLFOX scheme and FOLFIRI scheme combined with anti-angiogenic drugs or epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors was 45.45% and 86.82%, respectively. Totally 443 ADE reports of FOLFOX scheme-induced hepatotoxicity were collected, and 22 ADR signals were generated, including hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, nodular regenerative hyperplasia, drug-induced liver injury, blood bilirubin increased, etc. Totally 128 ADE reports of FOLFIRI scheme- induced hepatotoxicity were reported, and 9 ADR signals were generated, including blood bilirubin increased, hepatotoxicity, steatohepatitis, hepatic steatosis, etc. CONCLUSIONS FOLFOX scheme and FOLFIRI scheme can cause different types of hepatotoxicity. Clinical drug monitoring should be strengthened to guarantee drug safety.

17.
China Pharmacy ; (12): 1793-1797, 2023.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM | ID: wpr-979925

RÉSUMÉ

OBJECTIVE To provide a reference for strengthening the post-admission management of drugs on the medicare formulary in China. METHODS The basic situation, implementation process and effect of post-market reviews (PMR) were introduced after marketing approval of the Australian pharmaceutical benefits scheme (PBS) subsidized medicines. The suggestions were put forward for post-admission management of medicare formulary drugs in China. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS PMR system exemplified Australia’s concept of life-cycle management of medicines on the PBS catalogue; as a mechanism for managing the admission and adjustment of PBS medicines, it provided a continuous evaluation of medicines in the PBS catalogue; the process mainly included two types: the pre-initiation process of PBS drug review and the PBS drug review process, involving steps such as drug selection, determination of review scope, and implementation management. Through PMR, Australia had completed the review of multiple medicines in nine treatment areas including diabetes, childhood asthma and Alzheimer’s disease in the PBS catalogue. The author suggests that China can improve the post-admission review of medicines at the institutional level (clarifying the selection criteria and methods of the review object, main procedures and responsible parties, and ensuring the transparency of the review process); specify the National Healthcare Security Administration or the third-party organization until a special technical organization is established to take charge of this work; at the same time, further improve the construction of data collection and monitoring systems.

18.
Modern Clinical Nursing ; (6): 65-72, 2023.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1022102

RÉSUMÉ

Objective To propose an integrated management scheme for perineal pain after vaginal delivery.Methods Literature review and Delphi inquiry were conducted to propose the perineal pain management scheme after vaginal delivery from November 2022 to April 2023.A total of 21 experts were consulted with 2 rounds of correspondence.Results Questionnaires collected from the two rounds of correspondence consultations were both at 100.0%.The expert authority coefficients for the two rounds were 0.930 and 0.935,respectively,with the expert coordination coefficients of the two rounds at 0.109(P<0.001)and 0.392(P<0.001),full mark rate 100%.A total of 3 primary items,15 secondary items and 40 tertiary items were summarised for the perineal pain management scheme after vaginal delivery in relation to prenatal prophylaxis,intrapartum protection and postnatal treatment.Conclusions The developed perineal pain management scheme after vaginal delivery is scientific and reliable.It provides a scientific reference for the prevention and treatment of perineal pain after vaginal delivery.

19.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1030733

RÉSUMÉ

ObjectiveTo solve the problems of delayed growth and development and insufficient spawning of experimental Zebrafish, so as to improve the reproductive efficiency and service life of experimental Zebrafish. MethodsThe zebrafish at the age of 2 months after fertilization were divided into two groups. The experimental group was fed with dry commercial diets specifically designed for ornamental fish or frozen adult brine shrimp, while control group was fed with live laval brine shrimp. Within a period of 70 days, the growth performance of the zebrafish was evaluated by measuring body length and weight, and the reproductive performance was assessed by measuring the fecundity and spawning rate. Zebrafish with apparent goiter disease were fed with dry commercial diets, and the inhibitory effect of the pellets on this disease was evaluated by measuring the diameter of the thyroid enlargement lesion. The three feeding methods were combined, and the feeding plan was optimized. The actual effects of the plan on zebrafish rearing were validated through reproductive performance tests. ResultsStarting from 60 days post-fertilization (dpf) until 111 dpf, the body length and weight of the dry commercial diets feed group gradually surpassed those of control group (all P<0.000 1). From 60 dpf to 96 dpf, the growth trend in body length of the adult brine shrimp group was similar to that of control group, but the female fish in the adult brine shrimp group had significantly higher body weight than the female fish in control group at 75-82 dpf (P<0.000 1). Compared to control group, there was a significant difference in body color between males and females in the adult brine shrimp group, and at 75 dpf, gender could be accurately distinguished by body color differences. Furthermore, the spawning rate of the zebrafish in the adult brine shrimp group at 3 months of age was significantly higher than that of control group (94.44% vs. 27.78%, P<0.05). Additionally, after feeding with the dry commercial diets for 130 days, all thyroid enlargement lesions in the experimental zebrafish disappeared. Based on the above results, the three feeding methods were combined and the feeding plan for zebrafish older than 2 months of age was optimized as follows: feed live brine shrimp in the morning, and alternate between dry commercial diets and adult brine shrimp in the afternoon. This feeding plan lasts until the age of 12 months. The spawning rate of Zebrafish can maintan 70%, and the spawning amount can reach (233.6±3.95) eggs. The fertilization rate and hatching rate were 97.47% and 90.24%, respectively, both significantly higher than those of control group (P<0.001, or P=0.01). ConclusionCompared to live brine shrimp feed, the dry commercial diets feed significantly improves the growth performance of zebrafish and has a therapeutic effect on thyroid enlargement disease. On the other hand, adult brine shrimp feed significantly enhances the early reproductive performance of zebrafish. The optimized feeding plan successfully improves the spawning efficiency of laboratory zebrafish, prolonging their reproductive lifespan and better supporting relevant scientific research.

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Article de Chinois | WPRIM | ID: wpr-990406

RÉSUMÉ

Objective:To develop an implementation protocol of clinical decision-support system about pediatric parenteral nutrition administration based on Guideline Implementation with Decision Support Checklist.Methods:From November to December 2021, using 4 dimensions and 16 items of Guideline Implementation with Decision Support Checklist, an multidisciplinary expert consultation was conducted, based on the previous clinical decision-support system and implementation protocol draft, to identify qualitative suggestions and quantitative assessment, and form the final protocol.Results:According to the Guideline Implementation with Decision Support Checklist, experts evaluated the implementation protocol draft, ranked the scores of 4 dimensions, system, content, context, and implementation, successively. Based on 12 updated suggestions, the final protocol included 4 dimensions and 12 interventions, including CDS updates, preparation before launching, experimental application and promotion, and systematic monitoring.Conclusions:The development of Guideline Implementation with Decision Support Checklist-based implementation protocol of clinical decision-support system about pediatric parenteral nutrition administration facilitated the thorough and structured consideration and agreement of multidisciplinary team, thus to optimize protocol and provide foundation for clinical practice.

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