Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Montrer: 20 | 50 | 100
Résultats 1 - 7 de 7
Filtrer
1.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 30(2): 103-108, 2019.
Article de Espagnol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1052593

RÉSUMÉ

Background. The cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) was first described in 2004. It is considered as a functional gastrointestinal syndrome characterized by the presence of nausea, severe and cyclic morning vomiting, epigastric abdominal pain, hot water bathing for symptom relief, in patients that use cannabis regularly and has a resolution of the syndrome after cessation of cannabis consumption. Clinical Case. Report of a 29 year old male, with daily consumption of cannabis, with history of intense epigastric abdominal pain and recurrent vomiting that partially responded to the use of antispasmodics. After 4 visits to the emergency department he was hospitalized for study and treatment. Laboratory and image exploration are carried out without positive results for organic disease. Therefore, a functional gastrointestinal syndrome is thought, and a cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome was suspected. A psychiatric evaluation is carried out, diagnosing a cannabis use disorder. Discussion and conclusion. CHS is a syndrome that has been described recently and is not usually considered as a differential diagnosis for patients with hyperemesis. However, the current high prevalence of cannabis consumption, will probably lead to a more frequent presentation of the syndrome at different health providers. Therefore, it is important to diffuse and update the knowledge about this syndrome to recognize it and develop a timely treatment, avoiding medical complications from invasive exploratory methods and the use of unnecessary resources. (AU)


Sujet(s)
Humains , Mâle , Adulte , Cannabinoïdes/effets indésirables , Abus de marijuana/physiopathologie , Vomissement/induit chimiquement , Abus de marijuana/complications , Nausée/induit chimiquement
2.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 38(5): 370-379, Nov. 2015. ilus, tab
Article de Portugais | LILACS | ID: lil-772132

RÉSUMÉ

OBJETIVO:Traçar o panorama de adesão mundial à Convenção-Quadro para o Controle do Tabaco (CQCT) e descrever a implantação das medidas preconizadas pela CQCT em países latino-americanos. MÉTODOS: Este estudo descritivo baseou-se em análise de dados secundários para determinar o status de adesão, no ano de 2015, dos países das seis regiões definidas pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) à CQCT. Depois disso, realizou-se um mapeamento da implantação, até o ano de 2012, das medidas preconizadas pela CQCT no total de Estados Partes e particularmente em 12 Estados Partes latino-americanos. Finalmente, Brasil, Chile, Colômbia, México e Venezuela foram avaliados quanto ao grau de implantação da CQCT (incipiente, intermediária e avançada). Foram consideradas neste passo medidas englobadas por quatro eixos - redução da demanda por tabaco, redução da oferta de tabaco, redução dos danos ao ambiente e à saúde das pessoas causados pelo tabaco e apoio ao abandono do tabaco. RESULTADOS: Até agosto de 2015, 180 países haviam ingressado no rol de Estados Partes da CQCT. Considerando os 126 países que enviaram relatórios de progresso global da implantação no ciclo de 2012, as medidas mais prevalentes adotadas referiam-se à proteção contra a exposição à fumaça do tabaco (83,0% para o total de países e 100% para o conjunto de países latinoamericanos). Entre os cinco países selecionados para análise detalhada, as medidas destinadas à redução da demanda e da oferta do tabaco foram as mais frequentes. As medidas relacionadas à redução de danos ao ambiente foram raras. Brasil e México apresentaram a situação mais avançada de implantação entre os países estudados. CONCLUSÕES: A América Latina apresentou uma alta proporção de Estados Partes que implantaram as medidas preconizadas pela CQCT. A heterogeneidade da situação de implantação nos cinco países selecionados sugere que as políticas de controle de tabaco são condicionadas por particularidades nacionais.


OBJECTIVE: To draw an overview of the adherence of countries around the world to the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) and to describe the establishment of WHO FCTC recommended measures in Latin American countries. METHODS: This descriptive study was based on analysis of documents and secondary data to determine the status of countries from the six WHO regions regarding adherence to the FCTC. After that, the establishment of recommended measures until the year 2012 was mapped in all States Parties and particularly in 12 Latin American States Parties. Finally, the degree to which FCTC measures had been established in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Venezuela was assessed (incipient, intermediate, or advanced). This step took into consideration the measures covered by four domains - reduction in the demand for tobacco, reduction in the offer of tobacco, reduction in damage to the environment and to the health of people caused by tobacco, and support for quitting the use of tobacco. RESULTS: Until August 2015, 180 countries had joined as States Parties to the FCTC. Considering the 126 countries that submitted global progress reports in the 2012 cycle, the most prevalent measures adopted referred to the protection against exposure to tobacco smoke (83.0% for all countries and 100% for the group of Latin American countries). Among the five countries selected for detailed analysis, the measures referring to the reduction of demand and offer of tobacco were the most frequent. Measures focused on reducing environmental damage were rare. Brazil and Mexico had the most advanced FCTC status among the studied countries. CONCLUSIONS: Latin America presented a high proportion of States Parties with established FCTC recommended measures. The heterogeneity of the FCTC status in the five selected countries suggests that the implementation of tobacco control policies depends on specific aspects of each country.


Sujet(s)
Humains , Animaux , Endocannabinoïdes/physiologie , Abus de marijuana/physiopathologie , Récompense , Transduction du signal/physiologie , Comportement toxicomaniaque/psychologie , Encéphale/physiologie , Encéphale/physiopathologie , Endocannabinoïdes/génétique , Voies nerveuses/physiopathologie , Transduction du signal/génétique
3.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.);78(5): 90-96, set.-out. 2012. tab
Article de Portugais | LILACS | ID: lil-654292

RÉSUMÉ

As drogas ilícitas são conhecidas pelos seus efeitos deletérios no sistema nervoso central; no entanto, elas também podem atingir o sistema auditivo, provocando alterações. OBJETIVOS: Analisar e comparar os resultados dos potenciais evocados auditivos de tronco encefálico (PEATE) de frequentadores de grupos de apoio a ex-usuários de drogas. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal, não experimental, descritivo e quantitativo. A amostra foi composta por 17 indivíduos divididos conforme o tipo de droga mais consumida: 10 indivíduos no grupo maconha (G1) e sete no grupo crack/cocaína (G2). Eles foram subdivididos pelo tempo de uso de drogas: um a cinco anos, seis a 10 anos e mais que 15 anos. A avaliação foi feita por meio de anamnese, audiometria tonal liminar, medidas de imitância acústica e PEATE. RESULTADOS: Ao comparar os resultados de G1 e G2, independente do tempo de uso de drogas, não se observou diferença estatisticamente significante nas latências absolutas e nos intervalos interpicos. No entanto, apenas cinco dos 17 indivíduos tiveram PEATE com resultados adequados para a faixa etária. CONCLUSÃO: Independentemente do tempo de utilização das drogas, o uso de maconha e crack/cocaína pode provocar alterações difusas no tronco encefálico, comprometendo a transmissão do estímulo auditivo.


Illicit drugs are known for their deleterious effects upon the central nervous system and more specifically for how they adversely affect hearing. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze and compare the hearing complaints and the results of brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) of former drug user support group goers. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional non-experimental descriptive quantitative study. The sample consisted of 17 subjects divided by their preferred drug of use. Ten individuals were placed in the marijuana group (G1) and seven in the crack/cocaine group (G2). The subjects were further divided based on how long they had been using drugs: 1 to 5 years, 6 to 10 years, and over 15 years. They were interviewed, and assessed by pure tone audiometry, acoustic impedance tests, and BERA. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were found between G1 and G2 or time of drug use in absolute latencies and interpeak intervals. However, only five of the 17 individuals had BERA results with adequate results for their ages. CONCLUSION: Marijuana and crack/cocaine may cause diffuse disorders in the brainstem and compromise the transmission of auditory stimuli regardless of how long these substances are used for.


Sujet(s)
Adolescent , Adulte , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Jeune adulte , Troubles liés à la cocaïne/complications , Crack/effets indésirables , Potentiels évoqués auditifs du tronc cérébral/physiologie , Perte d'audition/étiologie , Abus de marijuana/complications , Tests d'impédance acoustique , Audiométrie tonale , Seuil auditif/physiologie , Études transversales , Troubles liés à la cocaïne/physiopathologie , Perte d'audition/physiopathologie , Abus de marijuana/physiopathologie , Temps de réaction/physiologie , Facteurs temps
4.
Article de Espagnol | LILACS | ID: lil-242678

RÉSUMÉ

Se revisan los aspectos fundamentales del uso de la marihuana, a la luz del conocimiento actual, junto a los aspectos clínicos descritos por el Profesor Armando Roa sistematizados en su libro La Marihuana; se comenta sobre la importancia de su aporte a la clínica de este fenómeno


Sujet(s)
Humains , Cannabis/toxicité , Abus de marijuana/psychologie , Cannabis/effets indésirables , Cannabis/composition chimique , Fumer de la marijuana/effets indésirables , Fumer de la marijuana/psychologie , Abus de marijuana/étiologie , Abus de marijuana/physiopathologie , Abus de marijuana/histoire , Causalité , Comportement toxicomaniaque/psychologie
5.
J. bras. med ; 72(5): 92, 96, 99-101, maio 1997.
Article de Portugais | LILACS | ID: lil-196729

RÉSUMÉ

No artigo, o contexto atual da maconha é dissecado através de uma revisäo histórica, farmacológica e clínica. Resumem-se seus efeitos, mecanismo de açäo, conseqüências da dependência, usos terapêuticos e, assim, obtém-se o conhecimento necessário para uma tentativa de discussäo dos problemas sociais gerados pelo uso da droga.


Sujet(s)
Humains , Cannabis , Fumer de la marijuana/législation et jurisprudence , Abus de marijuana/physiopathologie , Comportement social
6.
In. Colegio Médico. Rancagua; Chile. Ministerio de Salud. Servicio de Salud VI Región. Adolescencia, 2. Rancagua, Colegio Médico Rancagua, 1997. p.77-87.
Monographie de Espagnol | LILACS | ID: lil-209024
7.
Iatreia ; Iatreia;2(2): 122-127, ago. 1989.
Article de Espagnol | LILACS | ID: lil-84387

RÉSUMÉ

La presente revision pretende reunir algunas de la evidencias existentes acerca del efecto de marihuana, morfina, heroina y cocaina sobre el sistema inminologico. Se hace en primer lugar una breve introduccion sobre los aspectos farmacologicos de cada una de las drogas para luego presentar la informacion relacionada con parametros inmunologicos bien sea en humanos, en modelos animales o in vitro. La conclusion general es que todas estas sustancias tiene accion moduladora sobre la expresion de receptores a nivel de las membranas celulares. El efeto de la cocaina parece ser de modulacion positiva, es decir que mejora las respuestas lo cual se corelaciona con la poca evidencia de enfermedades de origen infeccioso en adictos a esta sustancia, a diferencia de los opiaceos y la marihuana. Es necesario, sinembargo, disenar experimentos con un control mas estricto de todas las variblaes involucradas en la drogadiccion a fin de depurar resultados aparentemente contradictorios que impiden llegar a conclusiones definitivas


This paper reviews some available evidence on the immunological effects of marijuana, morphine, heroine and cocaine. After a short introduction on the pharmacological aspects of these drugs, we present human, animal and In vitro data on different parameters related with the immune system. A general conclusion is that all these drugs modulate the expression of receptors on cellular membranes. Cocaine seems to be a positive modulator since it increases immune responses which agrees with the fact that cocaine addicts do not frequently develop infectious problems. On the contrary, the other drugs seem to induce some immuno suppression and those with addiction to them present infections with a higher frequency. Nevertheless, before a final conclusion can be made, more studies carefully controlling all variables involved in drug addiction should be done in order to solve some of the apparent contradictions frequently found In the Literature


Sujet(s)
Humains , Troubles liés à une substance , Abus de marijuana/complications , Abus de marijuana/physiopathologie , Abus de marijuana/immunologie , Colombie , Dépendance à l'héroïne/complications , Dépendance à l'héroïne/physiopathologie , Dépendance à l'héroïne/immunologie , Dépendance à la morphine/complications , Dépendance à la morphine/physiopathologie , Dépendance à la morphine/immunologie , Cocaïne/effets indésirables , Cocaïne/pharmacocinétique
SÉLECTION CITATIONS
DÉTAIL DE RECHERCHE