Primer Centro Especializado Ambulatorio en Cuba y sus resultados en tres años de trabajo / First Specialized Ambulatory Center in Cuba and its results in three years

Este trabajo tiene el propósito de exponer los resultados del trabajo del Centro Especializado Ambulatorio Héroes de Playa Girón adjunto al Hospital General Universitario Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima tras tres años de su puesta en marcha. Estudio descriptivo para el cual se tuvieron en cuenta los principales indicadores del Hospital General desde el 2007 hasta el 2012. A partir de septiembre de 2009, apertura del Centro Especializado Ambulatorio, se incluyeron sus indicadores conjuntamente con los anteriores. Los datos se obtuvieron de los informes estadísticos anuales de ambos recintos hospitalarios. La apertura del Centro Especializado permitió un incremento en la cirugía mayor ambulatoria en el Hospital General; en el Centro Especializado, en el 2010, 2011 y 2012, se realizaron el 36,2; 43,9 y el 41,1 por ciento respectivamente del total de la cirugía mayor electiva ambulatoria realizada en el Hospital General. Las intervenciones realizadas con mayor frecuencia fueron: herniorrafías, hemorroidectomía, colecistectomía por cirugía mínimamente invasiva, extirpación de tumores de partes blandas, intervenciones ginecológicas del suelo pélvico, cirugías ortopédicas y entre otras. El Centro Especializado asumió el 20 por ciento del total de pacientes vistos en la consulta del Hospital General. En los tres años de trabajo se hospitalizaron 3 119 pacientes, la mayoría en el servicio de rehabilitación y la enfermedad más frecuente para rehabilitar fue la cerebrovascular. El Centro Especializado Ambulatorio, desde su apertura, contribuye a disminuir la carga asistencial del Hospital General, ofrece un servicio de alta calidad y juega un importante papel en el desarrollo de la cirugía ambulatoria en Cienfuegos(AU)

This paper was aimed at putting forward the work results of Heroes de Playa Giron specialized ambulatory center subordinated to Dr Gustavo Aldereguia Lima general university hospital after three years of operation. This descriptive study took into account the main indicators of the general hospital from 2007 through 2012. As from September 2009, the date of opening of the specialized ambulatory center, these indicators were jointly included with the above-mentioned. Data were collected from the yearly statistical reports of both hospital facilities. The opening of the Center allowed increasing the number of ambulatory major surgeries in the general hospital, since 36.2 percent, 43.9 percent and 41.1 percent of the total number of ambulatory elective major surgeries recorded in the hospital were performed in 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively, in this specialized center. The most frequent were herniorraphies, hemorrhoidectomy, colecistectomy through minimally invasive technique, excision of soft tissue tumors, gynecological treatments of the pelvic floor, orthopedic surgeries and others. The Specialized Center gave service to 20 percent of the total number of patients seen at the outpatient service in the general hospital. In three years, 3 119 patients were admitted to the hospital, most of them in the rehabilitation service and the most treated disease was the cerebrovascular one. Since its opening, the Specialized Ambulatory Center has contributed to reduce the medical assistance burden of the general hospital, provides high quality service and plays a key role in the development of ambulatory surgery in Cienfuegos province(AU)

Frequência das cefaleias primárias na comunidade e em centros de cuidados especializados / Frequency of primary headaches in the community and in specialized care centers

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A comparação entre as características da cefaleia encontradas na população geral e em centros de cuidados terciários pode elucidar fatores associados à procura de consulta médica e obstáculos ao atendimento. O objetivo deste estudo foi contrastar os achados demográficos e a frequência de migrânea e de cefaleia do tipo tensional (CTT) na população geral e em um centro de atendimento especializado. MÉTODO: Todos os habitantes de uma pequena cidade foram entrevistados quanto à presença de cefaleia. Em uma região, escolhida por sorteio, os moradores que responderam positivamente foram avaliados por uma equipe de neurologistas especialistas em cefaleia. Esses profissionais também avaliaram uma casuística de pacientes atendidos consecutivamente em um centro especializado. Os diagnósticos seguiram os critérios da Classificação Internacional das Cefaleias-2004. RESULTADOS: Foram entrevistados 1.605 moradores em toda cidade e 258 na região da amostra. Destes, os 76 que tinham cefaleia passaram por avaliação neurológica, bem como 289 pacientes do centro especializado. As mulheres representaram a maioria, tanto na comunidade quanto no ambulatório. Na população, a frequência de CTT foi de 77,6% e a de migrânea de 61,8%, havendo sobreposição diagnóstica em boa parcela dos casos. Já no ambulatório a vasta maioria dos pacientes tinham migrânea (79,8%), enquanto apenas 20,4% tinham CTT, sendo a associação diagnóstica bem menos comum. CONCLUSÃO: A CTT é mais comum na comunidade e a migrânea em centros especializados. Conhecer os contrastes destas cefaleias primárias nestes dois cenários pode auxiliar o planejamento de ações preventivas e utilização dos recursos assistenciais.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The comparison of headache features in general population and in tertiary care centers may explain factors associated to the search for medical assistance and the obstacles to such assistance. This study aimed at comparing demographic findings and the frequency of migraine and tension headache (THA) in general population and in a specialized care center. METHOD: All inhabitants of a small village were interviewed about the presence of headache. In one randomly selected region, people who answered positively were evaluated by a team of neurologists specialized in headache. They have also evaluated a number of patients consecutively treated by a specialized center. Diagnoses have followed International Headaches Classification criteria (2004). RESULTS: Participated in this study 1605 inhabitants of the whole village and 258 inhabitants of the region selected as sample. From these, 76 people reporting headache went through a neurological evaluation, as well as 289 patients of the specialized center. THA was the most common headache among general population (77.6%), followed by migraine (61.8%) with diagnostic overlapping in a good percentage of cases. In the outpatient setting the vast majority of patients had migraine (79.8%), while only 20.4% had THA, being the diagnostic association far less common. CONCLUSION: THA is more common in the community and migraine prevails in specialized centers. Understanding the contrasts of both primary headaches within these two scenarios may help the planning of preventive actions and the use of health care resources.