Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of human ocular helaziasis in China from 2011 to 2022 based on bibliometrics / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To understand the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of human ocular thelaziasis patients in China.@*METHODS@#Case reports regarding human ocular thelaziasis cases in China were retrieved in international and national electronic databases, including CNKI, VIP, CBM, Traditional Chinese Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System, Wanfang Database, PubMed and Web of Science from 2011 to 2022. Patients' gender, age, clinical symptoms, treatment, recurrence, site of infections, time of onset, affected eye, affected sites, number of infected Thelazia callipaeda, sex of T. callipaeda and source of infections were extracted for descriptive analyses.@*RESULTS@#A total of 85 eligible publications were included, covering 101 cases of human ocular thelaziasis, including 57 males (56.44%) and 44 females (43.56%) and aged from 3 months to 85 years. The main clinical manifestations included foreign body sensation (56 case-times, 22.49%), eye itching (38 case-times, 15.26%), abnormal or increased secretions (36 case-times, 14.46%), tears (28 case-times, 11.24%) and eye redness (28 case-times, 11.24%), and conjunctival congestion (50 case-times, 41.67%) was the most common clinical sign. The most common main treatment (99/101, 98.02%) was removal of parasites from eyes using ophthalmic forceps, followed by administration with ofloxacin and pranoprofen. In publications presenting thelaziasis recurrence, there were 90 cases without recurrence (97.83%) and 2 cases with recurrence (2.17%). Of all cases, 51.96% were reported in four provinces of Hubei, Shandong, Sichuan, Hebei and Henan, and ocular thelaziasis predominantly occurred in summer (42.19%) and autumn (42.19%). In addition, 56.45% (35/62) had a contact with dogs.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The human thelaziasis cases mainly occur in the continental monsoon and subtropical monsoon climate areas such as the Yellow River and the Yangtze River basin, and people of all ages and genders have the disease, with complex clinical symptoms and signs. Personal hygiene is required during the contact with dogs, cats and other animals, and individual protection is required during outdoor activities to prevent thelaziasis.

Dirofilaria repens in Vietnam: Detection of 10 Eye and Subcutaneous Tissue Infection Cases Identified by Morphology and Molecular Methods

From 2006 to 2010, hospitals in Hanoi treated 10 human patients for dirofilariasis. The worms were collected from parasitic places, and identification of the species was completed by morphology and molecular methods. Ten parasites were recovered either from the conjunctiva (n=9) or subcutaneous tissue (n=1). The parasites were 4.0-12.5 cm in length and 0.5-0.6 mm in width. Morphological observations suggested all parasites as Dirofilaria repens. Three of the 10 parasites (1 from subcutaneous tissue and 2 from eyes) were used for molecular confirmation of the species identification. A portion of the mitochondrial cox1 (461 bp) was amplified and sequenced. Nucleotide and amino acid homologies were 95% and 99-100%, respectively, when compared with D. repens (Italian origin, GenBank AJ271614; DQ358814). This is the first report of eye dirofilariasis and the second report of subcutaneous tissue dirofilariasis due to D. repens in Vietnam.

The First Human Case of Thelazia callipaeda Infection in Vietnam

A 26-year-old man residing in a village of Thai Nguyen Province, North Vietnam, visited the Thai Nguyen Provincial Hospital in July 2008. He felt a bulge-sticking pain in his left eye and extracted 5 small nematode worms by himself half a day before visiting the hospital. Two more worms were extracted from his left eye by a medical doctor, and they were morphologically observed and genetically analyzed on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene. The worms were 1 male and 1 female, and genetically identical with those of Thelazia callipaeda. By the present study, the presence of human T. callipaeda infection is first reported in Vietnam.

Ocular angiostrongyliasis: first case report from Jamaica / La angiostrongyliasis ocular: primer caso reportado en Jamaica

A 30-year old female presented with a one-month history of blurred vision in her left eye. Examination revealed a live motile worm in the anterior chamber of the left eye. She also had retinal pigment epithelial disturbance with focal intraretinal haemorrhage. The 19.9 mm worm was surgically removed and identified as Angiostrongylus cantonesis. She was treated with oral mebendazole. Her vision improved from counting fingers in the left eye to 6/36. This is the first documented case of ocular angiostrongyliasis in Jamaica.

Una mujer de 30 años se presentó con una historia de visión borrosa en el ojo izquierdo por un mes. El examen reveló la presencia de un gusano móvil vivo en la cámara anterior de su ojo izquierdo. También presentaba una alteración del epitelio pigmentario de la retina con hemorragia intraretiniana focal. El gusano de 19.9 mm fue extraído quirúrgicamente e identificado como Angiostrongylus cantonesis. La paciente fue tratada con mebendazole oral. Su visión mejoró - pasando de poder contar sólo sus dedos con el ojo izquierdo a una visión de 6/36. Se trata del primer caso de angiostrongyliasis ocular documentado en Jamaica.

Viscoexpression of large free floating Cysticercus cyst from the anterior chamber of the eye by double incision technique.

We describe a case of 16-year-old girl who reported with diminution of vision in left eye for past seven months with appearance of white reflex. Slit lamp biomicroscopy revealed the presence of a live grayish white cyst in the anterior chamber. The ultrabiomicroscopic evaluation revealed a large live Cysticercus cellulosae cyst in anterior chamber. The CT-scan of the brain revealed multiple non-contrast enhanced lesions with calcification in brain parenchyma. The patient was started on oral prednisolone and oral albendazole. The cyst was removed in toto from the eye by double incision technique. The patient achieved visual acuity of 6/12 post-operatively.

A juvenile filarial worm, Wuchereria bancrofti, extracted from the vitreous of the eye: the first report in the world literature.

A live worm was extracted from the vitreous of the eye of a patient in Sri Lanka. Based on the details of its length, width, oesophagus and vulva it was identified as Ajuvenile female Wuchereria bancrofti.

Ocular dirofilariasis in Iran: a case report

Dirofilariasis is caused by a Filariid parasite of the genus Dirofilaria. This zoonotic infection is spread by mosquito vector from animal to human. Ocular Dirofilariasis involving the eye and adnexa is rare. A nodule in the right eye had developed in a 20-year-old soldier from Mazandaran province, north of Iran. The mass was removed surgically and measured 5x5 mm. The specimen was identified on the basis of microscopic section by the presence of longitudinal cuticular ridges, the thick muscle cell layer and the presence of 2 nuclei in the lateral cord. The worm was identified as a Dirofilaria, [presumptively D. conjunctivae]. This report is one of the first reports of ocular Dirofilariasis from Iran

Value of estimating intraocular antiboddy production in diagnosi of typical and atypical lesions of ocular toxoplasmosis

Serum and aqueous humor [AH] samples were collected from 45 patients: 20 with typically active or reactivated retinal lesions of Toxoplasma [group I], 16 with atypical lesions [group II] and 9 with old quiescent scars [group III]. Also, serum and AH samples were collected from 10 patients with chronic toxoplasmosis without any ocular manifestation [group IV]. T. gondii specific IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies were measured by ELISA in AH and serum and the intraocular [local] antibody production was determined by calculating Goldman- Witmer coefficient [GWC]. IgG antibodies were the only class detected in all sera of patients with ocular and nonocular toxoplasmosis. An intraocular IgG antibody synthesis was confirmed in 95% and 37.5% of patients with typical [group I] and atypical [group II] posterior uveitis, respectively, and in no one of either patients with quiescent scars [group III] or the ophthalmologically free patients [group IV]. As regards the typical active lesions, the sensitivity of the IgG assay [95%] was higher than that of IgA [60%] and IgM [5%] assays

Filariose intra-ocular: apresentaçäo e um caso de localizaçäo sub-hialoidea da Wuchereria Bancrofti / Intraocular filariosis: report of a case of sub-hyaloid localization of Wuchereria bancrofti

Os autores relataram um caso de parasita intra-ocular e o identificam como filária do gênero Wuchereira (W. brancrofti), baseados na morfologia do verme, na positividade da pesquisa parasitológica no sangue periférico e na resposta positiva ao tratamento específico. Discutem, ainda, aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e de diagnóstico diferencial.

Destructive ocular myiasis in a noncompromised host.

A case of destructive ocular myiasis resulting in complete loss of the globe in two days time is documented. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of such a severe involvement in a healthy and non-compromised host. Mechanical removal and good local hygiene helped heal the wound. The larvae were isolated to be that of Chrysomyia bezziana (screwworm fly). This is possibly the first report of destructive ocular myiasis caused by Chrysomyia bezziana from the Indian subcontinent and the second in world literature. Infestation of human eyes with larvae of flies (myiasis) has been reported. Serious consequences of destructive myiasis are seen in emaciated and diseased patients. Only one report of total destruction of the globe by maggots of Chrysomyia bezziana exists in the literature. As in previous communications, the patient in this report had no predisposing factors both systemic and local. We here in document a case of orbital myiasis leading to rapid destruction of the globe within two days in a healthy and a non-compromised patient.

Orbital myiasis--a case report.

A case of basal cell carcinoma presenting in an unusual manner as orbital myiasis is reported. Orbit was full of maggots. Histopathology examination from the margin of the ulcerative area confirmed the diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma, which was infested secondarily with larvae of flies. Turpentine oil packs were used to remove the maggots.

Cisticercosis cutánea y ocular / Ocular and cutaneous cysticercosis

Se presentan dos observaciones de cisticercosis de localización subcutánea y ocular, en personas con hábitos de consumir carne de cerdo. Ninguno de ellos presentó manifestaciones neurológicas ni infestación por Taenia Solium. Ambos fueron tratados con Praxicuantil con resultados espectaculares

Daño visual y ocular por oncocercosis en México: I. Parte / Vision and eye lesions caused by onchocerciosis in Mexico: I. Part

La primera parte es una revisión bibliográfica para conocer las generalidades de la oncocercosis y el daño ocular atribuido a ella, antecedentes históricos, análisis del medio ambiente, vector, parásito, ciclos biológicos, histopatología, inmunología, cuadros clínicos sistémico y ocular y tratamiento actual. La segunda parte es la descripción de un estudio transversal efectuado en la región del Soconusco, Chiapas en 1983, donde se estudiaron 271 pacientes con oncocercosis comprobada con biopsia cutánea, para conocer el daño ocular secundario a oncocercosis en México. El hallazgo más frecuente fue la queratitis punteada (daño transitorio), seguida por la queratitis esclerosante, las secuelas de uveítis y coriorretinitis (daño permanente) que se asocian a la mayor edad del indivíduo y al mayor tiempo de infección. No se encontraron pacientes con glaucoma

Primer caso de linguatulosis ocular en México / First case of ocular linguatulosis in Mexico

Se trata del primer caso de linguatulosis ocular en un niño mexicano, el cual presentó el parásito en cámara anterior del ojo izquierdo. Se comentan aspectos clínicos, manejo quirúrgico y estudio epidemiológico. Se describe el ciclo biológico y se revisa la literatura médica al respecto

Consideraciones de la respuesta inmunológica ocular en la cisticercosis: reporte de dos casos / Immunologic responses in ocular cysticercosis: report of 2 cases

Se presentan 2 casos clínicos de cisticercosis ocular en donde se empleó diagnóstico inmunológico con la prueba de ELISA, la cual resultó altamente positiva en el humor acuoso de ambos pacientes, pero en sólo uno positiva en el suero

Evaluación oftalmológica de un foco de oncercosis en Río Chiquito, Estado Monagas / Oftalmological evaluation of an onchocerciasis focus in Río Chiquito, Monagas

Debido a las pocas modificaciones del tratamiento de la oncocercosis en los últimos años, se practicó estudio doble ciego en 49 pacientes infectados con oncocercosis en la región de Río Chiquito del Estado Monagas, con una droga nueva, el albendazole. La dosis fue de 400 mg. diarios por diez días consecutivos en un grupo escogido al azar, y al otro grupo se le suministró un placebo por igual número de días. Los pacientes fueron hospitalizados para su tratamiento y observación clínica. Se les practicó una evaluación general, oftalmológica, hematológica yparasistológica previa al tratamiento, y durante los días 1, 3 y 10 post-tratamiento, así como controles periódicos post-tratamiento. El examen oftalmológico realizado fue: test de A.V.; test de colores; examen del segmento anterior com lámpara de hendidura; examen del fondo de ojo; tonometría y campimetría. Los hallazgos oftalmológicos no se diferencian del patrón standard del foco norte del país. Excepto de los hallazgos del examen campimétrico, ya que por la comodidad de la evaluación de los pacientes en el ambiente hospitalario, se determina en un 48,44% neuropatía óptica. La droga tuvo buena tolerancia desde el punto de vista general, desde el punto de vista oftalmológico se elevó el conteo de M.F. en cámara anterior en 1 paciente; la T.O. se elevó, en un alto porcentaje, en 3 ó 4 mmHg. pero por debajo de lo normal y en un porcentaje de 11.53% por encima de 20 y por debajo de 28 mmHg, pero sin modificaciones en el nervio óptico ni en sus campos visuales

Lesiones oculares por oncocercosis en lo indios Yanomani venezolanos / Lesions of the eye by onchocerciasis of the Venezuelan Yonomami Indians

Sobre la base de estudios epidemiológicos muy serios realizados a los indígenas Yanomami venezolanos del Territorio Federal Amazonas, se realizó una expedición biomédica financiada por el CAICET y el PROICET AMAZONAS de la Gobernación del Territorio Federal Amazonas, a las localidades de Parima B y Orinoquito de esa entidad, y se practicó un estudio oftalmológico completo a 82 indígenas, con el auxilio de modernos equipos oftalmológicos incluyendo la lámpara de hendidura. Las lesiones oculares más importantes y atribuibles a Oncocerca volvulus fueron: Queratitis Punctata 43.90%; Microfilarias en cámara anterior (MFCA) 40.24%; Atrofiade Iris 6.08%; Pérdida del Rodete pupilar 4.87%; Glaucoma secundario 2.43%; Coriorretinitis 2.43%; Atrofia óptica 4.87%; pacientes ciegos unilaterales 3.65%; ciegos bilaterales 1.21%. El conocimiento de estas diversas lesiones y las cifras aquí presentadas, nos hacen reflexionar sobre el futuro número de ciegos que va a existir en esas localidades en el curso de varios años, a medida que las microfilarias hagan sus lentos pero seguros estragos en las diversas estructuras del globo ocular, si no tomamos desde ahora las medidas preventivas y terapéuticas apropiadas. Exhortamos a todos los colegas e investigadores conocedores de esta materia, para planificar junto con los organismos competentes, un esquema de tratamiento que, utilizando drogas como la suramina y la diethylcarbamazina con la ayuda de esteroides tópicos y sistémicos y con la experiencia obtenida en otros países, pudiera aplicarse en esta vasta región de nuestro país