Perceived stress and sleep quality among patients visiting primary and community health centres in Kerala: COVID-19 pandemic context

Background: The quality of sleep, a multifaceted construct encompassing factors such as duration, continuity, and depth, plays a pivotal role in cognitive function, while perceived stress, the subjective appraisal of stressors and one's ability to cope with them, has been identified as a significant factor affecting various aspects of individuals' lives. The present study aimed to investigate “Perceived stress and sleep quality among patients who visited community and primary health centers in Kerala during the COVID-19 pandemic”. Methods: The sample of the study consist of 60 patients aged between 18 and 50, who visited community and primary health centers in Kerala. Questionnaire for Perceived Stress Scale – Malayalam Version and Sleep Quality Scale were used in this study. Results: Findings of the study reveals that the patients visiting community and primary health centers in Kerala during the COVID-19 pandemic experience slightly elevated levels of perceived stress, closely aligned with general stress scores. However, their sleep quality remains largely normal, with only minor deviations. Conclusions: The study reveals a negative impact of pandemic-related stress on sleep timing and quality among these patients. Consequently, it underscores the importance of addressing both stress levels and sleep quality during such public health crises.

A study to assess perceived stress, life events and prevalence of dissociative experiences in patients with anxiety disorders

Background: Anxiety disorders are characterized by a central theme of intense subjective distress and apprehension of impending danger. Dissociation has been frequently associated in such patients, where it acts as a defense mechanism that allows temporary relief. Previous studies have also shown that more number of life events and higher perceived stress are seen in patients of anxiety disorder, which may even act as predictors of developing the disease. Addressing these factors may contribute to improved understanding of underlying psychopathology and better treatment outcomes. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, 1 year time bound study. As per calculation from prevalence, 161 participants were selected as sample population with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Socio-demographic data was collected, appropriate scales were administered to assess the required parameters and statistical analysis was carried out thereafter. Results: We found that 21.74% patients had dissociative experience, 40.37% patients had perceived stress during last month, 53.4% had less/moderate stress and 39.1% patients had severe stress. Most frequently occurring life event was financial loss or problem. Statistically significant association was found between total life events score and socio-demographic variables. Mean dissociative experience scale score was positively correlated with total perceived stress scale score and total life event score. Total perceived stress scale score was also positively correlated with total life event score. Conclusions: Anxiety disorder patients had high levels of dissociation, perceived stress and life events, and these three parameters were also correlated with each other.

Predictive Factors for Suicidal Behaviors among University Students in the North-Central Region of Mexico / Factores predictores de conductas suicidas en estudiantes universitarios de la Región Norte-Centro de México

Abstract Introduction Suicide is a public health problem with multifactorial etiology affecting all age groups. In Mexico, the suicide rate was 6.5 suicides per 100,000 population in 2021. Objective To determine the predictive factors for suicidal behaviors (SB) in college students in the north-central region of Mexico. Method A descriptive, comparative, analytical study was conducted of 1,147 randomly selected college students. Sociodemographic data, alcohol consumption (AC), perceived stress (PS), social support (SS) and suicidal behavior (SB), suicidal ideation (SI), suicide attempt (SA) and suicide risk (SR) were measured. Data analysis in SPSS included descriptive and inferential statistics. Results The mean age of study participants was 20.2 years, with a female predominance (82.2%). Prevalence rates for SB were 62% for SI, 14.9% for SA, and 18.3% for SR. In regard to predictive factors for SB, risky, harmful, or dependent AC increased SR 1.7-fold [1.071-2.926]. At the same time, not having SS increased the risk of SI, SA, and SR by a factor of 2.4 [1.843-3.246], 2.7 [1.890-4.123], and 3.6 respectively. Higher PS increased the risk of SI, SA, and SR by a factor of 5.6 [4.209-7.538], 3.1[2.103-4.663] and 6.4 [4.184-9.826] respectively. PS and lack of SS predict SB in both sexes and across all states. Discussion and Conclusion The results show the importance of mental health care, in both epidemiologically risky situations and everyday life, together with the early identification, and timely, effective treatment of suicide risk factors in university students.

Resumen Introducción El suicidio, problema de salud pública de etiología multifactorial que afecta a todos grupos de edad. En México, la tasa en 2021 fue de 6.5 suicidios por cada 100,000 habitantes. Objetivo Determinar factores predictores de conductas suicidas (CS) en estudiantes universitarios de la Región Norte-Centro de México. Método Estudio descriptivo, comparativo y analítico, realizado en 1147 estudiantes universitarios, seleccionados aleatoriamente. Se midieron datos sociodemográficos, consumo de alcohol (CA), estrés percibido (EP), apoyo social (AS) y CS (ideación suicida [IS], intento suicida [SA] y riesgo suicida [RS]). Análisis de datos en SPSS, incluyó estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados Edad promedio 20.2 años, género femenino 82.2%. En la prevalencia de CS, el 62% mostró IdS, 14.9% con InS, y 18.3% con RS. Respecto a los factores predictores de CS, el CA de riesgo, perjudicial o dependiente aumentó 1.7 [1.071-2.926] veces el RS. Por otra parte, el no contar con AS aumentó 2.4 [1.843-3.246], 2.7 [1.890-4.123], y 3.6 veces el riesgo de IdS, InS y RS respectivamente; a mayor EP, aumentó 5.6 [4.209-7.538], 3.1 [2.103-4.663] y 6.4 [4.184-9.826] veces el riesgo de IdS, InS y RS respectivamente. El EP y la falta AS predicen las CS en ambos géneros y en todos los estados. Discusión y conclusión Los resultados evidencian la importancia del cuidado de la salud mental de manera cotidiana, así como la identificación temprana, tratamiento oportuno y efectivo de factores de riesgo de suicidio en universitarios.

Effectiveness of Benson’s Relaxation Technique In Stressed PCOD Women

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrinological disorder in women, causing metabolic dysfunction and body composition changes. As of June 30, 2022, WHO estimates indicate over 116 million women (3.4%) globally are affected by PCOS. Stress, defined as worry and mental tension from difficult situations, is a major contributor to reproductive dysfunction. Reports increasingly highlight stress’s role in PCOS manifestation. The study aims to assess the Benson relaxation technique’s effectiveness in alleviating stress in women with PCOS.Aim: To determine the effectiveness of Benson’s relaxation technique in stressed PCOD.Methodology: Study Design: Experimental study, Study setting: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital, Department of Physiotherapy, Bangalore -560045 Sample design: Purposive sampling. Sample size: 30 patients.Result: A significant reduction in stress among PCOD women was observed with the use of Benson’s Relaxation Technique. The pre-perceived stress score before the technique was 22.63±5.26, decreasing to 18.23±5.98 post-intervention. The enhancement score was 4.40, with a t-value of 11.08. The analysis indicates a substantial stress reduction among PCOD women using Benson’s Relaxation Technique, as assessed through the Perceived Stress Scale (p<0.001).Conclusion: The study conclusively demonstrated the efficacy of Benson’s Relaxation Technique in alleviating stress among women with PCOD. The analysis revealed a significant shift in stress levels, with 33.4% transitioning from high to moderate stress, 30.3% from moderate to low, and 30% maintaining moderate stress. Only 3.3% had persistent low stress, and the same percentage had persistent high stress. The pre-intervention stress score was 22.63526, decreasing to 18.2315.98 post-intervention, yielding a noteworthy enhancement score of 4.40. This signifies a statistically significant reduction in perceived stress (p<0.001), supported by a t-value of 11.08.

Relationship between college students’ perceived stress and their suicidal ideation: multiple mediating effect of resilience and depression / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To explore the relationship between perceived stress and suicidal ideation as well as the mediating effect of resilience and depression. 【Methods】 A sample of 875 college students was recruited for the study to complete a set of self-report measures of Chinese Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS), the Resiliency Scale of University Students, Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire, and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). 【Results】 ①College students’ perceived stress and depression had significantly positive correlation with their suicidal ideation, while the students’ resilience had a significantly negative correlation with their perceived stress and depression. ②Perceived stress did not affect suicidal ideation of the college students directly, but indirectly affected their suicidal ideation through three significant mediating pathways: the separate mediating effects of (a) resilience and (b) depression, and the serial mediating effect of (c) resilience and depression. 【Conclusion】 Resilience and depression exert a chain mediating effect between perceived stress and suicidal ideation of college students.

Influence of perceived stress on executive function： the path of self-hate and negative affect in adolescents / 四川精神卫生

BackgroundThe development of executive function in adolescents is influenced by many environmental factors. Previous studies have found that perceived stress is closely related to executive function， whereas its role in the mediation of executive function remains poorly studied. ObjectiveTo explore the role of negative affect and self-hate in mediating the relationship between perceived stress and executive function in adolescents， so as to assist the improvement of executive function in adolescents. MethodsQuestionnaires were administered to 7 734 adolescents from five junior and five senior high schools in Rizhao city， Shandong province from 1 to 30 May 2022. Data were collected using a self-made questionnaire， and adolescents were assessed using Perceived Stress Scale （PSS）， Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Self Report Version （BRIEF-SR）， Patient Health Questionnaire （PHQ-4） and Self-Hate Scale （SHS）. Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to examine the correlation between variables. A Bootstrap method was chosen to examine the mediation effect of self-hate and negative affect on the relationship between perceived stress and executive function in adolescents. ResultsA total of 7 012 （90.66%） valid questionnaires were retrieved. BRIEF-SR score was positively correlated with PSS， PHQ-4 and SHS scores （r=0.564， 0.653， 0.597， P<0.01）. PSS score was positively correlated with PHQ-4 and SHS scores （r=0.615， 0.531， P<0.01）. PHQ-4 score was positively correlated with SHS score （r=0.566， P<0.01）. The value of mediation effect of perceived stress on executive function was 0.574 （95% CI： 0.555~0.594）. Self-hate （indirect effect value of 0.160， 95% CI： 0.145~0.175） and negative affect （indirect effect value of 0.143， 95% CI： 0.129~0.158）， separately from each other， mediated the relationship between perceived stress and executive function， and a chained mediation effect of self-hate and negative affect was also documented （indirect effect value of 0.065， 95% CI： 0.058~0.073）， accounting for 27.87%， 24.91% and 11.32% of the total effect， respectively. ConclusionThe perceived stress of adolescents may be a influencing factor of the executive function. Additionally， perceived stress can either directly affect executive function or indirectly through the separate or chained mediation via negative affect and self-hate.

Relation between neuroticism and tendency of mobile phone addiction among nursing undergraduates： the mediating role of perceived stress and self-control / 四川精神卫生

BackgroundNegative effects of mobile phone addiction on undergraduate students have led to several health problems including depression， anxiety， attention deficit disorder， cognitive impairment and sleep disturbance. The undergraduate nursing students serve as an important reserve force of the clinical nursing work， and their poor psychological health would have a non-ignorable impact on the quality of the nursing work and the nurse-patient relationship in the future. ObjectiveTo investigate the relation between neuroticism and tendency of mobile phone addiction among undergraduate nursing students， and to examine the pathways through which perceived stress and self-control play a role in the relation by constructing a chain-mediated model. MethodsFrom February to March 2023， a total of 900 undergraduate nursing students across 10 universities in Xi'an， Shaanxi Province were selected through convenient sampling method. Several scales were adopted to assess undergraduate nursing students respectively， including the neuroticism subscale of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chines （EPQ-RSC）， Perceived Stress Scale （PSS）， Self-Control Scale （SCS） and Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale （MPATS）. The assessment were conducted on multiple aspects of these students including neurotic personality， subjective stress， self-control and mobile phone addiction tendency. Model 6 in the SPSS Macro Process 4.1 was used to examine the mediating effect of perceived stress and self-control between neuroticism and mobile phone addiction tendency among undergraduate nursing students. Results① Among the 900 students， 314 cases （34.89%） were found to be addicted to mobile phones. ② The score of neuroticism subscale in EPQ-RSC of nursing undergraduates was positively correlated with the total scores of PSS and MPATS （r=0.400， 0.287， P<0.01）， and negatively correlated with score of SCS （r=-0.364， P<0.01）. The total score of MPATS was positively correlated with the total score of PSS （r=0.362， P<0.01）， and negatively correlated with the total score of SCS （r=-0.468， P<0.01）. The total score of SCS was negatively correlated with the total score of PSS （r=-0.515， P<0.01）. ③ Perceived stress and self-control performed partial mediation between neuroticism personality and mobile phone addiction tendency （with indirect effect values of 0.056 and 0.065， respectively， accounting for 19.72% and 22.89% of the total effect）. Perceived stress and self-control played a chain mediating role between neuroticism personality and mobile phone addiction tendency （with an indirect effect value of 0.064， accounting for 22.54% of the total effect）. ConclusionNeuroticism personality， perceived stress and self-control are confirmed to play important roles in mobile phone addiction tendency among undergraduate nursing students. Neuroticism personality not only directly affects the tendency of mobile phone addiction， but also affects their mobile phone addiction tendency through the chain mediating effect of perceived stress and self-control.［Funded by The 2020 Annual Project of the 13th Five-Year Plan of Education Science in Shaanxi Province （number， SGH20Y1386）］

Relationship among anxiety,perceived stress and forbearance in college students / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To explore the relationship of anxiety,perceived stress and forbearance in the college students.Methods:Totally 3 056 college students(1 102 males and 1 954 females)in Guangdong Province were re-cruited and assessed with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale(GAD-7 score of ≥10 indicates positive anxiety symptoms),Perceived Stress Scale(PSS-10),and Forbearance Scale(FS).SPSS Process model 2 was used to test the moderating effect of different types of forbearance.Results:Totally 486(15.9％)college students had anxiety.The PSS-10 scores were positively correlated with the GAD-7 scores(β=0.63),and FS scores of repres-sive forbearance and active forbearance played a moderating role between the PSS-10 scores and the GAD-7 scores respectively(β=0.05,-0.04).Conclusion:It suggests that anxiety and perceived stress are correlated with for-bearance in college students,and repressive forbearance and active forbearance may moderate the relationship be-tween perceived stress and anxiety.

Eating behaviors mediate the relationship between perceived stress and anthropometric measurements related to obesity in young adults / Comportamentos alimentares medeiam a relação entre estresse percebido e medidas antropométricas relacionadas à obesidade em adultos jovens

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of perceived stress, eating behaviors and anthropometric measurements related to obesity in the university students. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out with 658 university students (128 males, 530 females). A questionnaire comprising socio-demographic characteristics, eating habits, perceived stress using the Perceived Stress Scale-14, eating behaviors assessed with the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire and measured anthropometric parameters was administered by researchers. Results Perceived stress was higher in pre-obesity/obese participants compared to those were underweight and had normal weight (p<0.001). Emotional and external eating behaviors were higher in pre-obesity/obese participants compared to others (p<0.001). The total score of the Perceived Stress Scale-14 showed significant correlations with body mass index (r=0.245, p<0.001), hip circumference (r=0.223, p<0.001), mid-upper arm circumference (r=0.248, p<0.001) and triceps skinfold thickness (r=0.178, p<0.001). In addition, after adjusting for mediators, a positive association was detected between the perceived stress score and body mass index (β=0.358, 95% CI [0.185, 0.531], p<0.001). Increased Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire score showed a mediating effect in this relationship (β=0.073, 95% CI [0.056, 0.091], p<0.001). Conclusion The findings of this study suggest a notable correlation between perceived stress, eating behaviors, and anthropometric measurements associated with obesity in university students. Enhancing stress coping strategies for individuals could potentially lead to improvements in eating behaviors and reduce risk of obesity.

RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a associação do estresse percebido, dos comportamentos alimentares e das medidas antropométricas relacionadas à obesidade em universitários. Métodos Um estudo transversal foi realizado com 658 estudantes universitários (128 homens, 530 mulheres). Por meio de um questionário, indagou-se sobre as características sociodemográficas, alguns hábitos alimentares, estresse percebido com Perceived Stress Scale-14, comportamentos alimentares com o Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire e medidas antropométricas e medidas por pesquisadores. Resultados O estresse percebido foi maior em participantes pré-obesos/obesos em comparação ao baixo peso e normais (p<0.001). A alimentação emocional e externa foi maior nos participantes pré-obesos/obesos em relação aos demais (p<0.001). Além disso, a pontuação total Perceived Stress Scale-14 foi determinada significativamente correlacionada ao índice de massa corporal (r=0.245, p<0.001), circunferência do quadril (r=0.223, p<0.001), circunferência do braço (r=0.248, p<0.001), e dobra cutânea tricipital (r=0.178, p<0.001). Ademais, quando o efeito dos mediadores foi levado em consideração, a relação positiva entre o escore de estresse percebido e o índice de massa corporal foi mantida (β=0.358, IC 95% [0.185, 0.531], p <0.001). O aumento do escore Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire teve um efeito mediado nessa relação (β=0.073, IC 95% [0.056, 0.091], p<0.001). Conclusão Os resultados deste estudo indicam que há uma relação significativa entre estresse percebido, comportamentos alimentares e medidas antropométricas relacionadas à obesidade em estudantes universitários. Melhorar as estratégias de enfrentamento do estresse para os indivíduos pode acurar os comportamentos alimentares e reduzir o risco de obesidade.

Academic passion, perceived stress and sleep quality evaluated among medical students of private medical colleges in North Kerala

Background: Passionate doctors are required for a better health care system. Increased professional and academic requirements increase risk of developing stress and sleep disruption. This study aims to determine the academic passion, stress and sleep quality among medical students and explore the associations among them, which helps to create awareness to improve the mental and physical health of future doctors. Methods: This cross-sectional study among 649 MBBS students was done at 3 private medical colleges in North Kerala during 2019-2020 using a semi-structured 31-item questionnaire containing 4 sections: socio-demographic information, academic passion, perceived stress, and sleep quality. Data collected in 30 minutes from study participants in campus setting was entered in MS excel and analyzed using SPSS-20. Result: A 61.6% were women and 38.4% were men. 48% had chosen the profession because of parental pressure, relatives and friends. 51% were passionate about the medical profession. 69% of students were under high perceived stress (mean PSI score 33.54±8.71 SD). 48% of students were poor sleepers (mean PSQI score 6.11±3.45). A 15.6% of participants relied on medication for sleep at least once a month. Passion showed a significant association with stress (p<0.001) and sleep (p<0.001). Passionate students had less perceived stress and lower sleep quality. Conclusions: Apart from one's own desire, other factors influenced students to choose MBBS. Only half of the participants were passionate. There is a high prevalence of stress and poor sleep quality among medical students. Passion has an imperative role in one’s life quality.

Prevalence and correlates of social networking addiction and its association with adult ADHD and stress among students of a medical college

Introduction: Repeated use of social network is said to cause addiction. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is disorder found in childhood. Studies have shown that such children continue to have the symptoms of ADHD as adults. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of social networking addiction and Internet addiction and their relationship with ADHD. Also, to assess the relationship between perceived stress and sociodemographic factors with social networking and internet addiction. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 undergraduate and postgraduate students of BMCRI after ethical clearance. Medical students who gave consent were included through stratified random sampling. Those who were taking treatment for psychiatric illness were excluded. Scales like the Young Internet addiction test (IAT); Bergen’s Facebook Reporting Scale, ADHD Self-Reporting Scale, and Wender Utah Brief Rating Scale for ADHD, and Cohen Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) for perceived stress have been used. Results: The mean age was found to be 21.56 ± 3 years. 62.6% were males and 37.33% of were females. The prevalence of Internet addiction was found to be 23.3% (n = 35), with 2% (n = 3) were having severe addiction, 6.6% (n = 10) were having moderate Internet and 14.6% (n = 22) having mild internet addiction according to modified Young’s criteria (2011). The prevalence of social networking addiction as per the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS) score was 4.66% and adult ADHD was 15%. There was a strong positive correlation (0.76) between Internet Addiction and Facebook addiction scores and between BFAS score and IAT score. A moderate positive correlation (0.46 and 0.47) between Internet addiction and Facebook addiction with perceived stress and ADHD and IAT score with PSS score and ASRS score, weak positive correlation with PSS score and ASRS score was observed. Conclusion: A significant proportion of medical students develop Internet addiction and minority develops social network addiction. Furthermore, perceived stress and ADHD scores are positively correlated with internet and social networking addiction.

Estresse percebido entre estudantes de graduação: fatores associados, a influência do modelo ENEM/SiSU e possíveis consequências sobre a saúde / Perceived stress among undergraduate students: associated factors, influence of the ENEM/SiSU model, and its possible consequences on health

RESUMO Objetivo: Medir os níveis de estresse percebido, os fatores associados, em especial o impacto da escolha e satisfação com o curso, bem como as possíveis consequências desse desfecho entre graduandos. Métodos: Estudo transversal conduzido em 2019 com 996 estudantes de graduação de uma universidade pública no Sul do Brasil. A amostragem foi realizada de forma sistemática por conglomerados em único estágio. O desfecho foi avaliado por meio da Escala de Estresse Percebido. As análises de fatores associados e possíveis consequências foram realizadas por meio de regressão linear múltipla e regressão de Poisson, respectivamente. Resultados: O escore médio de estresse percebido foi de 31,1 (DP = 9). Indivíduos do sexo feminino, de orientação sexual não heterossexual, mais pobres, com insegurança alimentar, com medo de violência no bairro, com percepção de difícil acesso a serviço psicológico e com menor suporte social foram os mais estressados. Participantes mais velhos e com algum nível de atividade física foram menos estressados. A insatisfação com o curso atual, e não o fato de ser o curso desejado no ingresso, foi associada ao estresse. Uso não médico de remédio prescrito, ansiedade generalizada, sintomas depressivos e pior qualidade de sono e de vida foram identificados como possíveis consequências do estresse. Conclusões: O modelo ENEM/SiSU parece não exercer efeito no estresse. Além disso, esse desfecho foi mais elevado entre indivíduos mais vulneráveis, tendo contribuído para diversos desfechos negativos em saúde mental. Recomenda-se o fortalecimento de serviços de assistência estudantil para que esses casos sejam identificados e manejados.

ABSTRACT Objective: To measure levels of perceived stress, associated factors, especially the impact of choice and satisfaction with the course, as well as the possible consequences of this outcome among undergraduates. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in 2019 with 996 undergraduate students from a public university in southern Brazil. Sampling was carried out systematically by single-stage clusters. The outcome was assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale. Analysis of associated factors and possible consequences were performed using multiple linear regression and Poisson regression, respectively. Results: Mean perceived stress score was 31.1 (SD = 9). Female individuals, with non-heterosexual orientation, poorer, with food insecurity, with fear of violence in the neighborhood, with perception of difficult access to psychological services and with less social support were the most stressed. Older participants with some level of physical activity were less stressed. Dissatisfaction with the current course, rather than the fact that it was the desired course prior admission, was associated with high levels of stress. Non-medical use of prescribed medication, generalized anxiety, depressive symptoms, and poorer quality of sleep and life were identified as possible consequences of stress. Conclusions: The ENEM/SiSU model seems to have no effect on stress. Furthermore, this outcome was higher among more vulnerable individuals, having contributed to several negative outcomes in mental health. It is recommended to strengthen student assistance services so that these cases can be identified and managed.

A study on assessment of sleep pattern and perceived stress among geriatric patients in Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata

Background: In addition to risk of developing different non-communicable diseases, chronic diseases, and disabilities with increases of age, elderly people are more likely to suffer from mental and psychological distress and sleep disturbances which are again very much related to other physical problems of elderly. However, these two issues are often neglected and also were not addressed by research work adequately. Aims and Objectives: In above backdrop, our present study was conducted to determine sleep pattern and perceived stress among elderly population and their relationship with sociodemographic parameters. Materials and Methods: An observational descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Geriatric Outpatient Department (OPD) of Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, from August to October 2022, among 161 geriatric OPD patients. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for eliciting sociodemographic information. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and perceived stress scale were used for assessing sleep quality and perceived stress of participants respectively. Data were analyzed in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 20). Results: About 41.2% participants suffered from poor sleep pattern. About 41.2% of geriatric participants had low level of stress and rest had moderate stress. Age and marital status were significantly associated with both sleep pattern and perceived stress. Socioeconomic status was related to sleep score, whereas perceived stress was associated with education of elderly participants. Conclusion: Poor quality of sleep and stress has an impact on other physical health problems of elderly such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Hence, awareness generation among general population and provision of adequate management in elderly health clinics regarding these two issues is required.

Correlation between anxiety and perceived stress among medical personnel in a tertiary specialized cancer hospital / 预防医学

Objective@#To examine the correlation between anxiety and perceived stress among medical personnel in a tertiary specialized cancer hospital, so as to provide the evidence for improving psychological health among medical personnel. @*Methods@#In-service doctors, nurses and technicians were sampled from a tertiary specialized cancer hospital, and their demographics, perceived stress and sources of stress were collected using self-designed questionnaires. Anxiety was evaluated using the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the associations of anxiety with perceived stress and source of stress were examined using a multivariable logistic regression model. @*Results@#A total 800 questionnaires were allocated and 655 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 81.88%. The respondents included 160 men (24.43%) and 495 women (75.57%), and 297 respondents (45.34%) were at ages of 30 to 39 years. There were 14 respondents with no or low level of stress (2.14%), 245 with general level of stress (37.40%), 289 with high level of stress (44.12%), and 107 with extremely high level of stress (16.34%). The prevalence of anxiety was 36.64% among respondents. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified perceived stress at work (OR=2.205, 95%CI: 1.657-2.675), doctor-patient relationship (OR=2.259, 95%CI: 1.561-3.282) and interpersonal relationship (OR=2.272, 95%CI: 1.387-3.693) as a factor affecting anxiety among medical personnel. @*Conclusion@#The anxiety correlates with stress at work, doctor-patient relationship and interpersonal relationship among medical personnel in a tertiary specialized cancer hospital.

Relationship of graduate students’ psychological stress and perceived stress with their mental health / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To explore the relationship of graduate students’ psychological stress and perceived stress with their mental health, and analyze the mediating effect of perceived stress. 【Methods】 We investigated 705 graduate students by Chinese College Student Mental Health Scale (CCSMHS), Chinese College Student Psychological Stress Scale (CCSPSS), and Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS). Correlation and structural equation model analysis was made. 【Results】 The graduate students’ psychological stress and perceived stress had significant correlation with their mental health. SEM analysis showed that perceived stress served as a partial mediation variable between psychological stress and mental health. Psychological stress had direct effects (0.216) for mental health and indirect effects (0.126) through perceived stress. 【Conclusion】 Graduate students’ psychological stress can influence their mental health directly, and can also reduce mental health level by increasing perceived stress. Perceived stress has partial mediating effect between psychological stress and mental health.

The impact of chronic comorbidity in elderly people on relatives’ physical and mental health during the nursing home confinement:A multiple mediator analysis / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To explore the relationship between chronic comorbidity and the physical and mental health of relatives of elderly people during the nursing home confinement, and to analyze the mediating effects of perceived stress and intolerance of uncertainty in this context. 【Methods】 A total of 568 family members of elderly people in nine elderly institutions in Shaanxi Province were selected. The survey included the short version of the Perceived Stress Scale, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, and The World Health Organization-5 Well-being Index. The data were analyzed with Stata for correlation and mediation effects. 【Results】 ① The comorbidities of chronic diseases was positively correlated with the perceived stress (r=0.16, P<0.001) and intolerance of uncertainty (r=0.11, P=0.006) of the family members, but negatively correlated with the physical and mental health of the family members (r=-0.13, P=0.002). ② The mediating effect of perceived stress between chronic disease co-morbidity and physical and mental health of family members in older adults was -0.023, accounting for 18.8% of the total effect; the mediating effect of intolerance of uncertainty between chronic disease co-morbidity and physical and mental health of family members in older adults was -0.041, accounting for 33.5% of the total effect. 【Conclusion】 During closed management in a nursing facility, the physical and mental health of family members of older adults with chronic co-morbidities is poorer than that of family members of non-chronic co-morbidities. And it can lead to a decline in physical and mental health of family members through increased perceived stress and intolerance of uncertainty.

Relation of perceived social support to mental health in prison police： a moderated mediating analysis / 四川精神卫生

BackgroundThe mental health level of the prison police is relatively low， so finding innovative ways to improve the mental health of them is of great significance for the safety of prison supervision and the implementation of peaceful China initiative. ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between perceived social support， perceived stress and psychological resilience with mental health of prison police， and to provide references for improving their mental health. MethodsIn March 2022， 424 policemen working in a male prison in a western province were selected by cluster sampling method， and investigated with the Perceived Social Support Scale （PSSS）， Chinese Perceived Stress Scale （CPSS）， Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale （CD-RISC） and General Health Questionnaire 20 （GHQ-20）， then Process 4.2 was used employed to verify the mediating role of perceived stress as well as the moderating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between perceived social support and mental health. Results①Male subjects scored higher on GHQ-20 than female subjects （t=2.095， P<0.05）. ②CPSS score was negatively correlated with PSSS and GHQ-20 scores （r=-0.670， -0.703， P<0.01）， and GHQ-20 score showed a positive correlation with PSSS and CD-RISC scores （r=0.580， 0.693， P<0.01）. ③Perceived social support positively predict mental health （β=0.154， 95% CI： 0.133~0.175， P<0.01）. ④Perceived stress played a mediating role in the relationship between perceived social support and mental health， and the mediation effect size was 0.087， accounting for 88.78% of the total effect （95% CI： 0.064~0.112， P<0.01）. ⑤Psychological resilience played a moderating role in the second half （perceived stress→mental health） of the mediating path of "perceived social support→perceived stress→mental health"（β=0.074， 95% CI： 0.046~0.102， P<0.01）. ⑥Psychological resilience also regulated the mediation effect of perceived stress on the relationship between perceived social support and mental health ［three regression coefficients tested in turn are significant： a=-0.537 （95% CI： -0.594~-0.480， P<0.01）， b1=-0.162 （95% CI： -0.197~-0.127， P<0.01）， b3=0.074 （95% CI： 0.046~0.102， P<0.01）］. ConclusionPerceived social support of prison police has an impact on their mental health both directly and indirectly through perceived stress. In addition， perceived social support of prison police has a moderated mediation effect on mental health， and it is partially moderated by psychological resilience.［ Funded by General Project of Sichuan Prison Administrative Bureau in 2022］

Effectiveness of the Five Elements Music Therapy in Relieving Stress with Different Cultural Backgrounds / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Objective To explore the effectiveness of the Five Elements Music Therapy(FEMT)in relieving stress in participants with different cultural backgrounds,and to compare the differences between the FEMT and the Western Art Music Therapy(WAMT)in stress relief.Methods This was a comparative pilot randomized pre-post repeated measures study,37 subjects were allocated with 2 dropped out,with an inclusion-ended sample of 35 subjects,23 from Canada and 12 from China.After informed consent,all subjects were randomly assigned to listening to either Five Elements Music or Western Art Music at home for 30 minutes,twice a week for four weeks.Participants were asked to use headphones,measure their pulse rate before and after each session,and fill out five questionnaires,including a background and demographic survey(reporting age,gender,education,cultural background,listening experience).Self-assessment of stress(pre-post after each session),General Hospital Anxiety/Depression Scale(HADS,weekly after 2nd session),Perceived Stress Survey(PSS,weekly after 2nd session),the Music Therapy Intervention Survey(MTIS,pre-post each session).Results ①There was a significant decrease in self-assessed stress scores after the second session in the FEMT compared with the WAMT group(t=-2.057,P=0.046).②In both groups,there was a significant decrease in stress scores pre-post treatment in each group(WAMT t=5.026;FEMT T=7.645,P=0.000).③There was no significant difference between the two groups in post-intervention HADS scores(P>0.05);In the Chinese sample,there was a significant difference in HADS scores after the eighth session in both FEMT and WAMT groups(t=-3.862,P=0.003),and a statistically significant difference in HADS pre-post intervention in the FEMT((t=5.117,P=0.004).There was a significant difference in MTIS pre-post treatment in the WAMT(t=-2.572,P=0.023),but in not the FEMT group(t= 1.331,P=0.207).Conclusion This pilot trial explores a safe and feasible self-administered music therapy approach for stress in two distinct cultural groups,and for the first time provides preliminary comparison and evidence of effectiveness of FEMT and WAMT in alleviating stress and anxiety.Further investigation with bigger randomized samples is needed to elucidate the effects of different kinds of music and cultural groups on stress and anxiety levels.

The mediating effect of emotional intelligence between perceived stress and burnout of nurses in intensive care unit / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore whether there is a mediating role of emotional intelligence between perceived stress and burnout in ICU nurses. Praide a basis for ICU nurses managers to develop corresponding intervention plans.Methods:Using a convenience sampling method, 683 nurses in 15 class A tertiary hospitals were conducted a cross-sectional surrey from January to April 2023 using general information, the Chinese version of the Perceived Stress Scale, the Emotional Intelligence Scale, and the Burnout Scale.Results:Chinese version of the Perceptual Stress Scale Score (45.59 ± 6.70), Emotional Intelligence Scale score (57.06 ± 9.22), Burnout Scale score (54.50 ± 11.63); pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between perceptual stress and burnout ( r = 0.543, P<0.01); emotional intelligence was a negative correlation ( r = -0.465, P<0.01). A negative correlation was found between perceived stress and emotional intelligence ( r = -0.585, P<0.01); emotional intelligence mediated the effect between perceived stress and burnout, accounting for 24.2% of the total effect. Conclusions:Emotional intelligence is a mediating variable between perceived stress and burnout among nurses in ICU. Nursing managers should pay attention to their perceived stress and emotional intelligence levels, regularly assess them, and target take timely interventions to improve emotional management ability and develop resilience to cope with stress, so as to reduce the burnout level of nurses in ICU.

The chain mediating effect of mindfulness and perceived stress between childhood trauma and psychotic-like experiences among college freshmen / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the mediating effects of mindfulness and perceived stress between childhood trauma and psychotic-like experiences.Methods:In October 2021, 602 freshmen from a university in Guangdong Province were tested by childhood trauma questionnaire(CTQ), mindful attention awareness scale(MAAS), perceived stress scale(PSS), and community assessment of psychic experiences(CAPE). SPSS 21.0 and Mplus 8.3 were used for data analysis. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences between groups, and Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation among childhood trauma, mindfulness, perceived stress and psychotic-like experiences. Bias-corrected nonparametric percentile Bootstrap method was used to examine the mediating roles of mindfulness and perceived stress between childhood trauma and psychotic-like experiences. Results:(1) In the past one month, 59.5% of the freshmen had psychotic-like experiences, and 8.5% of them experienced the distress. (2)Childhood trauma was positively correlated with perceived stress( r=0.29, P<0.01), frequency ( r=0.14, P<0.01)and distress( r=0.17, P<0.01) of psychotic-like experiences, and was negatively correlated with mindfulness( r=-0.28, P<0.01). (2)Mindfulness and perceived stress played individual mediating effects and chain mediating effect between childhood trauma and frequency of psychotic-like experiences, with effect size of 0.08, 0.04, 0.03, accounting for 53.33%, 26.67%, 20.00% of the total indirect effect(effect size=0.15), respectively. Mindfulness and perceived stress played individual mediating effects and chain mediating effect between childhood trauma and distress of psychotic-like experiences, with effect size of 0.07, 0.04, 0.03, accounting for 50.00%, 28.57%, 21.43% of the total indirect effect(effect size=0.14), respectively. Conclusion:Childhood trauma can affect psychotic-like experiences and distress through the indirect effects of mindfulness and perceived stress, or through the chain mediating effect of mindfulness-perceived stress.