Effects of Hexachlorophene, a Chemical Accumulating in Adipose Tissue, on Mouse and Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

The hexachlorophene (HCP) is a highly lipophilic chlorinated bisphenol present in hygienic and dermatological products. The HCP accumulates preferentially in adipose tissue that is a privileged source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The evaluation of the potential effects of HCP on MSCs is important for their medical application. Here we examined the effects of HCP on murine adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and human umbilical cord-derived stem cells (UCSCs) in cell culture. We found that 10−4 and 10−5 M HCP inhibits proliferation, osteogenesis and increases apoptosis of ADSCs and UCSCs. While the effect of HCP on proliferation and differentiation potential of these two cell lines was similar, the UCSCs appeared much more resistant to HCP-induced apoptosis than ADSCs. These results suggest that the adipose tissue-derived ADSCs have higher sensitive for HCP than umbilical cord-derived UCSCs and indicate that the umbilical cord can be a preferable source of MSCs for prospective medical applications in the future.

Efecto de la miel aplicada tópicamente sobre la cicatrización en heridas infectadas. Modelo experimental / Effect of topical aplication of honey on healing process in infected wound. an experimental model

En el presente trabajo se evaluó la acción de la miel sobre el proceso de cicatrización aplicada localmente en heridas infectadas producidas en un modelo experimental con rata. Se utilizaron ratas Wistar, a las cuales se les resecó un bloque de tejido en el dorso; posteriormente se les contaminó la herida con Escherichia coli. Una vez presente la infección de la herida con la formación de absceso, los animales fueron asignados aleatoriamente en tres grupos de estudio: grupo I aplicación tópica de miel; grupos II lavado con hexaclorofeno, grupo III lavado con hexaclorofeno y aplicación tópica de miel. No se observó ninguna diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los grupos de estudio en relación a el diamétro de la herida, granulomas, epitelio de regeneración, infiltrado inflamatorio y población de fibroblastos. Sin embargo, el estroma fue más compacto en el grupo I

Comparison of five methods for the determination of lethal dose in acute toxicity studies

The aim of the prsent study was to compare the realibility of LD50 determination using the traditional Litchfield and Wilcoxon method with that obtained by forur alternative tests requiring smaller numbers of animals, for the purpose of classifyng chemicals according to their acute toxicity. Acute lethal dose determinations were carried out in mice for oral and intraperitoneal administration of hexachlorophene, lidocaine, methanol, phenobarbital and physostigmine. The Molinengo method proved not to be as reliable as suggested by its author. Determination of LD50 using the Thompson and Weil method or, alternatively, the maximal non-lethal dose and the approximate lethal dose permitted the classification of the chemicals in essentially the same order. The approximate lethal dose method, in particular, seems to be a very suitable alternative method to the classical LD50 test since it requires only about 6 animals, provides enough information to order chemicals according to their toxicities, and provides useful information for planning subsequent repeated-dose studies

Exposiçäo ao hexaclorofeno durante a gravidez: efeitos sobre o desenvolvimento da prole de ratas eutróficas e de ratas desnutridas / Exposure to hexachlorophene during pregnancy: effects on the development of pups from eutrophic and malnourished rats

Foram estudados os efeitos da administraçäo de hexaclorofeno durante a prenhez sobre prole de ratos; avaliou-se também a interaçäo de desnutriçäo intra-uterina com a exposiçäo à droga. A administraçäo de 10mg/kg/dia de hexaclorofeno na última semana de gestaçäo aumentou o número de nati-mortos e diminuiu o peso ao nascimento. Houve recuperaçäo do peso corporal quando os filhotes foram amamentados logo após o nascimento por ratas eutróficas e näo tratadas com hexaclorofeno. Essa recuperaçäo foi mais lenta para as fêmeas, quando comparadas aos machos. A desnutriçäo näo potencializou o efeito do hexaclorofeno. Näo foram observadas diferenças na vida adulta entre os grupos näo tratados e tratados com hexaclorofeno, quanto à avaliaçäo da emocionalidade e da aprendizagem no labirinto Hebb-Williams

Efeitos dos hexaclorofeno sobre ratos recém-nascidos eutróficos e desnutridos intra-útero / Effect of hexachlorophene on eutropic and under-nourished rat offsprings

Foram estudados, comparativamente, os efeitos da aplicaçäo tópica de uma emulsäo comercial contendo hexaclorofeno a 3% em ratos recém-nascidos eutróficos ou desnutridos intra-útero, na primeira semana de vida. Os resultados indicaram alta mortalidade durante o tratamento, tendo os animais desnutridos intra-útero apresentado maior susceptibilidade aos efeitos da droga. O ganho ponderal foi menor durante a exposiçäo ao hexaclorofeno, ocorrendo recuperaçäo no restante do período de lactaçäo. O tratamento dos filhotes com hexaclorofeno alterou também o comportamento maternal das ratas eutróficas que os amamentavam

In vitro activities of various drugs against adult worms of Clonorchis sinensis

The present study was undertaken to evaluate in vitro activities of following drugs against adult worms of Clororchis sinensis: i.e., stibnal, chloroquine diphosphate, Hetol (1,4-bis-trichloromethylbenzol), dehydroemetine 'Roche' (Ro 1-9334), niridazole (Ambilhar), bisbendazole, gentian violet, dithiazanine iodide, hexachlorophene, bithionol, niclofolan (Bilevon, Bayer 9015) and praziquantel (Embay 8440, Biltricide). After isolation from bile ducts of experimentally infected rabbits (3 months infection), the parasites were rinsed in sterilized Tyrode's solution and incubated for 24 hours at 37 C in TC 199 medium with Earle's balanced salt solution containing 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10 and 100 microgram/ml concentrations of each above drugs. The activities of each concentrations with each drugs were evaluated by the motility of the worms in culture tubes observing at 15, 30, 60 minutes and 2, 4, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours by stereomicroscope. In the results, no effect was found at the adult worms of C. sinensis in all concentrations with stibnal, chloroquine diphosphate, Hetol, dehydroemetine, niridazole and bisbendazole. However, moderate activities were observed in the concentrations of 1.0 and 0.1 microgram/ml of gentian violet, dithiazanine iodide, hexachlorophene and bithionol. The highest activities were observed in all concentrations of niclofolan and praziquantel.

Efeito tóxico do hexaclorofeno em cobaias / Toxic effect of hexachlorophene in guinea pigs

Foi verificada a ação tóxica do hexaclorofeno na concentração de 5%, em cobaias. Os testes foram realizados sobre a pele da região ventral, depilada e sem depilar. A irritação primária observada após 45 dias da aplicação incluía rachaduras na pele. Observou-se que gerações posteriores eram mais sensíveis ao hexaclorofeno. O efeito tóxico da substância absorvida pela pele estendeu-se também aos órgãos internos dos animais sob teste. As cobaias em estudo foram comparadas com grupo controle (AU).