Benzoin Spray: Cause of Allergic Contact Dermatitis due to Its Rosin Content

No abstract available.

Effects of aromatic resuscitation drugs on blood brain barrier in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To research the effects of moschus, borneol, styrax and benzoinum on the structure and function of blood brain barrier in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Focal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was introduced as an in vivo ischemic model in rats. After 2 h MCAO, nylon suture was pulled up 1 cm to give blood reperfusion. After 22 h reperfusion, all animals were decapitated. The ultramicrostructure of blood brain barrier of ischemia hemisphere side in fronto-parietal cortex region by transmission electron microscope, and the content of VEGF and MMP-9 in ischemia side brain tissue were measured by ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>In model and solvent group rats, the capillary endothelium cells, astro-glial cells and nerve cells in ischemia hemisphere side in fronto-parietal region were emerged in different degree compared with sham-operated groups, which exhibited tight junction between endothelial cells being opened, basal lamina being dissolved, and permeability increasing, and cellularedema. In borneol (0.2 g x kg(-1)) group rats, the structure of three kinds of cells were nearly normal, which tight junction structure was clear, rough endoplasmic reticulum and polyribosome could be found in cytoplasm. In moschus (66.6 mg x kg(-1)) group rats, the structure of capillary endothelium cells and astrocytes were nearly normal as well as the basal lamina, but the electrons in neurons was maldistribution. In styrax (1.332 g x kg(-1)) group rats, astrocytes were nearly normal, while capillary endothelial cells and neurons exhibited oedema in different degrees. And the basal lamina was discontinuous, augmentation of cell spaces in endothelial cells increased the permeability, some endoplasmic reticulum broadened and ribosome ablated. In benzoinum (1.0 g x kg(-1)) group rats, oedema of capillary endothelial cells and astrocytes was significant, basal lamina broke. Meanwhile endoplasmic reticulum broadened as vacuole, the number of ribosome in rough endoplasmic reticulum decreased, crista mitochondriales in some neurons disappeared as vacuole which hint oedema happened. Results also showed that borneol decrease the level of VEGF in ischemia side brain tissue significantly, while has little influence on the level of MMP-9. Moschus showed the tendency to decrease the level of VEGF and MMP-9 in ischemia side brain tissue.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Aromatic resuscitation drugs showed the protection effect on blood brain barrier in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury rats, which the protection effect of moschus and borneol were better than that of styrax and benzoinum. The mechanism of protection effect maybe related to decrease the level of VEGF and MMP-9.</p>

Antimicrobial Activity of Some Schiff Bases Derived from Benzoin, Salicylaldehyde, Aminophenol and 2,4 Dinitrophenyl Hydrazine

The antibacterial and antifungal activities of three schiff bases were evaluated against some pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Parallel experiments were also carried out with standard drugs (Kanamycin for bacteria and Nystatin for fungi). Two compounds [N-(1-phenyl-2-hydroxy-2phenylethylidine)-2',4' dinitrophenyl hydrazine, abbreviated as PDH and N-(2-hydroxy benzylidine)-2'-hydroxy imine, abbreviated as HHP] showed significant antimicrobial activities. The rest one [N-(1-phenyl 2-hydroxy-2 phenyl ethylidine) 2'-hydroxy phenyl imine, abbreviated as PHP] showed moderate activity. All these three compounds were found to possess pronounced cytotoxic effect. These compounds can be considered as potent antimicrobial agents.

A Case of Allergic Contact Dermatitis due to Propolis Tincture / 대한피부과학회지

Propolis or bee-glue, a resinous bee-hive product, is widely used in foreign countries as a medicinal remedy and in cosmetics. However, it is thought to be the cause of an increasing number of cases of allergic contact dermatitis. More than 180 constituents have been found in propolis and the major sensitizers are 3-methyl-2-butenyl caffeate and phenylethyl caffeate. We report a case of allergic contact dermatitis caused by a propolis tincture that was used in the treatment of a skin wound. Patch test results showed a positive reaction to both propolis and benzoin tinctures, but a negative reaction to fucidic acid. Because benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, esters of cinnamic acid, and vanillin are ingredients common to propolis and benzoin tinctures, these minor sensitizers are suspected as being the cause of allergic contact dermatitis in this case.

Synthesis and reactions of saccharinely-benzoic acid azides. the biological activity of the products

Diaryl ureas are reported to exhibit herbicidal activity and the wide range of pharmaceutical activities of saccharin [1-5] are also well known. In the present investigation we have introduced the saccharinyl moiety into the o -, m-, and p - positions of benzoic acid with the object of studying the behaviour of the resulting acid azides towards base and acid catalyzed decomposition and also to screen the prepared compounds for antimicrobical activities. The o-, m- and p- [saccharinyl] - benzoic acid azides [3a-c] were prepared by reacting o-, m-, and p- saccharinyl benzoic acid chlorides [2a-c] with aq. NaN[3] in acetone

Kinetics of oxidation of Benzoin by potassium bromate

The kinetics of oxidation of benzoin by bromate ion has been studied in acetic acid-water medium in presence of sulphuric acid. The effect of acidity on the rate of oxidation has been investigated by correlating the observed pseudo first order rate constant with the free hydrogen ion concentration [obtained from e.m.f.s. of a chemical cell comprising glass and calomel electrodes]. The order with respect to [H[+]] was found to be. one, different from that reported by Natarajan and Venkatasubramanian as three, who used sulphuric acid concentration as[H[+]],.which is incorrect especially in this medium of lower dielectric constant. Moreover, the experimentaly determined rate law takes a new form with the subsequent modifications of the proposed reaction mechanism. The extrathermodynamic analysis of reaction rate reveals that this reaction is an enthalpy cotrolled type

Patch Test in the Suspected Cosmetic Contact Dermatitis / 대한피부과학회지

Of the 166 cases of suspected cosmetic contact dermatitis, 92 showed positive reactions to one or more of the allergens of the commercial test kits or patients, own coametics by patch test. Tincture of benzoin, ammoniated mercury, cinnamic alcohol and benzyl salicylate were the most commonly identified agents. By product category, skin care produts dominated as the cause of the cosmetic conact dermatitis. However, it was suspected that the most common sensitizer may be present in the eye-make up preparations. The positive rate of foreign cosmetics was more than 2 fold higher than the domestic ones.